64-645: The Javanese , also known as the Colorpoint (or Colourpoint ) Longhair in some registries (though that name has other meanings ), is a variety of purebred domestic cat . In the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA), it is an offshoot of the Balinese breed, out-crossed to Siamese , Colorpoint Shorthair , and Balinese cats. Individuals have medium-longhair and non-traditional point coloration ( lynx / tabby point, tortoiseshell point or red/cream point). The variety
128-582: A caravan heading for Bušehr , observes “an inhabitant of Yezd in Kirmania, who transported from Tauris [ Tabriz ] to Bombay about twenty beautiful angoras. For several years he constantly travelled between Persia and India and apparently profited from his strange commerce”. Recent genetic research indicates that present-day Persian cats are related not to cat breeds from the Near East , but to those from Western Europe , with researchers stating that "Even though
192-430: A liking to the look and started breeding towards the peke-face look. The over-accentuation of the breed's characteristics by selective breeding (called extreme- or ultra-typing ) produced results similar to the peke-faced Persians. The term peke-face has been used to refer to the ultra-typed Persian but it is properly used only to refer to red tabby Persians bearing the mutation. Many fanciers and CFA judges considered
256-761: A longer, sleeker look than is typical for long-haired cats. Like the Colorpoint Shorthair , the Javanese has point coloration (with a pale body and darker face and extremities), but is permitted to have coat colors and patterns not found in the Balinese or Siamese. These may range from dark brown to near white, and may be ruddy to bluish, tabby , lynx point, cream point, tortoiseshell (tortie), tortie point, and others, including unusual combinations ("blue-cream point", "cinnamon-tortie lynx point", etc.). In total, CFA defines 24 Javanese-division color combinations in addition to
320-402: A more general name, though the organisations do not mix breed registries. The International Cat Association (TICA) groups the breed into three coat-pattern divisions for judging at cat shows traditional (with stable, rich colours), sepia ("paler and warmer than the traditional equivalents", and darkening a bit with age), and mink (much lighter than sepia, and developing noticeably with age on
384-465: A nature that I must be pardoned if I ignore the class of cat commonly called Angora". Dorothy Bevill Champion lays out the difference between the two types in the 1909 Everybody's Cat Book : Our pedigree imported long-hairs of to-day are undoubtedly a cross of the Angora and Persian; the latter possesses a rounder head than the former, also the coat is of quite a different quality. Bell goes on to detail
448-549: A separate Exotic Longhair breed. Originating in England in 1882 by accident, a silver tabby and smoke-coloured Persian offspring produced Silver Lambkin, a cat regarded as the father of the chinchilla Persian line. Silver Lambkin was bred, and even members of the British royal family had his descendants. In the US, there was an attempt to establish the silver Persian as a separate breed called
512-412: A very beautiful species of cats which are native to the province of Khorasan, but of another appearance and quality than those of Tyre [Lebanon]. We estimate them to be of high value; however, they mean nothing to the people of Khorasan. I am inclined to bring them to Rome and to populate Italy with this breed. Their size and their form are like those of ordinary cats. All their beauty is in their coat which
576-454: A very general standard that does not specify a flattened face. In the late 1950s, a spontaneous mutation in red tabby Persians gave rise to the "peke-faced" Persian, named after the flat-faced Pekingese dog. It was registered as a distinct breed in the CFA, but fell out of favour by the mid-1990s due to serious health issues; only 98 were registered between 1958 and 1995. Despite this, breeders took
640-579: Is a breed classification encompassing both of what other registries call: The Himalayan cat (essentially, the Javanese but with colors limited to those the Siamese); and The Javanese cat (see above) , i.e. a long-haired cat with any of the colourations that are nonstandard for Siamese and Himalayan, but found in the non-WCF Colourpoint Shorthair) Any colour-pointed, long-haired mongrel domestic cat (uncapitalised, and in various spellings, e.g. "colourpoint long-haired", etc.) Topics referred to by
704-592: Is a breed developed in the late 1950s by outcrossing Persian cats with American Shorthairs . A Persian cat was presented at the first organised cat show , in 1871 in The Crystal Palace in London, England, organized by Harrison Weir . As specimens closer to the later established Persian conformation became the more popular types, attempts were made to differentiate it from the Angora . The first breed standard (then called
