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161-452: The organization was founded by actor Sean Penn in the wake of the 2010 Haiti earthquake . J/P stood for Jenkins-Penn, a reference to Sanela Diana Jenkins , whose foundation supported initial relief efforts with Penn. Before starting the organization, Penn had never visited Haiti and did not speak French or Creole . When asked for his comment on his critics, he said he hopes they "die screaming of rectal cancer". In 2011, Penn said that he had

322-560: A cold front . Matthew set several records during its long and destructive journey. Matthew intensified into a Category 5 hurricane at a latitude of 13.4 degrees north, breaking the record set by Ivan in 2004, which had reached that intensity at a latitude of 13.7 degrees north. Matthew also maintained at least Category 4 status for the longest duration on record for the month of October, according to Phil Klotzbach of Colorado State University , doing so for roughly 5 days. On September 27, prior to Matthew becoming

483-476: A tropical wave that emerged off Africa on September 22, Matthew developed into a tropical storm just east of the Lesser Antilles on September 28. It became a hurricane north of Venezuela and Colombia on September 29, before undergoing explosive intensification , ultimately reaching Category 5 intensity on October 1 with peak 1-minute sustained winds of 165 mph. This strength

644-449: A tsunami warning immediately after the initial quake, but quickly cancelled it. Nearly two weeks later it was reported that the beach of the small fishing town of Petit Paradis was hit by a localised tsunami shortly after the earthquake, probably as a result of an underwater landslide, and this was later confirmed by researchers. At least three people were swept out to sea by the wave and were reported dead. Witnesses told reporters that

805-479: A " guesstimate ", and Belgian disaster response expert Claude de Ville de Goyet noted that " round numbers are a sure sign that nobody knows." Edmond Mulet , UN Assistant Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations , said, "I do not think we will ever know what the death toll is from this earthquake", while the director of the Haitian Red Cross, Jean-Pierre Guiteau, noted that his organization had not had

966-498: A "roving ambassador" for Haiti, also pleaded for aid and donations. Images and testimonials circulating after the earthquake across the internet and through social media helped to intensify the reaction of global engagement. Many countries responded to the appeals and launched fund-raising efforts, as well as sending search and rescue teams. The neighbouring Dominican Republic was the first country to give aid to Haiti, sending water, food and heavy-lifting machinery. The hospitals in

1127-513: A 24-hour period beginning at 00:00 UTC on September 30, the cyclone's maximum winds more than doubled, from 80 to 165 mph (129 to 266 km/h), making Matthew a Category 5 hurricane, the first since Felix in 2007; the rate of intensification has only been exceeded a few times in the Atlantic since records began. Due to upwelling of cooler waters, Matthew weakened to a Category 4 hurricane later on October 1, before attaining

1288-449: A Category 1 hurricane on the morning of October 8. Matthew re-emerged into the Atlantic shortly afterward, eventually completing its transition into an extratropical cyclone as it turned away from Cape Hatteras , North Carolina on October 9. The remnants of Matthew continued to accelerate towards Canada where it was absorbed by a cold front. Widespread effects were felt from Matthew across its destructive path, however,

1449-488: A Category 2 hurricane late on October 7 and then to a Category 1 hurricane by 12:00 UTC on October 8. Around 15:00 UTC on October 8, the hurricane made landfall at Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge , near McClellanville, South Carolina , with winds of 85 mph (137 km/h) and a central pressure of 963 mbar (28.4 inHg), which made it the strongest to strike

1610-753: A boulder broke loose. In nearby Buccament Bay, a river overtopped its banks, prompting at least 25 people to evacuate to emergency shelters. The Hermitage River rose by at least 3.6 ft (1.1 m) in one hour, and as a precautionary measure, the Central Water and Sewage Authority shut off all water service. Flooding also took place in Vermont, South Rivers, sections of Kingstown, Campden Park, Arnos Vale, and Langley Park. Debris deposited by flooded rivers rendered many roads impassable. Strong winds in excess of 60 mph (97 km/h) downed many trees and power lines on St. Lucia , leaving roughly 70 percent of

1771-553: A cluster of smaller satellites which study hurricanes, were delayed due to the suspension of operations during Matthew. Over 250,000 customers were left without power in Georgia after Hurricane Matthew affected the area. Roads were also blocked in the Brunswick, Georgia , area, where all access points to St. Simons Island were rendered impassable. Across South Carolina, at least 600,000 individuals lost power, where significant flooding

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1932-406: A complaint that Penn and CORE violated federal labor law. According to the charge, Penn "impliedly threatened" his employees with reprisals. A 2021 California lawsuit sought civil damages, claiming that CORE failed o pay overtime and minimum wges, provide rest periods, reimburse for business expenses, provide detailed wage statements, and timely pay employees. CORE repeatedly delayed court deadlines in

2093-541: A depth of 13 km (8.1 mi) on blind thrust faults associated with the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault system and lasted less than 30 seconds. There is no evidence of surface rupture; based on seismological, geological and ground deformation data, it is also thought that the earthquake did not involve significant lateral slip on the main Enriquillo fault. Strong shaking associated with intensity IX on

2254-604: A facility in St. Catherine Parish to another in Kingston . Toll fees along Highway 2000 were to be waived during the hours before Matthew's arrival. Service at both Norman Manley International Airport and Sangster International Airport was scheduled to be suspended during the evening of October 2 or by the morning of October 3. The Jamaica Urban Transit Company scheduled to suspend services beginning at 6:00 p.m. local time. The Jamaica Public Service informed residents that

2415-431: A federal state of emergency for Florida, later extending to include Georgia and South Carolina. Florida's governor Rick Scott urged over 1.5 million people to evacuate, with Hurricane Matthew expected to make landfall by the evening of that day. Several news anchors also issued dire warnings urging Floridians to evacuate. That same day, Georgia governor Nathan Deal ordered a mandatory evacuation for all areas of

2576-734: A field hospital and provide assistance in Port-au-Prince and other affected areas in Haiti. A rescue team sent by the Israel Defense Forces ' Home Front Command established a field hospital near the United Nations building in Port-au-Prince with specialised facilities to treat children, the elderly, and women in labor. It was set up in eight hours and began operations on the evening of 16 January. A Korean International Disaster Relief Team with 40 rescuers, medical doctors, nurses and 2 k-9s

2737-447: A gust of 136 mph (219 km/h) was observed atop a 500 ft (150 m) tower. The facility suffered several million dollars-worth of damage, though overall impacts were less than anticipated. The roof of Operations Support Building II broke, and rainwater damaged the interior. Air conditioning was lost throughout Launch Complex 39 as well. The planned launches of GOES-R , NOAA's next generation weather satellite, and CYGNSS ,

