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72-635: In the Bronze and Iron Ages, the archaeological site lying just north of Jarabulus (half of which is now in Turkey) was called Karkemish , in Greek and Roman times the ancient name of the city was "Europos" (Εὐρωπός), which must have been at the origin of the modern form of the toponym Jerabis. The original 18th century form of the toponym seems to have been "Djerabis",but it was later found as "Djeraboolos" or "Djerablus", probably deriving from Hierapolis (modern-day Manbij , to

144-581: A 'Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering' degree. Practical experience is a must for this degree and accordingly, students are required to do engineering practice at the end of their first, second and third years. During the fourth year, technical elective courses are offered to enable the students to further their knowledge in specific fields. A graduate program is offered in the fields of construction materials, transportation, hydraulics, structural mechanics, geotechnics and construction management leading to

216-443: A 'Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering' degree. Students do engineering practice at the end of their first, second and third years. During the fourth year, technical elective courses are offered to enable the students to further their knowledge in specific fields. A graduate program is offered in the fields of construction materials, transportation, hydraulics, structural mechanics, geotechnics and construction management leading to

288-571: A kingdom ruled by his son Piyassili . Piyassili (Šarri-Kušuḫ) was followed by his son Shakhurunuwa ( fr:Sahurunuwa ), about whom relatively little is known. He participated in the Battle of Kadesh (1274 BC). He was followed by Ini-Teššub . The city became one of the most important centres in the Hittite Empire, during the Late Bronze Age, and reached its apogee around the 13th century BC. While

360-556: A last campaign took place in 1920 with C. L. Woolley and Philip Langstaffe Ord Guy . Excavations were interrupted in 1914 by World War I and then ended in 1920 with the Turkish War of Independence . These expeditions uncovered substantial remains of the Assyrian and Neo-Hittite periods, including defensive structures, temples, palaces, and numerous basalt statues and reliefs with Luwian hieroglyphic inscriptions. Between 1956 and 1998,

432-750: A massive palace on the top of the acropolis dating from Late Bronze II, exposed more architecture and finds from the LB II administrative building in area C East (which seems to be the Hittite E2.KIŠIB) and more of the Iron I storage facility in area S. Archaeological investigations on the Syrian side have been conducted as part of the Land of Carchemish project : investigations of the Outer Town of Carchemish were undertaken in conjunction with

504-468: A newly formed council consisting of pro-Turkish Turkmen separatists. The Sultan Murad Division denied the accusations and accused the local council of being PYD "collaborators", although it did confirm forming a "council of elders" in the city. Harakat Nour al-Din al-Zenki 's political leader Yasser Ibrahim al-Yusuf, son of the perpetrator of the Aleppo Artillery School massacre , also said that

576-460: A number of excavation areas opened also near the border, due to the added security represented by the construction of the wall (see below). Thus, in 2016 a complete stratigraphic record was obtained also for peripheral areas, greatly adding to our understanding of urban development between LB II and the Achaemenid period. In the seventh season, from 7 May to 18 July 2017, the major breakthroughs were

648-470: A procession of gazelle-bearers have been found, some of them in situ, next to a courtyard paved with squared slabs. In the Neo Assyrian period that courtyard was covered by a mosaic floor made of river pebbles forming squares alternating in black and white color. Lawrence's excavation house was completely excavated. During the fifth season, April to October 2015, more significant discoveries have been made in

720-507: Is 7.8 °C (46.0 °F) and the average high temperature in August is 38.1 °C (100.6 °F). The snow falls usually in January, February or December. Karkemish Carchemish ( / ˈ k ɑːr k ə m ɪ ʃ / KAR -kəm-ish or / k ɑː r ˈ k iː m ɪ ʃ / kar- KEE -mish ), also spelled Karkemish ( Turkish : Karkamış ), was an important ancient capital in

792-454: Is furnished with equipment for construction materials, land surveying, structural mechanics, transportation, fluid mechanics, hydraulics, hydrology and water resources to serve the needs of education and research. There are reconstruction materials, structural mechanics, transportation, soil mechanics and hydraulics laboratories, used for instruction, graduate research and for expert service to industry. Students completing their courses are given