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#1732909110904768-478: Is allowed (by special permission from CFA), and only to the Oriental Longhair (a related breed that has the same broad color range but body-wide, lacking the colorpoint pattern). All outcrossing will stop at the end of 2025. Such Balinese with non-traditional colors are, in some other registries, named Colorpoint Longhair, though this term is ambiguous , and can refer to different breeds in some registries. In
832-534: Is bred in Cabul, and some parts of Toorkistan. By us it is very improperly called "Persian", for very few are found in Persia, and none exported. The Cabulees call this cat bubuk [buruk?] or boorrak, and they encourage the growth of his long hair by washing it with soap and combing it.” Seeing as the British seemed to assume the majority of Persian cats stemmed from Afghanistan , there is reason to infer that no small portion of
896-491: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Persian cat The Persian cat , also known as the Persian Longhair , is a long-haired breed of cat characterised by a round face and short muzzle. The first documented ancestors of Persian cats might have been imported into Italy from Khorasan as early as around 1620, however, this has not been proven. Instead, there
960-836: Is gray without any speckles and without any spots, of one color throughout all the body, being a little lighter on the chest and the stomach which goes somewhat whitish, with an agreeable shade of light brown, as in paintings when one color is mixed with the other to give a marvelous effect. Albeit of unclear geographic faithfulness, the name Persian cat was eventually given to cats imported from Afghanistan , Iran , and likely some adjacent regions for marketing purposes in Europe. Persian-speakers themselves are not documented to refer to any breed of cat as "Persian cat", or gorba-ye pârsi . Instead, variations of gorbe-ye borāq , gorbe-ye barrāq , and gorbe-ye barāq appear in Persian dictionaries of
1024-527: Is only known to have voiced his intention in a letter from 1620 but returned to Italy much later in 1626 after travelling several other countries with the remains of his wife in tow and no further mention of the cats. In his letter from 1620, Della Valle distinguishes the Khorasan cat from similar long-haired cats imported to Europe from the Near East by their grey coat: At this point I have found in this country
1088-451: Is prevalent in the breed, affecting almost half of the population in some countries. In 2021, Persian cats were ranked as the fourth-most popular cat breed in the world according to the Cat Fanciers' Association , an American international cat registry. It is not clear when long-haired cats first appeared, as there are no known long-haired specimens of the African wildcat , the ancestor of
1152-652: Is stronger evidence for a longhaired cat breed being exported from Iran from the 19th century onwards. Persian cats have been widely recognised by the North-West European cat fancy since the 19th century, and after World War II by breeders from North America, Australia and New Zealand. Some cat fancier organisations' breed standards subsume the Himalayan and Exotic Shorthair as variants of this breed, while others generally treat them as separate breeds. The selective breeding carried out by breeders has allowed
1216-515: Is translucent with only the tips carrying black pigment, a feature that gets lost when out-crossed to other coloured Persians. Out-crossing also may result in losing nose and lip liner, which is a fault in the Chinchilla Longhair breed standard. One of the distinctions of this breed is the blue-green or green eye colour only with kittens having blue or blue-purple eye colour. The breed standards of various cat fancier organisations may treat
1280-469: The United States , Germany , Italy , and other parts of the world started to interpret the Persian standard differently, they developed the flat-nosed "peke-face" or "ultra-type" over time, as the result of two genetic mutations, without changing the name of the breed from "Persian". Some organisations, including the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA), consider the peke-face type as their modern standard for
1344-644: The World Cat Federation (WCF) scheme, cats that would be classified in other registries as Javanese or Colorpoint Longhair have been merged with Himalayan into a single breed, Colourpoint. In most registries aside from the WCF, the Himalayan cat is a separate breed, a cross between the Balinese and the Persian , limited to traditional Balinese/Siamese colors. To complicate matters further, some registries have instead applied