2898-400: A large field outside the settlement of Titanyen , north of the capital; tens of thousands of bodies were reported as having been brought to the site by dump truck and buried in trenches dug by earth movers . Max Beauvoir , a Vodou priest, protested the lack of dignity in mass burials, stating, "... it is not in our culture to bury people in such a fashion, it is desecration". Towns in

3059-414: A lifelong commitment to Haiti, and that when he was not working he would be in the country. J/P HRO changed its name to CORE (Community Organized Relief Effort) in 2019 as it expanded its relief efforts beyond Haiti. The organization added Ann Lee as an honorary co-founder. As of June 2020, CORE employs nearly 1,000 people working on COVID-19 response at 45 testing sites, including 10 mobile sites, across

3220-490: A matter of some dispute. The government of Haiti estimated that 250,000 residences and 30,000 commercial buildings had collapsed or were severely damaged. Haiti's history of national debt , prejudicial trade policies by other countries, and foreign intervention into national affairs contributed to the existing poverty and poor housing conditions that increased the death toll from the disaster. The earthquake caused major damage in Port-au-Prince, Jacmel and other cities in

3381-834: A mobile donation initiative with Mobile Accord to raise over $ 2 million within the first 24 hours after the earthquake. Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders; MSF) reported that the hospitals that had not been destroyed were overwhelmed by large numbers of seriously injured people. The hospitals had to perform many amputations. Running short of medical supplies, some teams had to work with any available resources, constructing splints out of cardboard and reusing latex gloves. Other rescue units had to withdraw as night fell, amid security fears. Over 3,000 people had been treated by Médecins Sans Frontières as of 18 January. Ophelia Dahl , director of Partners in Health , reported, "there are hundreds of thousands of injured people. I have heard

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3542-555: A municipal bridge in the city of Moa that was damaged by Hurricane Matthew collapsed, killing four employees of Canadian mining company Sherritt International . The employees were undertaking repairs to restore access between Moa and a mining site. Experiencing a direct hit from the eyewall of Matthew, Grand Bahama suffered extensive damage. An estimated 95 percent of homes in Eight Mile Rock and Holmes Rock sustained severe damage. Numerous trees and power lines were toppled by

3703-517: A nasopharyngeal or oral swab via drive-through or walk-up testing. The organization is currently developing a contact tracing program as well. CORE held a fundraiser for its work fighting COVID in Brazil after CORE had closed operations in the country. Funds raised from its efforts were held by the organization, used to pay staff salaries, and not directed to the region for six months. CORE staff complained that they were forced to work 18-hour days, six days

3864-407: A nominal sum. The clinics also led broad public education campaigns on good health and hygiene practice. CORE has frequent turnover of its financial management staff, who have reported that the organization lacks the necessary accounting processes to handle the funds it receives. A 2020 independent audit identified seven areas of concern. At least one previous staff was received a salary after leaving

4025-643: A number of well-known Haitian musicians and sports figures, including thirty members of the Fédération Haïtienne de Football . At least 85 United Nations personnel working with MINUSTAH were killed, among them the Mission Chief, Hédi Annabi , his deputy, Luiz Carlos da Costa , and police commissioner Douglas Coates. Around 200 guests were killed in the collapse of the Hôtel Montana in Port-au-Prince. On 31 May 2011, an unreleased draft report based on

4186-539: A pressure of 934 millibars (27.6 inHg), making it the strongest to hit Haiti since Cleo in 1964. Continuing northward, the hurricane struck Maisí in Cuba early on October 5 as a slightly weaker storm. Cuba's and Haiti's mountainous terrain weakened Matthew to Category 3 status, as it began to accelerate northwestwards through the Bahamas . Restrengthening occurred as Matthew's circulation became better organized, with

4347-507: A result of hurricane flooding. The North Carolina section reopened October 17. After 10 in (25 cm) of rain fell in Cumberland , Harnett , Hoke , Moore and Robeson Counties on September 28 causing flooding, Matthew dumped another 10 to 14 in (25 to 36 cm). As a result, the Lumber River reached a record 24 ft (7.3 m) in the south end of Lumberton , breaking

4508-554: A second one in Cuba later that day. Matthew weakened somewhat but re-intensified as it tracked northwest, making landfall in the northern Bahamas . The storm then paralleled the coast of the southeastern United States over the next 36 hours, gradually weakening while remaining just offshore before making its fourth and final landfall over the Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge near McClellanville , South Carolina as

4669-473: A secondary peak intensity with winds of 155 mph (249 km/h) late on October 2. Slowly rounding the ridge, Matthew fluctuated in intensity within the Category ;4 range from October 1–5. Intensification resumed again late on October 3 and culminated when Matthew made landfall near Les Anglais , Haiti , around 11:00 UTC on October 4 with winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and

4830-621: A similar effort with Cuban refugees in the 1960s named " Pedro Pan ". On 29 January 2010, a group of ten American Baptist missionaries from Idaho attempted to cross the Haiti-Dominican Republic border with 33 Haitian children. The group, known as the New Life Children's Refuge , did not have proper authorization for transporting the children and were arrested on kidnapping charges. The Canadian government worked to expedite around 100 adoption cases that were already underway when

4991-471: A song by Sia , co-written by Dua Lipa and performed during the online COVID Is No Joke live comedy fest hosted by Americares during the COVID-19 pandemic , benefits AmeriCares and CORE. 2010 Haiti earthquake The 2010 Haiti earthquake was a catastrophic magnitude 7.0 M w earthquake that struck Haiti at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC ) on Tuesday, 12 January 2010. The epicenter

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5152-605: A study published in May 2010 suggested that the rupture process may have involved slip on multiple blind thrust faults with only minor, deep, lateral slip along or near the main Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone, suggesting that the event only partially relieved centuries of accumulated left-lateral strain on a small part of the plate-boundary system. The rupture was roughly 65 km (40 mi) long with mean slip of 1.8 metres (5 ft 11 in). Preliminary analysis of

5313-454: A survey commissioned by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) challenged the Haiti earthquake death toll and several damage estimates. The unpublished report put the death toll between 46,000 and 85,000 and put the number of displaced persons at 895,000, of which only 375,000 remained in temporary shelters. The unreleased report, which compiled its figures from a door-to-door survey,

5474-563: A swollen river in Uribia ; 1.29 in (32.8 mm) of rain fell in 30 minutes in the town. Rainfall in Cartagena reached 8.7 in (222 mm) during a 24-hour span and Santa Marta saw 5.5 in (140 mm). Along coastal areas of the peninsula, large swells damaged buildings, prompting the evacuation of 380 people in Manaure . Roughly 70 percent of Tucurinca flooded when

