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55-530: In 1924, Archibald Clinton Harte, General Secretary of the International YMCA, raised the sum of one million dollars towards the construction of the building. Harte developed a vision for a permanent Y building and worked tirelessly planning every detail. For years, he cultivated donors who shared his vision of a “Sermon in Stone.” After seven years of construction, the new Jerusalem YMCA was dedicated in 1933 with

110-674: A battalion commander. The withdrawal entailed a retreat across the devastated zone in front of the Hindenburg Line and the old Somme battlefields, and by the end of 26 March V Corps was back on the Ancre Heights, where the troops held off fresh Germans attacks on 27–28 March ( First Battle of Arras (1918) ) and 5 April ( Battle of the Ancre (1918) ). After the Flesquières fiasco, Byng insisted on Fanshawe being relieved of command. On 25 April, he

165-567: A failure at Redan Ridge during the action known as the Battle of the Ancre . Winter Operations on the Ancre included the capture of Ten Tree Alley by 32nd Division of V Corps on 10–13 February 1917. When the Germans began their retreat to the Hindenburg Line (14 March – 5 April 1917) V Corps followed up slowly against rearguards. On 11 April, Fifth Army attacked the new line at Bullecourt , with

220-555: A force of mounted infantry and, having been promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant-colonel on 17 October 1900, he led them at the Relief of Mafeking during the Second Boer War . He was promoted to colonel on 29 November 1900 and was then given command of a mixed force which captured General Christiaan de Wet 's wagon train at Hamelfontein in February 1901. Plumer arrived back in

275-418: A hundred were captured and many others buried in mine craters. The ground was recaptured on 1 March using innovative artillery preparation techniques pioneered by V Corps' artillery commander Brig-Gen H.C.C. Uniacke. Meanwhile, on 28 February, Fanshawe ordered 3rd Division to begin preparations for a surprise attack at St Eloi , preceded by mines but without the normal long preparatory bombardment. The attack

330-561: A plot of land in the West Nikephoria section of Jerusalem , purchased from the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem . When the building opened on April 18, 1933, the event was attended by YMCA leaders from around the world. Details of the building, with its elegant arches, domes and tower, were described in the world press, which hailed it as a wellspring of cultural, athletic, social and intellectual life. Until 1991,

385-505: A reputation as being "genuinely even handed" and was one of the few British administrators who was consistently popular with both the Jewish community and the Arab community in that territory. Privately, he was sympathetic to the cause of establishing a homeland for the Jewish people but he tried his best to "be fair" to Arab concerns as well while he was High Commissioner. On 24 July 1927 he conducted

440-584: A second-line Territorial division in Home Forces). He was replaced by his elder brother, Lt-Gen Edward Arthur Fanshawe , promoted from command of 11th (Northern) Division . On 16 August 1916, V Corps HQ was transferred from Second Army to Reserve Army (later renamed Fifth Army ) to take over the sector on the River Ancre, where fighting had bogged down during the Somme Offensive . When V Corps took over,

495-403: The Battle of Frezenberg Ridge (8–13 May), the Germans shelled the 27th and 28th Divisions off the untenable ridge. V Corps lost 456 officers and 8935 other ranks during this battle. The following Battle of Bellewarde Ridge (24–25 May) involved a renewed German gas attack on V Corps. V Corps lost a further 323 officers and 8936 other ranks during the period 21–30 May. In October 1915, Allenby

550-803: The British Expeditionary Force sent to the Italian Front after the disaster at Caporetto . Early in 1918, Plumer was sought by Lloyd George for the position of Chief of the Imperial General Staff as a replacement for William Robertson : he declined the position. Plumer instead commanded the Second Army during the final stages of the war, during the German spring offensive and the Allied Hundred Days Offensive . Plumer

605-707: The British Government in the Balfour Declaration , and dealt firmly with both the Zionists and the Arab Nationalists. On one occasion, an Arab delegation protested a proposal by Jewish battalions to install their regimental colours in the chief synagogues, saying they "wouldn't be responsible for the consequences". Plumer replied, 'That's all right, you're not asked to be responsible for the consequences. I'll be responsible." In Mandatory Palestine Plumer gained

