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30-539: The mill cottage on the Lion Gardiner farm at 36 James Lane on the landmarked East Hampton Village green has become a museum displaying 19th and early-20th-century landscape paintings. It is a contributing structure on the NRHP East Hampton Village District, replacing the original cottage on the lot situated with the windmill and Rev James historic marker . By community request of the village board,

60-434: A chaplain on Gardiner's Island by Lion Gardiner. Rev. James Jr. was highly regarded by Judge Henry P. Hedges, who described him as "learned, resolutely just, sincere, fearless, active, and had a powerful personality." He was also considered a "feisty Puritan" and was well-versed in public affairs, in addition to his role as a guide in politics, laws, morals, and religion. In those times, attending church on Sunday mornings

90-769: A fort at the mouth of the Connecticut . She came through many great tempests; yet, through the Lord's great providence, her passengers, twelve men, two women, and all goods, all safe. Gardiner was a military engineer in service of the Prince of Orange in the Netherlands along with John Mason . He was hired by the Connecticut Company in 1635 to oversee construction of fortifications in Connecticut Colony . He finished and commanded

120-506: A schoolteacher in Ipswich and Rowley before moving to East Hampton in 1650 to become the minister of the town's Congregational Church (Later 1st. Presbyterian). The East Hampton Town Trustees felt comfortable with Governor Winthrop of Connecticut and had gone to see him about finding a minister. Rev. Thomas James Jr. was eventually hired for the position in August 1651, having also been invited to be

150-540: A warrant being issued for his arrest. He spent three weeks in jail before being released on the grounds that he was a loyal subject of King James II . Rev. James was not alone in his opposition to the state government . Many other towns and villages in what is now known as Long Island were also unhappy with the way they were being governed by the New York colony . In fact, in 1683, a number of towns including East Hampton , Southampton , and Southold banded together to form

180-615: The Americans With Disabilities Act . A small parking lot was placed behind the cottage so as to not impede street views. The Gardiner Mill, built in 1804, is a New England style smock windmill built by Millwright Nathanial Dominy V. and operated as a grist mill serving area farmers. The timber used for the mill was cut from trees on Gardiner's Island and it was finished on September 28, 1804, costing more than 528 pounds ($ 28,208 in 2018). The mill continued to operate until 1900 and retained much of its original machinery, it has

210-551: The Duke of York's Laws . These laws allowed for a greater degree of local self-governance, and were seen as a way for the colonists to protect their rights. Despite these efforts, the state government continued to exert its influence over East Hampton and other towns. In 1691, the New York colony passed a new law that revoked the Duke of York's Laws and brought all of Long Island under the control of

240-505: The Hudson River School of painting, lived there in the early-20th century and the cottage had fallen into dis-repair. The decision to replace the structure with a replica was cast as a compromise to restoration. Some nonhistorical add-ons to the original cottage, including porches and dormers, were removed, and the 1880 front porch was reconstructed. A previous kitchen would be recreated to provide an entrance and bathroom to comply with

270-747: The Charlestown church for 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 years and then later to New Haven, Connecticut. However, Rev. James Sr. was not well-liked by his congregation in New Haven and eventually returned to England, while his son remained in America. Approximately 7 to 10 percent of the settlers went back to England after 1640, which included roughly one-third of the clergymen. He was born in 1620 in Newbury, Massachusetts, and received his education at Harvard College, where he graduated in 1643. After completing his studies, he served as

300-556: The Hamptons (some dating to 1865), while the rest would be acquired by a sizable endowment to the museum funded by the Robert David Lion Gardiner Foundation. The mill cottage and later added extensions and dormers is a colonial-era timber-frame saltbox. It was restored to its 1880s appearance, when it was last renovated by Jonathan Thompson Gardiner. The artist Percy Moran, a nephew of renowned artist Thomas Moran of

330-417: The Netherlands and embarked for New England on the ship Batcheler on July 10, 1635. The ship arrived at Boston at the end of November in 1635. Governor John Winthrop noted Gardiner's arrival in his Journal under the date November 28: Here arrived a small Norsey bark of twenty-five tons sent by Lords Say, etc, with one Gardiner, an expert engineer or work base, and provisions of all sorts, to begin

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360-509: The Puritan emphasis on strict religious and moral codes, which were enforced by both social pressure and legal consequences. It is probable that Rev. Thomas James got married for the first time in Connecticut to an unknown person. On September 2, 1669, he married Katherine Blux from Southampton for his second marriage. Although there is information that he had ten children, it is unclear which wife

390-786: The Saybrook Fort at the mouth of the Connecticut River during the Pequot War of 1636–37. In 1639, he purchased an island from Poggaticut the Grand Sachem of the Montaukett tribe, which they called Manchonat , located between the North and South forks of eastern Long Island , in what is now Suffolk County, New York . The original grant by which he acquired proprietary rights in the island made it an entirely separate and independent plantation. It

420-624: The Town of East Hampton purchased the Gardiner Mill cottage and lot, which included the 1804 Gardiner windmill, in 2014 utilizing community preservation funding. In December 2014, the village signed off on an agreement to build a replica saltbox style colonial era home and took sole responsibility for a museum. Terry Wallace, owner of the East Hampton Wallace Gallery had agreed to partly donate some of his collection of landscape paintings of

450-450: The best representation of colonial style interior finish of the extant Long Island windmills and remains the best example of millwrighting craftsmanship by Nathaniel Dominy V, who also worked on other area windmills. Nathaniel Dominy is said to have given particular attention to detail in the workings of the Gardiner Mill frame and had worked the timbers to a smooth finish with a hand plane. Dominy made this extra effort partly due to this being