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864-476: Is located at Gaziantep, which is close to the city centre, with its extension campuses situated in the neighbouring cities. The objectives of the university are: The University of Gaziantep enrolled 24,406 undergraduates, 482 postgraduate students, and employed 1,048 faculty members in the 2008/09 school year. The language of instruction at the Gaziantep University is English. Gaziantep University ranks

936-511: Is mentioned in documents found in the Ebla archives of the 3rd millennium BC. According to documents from the archives of Mari and Alalakh , dated from c. 1800 BC, Carchemish was then ruled by a king named Aplahanda , followed by his son, Yatar-Ami , (a contemporary of Mari ruler Zimri-Lim ) and was an important center of timber trade. It had treaty relationships with Ugarit and Mitanni ( Hanilgalbat ). Another ruler of Carchemish in that period

1008-813: Is now an extensive set of ruins (90 hectares, of which 55 lie in Turkey and 35 in Syria), located on the West bank of Euphrates River , about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Gaziantep , Turkey , and 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Aleppo , Syria . The site is crossed by the Baghdad Railway that now forms the Turco-Syrian border. The site includes an acropolis along the river, an Inner Town encircled by earthen ramparts and an Outer Town (most of which lies in Syrian territory). A Turkish military base has been established at

1080-517: Is one of the best universities in Turkey. It has 20 faculties with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological research. Gaziantep is the largest trade and industrial center in the west of Southeastern Turkey. Gaziantep University was first founded as a state university on 27 June 1987, but higher education on campus began in 1973 when the institute was an extension campus of the Middle East Technical University . The main campus

1152-656: The Eighteenth Dynasty erected a stele near Carchemish to celebrate his conquest of Syria and other lands beyond the Euphrates. Under the Mitanni Empire, the city was a stronghold of Tushratta of Mitanni until its siege and conquest by Šuppiluliuma I (c. 1345 BC). Around the end of the reign of Pharaoh Tutankhamen , Carchemish was captured by king Šuppiluliuma I of the Hittites (c. 14th century BC), who made it into

1224-565: The Euphrates river, at the city of Til-Barsip (modern Tell Ahmar), the Assyrians established an important provincial capital. They renamed their new city as 'Kar-Shalmaneser', yet the old name was also used. In 2015, for the first time, the name of Sangara has been documented in a hieroglyphic Luwian inscription originally erected in Carchemish, itself. The six extant pieces of the basalt stele of

1296-619: The YPG if they moved against Jarabulus. This threat secured ISIL control of the town. On 24 August 2016 around 4:00 AM (local time), Turkey -backed rebels and the Turkish Army launched a military operation into Syria to capture Jarabulus from the Islamic State . The operation was supported by the Turkish Air Force along with US-led coalition aircraft in an attempt to clear a passage for

1368-435: The B.S. level include production management, product and process development, process design and project engineering. Food preservation operations and food processing operations are examples of activities that require the skills of food engineering technologists and engineers. The department offers education at both undergraduate and graduate levels (M.S. and PhD). The graduate programme aims to provide more depth and breadth to

1440-650: The Babylonians and were eventually expelled from Syria. After a brief Neo-Babylonian occupation, the Turco-Italian excavations found evidence for three phases of Achaemenid occupation, a significant reconstruction in Hellenistic times, a monumental phase from the Late Roman period, an Early Byzantine and three Abbasid phases before the final abandonment of the site until the early 1900s. The patron goddess of Carchemish

1512-641: The Classical city of Circesium , at the confluence of the Khabur River and the Euphrates. Between 1878 and 1881 soundings were conducted by Consul Patrick Henderson on behalf of the British Museum . Between 1911 and 1914 full excavations were conducted under the direction of D. G. Hogarth . In 1911 on the field there were D. G. Hogarth himself, R. C. Thompson , and T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia"), from 1912 to 1914 C. L. Woolley and T. E. Lawrence, while

