71-580: Jamui is a town and a municipality in Jamui district in the Indian state of Bihar . It is the district headquarter of Jamui district . Jamui was formed as a district on 21 February 1991 as a result of its separation from Munger . It is part of Munger Division . The town is situated about 60km South-West of Munger. Historical existence of Jamui has been observed from the period of Mahabharta war. Archaeological and historical evidence shows its close association with
142-566: A gas station [ US ] or petrol station [ UK ]) is a facility that sells fuel and engine lubricants for motor vehicles . The most common fuels sold are gasoline (or petrol) and diesel fuel . Fuel dispensers are used to pump gasoline, diesel, compressed natural gas , compressed hydrogen , hydrogen compressed natural gas , liquefied petroleum gas , liquid hydrogen , kerosene , alcohol fuels (like methanol , ethanol , butanol , and propanol ), biofuels (like straight vegetable oil and biodiesel ), or other types of fuel into
213-466: A tanker truck into each tank by gravity through a separate capped opening located on the station's perimeter. Fuel from the tanks travels to the dispenser pumps through underground pipes. For every fuel tank, direct access must be available at all times. Most tanks can be accessed through a service canal directly from the forecourt. Older stations tend to use a separate pipe for every kind of available fuel and for every dispenser. Newer stations may employ
284-545: A Mobil station in Canob Park in Richmond, Rhode Island . This led to regulations banning these types of tanks in 1985. However, tanks that ceased operation before 1986 are unlikely to have been recorded, and many underground tanks are thus unknowingly hidden beneath redeveloped land, contributing to soil, groundwater, and indoor air pollution. Because of the relatively small size of former stations (compared to larger brownfields),
355-549: A choice between full service and self service . Before 1970, full service was the norm, and self-service was rare. Today, few stations advertise or provide full service. Full service stations are more common in wealthy and upscale areas. The cost of full service is usually assessed as a fixed amount per US gallon. The first self-service station in the United States was in Los Angeles , opened in 1947 by Frank Urich. In Canada ,
426-545: A day. Filling stations typically offer one of three types of service to their customers: full service, minimum service or self-service. In Brazil, self-service fuel filling is illegal, due to a federal law enacted in 2000. The law was introduced by Federal Deputy Aldo Rebelo , who claims it saved 300,000 fuel attendant jobs across the country. Before 1998, filling stations in Japan were entirely full-service stations. Self-service stations were legalized in Japan in 1998 following
497-491: A former filling station can lower property values, discourage development of land, and depress neighbouring property values and potential tax revenue. When areas are known to be contaminated by leaking underground storage tanks, the sale value of the land and neighbouring area drops. An analysis of residential properties in Cuyahoga County, Ohio estimated the loss at about 17% when within 300 feet (91 m) or one block of
568-474: A lower fuel consumption are ordered not directly from an oil company, but from an intermediary. Many premium brands have fully automated pay-at-the-pump facilities. Premium stations tend to be highly visible from highway and freeway exits, utilizing tall signs to display their brand logos. Discount brands are often smaller, regional chains or independent stations, offering lower fuel prices. Most purchase wholesale commodity gasoline from independent suppliers or
639-400: A municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to the state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from the state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have
710-463: A pre-payment or a payment at the pump during night hours. In the Republic of Ireland, most stations allow customers to pump fuel before paying. Some stations have pay-at-the-pump facilities. A large majority of stations allow customers to pay with a chip and pin payment card or pay in the shop. Many have a pay at the pump system, where customers can enter their PIN prior to refueling. Pre-payment
781-1053: A registered leaking tank. Active filling stations have similar negative effects on property values, with an analysis in Xuancheng , China finding a loss of 16% within 100 metres (330 ft) and 9% when between 301 metres (988 ft) and 600 metres (2,000 ft). In the United States and Canada, there are generally two marketing types of filling stations: premium brands and discount brands. Filling stations with premium brands sell well-recognized and often international brands of fuel, including Exxon / Mobil and its Esso brand, Phillips 66/Conoco/76 , Chevron , Mobil , Shell , Husky Energy , Sunoco (US), BP , Valero and Texaco . Non-international premium brands include Petrobras , Petro-Canada (owned by Suncor Energy Canada), QuikTrip , Hess , Sinclair , and Pemex . Premium-brand stations accept credit cards , often issue their own company cards ( fuel cards or fleet cards) and may charge higher prices. In some cases, fuel cards for customers with