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#17329091109041408-605: The points of excellence list) was issued in 1889 by cat show promoter Weir. Weir stated that the Persian differed from the Angora in the tail being longer, hair more full and coarse at the end, and head larger, with less pointed ears. Not all cat fanciers agreed with the idea of making (or creating) a distinction between the two types, and in The Book of the Cat of 1903, Francis Simpson states that "the distinctions, apparently with hardly any difference, between Angoras and Persians are of so fine
1472-511: The 1990s to disqualify Persians with the "upper edge of the nose leather above the lower edge of the eye" from Certificates or First Prizes in Kitten Open Classes. While ultra-typed cats do better in the show ring, the public seems to prefer the less extreme, older "doll-face" types. In 1950, the Siamese was crossed with the Persian to create a breed with the body type of the Persian but
1536-466: The 19th and 20th centuries. In 1815, Lord Elphinstone described the cats in Kabul thus: The cats must also be noticed, at least the longhaired species called Boorauk, as they are exported in great numbers, and everywhere called Persian cats, though they are not numerous in the country from which they are named, and are seldom or never exported thence. In 1839 Lieutenant Irwin notes that “a variety of cat
1600-468: The Balinese and Siamese breeds. These include: deafness , early-onset arthritis and other joint issues, hip dysplasia , and cross-eye . Colorpoint Longhair (disambiguation) (Redirected from Colorpoint Longhair (disambiguation) ) Colorpoint Longhair or Colourpoint Longhair (among other spellings) is a disused term for one of multiple varieties of domestic cat, and may refer to: Javanese cat ,
1664-511: The Balinese. Only "traditional" colored seal, blue, chocolate, and lilac solid colorpoints fall under the Balinese cat in CFA, and thus referring to all lynx (tabby), tortoiseshell and other point colourations in Balinese cats as Javanese. Well into the 1990s, it was still permissible to back-cross Javanese to Balinese, Siamese, and Colorpoint Shorthairs for genetic diversity within the Javanese line. Under current CFA rules, and after intervening breed redefinitions, only "certain limited outcrossing"
1728-517: The CFA, are also accepted as Balinese cats. Confusingly, some registries refer to what other registries refer to as the Oriental Longhair as Javanese . (See § Classification below for details; this article focuses on the CFA breed/sub-breed.) The term Javanese cat was coined by a Helen Smith of MerryMews Cattery circa 1950, but for a different variety she was working on. It is unknown if she had ever traveled to Indonesia . The name
1792-679: The Cat Fancy (GCCF) does likewise. In 2008, the Persian was the most popular breed of pedigree cats in the United States. In the UK ( GCCF ), registration numbers have decreased since the early 1990s and the Persian lost its top spot to the British Shorthair in 2001. As of 2012, it was the 6th most popular breed, behind the British Shorthair, Ragdoll, Siamese, Maine Coon and Burmese. In France,
1856-476: The Exotic Shorthair "the lazy man's Persian". Because of the regular use of Persians as outcrosses, some Exotics may carry a copy of the recessive longhair gene. When two such cats mate, there is a one in four chance of each offspring being longhaired. Longhaired Exotics are not considered Persians by CFA, although The International Cat Association accepts them as Persians. Other associations register them as
1920-472: The Himalayan and Exotic Shorthair (or simply Exotic) as variants of the Persian or as separate breeds. The Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) treats the Himalayan as a colour-pattern class of both the Persian and the Exotic, which have separate but nearly identical standards (differing in coat length). The Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe) entirely subsumes what other registries call the Himalayan as simply among
1984-627: The Persian breed. Thus the retronym Traditional Persian was created to refer to the original type, which is still bred, mirroring the renaming of the original-style Siamese cat as the Traditional Siamese or Thai , to distinguish it from the long-faced modern development which has taken over as simply "the Siamese". Not all cat fancier groups recognise the Traditional Persian (at all, or as distinct), or give it that specific name. TICA has
Javanese cat - Misplaced Pages Continue
2048-481: The Persian is the only breed whose registration declined between 2003 and 2007, dropping by more than a quarter. The most colour popular varieties, according to CFA registration data, are seal point, blue point, flame point and tortie point Himalayan, followed by black-white, shaded silvers and calico. A show-style Persian cat has an extremely long and thick coat, short legs, a wide head with ears set far apart, large eyes, and an extremely shortened muzzle. The breed