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1584-703: The DGAM in Damascus and with the funding and sponsorship of the Council for British Research in the Levant and of the British Academy , under the direction of the late Professors T. J. Wilkinson and E. Peltenburg. Conservation and presentation works have now been completed and the archaeological park at the site is finally open since 13 July 2019, thanks to the support also of Gaziantep Metropolitan Municipality and Gaziantep Province :

1656-453: The Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering is to provide students with a professional education, enabling them to study and participate in applied and practical research studies. Laboratories are equipped for practical courses. The degree of "Bachelor of Science" (BS) is given to the students who have completed the 4-year undergraduate program. The program, established in 1977, gives

1728-478: The Department of Food Engineering; in 1981, the Department of Civil Engineering; in 1982, the Department of Engineering Physics were established. The university became an independent state university on 27 June 1987. The Engineering Faculty and Vocational School of Higher Education in the body of Middle East Technical University (METU) was connected to the University of Gaziantep by the same law. In addition to them,

1800-1043: The Department of Physical Education and Sports, the Department of Turkish Language, the Higher School of Foreign Languages, the Department of Informatics and Department of Atatürk's Principles and the History of Turkish Renovation attached to the Rectorship to offer courses in 107 major areas at undergraduate and graduate level. The university has 624 academic staff, 424 teaching and research assistant, 848 administrative staff, 22,300 undergraduate and 442 graduate students. 22,242 students have graduated. Department of Engineering Physics The Department of Engineering Physics provides professional training on engineering physics and directs students to participate in applied and theoretical research. Undergraduate laboratories provide hands-on experience. The student gains an insight into industrial applications of physics during summer practices performed in

1872-734: The Faculty of Medicine, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, the Faculty of Education in Adıyaman , Vocational School of Higher Education in Kilis , Graduate Schools of Natural and Applied Sciences, Social Sciences, and Health Sciences and the State Conservatory of Turkish Music were established. In the body of the university, in 1990, the Vocational School of Higher Education for Health Services attached to

1944-681: The Hittite empire fell to the Sea Peoples during the Bronze Age collapse , Carchemish survived the Sea Peoples' attacks to continue to be the capital of an important Neo-Hittite kingdom in the Iron Age , and a trading center. Although Ramesses III states in an inscription dating to his 8th Year from his Medinet Habu mortuary temple that Carchemish was destroyed by the Sea Peoples, the city evidently survived

2016-516: The Hittite king Hattusili I . At that time, Carchemish was allied with the kingdom of Yamhad , centered in Aleppo , in supporting Urshu, but their efforts were unsuccessful, and the city fell, along with many other Syrian cities. Hattusili and his successor Mursili I campaigned several years against Yamhad. Also Hantili I conducted a campaign to Carchemish to face the Hurrians. Pharaoh Thutmose I of

2088-561: The Karkamishean”. Nevertheless, Sangara failed to leave any inscriptions at the city of Karkamish itself as far as is known. Still, in 2015 his name was identified in Hieroglyphic Luwian for the first time in a local inscription. Following this period, Karkamish does not appear in Assyrian sources until the mid-8th century BC. The only exception was a brief mention by Samši-Adad V (824–811 BC). Nevertheless, only 20 km downstream

2160-475: The Levant (ISIL). By January 2014, rebels mainly from the al-Tawhid Brigade engaged in clashes with ISIL and seized the town, but ISIL was able to recapture it within hours. An article published by The Guardian said that attempts by the People's Protection Units (YPG) to capture Jarabulus were prevented by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan , who, according to media reports, had threatened in 2015 to attack

2232-583: The Mesopotamian-influenced Nergal, who was the city-god of Carchemish. He was also called Il-Karkamis , “God of Karkemish”, as is evidenced on an Old Babylonian hematite cylinder seal in the British Museum collections (BM 89172). Gaziantep University Gaziantep University ( Turkish : Gaziantep Üniversitesi ) is a public university in Gaziantep , Turkey . Gaziantep University