5635-493: A thousand bodies had been placed on the streets and pavements. Government crews collected thousands more by truck, burying them in mass graves. In the heat and humidity, corpses buried in rubble began to decompose and smell. Mati Goldstein, head of the Israeli ZAKA International Rescue Unit delegation to Haiti, described the situation as " Shabbat from hell. Everywhere, the acrid smell of bodies hangs in

5796-581: A tropical cyclone, LIAT began cancelling flights across the Windward Islands in anticipation of squally weather. Schools and businesses were closed for the duration of Matthew's passage on September 27 and 28 on Grenada , St. Vincent and St. Lucia; schools in Dominica suspended classes until October 3. Hewanorra International Airport and George F. L. Charles Airport on St. Lucia were closed on September 28. Six shelters were opened across

5957-484: A week, without the opportunity to take breaks. Responding to the staff concerns, Penn excoriated the employees, writing in an email that "in every cell of my body is a vitriol for the way your actions reflect so harmfully upon your brothers and sisters in arms". Penn suggested that employees leave their work instead of complaining about conditions. In October 2021, the National Labor Relations Board issued

6118-620: Is Haitian Creole . As a result, a mobile translation program to translate between English and Haitian Creole had to be written quickly. The generation of waste from relief operations was referred to as a "second disaster". The United States military reported that millions of water bottles and styrofoam food packages were distributed although there was no operational waste management system. Over 700,000 plastic tarpaulins and 100,000 tents were required for emergency shelters. The increase in plastic waste, combined with poor disposal practices, resulted in open drainage channels being blocked, increasing

6279-524: Is no stranger to natural disasters. In addition to earthquakes, it has been struck frequently by tropical cyclones, which have caused flooding and widespread damage. The most recent cyclones to hit the island before the earthquake were Tropical Storm Fay and hurricanes Gustav , Hanna and Ike , all in the summer of 2008, causing nearly 800 deaths. The magnitude 7.0 M w earthquake occurred inland, on 12 January 2010 at 16:53 (UTC−05:00), approximately 25 km (16 mi) WSW from Port-au-Prince at

6440-576: Is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and is ranked 149th of 182 countries on the Human Development Index . The Australian government's travel advisory site had previously expressed concerns that Haitian emergency services would be unable to cope in the event of a major disaster, and the country is considered "economically vulnerable" by the Food and Agriculture Organization . Haiti

6601-701: The 1692 Jamaica earthquake . Paul Mann and a group including the 2006 study team presented a hazard assessment of the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault system to the 18th Caribbean Geologic Conference in March 2008, noting the large strain; the team recommended "high priority" historical geologic rupture studies, as the fault was fully locked and had recorded few earthquakes in the preceding 40 years. An article published in Haiti's Le Matin newspaper in September 2008 cited comments by geologist Patrick Charles to

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6762-556: The 2016 Atlantic hurricane season . It caused extensive damage to landmasses in the Greater Antilles , and severe damage in several islands of the Bahamas which were still recovering from Joaquin , which had pounded the archipelago nearly a year earlier. Matthew also approached the southeastern United States, but stayed just offshore, paralleling the Florida coastline. Originating from

6923-617: The 2016 general election until October 5. Government offices in Aruba closed for September 30. A local sporting event, the Kingdom Tournament, was canceled in Aruba. Schools across the Guajira Peninsula of Colombia suspended activities for September 30. Officials opened shelters and closed beaches across the peninsula. With Matthew posing a significant threat to Jamaica , emergency officials ordered all fishermen on

7084-481: The Magdalena River overtopped its banks; a nearby bridge collapsed, isolating some communities. Approximately 73,000 people were affected by the floods. The dangerous conditions produced by Matthew prevented thousands of people from voting in a peace agreement referendum . Jamaica suffered relatively minor effects, characteristic of tropical storm conditions. Along the coast, rip currents and beach erosion

7245-726: The Modified Mercalli scale (MM) was recorded in Port-au-Prince and its suburbs. It was also felt in several surrounding countries and regions, including Cuba (MM III in Guantánamo ), Jamaica (MM II in Kingston ), Venezuela (MM II in Caracas ), Puerto Rico (MM II–III in San Juan ), and the bordering Dominican Republic (MM III in Santo Domingo ). According to estimates from the U.S. Geological Survey , approximately 3.5 million people lived in

7406-469: The National Arena . Local Minister Desmond McKenzie warned that the infrastructure of Kingston would be unable to handle the magnitude of rainfall expected. Prime Minister Andrew Holness warned residents that Matthew could be more severe than Hurricane Gilbert which devastated the nation in 1988. Though forecast to pass over Jamaica at the time, the large extent of tropical storm-force winds prompted

7567-704: The National Centers for Environmental Information , damage from Matthew across the United States reached approximately $ 10 billion. This ranked it the costliest national disaster in the country for 2016 alongside record floods in Louisiana . As Hurricane Matthew traveled rapidly towards the southeastern region of the United States, it hit closely to the coasts of Florida, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina. On October 7 in Fernandina Beach, Florida, there

7728-585: The North American plate . The strike-slip fault system in the region has two branches in Haiti, the Septentrional-Oriente fault in the north and the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault in the south; both its location and focal mechanism suggested that the January 2010 quake was caused by a rupture of the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault, which had been locked for 250 years, gathering stress . However,

7889-551: The Turks and Caicos . Flights across southern islands were cancelled and schools suspended operations beginning the following day. On October 3, the governors of Florida and North Carolina declared a state of emergency . The next day, South Carolina governor Nikki Haley ordered an evacuation for those residents living within one hundred miles (160 km) of the coast. Interstate 26 in South Carolina eastbound between

8050-783: The United Nations noted that the emergency phase of the relief operation was drawing to a close, and on the following day, the Haitian government officially called off the search for survivors. The island of Hispaniola , shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic , is seismically active and has a history of destructive earthquakes . During Haiti's time as a French colony, earthquakes were recorded by French historian Moreau de Saint-Méry (1750–1819). He described damage done by an earthquake in 1751, writing that "only one masonry building had not collapsed" in Port-au-Prince; he also wrote that

8211-1281: The Washington Nationals and Los Angeles Dodgers was postponed due to rain from the hurricane. Matthew's post-tropical remains were absorbed into a frontal zone off the coast of North Carolina. The humidity of the tropical system was drawn into the storm that was formed then. The latter gave heavy rain and strong winds in Nova Scotia , Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland from October 10 to 11. In Nova Scotia, rain amounts were recorded from east to west as 8.85 in (224.8 mm) in Sydney ( Cape Breton Island ), 5.09 in (129.2 mm) in Port Hawkesbury , 4.50 in (114.4 mm) in Chéticamp , 4.05 in (102.8 mm) in Halifax , 3.263 in (82.88 mm) in Kentville, and 1.94 in (49.2 mm) in Yarmouth . Heavy rains and strong winds caused flooding and dangerous conditions, particularly in