480-464: The church or the town, and these dates are missing from the records. The reason for this is unclear, with some speculating that he was too busy with other duties or that there had been a fire that destroyed the records. The Town Trustees had various responsibilities, including hiring someone to ring the church bell, renting church pews, and finding a leader for psalm singing. They also enacted laws against slander and personal violence, which were based on

510-693: The first of a kind, a new model windmill which was crafted to run two sets of millstones instead of one, and also because he built it for his major patron, John Lyon Gardiner. It was completely renovated in 1996 by the Village which created a state-of-the-art restoration of the Windmill. Rev. Thomas James (Puritan) Rev. Thomas James Jr. was the son of a minister with the same name who had emigrated from Lincolnshire, England with his family. The senior James (1595 - 1683) had first settled in Boston in 1632 before moving to

540-400: The laws in Connecticut. In 1686, Rev. James became involved in a dispute with the government of New York, which had jurisdiction over East Hampton. He and several other East Hampton citizens were arrested for protesting against being part of New York and for selling whale oil in Connecticut without paying taxes. Rev. James preached a fiery sermon in support of his parishioners, which led to

570-788: The local Native American population, the Montauks. He learned the Indian language and taught them the English language. The Indians sometimes even worshiped with him. The friendly relationship between the colonists and the Native Americans is in part what led the Sachem Wyandanch to consider an alliance with the town. Rev. James served as the minister of the East Hampton church for almost 50 years, from 1650 until his death in 1698. During his tenure, he

600-598: The mid-1690s, Rev. James was unable to perform all of his duties, prompting the Trustees to appoint Rev. Nathaniel Huntting as his assistant. Despite this, Rev. James still carried out some of his responsibilities. Rev. Huntting owned the property where the Huntting Inn, also known as The Palm, is located today. Rev. Thomas James died on June 16, 1698, and was buried in the South End Burying Ground in East Hampton. He

630-567: The mill on Monday, which was the second day of the week. Rev. James's house was located next to the Gardiner house on what is now James Lane. The Meeting House, where Rev. James preached, was also located on the same property, which is now the South End Cemetery. The cemetery was originally the South End Burying Ground, and it was connected to the church or Meeting House. The whole area was fenced in for protection. Rev. James also interacted with

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660-412: The minister on Gardiner's Island. The following year, his salary went up to 50 pounds. His salary was paid from the taxes collected from the citizens, and he was exempt from paying taxes himself. As part of his compensation, Rev. James was given a home and 12 acres of land, some of which was used for fuel and the rest for farming. He was also given the privilege of being the first person to grind grain at

690-508: The state government. This move was deeply unpopular with many of the colonists, who saw it as a violation of their rights and freedoms. Rev. James was a prolific writer and is known for his publication, "The Book of Common Prayer Reformed According to the Plan of the Late Dr. Samuel Clarke," which was printed in 1690. He also wrote extensively on theological subjects and was a respected scholar. During

720-598: Was an English engineer and colonist who founded the first English settlement in New York , acquiring land on eastern Long Island . He had been working in the Netherlands and was hired to construct fortifications on the Connecticut River, for the Connecticut Colony. His legacy includes Gardiners Island , which is held by his descendants. Lion Gardiner was born in England in 1599. He and his wife Mary left Woerden in

750-583: Was highly respected by his parishioners and was known for his dedication to their rights and interests. Rev. James was not only the Town minister but also a member of the Town Trustees, and he was elected repeatedly. He also served as the Clerk of the Trustees, likely due to his writing skills, and was responsible for keeping the Town Records. However, he did not keep good records of births, deaths, and marriages for

780-468: Was mandatory, and those who did not attend were fined one shilling. Additionally, a fine of 10 shillings was imposed on anyone caught working on the Sabbath, and those who refused to pray were sent to the stockade. Rev. James Jr. was also expected to give two-hour sermons on Sunday mornings. Sunday was considered a day of rest, so there was little else for people to do. These strict rules and expectations reflect

810-446: Was not connected to either Connecticut Colony or New Amsterdam . He was empowered to draft laws for church and state. He called it the Isle of Wight, but it is now known as Gardiners Island after him. He became patron to the sachem's younger brother Wyandanch and in 1659 was deeded Smithtown, NY as a gift of the sachem, for being a friend to all the indians of Paumanacke when the tribe

840-577: Was on the verge of being wiped out. In 1660, Gardiner wrote the firsthand account Relation of the Pequot Warres . The manuscript was lost among various state archives and rediscovered in 1809; it was first published in 1833. Shortly before departing from the Netherlands, he married Mary Willemsen Deurcant, the daughter of Dericke Willemsen Deurcant and Hachin Bastiens, who was born at Woerden about 1601. She died in 1665 in East Hampton, New York. They were

870-447: Was remembered by his parishioners as a dedicated minister who always had their interests at heart. His final wishes were that he be buried in a manner that would allow him to face his congregation on the day of resurrection. His gravestone bears the inscription, "MR. THOMAS JAMES DYED THE 16 DAY OF JUNE IN THE YEARE 1698 HE WAS MINISTAR OF THE GOSPELL AND PASTUR OF THE CHURCH OF CHRIST." Lion Gardiner Lion Gardiner (1599–1663)

900-442: Was the mother of all of them, and the birth dates of the children are also unknown. Some of his children married into nearby families. Peregrine Stansborough of Sagaponack married Rev. Thomas James's daughter, Sarah, on December 15, 1664, suggesting that Sarah was likely from his first marriage. When Rev. James was hired, his salary was 45 English pounds per year ( £6,600.00), which was twice what Lion Gardiner had offered him to be

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