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2304-628: The Mitanni, Shalmaneser I visited Carchemish together with Prince Tukultī-Ninurta. In the 9th century BC, King Sangara (870-848 BC), the last member of the dynasty, paid tribute to Kings Ashurnasirpal II and Shalmaneser III of Assyria . Sangara already appeared in the Balawat Bronze Bands of Ashurnasirpal II as a tributary probably at some time before 868 BC. According to the archaeologist Shigeo Yamada, Karkamish may have been known during this period as 'Sazabê', “a fortified city of Sangara

2376-815: The Rectorship, in 1995, the Departments of Industrial Engineering and Textile Engineering attached to the Faculty of Engineering, in 1997, the Higher School of Physical Education and Sports, Gaziantep Higher School of Health, Yusuf Serefoglu Higher School of Health in Kilis, Vocational School of Higher Education in Besni and Vocational School of Higher Education in Nizip, in 1998, the Muallim Rifat Education Faculty in Kilis, and Vocational School of Higher Education in Gölbasi, in 2001,

2448-714: The Syrian Civil War, an endangered cultural heritage site and labelled "at risk" by the Global Heritage Fund, due to agricultural expansion and, especially, urban encroachment. The field assessment of the Syrian part of the Outer Town documented that parts of the modern border town of Jerablus encroached upon the Outer Town. In July 2019, a scientific visit to the outer town in Syria by the Turco-Italian Archaeological Expedition at Karkemish, entailed

2520-595: The Vocational School of Higher Education for Tourism and Hotel Management, in 2002, the Education Faculty in Gaziantep and Vocational School of Higher Education in Oguzeli, in 2003, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences in Kilis were founded. Presently, education is given at eight faculties, three higher schools, a conservatory, eight vocational schools of higher education, three graduate schools and five service departments namely

2592-616: The academic training, the students are required to participate in summer practice. Department of Civil Engineering The department has been furnished with equipment for construction materials, land surveying, structural mechanics, transportation, fluid mechanics, hydraulics, hydrology and water resources to serve the needs of education and research. There are laboratories for construction materials, structural mechanics, transportation, soil mechanics and hydraulics, used for instruction, graduate research and for expert service to industry. Students successfully completing their courses are entitled to

2664-557: The ancient site) was completed by the Turkish Army to the south of the railway, stretching between the Euphrates bridge and the train station of Karkamış. 36°49′47″N 38°00′54″E  /  36.82972°N 38.01500°E  / 36.82972; 38.01500 The site has been occupied since the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods (pot burials). In the late Early Bronze, cist tombs dating to around 2400 BC have been found. The city

2736-475: The beginning of the excavations on the north-western end of the acropolis and the discovery in the eastern Lower Palace area of a monumental building dating from the LB II. Among the finds, in addition to new sculpted complete artworks from the Iron Age, fragments of Imperial Hittite clay cuneiform tablets and c. 250 inscribed bullae should be mentioned. The eighth season lasted from 4 May to 20 July 2019 and revealed

2808-924: The capture of Jarabulus by the Turkish Armed Forces from the Islamic State, children returned to school, learning Turkish as a foreign language instead of French. In October 2018, the Gaziantep University opened a vocational school in Jarabulus. After the Turkish operation in August and September 2016, Turkish authorities planned to restore electricity to the city by building a three kilometres (1.9 miles) cable from Karkamış to Jarabulus, with two kilometres (1.2 miles) being in Syrian territory. Electricity and potable water were announced to be provided for free. Later that month, after visits from Turkish officials and

2880-472: The city would be governed by a newly formed council. The head of the Syrian Interim Government based in Turkey, Jawad Abu Hatab , met with the Jarabulus local council on the same day. On 22 January 2017, a police force of 450 members trained and equipped by Turkey was deployed in Jarabulus. The Jarabulus police is headed by defected Syrian Army brigadier general Abdel Razaq Aslan. Following

2952-452: The degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Civil Engineering. Department of Food Engineering Food Engineering provides the students with an engineering education directed in manufacture, preservation and distribution of food products. The theoretical and practical aspects of food industry ranging from the quality of raw materials to the final usage of products by consumers are the main concerns of food engineering. Employment opportunities at