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#1732868873046852-402: A single pipe for every dispenser. This pipe houses a number of smaller pipes for the individual fuel types. Fuel tanks, dispenser and nozzles used to fill car tanks employ vapor recovery systems, which prevents releases of vapor into the atmosphere with a system of pipes. The exhausts are placed as high as possible. A vapor recovery system may be employed at the exhaust pipe. This system collects
923-456: A small selection of grocery items, such as milk or eggs. Some also sell propane or butane and have added shops to their primary business. Conversely, some chain stores , such as supermarkets , discount stores , warehouse clubs , or traditional convenience stores, have provided fuel pumps on the premises. In North America the fuel is known as "gasoline" or "gas" for short, and the terms " gas station " and " service station " are used in
994-421: A special membership card to be eligible for the discounted price, or pay only with the chain's cash card , debt card or a credit card issuer exclusive to that chain. In some areas, such as New Jersey , this practice is illegal, and stations are required to sell to all at the same price. Some convenience stores, such as 7-Eleven and Circle K , have co-branded their stations with one of the premium brands. After
1065-401: A variety of services, such as providing bottled water or tissues, and cleaning free of charge. But most have switched to self-service. Some large full-service stations have many services, such as tire pressure charging, automatic car washing, and self-cleaning. Some of them are free to gas customers who spend more than a certain amount. In the past, filling stations in the United States offered
1136-425: Is also known for having many places related to the origin of Jainism . The district has untapped reserves of resources including mica, coal, gold and iron ore. An early historic site near Jamui is the old Indpegarh fort, located in the village of Indpe to the south. At the turn of the 20th century, Jamui was described as being mostly "one long street, forming a continuation of the railway road". This main street
1207-617: Is at the filling station next to Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst in Wrightstown . New Jersey prohibited self-service in 1949, with the passage of "Retail Gasoline Dispensing Safety Act," after lobbying by service station owners. That laws states that "Because of the fire hazards directly associated with dispensing fuel, it is in the public interest that gasoline station operators have the control needed over that activity to ensure compliance with appropriate safety procedures, including turning off vehicle engines and refraining from smoking while fuel
1278-435: Is dispensed." Proponents of the prohibition cite safety and jobs as reasons to keep the ban. Of note, the ban does not apply to the pumping of diesel fuel at filling stations (though individual filling stations may prohibit this); nor does it apply to the pumping of gasoline into boats or aircraft. Oregon prohibited self-service in a 1951 statute prohibiting that listed 17 different justifications, including flammability ,
1349-435: Is pay-at-pump only. Customers at the supermarket will receive a discount voucher which offers discounted fuel at their forecourt. The amount of discount varies depending on the amount spent on groceries at the supermarket, but normally starts at 4 cents a litre. In New Zealand, BP has an app for smartphones that detects a user's location, then allows one to select the type of fuel, which pump, and how much to spend. The amount
1420-475: Is some evidence that living near a filling station is a risk for childhood leukemia . In addition to long-term exposure, there are bursts of short-term exposures to benzene when tanker trucks deliver fuel. High levels of benzene have been detected near stations across urban, suburban, and rural environments, though the causes (such as road traffic or congestion) can vary by location. Gas station attendants have suffered adverse health consequences depending on
1491-547: Is still known as Esso (the forerunner company name, Standard Oil or S.O.) in many places, most noticeably in Canada and Singapore. In Brazil, the main operators are Vibra Energia and Ipiranga , but Esso and Shell ( Raízen ) are also present. In Mexico, the historical monopoly filling station operator, and still the largest, is Pemex , but ever since Mexico's energy laws were gradually liberalized starting from 2013, foreign brands such as Shell, BP , Mobil and Chevron , as well as
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#17328688730461562-463: Is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district . The English word is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to