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8372-520: The World Bank were destroyed. The building housing the offices of Citibank in Port-au-Prince collapsed, killing five employees. The clothing industry, which accounts for two-thirds of Haiti's exports, reported structural damage at manufacturing facilities. The quake created a landslide dam on the Rivière de Grand Goâve . As of February 2010 the water level was low, but engineer Yves Gattereau believed

8533-520: The "whole city collapsed" in the 1770 Port-au-Prince earthquake . Cap-Haïtien , other towns in the north of Haiti and the Dominican Republic, and the Sans-Souci Palace were destroyed during an earthquake on 7 May 1842 . A magnitude 8.0 earthquake struck the Dominican Republic and shook Haiti on 4 August 1946, producing a tsunami that killed 1,790 people and injured many others. Haiti

8694-649: The Children said: "The vast majority of the children currently on their own still have family members alive who will be desperate to be reunited with them and will be able to care for them with the right support. Taking children out of the country would permanently separate thousands of children from their families—a separation that would compound the acute trauma they are already suffering and inflict long-term damage on their chances of recovery." However, several organizations were planning an airlift of thousands of orphaned children to South Florida on humanitarian visas, modelled on

8855-604: The Colombia– Venezuela border to Riohacha . North Atlantic hurricanes affecting South America are uncommon. The watch in Colombia was later upgraded to a warning on September 30 as Matthew continued on a west-southwest track near the country. Residents across the ABC Islands were advised to board their homes and stock up on supplies, leading to long lines at supermarkets and gas stations. Curaçao's government postponed

9016-738: The Dominican Republic were made available; a combined effort of the Airports Department (DA), together with the Dominican Naval Auxiliaries, the UN and other parties formed the Dominican-Haitian Aerial Support Bridge, making the main Dominican airports available for support operations to Haiti. The Dominican website FlyDominicanRepublic.com made available to the internet, daily updates on airport information and news from

9177-503: The General Hospital in Port-au-Prince, claimed that misinformation and overblown reports of violence had hampered the delivery of aid and medical services. Former US president Bill Clinton acknowledged the problems and said Americans should "not be deterred from supporting the relief effort" by upsetting scenes such as those of looting. Lt. Gen. P.K. Keen , deputy commander of US Southern Command , however, announced that despite

9338-580: The IDP camps. On January 10, 2015, Penn held his fourth annual Sean Penn & Friends Help Haiti Home fundraiser in Beverly Hills , California, which raised over $ 6 million for the organization. The event featured many celebrities including former United States president Bill Clinton and performances by Coldplay 's Chris Martin and Red Hot Chili Peppers , who closed the event with a 30-minute set. The proceeds from downloading and streaming of " Saved My Life ",

9499-478: The National Hurricane Center was lying to the public about the intensity of the storm, stating that measurements from Nassau, Bahamas, did not match the 165 mph (266 km/h) gusts listed in public advisories. The tweets implied that the hurricane was not as dangerous as it seemed and that politicians were trying to " blame mankind ," referring to a blog posting about Hillary Clinton. This came on

9660-452: The Red Cross, community intervention teams, municipal committees, and local emergency services were readied to assist residents. At least 500 people were evacuated from Jérémie . Although civil protection officials took to the streets to warn people, many residents were unaware that Matthew was even approaching the country a day before its expected landfall. Evacuations continued through

9821-617: The St. Michel District Hospital in the southern town of Jacmel , which was the largest referral hospital in south-east Haiti. The quake seriously damaged the control tower at Toussaint L'Ouverture International Airport . Damage to the Port-au-Prince seaport rendered the harbor unusable for immediate rescue operations; its container crane subsided severely at an angle because of weak foundations. Gonaïves seaport in northern Haiti remained operational. Roads were blocked with road debris or

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9982-505: The US. Local and state agencies in South Florida , together with the US government, began implementing a plan ("Operation Vigilant Sentry") for a mass migration from the Caribbean that had been laid out in 2003. Several orphanages were destroyed in the earthquake. After the process for the adoption of 400 children by families in the US and the Netherlands was expedited, Unicef and SOS Children urged an immediate halt to adoptions from Haiti. Jasmine Whitbread, chief executive of Save

10143-495: The United States in terms of pressure since Irene in 2011, and the first hurricane to make landfall north of Florida in October since Hurricane Hazel in 1954. Convection became displaced from the center as Matthew pulled away from land due to increasing wind shear, with the NHC declaring the system an extratropical cyclone about 200 mi (320 km) east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina , on October 9. The remnants persisted for another day, before they were absorbed by

10304-466: The United States. In the aftermath of the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, J/P HRO employed nearly 350 people, 95 percent of whom were Haitian, to provide health, education and community development, and housing and economic opportunities. As of 2020, CORE employs a team of over 100 people in Haiti working to rebuild communities. CORE treated 500,000 patients at two community clinics following the earthquake, providing free emergency and primary medical care for

10465-455: The actual damages were up to $ 2.8 billion. Approximately 2.1 million people were affected by the storm, of whom 1.4 million (12 percent of Haiti's population) were left in need of assistance. Furthermore, roughly 175,000 people were left homeless. The Dominican Republic reported significant rainfall and coastal flooding due to Matthew. An automated weather station in Cabo Rojo measured 8.43 in (214 mm) of rain by

10626-522: The afternoon of October 3. Four people died after a house collapsed on top of them. Damage of the flooding were about RD$ 20 billion (US$ 434 million). Coastal flooding began in Granma Province, Cuba, on October 2, affecting three towns along the Sierra Maestras . Hurricane Matthew struck the easternmost province of Cuba during the evening of October 4 as a Category 4, causing tremendous damage. The coastal city of Baracoa suffered widespread damage from violent winds, and storm surge ,

10787-557: The air. It's just like the stories we are told of the Holocaust – thousands of bodies everywhere. You have to understand that the situation is true madness, and the more time passes, there are more and more bodies, in numbers that cannot be grasped. It is beyond comprehension." Mayor Jean-Yves Jason said that officials argued for hours about what to do with the volume of corpses. The government buried many in mass graves, some above-ground tombs were forced open so bodies could be stacked inside, and others were burned. Mass graves were dug in

10948-439: The area that experienced shaking intensity of MM VII to X, a range that can cause moderate to very heavy damage even to earthquake-resistant structures. Shaking damage was more severe than for other quakes of similar magnitude due to the quake's shallow depth. The quake occurred in the vicinity of the northern boundary where the Caribbean tectonic plate shifts eastwards by about 20 mm (0.79 in) per year in relation to