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3024-510: The degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Civil Engineering. Department of Metallurgy Engineering The University of Gaziantep has been developing computers, ballistics search, inertial guidance in connection with defense research. The University of Gaziantep's educational programs have expanded beyond the physical sciences and engineering into social sciences like economics, linguistics, political science, medical science, dental surgery, architecture and management. Social issues can be studied in

3096-557: The design of production systems, operations management and research (OR), ergonomics, automation, CAD/CAM, quality control, information technology (IT), artificial intelligence (AI) and systems simulation. IE students take the same foundation courses as other disciplines. They also take some of the basic engineering sciences like engineering drawing, statics, strength etc. They take IE specialty courses in their later years. The IE students take manufacturing courses, which deal with manufacturing processes and other courses closely associated with

3168-412: The goddess Kubaba from Karkemish, currently housed in three different museums, have finally been all discovered and assembled together. This stele was made by king Kamani of Karkemish around 790 BC. The top part of this stele was drawn in 1876 by George Smith and transported in 1881 to the British Museum. In 1876, this was the longest hieroglyphic Luwian inscription known until then. Based on it, Smith

3240-671: The heterogenous Kurdish tribal confederation of Barazi, which also includes Arabs, from Jarabulus eastwards to Suruç . There are 16 thousand Kurds living near Jarabulus. When British archaeologist David George Hogarth visited Jarabulus in early 20th century, he noted that the town was held by Arabs of the Geais Msahaleh clan and Turks of the Barak clan. On 6 September 2016, the Karkamış -based council of Jarabulus that had been constituted 2 years prior, accused Turkey of attempting to replace them with

3312-408: The line of the great Šuppiluliuma I and that the central dynasty at Hattusa was now defunct. This powerful polity lasted from c.  1175 to 975 BC when it began losing control of its farther possessions and became gradually a more local city state centered around Carchemish. After Kuzi-Teshub, some of the kings of Carchemish, such as Tuthaliya I, Sapaziti, and Ura-Tarhunza, continued to use

3384-513: The manufacturing. IE has also a "person" section called ergonomics, although elsewhere it is called human factors. Industrial engineers sequence orders, scheduling batches, determine the number of materials handling units, arrange factory layouts and find sequences of motions. The undergraduate students also take courses in probability and statistics. IE specialty courses that follow these include quality control, simulation, and stochastic processes. Department of Civil Engineering The department

3456-512: The mayor of Gaziantep Municipality , Jarabulus was connected to the Turkish electrical grid. A former school in Jarabulus was turned into a hospital with an official Turkish sign reading "Turkish Ministry of Health - Jarablus Hospital" with a flag of Turkey. Jarabulus has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification Csa ), with influences of a continental climate during winter, hot dry summers, and cool wet and occasionally snowy winters. The average high temperature in January

3528-581: The most remarkable of which is Katuwa's Palace (c. 900 BC) to the east of the Processional Entry. The third season, from May to October 2013, extended the exposure of Katuwa's palace, retrieving a cuneiform tablet with an exorcism in the name of the god Marduk, as well as the ruins of Lawrence's excavation house in the Inner Town, from which literally hundreds of fragments of sculptures and hieroglyphic inscriptions have been retrieved. The fourth season started in May 2014 and continued through October 2014: in Katuwa's palace several orthostats exquisitely carved with

3600-531: The northern part of the region of Syria . At times during its history the city was independent, but it was also part of the Mitanni , Hittite and Neo-Assyrian Empires . Today it is on the frontier between Turkey and Syria . It was the location of an important battle , about 605 BC, between the Babylonians and Egyptians , mentioned in the Bible (Jer. 46:2, 2 Chron. 35:20). Modern neighbouring cities are Karkamış in Turkey and Jarabulus in Syria (also Djerablus, Jerablus, Jarablos, Jarâblos). Carchemish