1633-829: Is the government-owned Pertamina , although other companies such as TotalEnergies and Shell are increasingly found in big cities such as the capital Jakarta or Surabaya . In Taiwan, the government-owned CPC Corporation is the dominant player by number of stations, with the privately owned and operated Formosa Petrochemical Corporation and NPC [ zh ] respectively in second and third place. Some companies, such as Shell, use their brand worldwide, however, Chevron uses its inherited brand Caltex in Asia Pacific, Australia and Africa, and its Texaco brand in Europe and Latin America. ExxonMobil uses its Exxon and Mobil brands but
1704-454: Is the norm in the US and customers may typically pay either at the pump or inside the gas station. Modern stations have pay-at-the-pump functions: in most cases credit, debit , ATM cards, fuel cards and fleet cards are accepted. Occasionally a station will have a pay-at-the-pump-only period per day, when attendants are not present, often at night, and some stations are pay-at-the-pump only 24 hours
1775-434: Is then deducted from the user's account. In British Columbia and Alberta, it is a legal requirement that customers either pre-pay for the fuel or pay at the pump. The law is called "Grant's Law" and is intended to prevent "gas-and-dash" crimes, where a customer refuels and then drives away without paying for it. In other provinces, payment after filling is permitted and widely available, though some stations may require either
1846-510: The Lawson convenience store branding ). Previously, foreign filling station brands were also present in Japan: mainly Shell (operated by Idemitsu since its acquisition of Showa Shell Sekiyu in 2018–19, all rebranded to apollostation by 2023), Esso and Mobil (last operated by ENEOS Corporation under license from ExxonMobil, all rebranded to ENEOS in 2019). Most service stations allow the customer to pump
1917-466: The United Kingdom , and Ireland , the term " service station " describes any petrol station; Australians and New Zealanders also call it a " servo ". In India , Pakistan and Bangladesh , it is called a " petrol pump " or a " petrol bunk ". In Japanese , a commonly used term is gasoline stand although the abbreviation SS (for service station ) is also used. The first known filling station
1988-684: The United States , Canada , and the Caribbean. In some regions of Canada, the term " gas bar " (or "gasbar") is used. In the rest of the English-speaking world the fuel is known as "petrol", and the term " petrol station " or " petrol pump " is used. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand and South Africa " garage " and " forecourt " are still commonly used. Similarly, in Australia , New Zealand ,
2059-420: The central nervous system , and chlorinated solvents can cause liver and kidney problems. Benzene in particular causes leukemia and is associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma . People who work in filling stations, live near them, or attend school close to them are exposed to fumes and are at increased lifetime risk of cancer, with risk increased if there are multiple stations nearby. There
2130-533: The 1980s in Eastern Europe and especially in Soviet Union, but they were not built in other parts of Europe due to the stations' lack of safety in case of fire. The construction model for underground modular filling station makes the installation time shorter, designing easier and manufacturing less expensive. As a proof of the model's installation speed an unofficial world record of filling station installation
2201-677: The Bihar-Jharkhand border, Jamui is dotted with hills and the small retreat town of Simultala falls within the Jhajha block, on the main Delhi-Howrah rail line. The town of Gidhaur , situated 17 kilometres (11 mi) away was the seat of kings during the British Raj and many buildings from the period still survive. Minto Tower in Gidhaur is a prime example of architecture from the period. Jamui district
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2272-462: The Gulf Oil company was sold to Chevron, northeastern retail units were sold off as a chain, with Cumberland Farms controlling the remaining Gulf Oil outlets in the United States. Some countries have only one brand of filling station. In Malaysia, Shell is the dominant player by number of stations, with government-owned Petronas coming in second. In Indonesia, the dominant player by number of stations
2343-508: The Jain tradition for a long past to the present time. A large part of this area is covered by forest. There are mainly two hypotheses which have been mentioned by historians regarding the origin of the name of the district Jamui. The first hypothesis said that the name of Jamui derived from "Jambhiya Gram" or "Jribhikgram" village, which has the place of attaining ‘Omniscience’ ( Kevala Jnana ) of Vardhaman Mahavira and according to another hypothesis
2414-607: The Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to the inhabitants) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from a sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which
2485-533: The Spanish term ayuntamiento , referring to a municipality's administration building, is extended via synecdoche to denote the municipality itself. In Moldova and Romania , both municipalities ( municipiu ; urban administrative units) and communes ( comună ; rural units) exist, and a commune may be part of a municipality. In many countries, comparable entities may exist with various names. Filling station A filling station (also known as