11109-631: The border for medical assistance would be allowed to stay only temporarily. A local governor stated, "We have a great desire and we will do everything humanly possible to help Haitian families. But we have our limitations with respect to food and medicine. We need the helping hand of other countries in the area." Slow distribution of resources in the days after the earthquake resulted in sporadic violence, with looting reported. There were also accounts of looters wounded or killed by vigilantes and neighbourhoods that had constructed their own roadblock barricades. Dr Evan Lyon of Partners in Health , working at

11270-504: The capital and undamaged. MINUSTAH had over 9,000 uniformed peacekeepers deployed to the area. Most of these workers were initially involved in the search for survivors at the organization's collapsed headquarters. The International Charter on Space and Major Disasters was activated, allowing satellite imagery of affected regions to be shared with rescue and aid organizations. Members of social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook spread messages and pleas to send help. Facebook

11431-485: The capital, collapsed, killing many, including the Mission's Chief, Hédi Annabi . Many countries responded to appeals for humanitarian aid , pledging funds and dispatching rescue and medical teams, engineers and support personnel. The most-watched telethon in history aired on 22 January, called " Hope for Haiti Now ", raising US$ 58 million by the next day. Communication systems, air, land, and sea transport facilities, hospitals, and electrical networks had been damaged by

11592-474: The city. Further casualties are thought to have been minimal since people had been sleeping in the open. There are concerns that the main earthquake could be the beginning of a new long-term sequence: "the whole region is fearful"; historical accounts, although not precise, suggest that there has been a sequence of quakes progressing westwards along the fault, starting with an earthquake in the Dominican Republic in 1751. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center issued

11753-546: The coast and Columbia was reversed on Wednesday to facilitate movement away from the Lowcountry and Charleston areas. Evacuations of Cape Lookout National Seashore in North Carolina began this day as well. By October 4, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory had ordered that evacuation be mandatory. A state of emergency was also declared for 13 counties in eastern Georgia . On October 5, Port Canaveral

11914-631: The coast because of predicted high wind speeds and flooding, especially in the Jacksonville Metropolitan Area. In Florida, over 1 million lost power as the storm passed to the east, with 478,000 losing power in Georgia and South Carolina. While damage was primarily confined to the coast in Florida and Georgia, torrential rains spread inland in the Carolinas and Virginia , causing widespread flooding. A vigorous tropical wave moved off

12075-508: The coast of Africa on September 22 and moved rapidly across the Atlantic, being monitored by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) for possible tropical cyclogenesis . Despite possessing tropical-storm winds as it approached the Lesser Antilles on September 27, the wave could not initially be classified as a tropical cyclone, as reconnaissance aircraft could not find a closed center. However, by 12:00 UTC on September 28,

12236-432: The coast. Across Santiago de Cuba, which suffered extensive damage from Hurricane Sandy in 2012, 218 shelters were opened and officials placed extra attention on Socapa, Caracoles, and Cayo Granma. Emergency personnel, primarily doctors, were dispatched to high-risk areas and supplies were stockpiled. The Government of the Bahamas began issuing hurricane watches on October 2 for southeastern islands as well as

12397-413: The comments "irresponsible" and urged people to "not listen to this man." Jason Samenow of The Washington Post described it as an "incredible and offensive accusation", and stated that it "may have introduced enough doubt to lead [residents] into a decision they will regret." On St. Vincent , heavy rains caused landslides and flooding across the island. One person was killed in the town of Layou when

12558-607: The complaint, CORE deliberately misclassified staff as contractors to avoid paying overtime. CORE's contracts require binding arbitration, which prevents a collective action by multiple employees and keeps the proceedings private. In the years following Hurricane Matthew , CORE has participated in hurricane relief efforts in the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, the Caribbean, and the United States. Following reports of migrant abuse in Del Rio, Texas, CORE sent staff and COVID relief supplies. CORE lacked

12719-479: The counties of Pictou, Antigonish, Guysborough and Cape Breton. Several roads were closed to heavy trucks, including Halifax Harbour bridges and the Confederation Bridge between New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Newfoundland was even more affected with accumulations generally ranging from 3.9 to 5.9 in (100 to 150 mm) in the central, southern and western areas. Steady rain fell sometimes at

12880-625: The country amounted to US$ 2.58 billion, most of which occurred in the Guantánamo Province. Passing through the Bahamas as a major hurricane, Matthew spread damage across several islands. Grand Bahama was hit directly, where most homes sustained damage in the townships of Eight Mile Rock and Holmes Rock. Preparations began in earnest across the southeastern United States as Matthew approached, with several states declaring states of emergencies for either entire states or coastal counties; widespread evacuations were ordered for extensive areas of

13041-496: The country has no building codes . Engineers have stated that it is unlikely many buildings would have stood through any kind of disaster. Structures are often raised wherever they can fit; some buildings were built on slopes with insufficient foundations or steel supports. A representative of Catholic Relief Services has estimated that about two million Haitians lived as squatters on land they did not own. The country also suffered from shortages of fuel and potable water even before

13202-492: The country's primary midwifery school. The Haitian art world suffered great losses; artworks were destroyed, and museums and art galleries were extensively damaged, among them Port-au-Prince's main art museum, Centre d'Art school, College Saint Pierre and Holy Trinity Cathedral . The headquarters of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) at Christopher Hotel and offices of

13363-562: The country." First responders voiced frustration with the number of relief trucks sitting unused at the airport. Aid workers blamed US-controlled airport operations for prioritising the transportation of security troops over rescuers and supplies; evacuation policies favouring citizens of certain nations were also criticised. The US military acknowledged the non-governmental organizations' complaints concerning flight-operations bias and promised improvement while noting that up to 17 January 600 emergency flights had landed and 50 were diverted; by

13524-420: The dam could collapse during the rainy season, which would flood Grand-Goâve 12 km (7.5 mi) downstream. In the nights following the earthquake, many people in Haiti slept in the streets, on pavements, in their cars, or in makeshift shanty towns either because their houses had been destroyed, or they feared standing structures would not withstand aftershocks. Construction standards are low in Haiti;

13685-502: The direct path of Matthew were lost, and tens of thousands of people became isolated as roads and bridges were destroyed. A major bridge connecting parts of Grand'Anse to the rest of the country collapsed during a flash flood. 80% of Jérémie , along the north shore of the Tiburon Peninsula, suffered tremendous damage; homes were flattened and medical facilities suffered major damage. A radio host in Port-au-Prince stated that Jérémie