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660-557: The Cavalry Corps , 3rd (Lahore) Division , 50th (Northumbrian) Division and brigades from 4th and 5th Division in addition to V Corps – and was ordered to organise a withdrawal to the 'Frezenberg Line'. As a result, Second Army was reduced to a single corps and its commander, Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien , resigned. Plumer was appointed to succeed Smith-Dorrien, and V Corps reverted to Second Army control, with Lt-Gen Edmund Allenby transferred from Cavalry Corps to take command. During

715-521: The Commissioner for London Boy Scouts from 1910 to 1912. Following the unexpected death of Sir James Grierson on his arrival in France in 1914, Plumer was considered for command of one of two Corps of the British Expeditionary Force alongside Douglas Haig : this position eventually went to Horace Smith-Dorrien . Plumer was sent to France in February 1915 and given command of V Corps which he led at

770-802: The Second Battle of Ypres in April 1915. He took command of the Second Army in May and, having been promoted to full general on 11 June 1915, he won an overwhelming victory over the German Army at the Battle of Messines in June 1917. The battle started with the simultaneous explosion of a series of mines placed by the Royal Engineers' tunnelling companies beneath German lines. The detonation created 19 large craters and

825-496: The Second Battle of Ypres with the first cloud gas attack , which virtually destroyed the French divisions in the north of the salient and drove in the flank of 1st Canadian Division. Over the following days, V Corps struggled to plug the gap and hold the line. On 28 April, the BEF was subjected to renewed Germans attacks and Plumer was given an enlarged command – 'Plumer's force', comprising

880-775: The Western front . It was recreated in June 1940, during the Second World War and was substantially reorganised in 1942 for participation in Operation Torch . It fought through the Tunisia Campaign and later the Italian Campaign . In 1876, a Mobilisation Scheme for the forces in Great Britain and Ireland, including eight army corps of the 'Active Army', was published. The '5th Corps' was headquartered at Salisbury comprising

935-582: The Ypres Offensive and V Corps HQ was made available to command reserves. V Corps' staff for the Ypres Offensive comprised: On 7 September, V Corps relieved XIX Corps , taking command of 9th (Scottish) Division and 55th (West Lancashire) Division in the line. On 20 September, V Corps was assigned stiff objectives for the Battle of the Menin Road , and the 55th Division took heavy casualties. For

990-848: The inauguration ceremony for the Menin Gate memorial at Ypres in Belgium . Plumer was created Viscount Plumer for his "long and distinguished public services" on 3 June 1929. Plumer died at his home in Knightsbridge in London on 16 July 1932 at the age of 75. His body was interred in Westminster Abbey . In July 1884 Plumer married Annie Constance Goss (1858–1941), daughter of George and Eleanor Goss; they had three daughters and one son. Their youngest daughter, Marjorie, married Maj. W.H. Brooke who had studied at University College, Oxford and

1045-449: The 1990s. It was razed by developers to make way for a luxury housing project, King David's Court. The YMCA Jerusalem Youth Chorus is an interfaith (Christian, Muslim and Jewish) group of young singers. The Chorus encourages the youth from East and West Jerusalem to come together to become leaders for peace in their communities by providing a space where they can engage one another in musical and verbal dialogue. The Youth Chorus and

1100-508: The 62nd Division of V Corps in action alongside I Anzac Corps . The same forces met the German attack on Lagnicourt on 15 April 1917. V Corps took part in the second attack on Bullecourt with the 7th Division, the 58th (2/1st London) Division and the 62nd (West Riding) Division. The Corps lost approximately 300 officers and 6500 other ranks between 3 and 17 May. After Bullecourt, Fifth Army HQ and many of its divisions moved north to prepare for

1155-941: The Battles of Havrincourt (12 Sept), Epehy (18 Sept), St Quentin Canal (29 Sept-2 Oct), Beaurevoir (3–5 Oct) and Cambrai (8–9 Oct). In the Final Advance in Picardy, V Corps was in the pursuit to the River Selle (9–12 Oct), the Battle of the Selle (17–25 Oct) and the Battle of the Sambre (4 Nov). V Corps crossed the Canal du Nord unopposed on 30 September and occupied the Hindenburg Main and Support Lines when

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1210-696: The British dug in for about a week, preparing for the next offensive beginning on 1 November. V Corps renewed its advance on 4 November with an attack into the Forest of Mormal . The advance was now in the nature of a pursuit, held up only by rearguards and the dreadful condition of the road. When the Armistice ended hostilities on 11 November 1918, V Corps was within a mile or two of the Franco-Belgian border, with cavalry out in front. ( The Corps should not be confused with