2556-634: The abolition of the Special Petroleum Law, which led to the deregulation of the petroleum industry in Japan. Under current safety regulations, while motorists are able to self-dispense fuel at self-service stations, generally identified in Japanese as serufu ( セルフ ) , at least one fuel attendant must be on hand to keep watch over potential safety violations and to render assistance to motorists whenever necessary. Filling stations in South Korea offer
2627-525: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,
2698-400: The constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to
2769-409: The cost-per-acre to rehabilitate the land is higher; the total cost in the United States is not known but is in the billions of dollars. Individual cleanups may be complex, with some in Canada taking decades and costing millions of dollars both for the cleanup efforts and in legal fees to determine whether individuals, governments, or corporations are liable for costs. The cost of potential cleanup of
2840-644: The country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640 ). It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Grain and timber play important roles in Jamui's economy. Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it
2911-463: The country's largest convenience store chain Oxxo , have also started operating filling stations. In the United Kingdom, the three largest are BP, Esso and Shell; the "Big Four" supermarket chains, Morrisons , Sainsbury's , Asda and Tesco , also operate filling stations, as well as some smaller supermarket chains such as The Co-operative Group and Waitrose . In Poland, the three largest operators are
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2982-579: The country. In the mid-1960s in Moscow there were about 250 stations. A significant boost in retail network development occurred with the mass launch of the car " Zhiguli " at the Volga Automobile Plant , which was built in Tolyatti in 1970. Gasoline for other than non-private cars was sold for ration cards only. This type of payment system stopped in the midst of perestroika in the early 1990s. Since
3053-469: The data from the dispenser may be transmitted via RS-232 , RS-485 or Ethernet to the point of sale, usually inside the filling station's building, and fed into the station's cash register operating system. The cash register system gives a limited control over the gasoline pump, and is usually limited to allowing the clerks to turn the pumps on and off. A separate system is used to monitor the fuel tank's status and quantities of fuel. With sensors directly in
3124-427: The district board, and north of the park was a large tank, which had been de-silted in 1951 as a way to give employment to people who were struggling due to general economic shortages. The Nehru maidan , across from the dak bungalow, had been named after Jawaharlal Nehru , who had given an address here at one point. The Gilani Girls' M. E. School, established in 1939 and named after the presiding subdivisional officer at
3195-524: The dual Shell- Coles Express branding). Smaller operators include Costco , Liberty Oil , Seven & i Holdings (operates servos under the 7-Eleven convenience store branding) and Shell Australia . In India, the three major operators are the state-owned Hindustan Petroleum , Bharat Petroleum and Indian Oil Corporation , which together control approximately 87% of the market. Foreign brands such as BP (joint venture with Reliance Industries , branded as Jio-bp ) and Shell are also present. In Japan,
3266-536: The first self-service station opened in Winnipeg , Manitoba , in 1949. It was operated by the independent company Henderson Thriftway Petroleum, owned by Bill Henderson. In New Jersey, filling stations offer only full service (and mini service); attendants there are required to pump gasoline for customers. Customers, in fact, are prohibited by law from pumping their own gasoline. The only exception to this within New Jersey
3337-516: The first to distribute free road maps. The first alternative fuel station was opened in San Diego , California , by Pearson Fuels in 2003. Maryland officials said that on September 26, 2019, RS Automotive in Takoma Park , Maryland became the first filling station in the country to convert to an EV charging station . The majority of filling stations are built in a similar manner, with most of
3408-616: The four major operators are: Cosmo Oil , Idemitsu (under the brand names apollostation and Idemitsu ), ENEOS Corporation (under the brand names ENEOS , Express and General ) and San-Ai Oil (under the brand name Kygnus ). Smaller operators include: Japan Agricultural Cooperatives (under the brand name JA-SS [ ja ] , except in Hokkaido where the brand name is Hokuren-SS ( ホクレンSS ) operated by Hokuren Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives [ ja ] ) and Mitsubishi Group (operates self-service stations under