13846-557: The disaster. President Préval and government ministers used police headquarters near the Toussaint L'Ouverture International Airport as their new base of operations, although their effectiveness was extremely limited; several parliamentarians were still trapped in the Presidential Palace, and offices and records had been destroyed. Some high-ranking government workers lost family members, or had to tend to wounded relatives. Although

14007-451: The earthquake struck, issuing temporary permits and waiving regular processing fees; the federal government also announced that it would cover adopted children's healthcare costs upon their arrival in Canada until they could be covered under provincially administered public healthcare plans. Rescue efforts began in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, with able-bodied survivors extricating

14168-426: The earthquake, making communications and transportation very difficult. Minister of Education Joel Jean-Pierre stated that the education system had "totally collapsed". About half the nation's schools and the three main universities in Port-au-Prince were affected. More than 1,300 schools and 50 health care facilities were destroyed. The earthquake also destroyed a nursing school in the capital and severely damaged

14329-536: The earthquake, which hampered rescue and aid efforts; confusion over who was in charge, air traffic congestion, and problems with prioritising flights further complicated early relief work. Port-au-Prince's morgues were overwhelmed with tens of thousands of bodies. These had to be buried in mass graves . As rescues tailed off, supplies, medical care and sanitation became priorities. Delays in aid distribution led to angry appeals from aid workers and survivors, and looting and sporadic violence were observed. On 22 January,

14490-453: The earthquake-ravaged city. Easing refugee immigration into Canada was discussed by Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper , and in the US Haitians were granted Temporary protected status , a measure that permits about 100,000 undocumented Haitians in the United States to stay legally for 18 months, and halts the deportations of 30,000 more, though it does not apply to Haitians outside

14651-638: The earthquake. From 12 January, the International Committee of the Red Cross , which has been working in Haiti since 1994, focused on bringing emergency assistance to victims of the catastrophe. It worked with its partners within the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, particularly the Haitian Red Cross and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. The American Red Cross also spearheaded

14812-414: The eastern Dominican Republic began preparing for tens of thousands of refugees, and by 16 January hospitals close to the border had been filled to capacity with Haitians. Some began reporting having expended stocks of critical medical supplies such as antibiotics by 17 January. The border was reinforced by Dominican soldiers, and the government of the Dominican Republic asserted that all Haitians who crossed

14973-548: The effect that there was a high risk of major seismic activity in Port-au-Prince. The U.S. Geological Survey recorded eight aftershocks in the two hours after the main earthquake, with magnitudes between 4.3 and 5.9. Within the first nine hours, 32 aftershocks of magnitude 4.2 or greater were recorded, 12 of which measured magnitude 5.0 or greater; in addition, on 24 January, the US Geological Survey reported that there had been 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater since

15134-470: The entire country by the afternoon of October 2. Residents on outlying islands of Haiti were evacuated to the mainland. Life-threatening rainfall was forecast to affect much of the nation, with accumulations averaging 15 to 25 in (38 to 64 cm) along the southern coast with isolated peaks up to 40 in (100 cm). Although government officials held meetings on storm preparation, Radio France Internationale reported that Haiti does not have

15295-654: The estimate that as many as 20,000 people will die each day that would have been saved by surgery." An MSF aircraft carrying a field hospital was repeatedly turned away by US air traffic controllers, who had assumed control at Toussaint L'Ouverture International Airport. Four other MSF aircraft were also turned away. In a 19 January press release MSF said, "It is like working in a war situation. We don't have any more morphine to manage pain for our patients. We cannot accept that planes carrying lifesaving medical supplies and equipment continue to be turned away while our patients die. Priority must be given to medical supplies entering

15456-552: The facilities on October 5. Older buildings at the KSC were designed to withstand winds of 105–125 mph (169–201 km/h); buildings constructed after 1992, when Category 5 Hurricane Andrew struck the Miami area, are built to withstand 130 mph (210 km/h) winds. At Cape Canaveral Air Force Station , the U.S. Air Force's 45th Space Wing began disconnecting electric power to non-essential facilities on October 4. For

15617-579: The first time since 2004 that the parks have closed, all instances due to hurricanes. Other Orlando-area theme parks, including Universal Orlando resort and SeaWorld Orlando , also closed. The Southeastern Conference football game between LSU and Florida , scheduled for October 8 in Gainesville, was cancelled, while the SEC football game between Georgia and South Carolina , scheduled for October 8 in Columbia,

15778-495: The first weekend of disaster operations, diversions had been reduced to three on Saturday and two on Sunday. The airport staff was strengthened in order to support 100 landings a day, compared to the 35 a day that the airport gets during normal operation. A spokesman for the joint task force running the airport confirmed that, though more flights were requesting landing slots , none was being turned away. Hurricane Matthew Effects Other wikis Hurricane Matthew

15939-467: The fourth time in its 45-year history, the Walt Disney World Resort closed. Its theme parks , Magic Kingdom , Epcot , Disney's Hollywood Studios and Disney's Animal Kingdom , as well as water parks Disney's Blizzard Beach , Disney's Typhoon Lagoon , and Disney Springs , were closed at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time on October 6, and remained closed on October 7. This was

16100-441: The heels of radio talk show host Rush Limbaugh 's claims of the conspiracy to "sell" climate change. The claims of conspiracy were posted as Matthew posed a dire threat to Florida's east coast and when residents across the state were being urged to evacuate immediately. Drudge's commentary was quickly met with sharp condemnation and criticism from meteorologists and public officials. Democratic Representative Keith Ellison called

16261-532: The hurricane's landfall with the total number of people in shelters reaching 9,280 by 2:00 a.m. local time on October 4. On October 5, the Electoral Provisional Council postponed the presidential election , the second round of the legislative elections and the first round of the Senate elections until November 20. On the morning of October 2, a tropical storm warning was raised for

16422-405: The immediate Port-au-Prince area) "within six weeks of the earthquake" appears to be the 160,000 estimate in a 2010 University of Michigan study. Appeals for humanitarian aid were issued by many aid organizations, the United Nations and president René Préval. Raymond Joseph , Haiti's ambassador to the United States, and his nephew, singer Wyclef Jean , who was called upon by Préval to become

16583-700: The island without power. Landslides and flooding, the result of more than 10 in (250 mm) of rain accompanying the storm, damaged many homes and roads. Rainfall at Hewanorra International Airport amounted to 13.19 in (335 mm). The nation's banana crop suffered significant damage; 85 percent of farms reported losses. Two homes were destroyed, one in Bisee, and one in Gros Islet; several others were damaged. Roads in Castries, Gros-Islet, Dennery, and Soufriere became impassible from debris or landslides. Some damage