2112-550: The Sterling, but it was not accepted. Silver and golden Persians are recognized, as such, by CFA. In South Africa , the attempt to separate the breed was more successful; the Southern Africa Cat Council (SACC) registers cats with five generations of purebred Chinchilla as a Chinchilla Longhair. The Chinchilla Longhair has a slightly longer nose than the Persian, resulting in healthy breathing and less eye tearing. Its hair
2176-439: The United States, and helps to form a special group within the show classification for the [Persian] breed. There are certainly disadvantages when the face has become too short, for this exaggeration of type is inclined to produce a deformity of the tear ducts, and running eyes may be the result. A cat with running eyes will never look at its best because in time the fur on each side of the nose becomes stained, and thus detracts from
2240-508: The allowed colouration patterns for the Persian and the Exotic, treated as separate breeds. The International Cat Association (TICA) treats them both as variants of the Persian. The World Cat Federation (WCF) treats the Persian and Exotic Shorthair as separate breeds and subsumes the Himalayan colouration as colourpoint varieties under each. Among regional and national organizations, Feline Federation Europe treats all three as separate breeds. The American Cat Fanciers Association (ACFA) has
2304-499: The body." The Angora's hair is much longer on the shoulders and hind legs than the Persian, which Bell considered a great improvement. However, Bell says the Angora "fails to the Persian in head", Angoras having a more wedge-shaped head and Persians having a rounder head. Bell notes that Angoras and Persians have been crossbred , resulting in a decided improvement to each breed, but claimed the long-haired cat of 1909 had significantly more Persian influence than Angora. Champion lamented
2368-626: The breed into four coat-pattern divisions, but differently: solid, silver and golden (including chinchilla and shaded variants, and blued subvariants), shaded and smoke (with several variations of each, and a third sub-categorisation called shell), tabby (only classic, mackerel, and patched [spotted], in various colours), party-colour (in four classes, tortoiseshell , blue-cream, chocolate tortie, and lilac-cream, mixed with other colours), calico and bi-colour (in around 40 variations, broadly classified as calico, dilute calico, and bi-colour), and Himalayan (white-to-fawn body with point colouration on
2432-542: The colorpoint pattern of the Siamese. It was named Himalayan , after other colorpoint animals such as the Himalayan rabbit . In the UK, the breed was recognized as the Colorpoint Longhair. The Himalayan stood as a separate breed in the US until 1984, when the CFA merged it with the Persian, to the objection of the breed councils of both breeds. Some Persian breeders were unhappy with the introduction of this crossbreed into their "pure" Persian lines. The CFA set up
2496-664: The colouration may be further classified as solid, tortoiseshell (or "tortie"), tabby , silver or smoke, solid-and-white, tortoiseshell-and-white, tabby-and-white, or silver/smoke-and-white, with various specific colours and modifiers (e.g. chocolate tortoiseshell point, or fawn shaded mink marbled tabby-torbie). TICA-recognised tabby patterns include classic, mackerel, marbled, spotted, and ticked (in two genetic forms), while other patterns include shaded, chinchilla, and two tabby-tortie variations, golden, and grizzled. Basic colours include white, black, brown, ruddy, bronze, blue ("grey"), chocolate, cinnamon, lilac, fawn, red, and cream, with
2560-499: The development of a wide variety of coat colours, but has also led to the creation of increasingly flat-faced Persian cats. Favoured by fanciers, this head structure can bring with it several health problems. As is the case with the Siamese breed, there have been efforts by some breeders to preserve the older type of cat, the Traditional Persian , which has a more pronounced muzzle. Hereditary polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
2624-464: The development of the extreme appearance. In 2004, the statement that muzzles should not be overly pronounced was added to the breed standard. The standards were altered yet again in 2007, this time to reflect the flat face, and it now states that the forehead, nose, and chin should be in vertical alignment. In the UK, the standard was changed by the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) in
Javanese cat - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-411: The differences. Persian coats consist of a woolly undercoat and a long, hairy outer coat. The coat loses all the thick underwool in the summer, and only the long hair remains. Hair on the shoulders and upper part of the hind legs is somewhat shorter. Conversely, the Angora has a very different coat which consists of long, soft hair, hanging in locks, "inclining to a slight curl or wave on the under parts of