1265-701: The Choir of St. Jean Baptiste performed a rendition of the Three Dog Night song " Joy to the World " on the 24 September 2015 episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert to celebrate Pope Francis 's trip to the US. 31°46′27.03″N 35°13′16.83″E  /  31.7741750°N 35.2213417°E  / 31.7741750; 35.2213417 Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer Field Marshal Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer , (13 March 1857 – 16 July 1932)

1320-491: The Flesquières Line. Although offering strong defences, the Flesquières position formed a dangerous salient in front of the British line. When the Germans opened their Spring Offensive on 21 March 1918, one of their first objects was to pinch it out. Accordingly, they did not attack frontally, but drenched the salient's defenders (2nd Division and 63rd (Royal Naval) Division) with mustard gas , causing many casualties in

1375-732: The French 5th Army Corps , which took part in the Battle of France in 1940, nor with the US V Corps of the US First Army , which took part in the D-Day landings of 6 June 1944 . ) In the early part of the Second World War , V Corps was based at Bhurtpore Barracks in Tidworth Camp within Southern Command . Lieutenant-General Claude Auchinleck was briefly its commander from 14 June 1940 until he

1430-771: The General Officer Commanding Cape Colony in December 1895. He went to Southern Rhodesia in 1896 to disarm the local police force following the Jameson Raid and then later that year returned there to command the Matabele Relief Force during the Second Matabele War . He became deputy assistant adjutant-general at Aldershot with promotion to brevet lieutenant colonel on 8 May 1897. In 1899 Plumer returned to Southern Rhodesia where he raised

1485-590: The Germans withdrew to the Beaurevoir Line, which it overran on 8 October. For the follow-up on 9 October there were no trenches or wire in front, so Shute's orders were for open warfare, and no barrages were fired, the artillery moving up behind the infantry in support. As a result, V Corps gained more ground than formations that made conventional setpiece attacks behind a barrage. Reaching the River Selle German resistance stiffened, but V Corps got outposts over

1540-650: The Messines-Wytschaete Ridge, south of the Ypres Salient . These trenches were wet and poorly protected, and the Indian-issue boots worn by many of the men were inadequate. They had to endure shelling and occasional trench raids as well as bad weather. V Corps played a peripheral part in the Battle of Neuve Chapelle to the south, and then 27th Division took part in the action at St Eloi (14–15 March 1915). In April 1915, V Corps shifted northwards, taking over

1595-553: The United Kingdom in April 1902, and two months later was received in audience by King Edward VII on his return. In a despatch dated 23 June 1902, Lord Kitchener , Commander-in-Chief in South Africa during the latter part of the war, wrote how Plumer had "invariable displayed military qualifications of a very high order. Few officers have rendered better service." He was promoted to major general for distinguished service in

1650-835: The YMCA auditorium. In 1947, the YMCA was the venue of the UNSCOP talks leading up to the UN Partition Plan . At the end of April 1948 the building was taken over by the International Red Cross , sheltering around 80 refugees. Two months later it was used by the UN Mediation Committee headed by Count Bernadotte and in September it was taken over by the US Consulate with US guards and naval telecommunications equipment. The building

1705-402: The YMCA stadium was the only soccer stadium in Jerusalem. The building was designed by the American architect Arthur Loomis Harmon of Shreve, Lamb and Harmon , who designed the Empire State Building . The Jerusalem YMCA housed the city's first heated swimming pool and first gymnasium with a wooden floor. The first concert broadcasts of the Voice of Israel radio station were transmitted from

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1760-571: The bungler was mainly responsible for clinging to the salient. I will exonerate Fanshawe, who is merely stupid'. Regardless of who was responsible, the setback at the Flesquières salient was nearly disastrous, and led to a dangerous gap opening up between Third and Fifth Army. V Corps attempted to form a defensive flank to Third Army, but the Germans penetrated the gap, and the corps withdrew again on 24 March. During this period (the First Battle of Bapaume , ) V Corps' command structure descended into 'extraordinary confusion and lack of orders', according to

1815-472: The days before the attack. On the evening of 21 March, unaware of the depth of the German penetration against the neighbouring Fifth Army, Third Army ( Gen Sir Julian Byng ) only ordered V Corps to withdraw 4000 yards to its intermediate defence line in the salient. In the following days, as the situation on the flanks deteriorated, Byng had to issue hasty orders to extricate V Corps from the trap. The Official Historian, Sir James Edmonds , wrote in 1932 that 'Byng