16744-472: The island; 133 sought refuge in them. Upon the formation of Matthew as a tropical cyclone on September 28, governments across the Windward Islands issued tropical storm warnings in anticipation of gale -force winds. The storm's unusual south track prompted the issuance of tropical storm watches on September 28 for Aruba , Bonaire , Curaçao , and the northern coast of Colombia from

16905-467: The issuance of a tropical storm watch for Haiti 's Tiburon Peninsula toward the border with the Dominican Republic . Following an eastward shift in Matthew's predicted track, a hurricane watch was issued for much of Haiti on October 1, encompassing areas from Môle-Saint-Nicolas south to the Dominican Republic border; this was upgraded to a warning just hours later. The warning eventually encompassed

17066-524: The latter of which gutted countless buildings. Despite the severity of damage, no fatalities were reported in the city. A communication tower in Majayara collapsed during the storm and a bridge spanning the Toa river was destroyed; several communities left isolated as a result. Damages in Cuba amounted to US$ 2.58 billion; most of which occurred in the Guantánamo Province. Nearly two months later, on November 22,

17227-498: The living and the dead from the rubble of the many buildings that had collapsed. Treatment of the injured was hampered by the lack of hospital and morgue facilities: the Argentine military field hospital , which had been serving MINUSTAH , was the only one available until 13 January. Rescue work intensified only slightly with the arrival of doctors, police officers, military personnel and firefighters from various countries two days after

17388-487: The logistical capability to handle a large-scale disaster. Only 576 shelters, with a collective capacity of 90,000 people, were listed for all of southern Haiti. According to the International Organization for Migration , 55,107  internally displaced persons remained in camps or hosting sites without adequate protection from the hurricane. Provisional President of Haiti Jocelerme Privert addressed

17549-407: The longer-run, CORE assisted with roofing repairs and provided staff to help residents fill out applications for Federal Emergency Management Agency funds. The Travel Channel 's food show No Reservations , hosted by Anthony Bourdain , featured Haiti as the 2011 season opener which first aired on February 28, 2011. Penn and J/P HRO were featured prominently in the show including a tour of one of

17710-409: The main quake. On 20 January, at 06:03 local time (11:03 UTC ), the strongest aftershock since the earthquake, measuring magnitude 5.9 M w , struck Haiti. USGS reported its epicenter was about 56 km (35 mi) WSW of Port-au-Prince, which would place it almost exactly under the coastal town of Petit-Goâve . A UN representative reported that the aftershock collapsed seven buildings in

17871-496: The matter. In April 2023 Administrative Law Judge Lisa D. Ross, who presided over the matter, dismissed the NLRB case stating that Penn's message to CORE disaster response staff was a rallying cry in the wake of the organizations's efforts during their work battling COVID, not a threat. Multiple reports of sexual misconduct by Los Angeles Fire Department personnel at CORE response sites were raised. The sole mechanism for reporting complaints

18032-466: The morning of October 4, Matthew was the strongest storm to directly impact Haiti since Hurricane Cleo in 1964. An anemometer at Antoine-Simon Airport in Les Cayes , east of where Matthew made landfall, measured a gust of 107 mph (172 km/h) before the station went offline. Gusts in the nation's capital city of Port-au-Prince reached 60 mph (97 km/h). Communications with areas in

18193-435: The most significant impacts were felt in Haiti , with US$ 2.8 billion in damage and 674 deaths, making Matthew the worst disaster to affect the nation since the 2010 earthquake . The combination of flooding and high winds disrupted telecommunications and destroyed extensive swaths of land; around 80% of Jérémie sustained significant damage. Four people were killed in Cuba due to a bridge collapse, and total losses in

18354-449: The nation on October 2, urging those living along the coast and in poorly constructed homes to evacuate and comply with authorities. Despite pleas from officials, many residents refused to leave their homes. Schools were closed for October 3–4, though government offices remained open. Nationwide, a total of 1,300 shelters were readied with a total capacity of 390,000 people. More than 18,000 volunteers and members of

18515-771: The nation's cays and banks to evacuate to the mainland on September 29. The following day, Prime Minister Andrew Holness held an emergency meeting regarding the hurricane and placed the government on high alert. A hurricane watch was issued for the country on September 30, and later upgraded to a warning on October 1. Officials in Trelawny Parish placed 60 shelters on stand-by on October 2. Supermarkets were overwhelmed with residents stocking up on supplies, and many reported empty shelves and low supplies of bread, kerosene, and candles. Many people boarded up their homes and protected their property with sand bags. One hundred female prisoners were relocated from

18676-464: The necessary approvals and registration to provide medical care, and pivoted to distributing hygiene kits, warm meals, and baby formula. In response to Hurricane Fiona , CORE raised over $ 200,000 in donations. When relief supplies arrived on the island, its sole employee had already departed for another assignment and materials were left sitting unclaimed in storage. However within days CORE was distributing tarps, generators, and supplies for diabetics.In

18837-517: The official death toll, reporting an estimate of 92,000 deaths as being a more realistic figure. On the first anniversary of the earthquake, 12 January 2011, Haitian Prime Minister Jean-Max Bellerive said the death toll from the quake was more than 316,000, raising the figures from previous estimates. Several experts have questioned the validity of the death toll numbers; Anthony Penna, professor emeritus in environmental history at Northeastern University , warned that casualty estimates could only be

18998-852: The operations center on the Dominican side. The Dominican emergency team assisted more than 2,000 injured people, while the Dominican Institute of Telecommunications (Indotel) helped with the restoration of some telephone services. The Dominican Red Cross coordinated early medical relief in conjunction with the International Red Cross. The government sent eight mobile medical units along with 36 doctors including orthopaedic specialists, traumatologists, anaesthetists, and surgeons. In addition, 39 trucks carrying canned food were dispatched, along with 10 mobile kitchens and 110 cooks capable of producing 100,000 meals per day. Other nations from farther afield also sent personnel, medicines, materiel , and other aid to Haiti. The first team to arrive in Port-au-Prince

19159-712: The organization, even after reporting that he was still receiving payment. In 2023, CORE announced that all issues identified in the 2020 audit had been resolved and published a clean independent 2022 audit in their annual impact report. In response to the testing shortage in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic, CORE set up and operated testing sites across the country, working in collaboration with local and state governments to open new sites as well as take over existing sites. As of August 2020, CORE has administered more than 1.3 million free COVID-19 tests. The organization has implemented guidelines called "The Core 8" to combat

19320-467: The other near Aquin ; one was later found dead. Antecedent rainfall associated with the outer bands of Matthew triggered flooding in several towns in southern Haiti and the Dominican Republic. A person was killed when a tree fell on his home in Port Salut , while a 26-year-old man drowned while trying to rescue a child from a rushing river. Striking the Tiburon Peninsula as a Category 4 hurricane on