3479-411: The fuel before paying. In recent years, some service stations have required customers to purchase their fuel first. In some small towns, the customer may hand the cash to the attendant on the forecourt if they are paying for a set amount of fuel and have no change; but usually customers will enter the service centre to pay a cashier. Some supermarkets have their own forecourts which are unmanned and payment
3550-566: The fuel tank, the data is fed to a terminal in the back room, where it can be downloaded or printed out. Sometimes this method is bypassed, with the fuel tank data transmitted directly to an external database. The underground modular filling station is a construction model for filling stations that was developed and patented by U-Cont Oy Ltd in Finland in 1993. Afterwards the same system was used in Florida , US. Above-ground modular stations were built in
3621-424: The fueling installation underground, pump machines in the forecourt and a point of service inside a building. Single or multiple fuel tanks are usually deployed underground. Local regulations and environmental concerns may require a different method, with some stations storing their fuel in container tanks, entrenched surface tanks or unprotected fuel tanks deployed on the surface. Fuel is usually offloaded from
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#17328688730463692-649: The major petroleum companies. Lower-priced stations are also found at some supermarkets ( Albertsons , Kroger , Big Y , Ingles , Lowes Foods , Giant , Weis Markets , Safeway , Hy-Vee , Vons , Meijer , Loblaws/Real Canadian Superstore , and Giant Eagle ), convenience stores ( 7-Eleven , Circle K , Cumberland Farms , QuickChek , Road Ranger , Sheetz , Speedway and Wawa ), discount stores ( Walmart , Canadian Tire ) and warehouse clubs ( Costco , Sam's Club , and BJ's Wholesale Club ). At some stations (such as Vons , Costco gas stations, BJ's Wholesale Club , or Sam's Club ), consumers are required to hold
3763-589: The monsoon rains, the Kiul can become very powerful and turbulent, and in 1949 it flooded and destroyed the bridge northeast of Jamui. Jamui is well connected to the rest of the country via road while the Delhi-Howrah rail line is 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) away at Mallepur (Malaypur railway station is also known as Jamui railway station). Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport in Patna is about 161 kilometres (100 mi) and Gaya Airport 136 kilometres (85 mi) away. Situated along
3834-465: The motoring public in Pittsburgh on December 1, 1913, at Baum Boulevard and St Clair's Street. Prior to this, automobile drivers pulled into almost any general or hardware store, or even blacksmith shops in order to fill up their tanks. On its first day, the station sold 30 US gallons (110 L) of gasoline at 27 cents per gallon (7 cents per litre). This was also the first architect-designed station and
3905-543: The name Jamui is originated from Jambuwani. Jamui is located at 24°55′N 86°13′E / 24.92°N 86.22°E / 24.92; 86.22 . It has an average elevation of 78 metres (255 feet). Jamui is located in a transitional zone between the vast, fertile Gangetic plain to the north and the hilly margins of the Chota Nagpur plateau to the south. The Kiul River , which flows by Jamui's east side, has its headwaters in this upland region. During
3976-429: The partially state-owned PKN Orlen (including acquisitions Grupa Lotos and PGNiG ), followed by Shell and BP. Smaller operators include Auchan , AVIA International [ de ] , Circle K , MOL Group and Żabka . In Australia, the major operators are Ampol , BP, Chevron Australia ( Caltex ), EG Australia , ExxonMobil Australia (Mobil), Puma Energy , United Petroleum and Viva Energy (mostly under
4047-404: The pavement, as little of it as possible should remain. Any liquids present on the forecourt will flow into a channel drain before it enters a petrol interceptor which is designed to capture any hydrocarbon pollutants and filter these from rainwater which may then proceed to a sanitary sewer , stormwater drain , or to ground. If a filling station allows customers to pay at the dispenser,
4118-451: The region. As of 2011 India census , Jamui had a population of 87,357. Males constitute 52.6% of the population and females 47.26%. Jamui has an average literacy rate of 64.33%, lower than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 57.39%, and female literacy is 42.6%. In Jamui, 16.22% of the population is under 6 years of age. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Jamui one of
4189-620: The risk of crime from customers leaving their vehicles, toxic fumes, and the jobs created by requiring mini service. In 1982 Oregon voters rejected a ballot measure sponsored by the service station owners, which would have legalized self-service. Oregon legislators passed a bill that was signed into law by the Governor in May 2017 to allow self-service for counties with a total population of 40,000 or less beginning in January 2018. Governor Tina Kotek passed
4260-493: The saturation of automobile filling stations in Russia is insufficient and lags behind the leading countries of the world, there is a need to accommodate new stations in the cities and along the roads of different levels. The increase in automobile ownership after Henry Ford started to sell automobiles that the middle class could afford resulted in an increased demand for filling stations. The world's first purpose-built gas station