1870-689: The field on 22 August 1902, and was appointed Commander of the 4th Brigade within 1st Army Corps on 1 October 1902. The following year he became General Officer Commanding 10th Division within IV Army Corps and General Officer Commanding Eastern District in December 1903. He became Quartermaster-General to the Forces in February 1904, General Officer Commanding 7th Division in April 1906 and General Officer Commanding 5th Division within Irish Command in May 1907. Promoted to lieutenant general on 4 November 1908, he went on to be General Officer Commanding -in-Chief for Northern Command in November 1911. In addition to his military duties, he served as

1925-427: The first time that a whole corps of the BEF relieved another. On 30 April, V Corps was the victim of a gas attack by the Germans on the line in front of the Messines-Wytschaete Ridge at the Gas attacks at Wulverghem , followed by an attack on the trenches, but the raiders were driven out. On 4 July, H.D. Fanshawe was relieved from command of V Corps (he reverted to the rank of major-general and later took command of

1980-437: The line was held by the Guards , 6th and 20th (Light) Divisions . These were replaced by the fresh 2nd , 39th and 48th (South Midland) Division for the renewed attacks on the Ancre Heights, which continued from September to November 1916 with regular rotation of divisions as they became exhausted. V Corps finally took some of the 1 July objectives, such as Beaumont Hamel (by the 51st (Highland) Division ), but ended with

2035-507: The river on 10 October. Third Army attacked and crossed the Selle 12–17 October. Between 8 and 19 October, V Corps, which had done much of the fighting, suffered 5740 casualties. The advance was renewed on 20 October, with V Corps seizing a series of ridges in four planned bounds. On 23–4 October, it took a series of objectives, crossing the German Hermann II position. By now, the Germans were showing little fight, and V Corps' night attacks were able to take positions with few casualties. Even so,

2090-411: The sector from St Eloi to St Julien from the French Army. Now, with three divisions under command (first the 5th Division and then the newly arrived 1st Canadian Division were added), V Corps held the whole south-eastern and eastern part of the Ypres Salient. Between 17 and 22 April, 5 Division succeeded in capturing Hill 60 after underground mines had been fired. On 22 April, the Germans launched

2145-401: The six regional commands: V Corps was to be formed by Northern Command with headquarters in York . It was to comprise 27 artillery batteries (18 Regular, 6 Militia and 3 Volunteer) and 25 infantry battalions (4 Regular, 13 Militia and 8 Volunteers). Under Army Order No 38 of 1907, the corps titles disappeared, but Northern Command continued to be a major administrative organisation. V Corps

2200-419: The succeeding Battle of Polygon Wood , the frontline divisions were relieved, and V Corps attacked with the 3rd and 59th (2nd North Midland) Divisions . On 1 December, V Corps HQ was transferred to Third Army and relieved IV Corps along part of the line that had been captured during the Battle of Cambrai . The very next day, the Germans made a heavy counter-attack, and V Corps was forced to withdraw to

2255-408: The units of Southern Command . In 1880, its order of battle was as follows: V Corps was mobilised in July 1876 under the command of General the Hon Sir Augustus Spencer for summer training around the Wylye Valley in Wiltshire. The corps scheme had been dropped by 1881. The 1901 Army Estimates (introduced by St John Brodrick when Secretary of State for War ) allowed for six army corps based on

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2310-414: The words “Here is a place whose atmosphere is peace, where political and religious jealousies can be forgotten and international unity be fostered and developed.” Harte retired to his home on the shores of Galilee, which he bequeathed to the Jerusalem International YMCA as an international conference facility. The cornerstone was laid in 1928 by Lord Plumer , the British High Commissioner for Palestine , on

2365-412: Was a chief mourner at the Leeds funeral of Robert Middleton in October 1912. British Foreign V Corps (United Kingdom) Second World War : Tunisia Campaign Italian Campaign V Corps was an army corps of the British Army that saw service in both the First and the Second World Wars . It was first organised in February 1915 and fought through the First World War on

2420-461: Was a senior British Army officer of the First World War . After commanding V Corps at the Second Battle of Ypres in April 1915, he took command of the Second Army in May 1915 and in June 1917 won an overwhelming victory over the German Army at the Battle of Messines , which started with the simultaneous explosion of a series of mines placed by the Royal Engineers' tunnelling companies beneath German lines, which created 19 large craters and