3672-405: The onslaught. King Kuzi-Teshub (Kuzi-Tesup) is attested in power here and was the son of Talmi-Teshub who was a contemporary of the last Hittite king, Šuppiluliuma II . He and his successors ruled a "mini-empire" stretching from Southeast Asia Minor to Northern Syria and the West bend of the Euphrates under the title "Great King". This suggests that Kuzi-Tesub saw himself as the true heir of

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3744-426: The palace area, both for Late Hittite sculptures, and Neo Assyrian refurbishments, with tens of items—including two fragments of clay prismatical cylinders inscribed with a unique cuneiform text by Sargon, intended for display, telling how he captured and reorganized the city of Karkemish—retrieved in a 14-m-deep well, sealed in 605 BC at the time of the Late Babylonian takeover. The sixth season, May to July 2016, saw

3816-440: The protection of the area from further encroachment by the sprawling town of Jerablus and by the facilities for trucks which were being built to the South of the border: the City Council of Jerablus declared all the area enclosed by the Iron Age city walls a "first degree protected site", meaning the complete ban of any activity on it. In February 2016, a prefabricated security wall (thus with no foundations that could have damaged

3888-483: The real-life lab setting of Southeast Anatolia. Main research areas are the environment, energy (especially in solar and nuclear energy), material, construction, and information/communication technology, ballistics search and social sciences. This university also known as having most nepotism and favoritism in Turkey, this was surfaced one of the media agencies in 2021, estimating 250 person including academics has less than 10 different family names. No further explanation

3960-421: The same as that offered by the department when it was affiliated to M.E.T.U. leading to BSc, MSc, and PhD degrees in Mechanical Engineering. Besides the general laboratories, facilities for graduate research and industrial projects are available Department of Textile Engineering The Department of Textile Engineering offers courses with laboratory training leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science. Along with

4032-827: The second and third years of the undergraduate program. Candidates are awarded the degree of Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and/or Master of Science (M.S.) and the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Engineering Physics. Graduate students of the department are employed in many areas such as telecommunications, hospitals, research and development laboratories, power stations, and schools. In addition to this, there are only five Engineering Physics Departments in Turkish universities, each department focused on different areas. These universities are Istanbul Technical University , Istanbul Medeniyet University , Hacettepe University , Ankara University and Gaziantep University. Main branches Department of Computer Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering The purpose of

4104-441: The site and access but only the acropolis is presently of restricted access. Carchemish has always been well known to scholars because of several references to it in the Bible (Jer. 46:2; 2 Chr. 35:20; Isa. 10:9) and in Egyptian and Assyrian texts. In 1874, James H. Skene, British Consul at Aleppo proposed its identification. This was confirmed in 1876 by George Smith . Carchemish had been previously identified, incorrectly, with

4176-414: The site may be visited between 9 am and one hour before sunset through guided tours every two hours for security reasons. Financial support has been received by the three Universities mentioned above, by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Sanko Holding, with the technical support also of Şahinbey Municipality and Inta A.Ş. The Outer Town area lying in Syria has been designated, already before

4248-424: The southwest). Being on the southern side of the Istanbul-Baghdad railway , Jarabulus became a border town with Turkey based on the Treaty of Lausanne in the aftermath of World War I . Following the outbreak of the Syrian civil war , the Syrian opposition took over the town, along with its border post with Turkey on July 20, 2012. However in July 2013 the town was captured by the Islamic State of Iraq and

4320-400: The student the opportunity to specialize in the area of telecommunications, solid-state electronics, quantum electronics, power systems, microwave and antennas, high voltage and computer science. The department has programs for the degrees of Master of Science (MS) and Doctor of Philosophy (PHD). Department of Industrial Engineering Industrial Engineering (IE) is a discipline concerned with

4392-412: The summer of 605 BC, the Battle of Carchemish was fought there by the Babylonian army of Nebuchadnezzar II and that of Pharaoh Necho II of Egypt and the remnants of the Assyrian army (Jer. 46:2). The aim of Necho's campaign was to contain the Westward advance of the Babylonian Empire and cut off its trade route across the Euphrates. However, the Egyptians were defeated by the unexpected attack of