4331-422: The surrounding soil and water, posing health risks. Areas formerly occupied by stations are often contaminated, resulting in brownfields and urban blight . Underground storage tanks (USTs) were typically made of steel and were common in the United States, but were prone to corrosion. They received national attention in 1983 after an episode of 60 Minutes documented significant drinking water contamination from
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#17328688730464402-516: The tanks within vehicles and calculate the financial cost of the fuel transferred to the vehicle. Besides gasoline pumps, one other significant device which is also found in filling stations and can refuel certain (compressed-air) vehicles is an air compressor , although generally these are just used to inflate car tires . Many filling stations provide convenience stores , which may sell convenience food , beverages , tobacco products, lottery tickets , newspapers , magazines , and, in some cases,
4473-477: The time, had been built in front of the police thana. A public library, the Gandhi Adhyayan Mandal, had also been built. Other buildings included a first-grade college, a state-run hospital, and an "electric power house". A filling station had been set up along the main road, and motor vehicle traffic was becoming increasingly heavy. Various passenger buses, connecting Jamui with Munger and other places in
4544-416: The type of fuel used, exposure to vehicle exhaust, and types of personal protective equipment (PPE) offered. Studies have noted higher levels of chromosomal deletions and higher rates of miscarriage , and workers have reported headaches, fatigue, throat irritation and depression. Exposure to exhaust and fumes has been associated with eye irritation, nausea, dizziness, and cough. Gasoline can leak into
4615-441: The vapors, liquefies them and releases them back into the lowest grade fuel tank available. The forecourt is the part of a filling station where vehicles are refueled. Gasoline pumps are placed on concrete plinths, as a precautionary measure against collision by motor vehicles. Additional elements may be employed, including metal barriers. The area around the gasoline pumps must have a drainage system. Since fuel sometimes spills onto
4686-413: The west end of town was a distillery. After a flood on the Kiul in 1949 destroyed the bridge northeast of town, a new one was built. By 1960, there were a cooperative bank and boys' high school at the northeast of town, near the subdivisional office. To the east of the subdivisional office was a children's park, which had been built in 1950. East of the children's park was a dak bungalow maintained by
4757-696: Was constructed in St. Louis , Missouri , in 1905 at 420 South Theresa Avenue. The second station was constructed in 1907 by Standard Oil of California (now Chevron ) in Seattle , Washington , at what is now Pier 32. Reighard's Gas Station in Altoona , Pennsylvania claims that it dates from 1909 and is the oldest existing filling station in the United States. Early on, they were known to motorists as "filling stations" and often washed vehicle windows for free. The first "drive-in" filling station, Gulf Refining Company , opened to
4828-432: Was lined with shops and shopkeepers' houses. Secondary streets branched off at right angles and led to the residential parts of town. The Jamui Subdivision office was located at the northeast end of town, in a plain masonry building. About half a kilometre to the southwest was an open space, where the police station stood. A couple buildings away from the police station was the dispensary , which had been completed in 1874. At
4899-565: Was located on Ana Costa Avenue, in front of the beach, in a corner that is located by the Hotel Atlântico, which occupies its area nowadays. It was owned by Esso and brought by Antonio Duarte Moreira, a taxi entrepreneur. In Russia , the first filling stations appeared in 1911, when the Imperial Automobile Society signed an agreement with the partnership "Br. Nobel". By 1914 about 440 stations functioned in major cities across
4970-601: Was made by U-Cont Oy Ltd when a modular filling station was built in Helsinki, Finland in less than three days, including groundwork. The safety of modular filling stations has been tested in a filling station simulator, in Kuopio , Finland. These tests have included for instance burning cars and explosions in the station simulator. Gasoline contains a mixture of BTEX hydrocarbons ( benzene , toluene , ethylbenzene , xylenes ). Prolonged exposure to toluene can cause permanent damage to
5041-592: Was the city pharmacy in Wiesloch , Germany , where Bertha Benz refilled the tank of the first automobile on its maiden trip from Mannheim to Pforzheim back in 1888. Shortly thereafter other pharmacies sold gasoline as a side business. Since 2008 the Bertha Benz Memorial Route commemorates this event. The first " posto de gasolina " of South America was opened in Santos, São Paulo , Brazil, in 1920. It
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