2475-416: Was appointed General Officer Commanding-in-Chief the British Army of the Rhine in December 1918 and Governor of Malta in May 1919. He was promoted to field marshal on 31 July 1919, and was created Baron Plumer of Messines and of Bilton on 18 October 1919. In August 1925 he was appointed High Commissioner of the British Mandate for Palestine . He resisted Arab pressure to reverse commitments made by

2530-405: Was described as the loudest explosion in human history . After the mines were fired, Plumer's men left their trenches and advanced 3,000 yards. He won further victories at the battle of the Menin Road Ridge and the battle of Polygon Wood in September 1917 and the battle of Broodseinde in October 1917 advancing another 5,000 yards in the process. In November 1917 Plumer was given command of

2585-440: Was described as the loudest explosion in human history. He later served as Commander-in-Chief of the British Army of the Rhine and then as Governor of Malta before becoming High Commissioner of the British Mandate for Palestine in 1925 and retiring in 1928. Herbert Plumer was son of Hall Plumer of Malpas Lodge, Torquay , Devon (a grandson of Sir Thomas Plumer ), and Louisa Alice, daughter of Henry Turnley, of Kensington. He

2640-399: Was educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst . Plumer was commissioned as a lieutenant into the 65th Regiment of Foot on 11 September 1876. He joined his regiment in India and became adjutant of his battalion on 29 April 1879. Promoted to captain on 29 May 1882, he accompanied his battalion to the Sudan in 1884 as part of the Nile Expedition . Plumer

2695-409: Was made on 27 March and was initially successful, but the weather and ground conditions were awful and 3rd Division was exhausted and unable to consolidate the position in the craters. After it was relieved by 2nd Canadian Division , there were still weeks of bitter trench fighting. On 4 April, Canadian Corps HQ, which had been responsible for the sector south of St Eloi, changed places with V Corps,

2750-418: Was organised within Second Army of the British Expeditionary Force on 18 February 1915 under the command of Sir Herbert Plumer , who had been commanding Northern Command in England. Initially, V Corps comprised the 27th Division and 28th Division , both composed of Regular Army battalions brought back from various Imperial postings. The two infantry divisions had taken over French trenches in front of

2805-458: Was present at the battle of El Teb in February 1884 and the battle of Tamai in March, and was mentioned in Despatches . He spent from 1886 to 1887 attending the Staff College at Camberley , England, before being appointed Deputy-Assistant Adjutant-General in Jersey on 7 May 1890. He was promoted to major on 22 January 1893 and posted to the 2nd Battalion the York and Lancaster Regiment before being appointed assistant military secretary to

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2860-452: Was promoted to command Third Army and Lt-Gen Hew Dalrymple Fanshawe was transferred from Cavalry Corps (23 October) to replace him at the head of V Corps. In February 1916, V Corps was still holding a sector of Second Army's line from St Eloi to Hooge. On 14 February, the Germans blew mines and attacked and captured The Bluff , held by 17th Division, which suffered casualties of 67 officers and 1227 men, including 311 missing, of whom around

2915-446: Was promoted to take over Southern Command on 19 July 1940. He was succeeded by Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery from 22 July 1940 until 27 April 1941, when he was transferred to command XII Corps . Order of Battle Autumn 1940 The Dorset County Division was also under the corps' command during 1941. The Corps was then included as part of the Allied land forces, British First Army , in Operation Torch (8 November 1942),

2970-421: Was replaced as GOC of V Corps by Lt-Gen Cameron Shute , promoted from command of 32nd Division. (Fanshawe later commanded XXIII Corps in England.) During the Allied counter-offensive known as the Second Battle of the Somme (1918) , V Corps took part in the Battle of Albert (21–23 Aug) and the Second Battle of Bapaume (31 Aug – 3 Sept). Then, during the Battles of the Hindenburg Line, V Corps participated in

3025-425: Was restored to the YMCA in April 1949. For two months after the 1967 war the UN had a temporary headquarters in the building. In 2003, 62.5% of the membership were Jewish, 19.5% Muslim and 18% Christian. YMCA Stadium ( Hebrew : אצטדיון ימק"א, Itztadion Yimka ) was the city's only sports stadium until 1991. It was the home of Beitar Jerusalem Football Club until the construction of Teddy Stadium in Malha in

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