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4464-414: The thousandth in Times Higher Education World University Rankings from 2020 to 2021. Established in 1973, the Department of Mechanical Engineering and in 1974, the Engineering Faculty of which the medium of instruction is English, are the basis of the university. The Engineering Faculty was founded by the opening of the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering in 1974. Following this, in 1977,

4536-402: The title ‘Great King’ in order to advance their power interests. Suhi I was the first known ruler of the dynasty of Carchemish that followed. He ruled in early 10th century BC, and was followed by Astuwalamanza. Katuwa , son of Suhi II, is the best known ruler of this dynasty as known in the Hieroglyphic Luwian sources. He reigned around 880 BC. In the mid-13th century BC, after the fall of

4608-416: The troops. By 24 August, Jarabulus and neighboring towns were captured by the Syrian National Army . The SNA, backed by Turkish tanks, then connected Jarablus to al-Rai to push ISIL forces away from the Turkish border. Ethnically, the city is mostly composed of Arabs and Turkmens . Turkmens belong to the Barak tribe. The region overall likewise mostly consists of Arabs and Turkmens , but also houses

4680-404: The undergraduate background of the students. Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering ranges from aerospace equipment, automobiles, heavy machinery, through to manufacturing, production and management. The fields in which mechanical engineers work, cover design, manufacture, research, development, operations, maintenance, education and management. The curriculum is basically

4752-550: The whole site had been mined by the Turkish Land Forces . With the completion in February 2011 of mine clearing operations on the Turkish portion of the site, archaeological work was resumed in September 2011. Excavations in the Inner and Outer Towns were carried out by a joint Turco-Italian team from the Universities of Bologna , Gaziantep , and University of Istanbul under the direction of Prof. Dr. Nicolò Marchetti . The second season, from August to November 2012, brought several new art findings and archaeological discoveries,

4824-400: The world. This stele was originally made by king Kamani of Karkemish around 790 BC. The Luwian hieroglyphic inscription on this stele can now be read more fully, and it carries some important information about Karkemish history. Kubaba appears to be one of the three main deities worshipped in Carchemish during the Middle Bronze Age. The other two were Nergal and Nubandag . The chief god was

4896-503: Was Kubaba , a deity of apparently Hurrian origins. She was represented as a dignified woman wearing a long robe, standing or seated, and holding a mirror. The main male deity of the town was Karhuha , akin to the Hittite stag-god Kurunta . Kubaba was also the goddess of Alalakh , located in the coastal Amik Valley . In 2015, a basalt stele of Kubaba, originally from Karkemish, was assembled back together from six separate broken pieces currently housed in three different museums around

4968-406: Was Iahdun-Lim. In ancient times, the city commanded the main ford in the region across the Euphrates , a situation which must have contributed greatly to its historical and strategic importance. After about 1745 BC, and the reign of Yahdul-Lim , not much is further known about Carchemish. Little is known until the 1620s, when the city is mentioned in connection with the siege of Urshu (Ursha) by

5040-433: Was offered by the authorities. Gaziantep University libraries have material on physical sciences, medical sciences, engineering resources, social sciences, economics, philosophy, linguistics, political science and management. Some academic departments have their own libraries. In October 2019 Turkey's official state publication reported that the Gaziantep University would open a Faculty of Islamic sciences in Syria's Azaz ,

5112-400: Was the first to link the site with the Hittites as mentioned in the Bible, and also to identify it as Carchemish. The House of Suhi are known for their extensive building program. They left a prominent set of monuments, with sculptures and inscriptions. Among the monuments they left, there are portal lions, inscriptions, relief orthostats and freestanding statues. The House of Astiruwa

5184-452: Was the last known dynasty of rulers of Carchemish, and king Astiruwa (ca 848-790 BC) was the founder of this dynasty. Then came kings Yariri , Kamani, and Sastura. King Yariri started to reign after 790 BC. He was a great scholar, and left extensive records of his time. Carchemish was conquered by Sargon II in 717 BC in the reign of King Pisiri, the last ruler of the House of Astiruwa. In

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