2752-481: The domestic species. The first documented ancestors of the Persian cat might have been imported from Khorasan , either Eastern Iran or Western Afghanistan , into the Italian Peninsula in 1620 by Pietro Della Valle ; and from Damascus, Syria , into France by Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc at around the same time. While the de Peiresc import from Syria is corroborated by later correspondences, Della Valle
2816-518: The early Persian cat may have in fact originated from Persia, the modern Persian cat has lost its phylogeographical signature". This can be seen in the phylogenetic tree of cat breeds and populations. The Persian cat is depicted in red, which indicates it falls genetically in the European cat population. The modern-day Persian cat breed is genetically closest related to the British Shorthair , Chartreux , and American Shorthair . The Exotic Shorthair
2880-411: The face and extremities). If classified as the Himalayan sub-breed, full point colouration is required, the fourth TICA colour division, with a "pale and creamy coloured" body even lighter than mink, with intense colouration on the face and extremities. The four TICA categories are essentially a graduated scale of colour distribution from evenly coloured to mostly coloured only at the points. Within each,
2944-487: The four Balinese basics. Standard Javanese always have blue eyes. It is noted as an intelligent cat and tends to vocalize, often for no apparent reason; this is also a trait of the Siamese ancestor. They are notably fond of play, jumping and human contact, vocalizing, and getting into whatever their owners are doing and can become depressed if not regularly entertained by humans or other pets. They are reportedly good mouse hunters. Common genetic disorders are shared with
3008-529: The general appearance .... The nose should be short, but perhaps a plea may be made here that the nose is better if it is not too short and at the same time uptilted. A nose of this type creates an impression of grotesqueness which is not really attractive, and there is always a danger of running eyes. While the looks of the Persians changed, the Persian Breed Council's standard for the Persians remained
3072-481: The head, tail and limbs, in various tints). CFA base colours are white, black, blue, red, cream, chocolate, and lilac. There are around 140 named CFA coat patterns for which the Himalayan qualifies, and 20 for the Himalayan sub-breed. These coat patterns encompass virtually all of those recognised by CFA for cats generally. Any Persian permissible in TICA's more detailed system would probably be accepted in CFA's, simply with
3136-427: The lack of distinction among various long-haired types by English fanciers, who in 1887, decided to group them under the umbrella term "Long-haired Cats". The traditional Persian , doll-face Persian , or moon-face Persian are somewhat recent names for a variety of the Persian breed, which is essentially the original phenotype of the Persian cat, without the development of extreme features. As many breeders in
3200-657: The long-haired variant of the broadly accepted Colorpoint Shorthair breed (which is essentially a Siamese cat with non-Siamese colouration); note, however, that the World Cat Federation confusingly uses "Javanese" to refer to the Oriental Longhair breed, related but different Colourpoint, the World Cat Federation name for the long-haired version of its definition of the Colorpoint Shorthair (which includes both Siamese-standard and -nonstandard colouration); this
3264-404: The name Javanese to what other registries call the Oriental Longhair , which has no point coloration. The Javanese breed has a long, silky coat in a variety of colors (unlike the actual native domestic cats of Java which have short hair). It is a single coat, in contrast to the double coat (with guard hairs ) found in most long-haired breeds; as a result, it lies close to the skin, and produces
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#17329091109043328-515: The organization in 1986. The Javanese, under CFA definitions, was merged back into Balinese as the Javanese Division in 2008, to be more consistent with other registries' coat-color rules. In the Cat Fanciers' Association, the Javanese, now a sub-breed, is a generally Balinese -ancestry cat with a coat that does not follow the traditional and strictly defined point coloration patterns of
3392-630: The original Persian cat breed stock was, among other places, imported from Afghanistan to Britain and other European countries. However, the Persian cat was not only exported to Europe by this time but also to India. In 1885 Edward Balfour describes the Afghan trade of long-haired cats to India: “The long silky-furred Angora cats are annually brought to India for sale from Afghanistan, with caravans of camels, even so far as Calcutta .” Similarly in 1882, Jane Dieulafoy , travelling in Iran from Isfahan to Shiraz in
3456-508: The potential of the Persian/ASH cross proposed, and eventually managed, to get the CFA to recognize them as a new breed in 1966, under the name Exotic Shorthair . Regular outcrossing to the Persian has made present-day Exotic Shorthair similar to the Persian in every way, including temperament and conformation, except for the short dense coat. It has even inherited much of the Persian's health problems. The easier-to-manage coat has made some label
3520-475: The recessive gene. The Siamese is also the source of the chocolate and lilac colour in solid Persians. The Persian was used as an outcross secretly by some American Shorthair (ASH) breeders in the late 1950s to "improve" their breed. The crossbreed look gained recognition in the show ring, but other breeders unhappy with the changes successfully pushed for new breed standards that would disqualify ASH that showed signs of crossbreeding. One ASH breeder who saw
3584-595: The registration for Himalayans in a way that breeders would be able to discern a Persian with Himalayan ancestry just by looking at the pedigree registration number. This was to make it easy for breeders who do not want Himalayan blood in their breeding lines to avoid individuals who, while not necessarily exhibiting the colourpoint pattern, may be carrying the point colouration gene recessively. Persians with Himalayan ancestry have registration numbers starting with 3 and are commonly referred to by breeders as colourpoint carriers (CPC) or 3000-series cats, although not all will carry
3648-436: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Colourpoint Longhair . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colourpoint_Longhair&oldid=850049848 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
3712-437: The same. The Persian breed standard is, by its nature, somewhat open-ended and focused on a rounded head, large, wide-spaced round eyes with the top of the nose in alignment with the bottom of the eyes. The standard calls for a short, cobby body with short, well-boned legs, a broad chest, and a round appearance, everything about the ideal Persian cat being "round". It was not until the late 1980s that standards were changed to limit
3776-478: The shift in look "a contribution to the breed." In 1958, breeder and author P. M. Soderberg wrote in Pedigree Cats, Their Varieties, breeding and Exhibition: Perhaps in recent times there has been a tendency to over-accentuate this type of short face, with the result that a few of the cats seen at shows have faces which present a peke-like appearance. This is a type of face which is definitely recognized in
3840-539: The three as separate breeds (also with a Non-pointed Himalayan that is similar to the Persian). The Australian Cat Federation (AFC) follows the FIFe practice. The Canadian Cat Association (CCA-AFC) treats the three separately and even has an Exotic Longhair sub-breed of the Exotic and a Non-pointed Himalayan sub-breed of the Himalayan, which differ from the Persian only in having some mixed ancestry. The (UK) Governing Council of
3904-491: The traditional point-colored Balinese). The cats were accepted for registration but not competition into the CFA in 1979, but only as a new breed rather than as a division of Balinese; the name "Javanese" (independent of Helen Smith's use of it in the 1950s) was selected by looking at a map and picking Java, an island near Bali. CFA awarded "Provisional" status in 1984, and the CFA Javanese gained full "Championship" status in
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#17329091109043968-541: Was derived from the tradition of using the names of the countries and islands of south-east Asia for Oriental cat breeds. Around 1978, breeders of Balinese cats in Canada and the United States, affiliated primarily with the clubs Balinese Internationale and Balinese Breeders and Fanciers of America, sought acceptance from the US-headquartered, international Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) of their "new colors" (variations on
4032-493: Was developed in North America ; its name is derived from the tradition of naming Oriental-type cats after Southeast Asian places. Depending on the cat registry in question, the Javanese may be treated as a stand-alone breed , considered a Javanese division of the Balinese, or subsumed with the Himalayan into a merged breed called simply Colourpoint . In others, the cats considered non-traditional colored Balinese cats by
4096-461: Was originally established with a short muzzle, but over time, this characteristic has become extremely exaggerated, particularly in North America. Persian cats can have virtually any colour or markings. The permissible colours in the breed, in most organisations' breed standards, encompass the entire range of cat coat-pattern variations . The International Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) groups
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