19481-565: The power grid might be shut off during the storm if conditions became severe. Members of the Jamaica Defence Force were deployed nationwide in advance of the hurricane in order to more swiftly deal with its aftermath. Schools and government offices suspended operations starting on October 3. A total of 900 shelters opened across Jamaica and the Urban Transit Company provided buses to evacuate people from Kingston to

19642-460: The president and his remaining cabinet met with UN planners each day, there remained confusion as to who was in charge and no single group had organized relief efforts as of 16 January. The government handed over control of the airport to the United States to hasten and ease flight operations, which had been hampered by the damage to the air traffic control tower. Almost immediately Port-au-Prince's morgue facilities were overwhelmed. By 14 January,

19803-536: The provinces of Camagüey , Las Tunas , Granma , Holguín , Santiago de Cuba , and Guantánamo . This was subsequently upgraded to a warning on October 2 for all provinces except Camagüey. Non-essential personnel in the United States' Guantanamo Bay Naval Base began evacuations that day. Evacuations of more than 1 million people across Cuba started that morning, including 252,000 in Santiago de Cuba, and 230,000 from Las Tunas with priority placed on those along

19964-687: The record of 20.5 ft (6.2 m) feet. Robeson County schools did not reopen until October 31. In Smithfield , the Neuse River crested at 29.09 ft (8.87 m), 2 ft (0.61 m) higher than after Hurricane Fran . In Kinston , the Neuse crested at 28.31 ft (8.63 m), a foot (300 mm) higher than the record set by Hurricane Floyd . In Greenville , the Tar River crested at 24.5 ft (7.5 m). Preliminary estimates indicate that roughly 100,000 structures were flooded across

20125-601: The region. Notable landmark buildings were significantly damaged or destroyed, including the Presidential Palace , the National Assembly building, the Port-au-Prince Cathedral , and the main jail. Among those killed were Archbishop of Port-au-Prince Joseph Serge Miot , and opposition leader Micha Gaillard . The headquarters of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), located in

20286-399: The risk of disease . The earthquake struck in the most populated area of the country. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies estimated that as many as 3 million people had been affected by the quake. In mid February 2010, the Haitian government reported the death toll to have reached 230,000. However, an investigation by Radio Netherlands has questioned

20447-493: The sea first retreated and a "very big wave" followed rapidly, crashing ashore and sweeping boats and debris into the ocean. The tsunami reached heights up to 3 m (9.8 ft). The quake affected the three Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) medical facilities around Port-au-Prince, causing one to collapse completely. A hospital in Pétion-Ville , a wealthy suburb of Port-au-Prince, also collapsed, as did

20608-401: The slip distribution found amplitudes of up to about 4 m (13 ft) using ground motion records from all over the world. A 2007 earthquake hazard study by C. DeMets and M. Wiggins-Grandison noted that the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault zone could be at the end of its seismic cycle and concluded that a worst-case forecast would involve a 7.2 M w earthquake, similar in size to

20769-437: The southern coast of the Dominican Republic from Barahona west to the Haitian border, and a tropical storm watch was issued for the northern coast from Puerto Plata west to the Haitian border. At least 8,500 people were evacuated in southwestern areas of the country by the morning of October 3. The Meteorological Service of Cuba raised hurricane watches for all of southeastern Cuba on October 1, encompassing

20930-430: The state and damage reached US$ 1.5 billion. When the hurricane hit Virginia, Matthew caused two deaths. Heavy wind gusts of up to 68 mph and more than 11 inches of rain led to hundreds of downed trees and severe street flooding in southern Virginia Beach . The Northeast received heavy rain and minor flooding throughout the days of October 9 and 10. Game 2 of the 2016 National League Division Series between

21091-499: The state east of Interstate 95 , and the Georgia Department of Public Safety reversed the eastbound lanes on a portion of Interstate 16 effective until the following day. On October 6, the conservative news aggregator Drudge Report —run by Matt Drudge —headlined a five-word comment on Matthew: "Storm Fizzle? Matthew Looks Ragged!" which linked to a Miami Herald article. Drudge later used Twitter to claim that

21252-566: The stories of looting and violence, there was less violent crime in Port-au-Prince after the earthquake than before. In many neighbourhoods, singing could be heard through the night and groups of men coordinated to act as security as groups of women attempted to take care of food and hygiene necessities. During the days following the earthquake, hundreds were seen marching through the streets in peaceful processions, singing and clapping. The earthquake caused an urgent need for outside rescuers to communicate with Haitians whose main or only language

21413-421: The storm becoming a Category 4 hurricane again while passing Freeport . However, Matthew began to weaken again as an eyewall replacement cycle took place. The storm significantly weakened while closely paralleling the coasts of Florida and Georgia, the western portion of the outer eyewall came ashore in Florida as a Category 3 hurricane, while the inner eyewall remained just offshore. Matthew weakened to

21574-564: The storm was collected. The Waccamaw River crested in Conway at 17.9 ft (5.5 m), breaking a record set by the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane . The Little Pee Dee River reached a record crest of 17.1 ft (5.2 m) at Galivant's Ferry , also breaking a 1928 record. Twenty-six people died in storm-related incidents across North Carolina. 680,000 in North Carolina were without power at one point. Sections of Interstate 95 in South Carolina and in North Carolina had to be shut down as

21735-500: The storm's high winds, rendering roads impassable. Flooding-induced by the backside of the storm affected much of the western half of the island. Total losses from Matthew in the Bahamas are estimated to be around $ 580 million. In total, the storm killed 47 people in the US, including 26 in North Carolina, 12 in Florida, 3 in Georgia, 4 in South Carolina, and 2 in Virginia. According to

21896-507: The storm's winds to put out a fire, which reportedly destroyed a greenhouse. In Florida, one woman died due to a heart attack; she had called for aid, but medical services were not able to arrive due to Matthew's high winds. Another two women were killed by falling trees. In the Flagler Beach area, a portion of Florida State Road A1A was washed away. At Kennedy Space Center , winds reached 80 mph (130 km/h) at ground level while

22057-562: The surfaces broken. The main road linking Port-au-Prince with Jacmel remained blocked ten days after the earthquake, hampering delivery of aid to Jacmel. When asked why the road had not been opened, Hazem el-Zein, head of the south-east division of the UN World Food Programme said that "We ask the same questions to the people in charge...They promise rapid response. To be honest, I don't know why it hasn't been done. I can only think that their priority must be somewhere else." There

22218-451: The time to count bodies, as their focus had been on the treatment of survivors. While the vast majority of casualties were Haitian civilians, the dead included aid workers, embassy staff, foreign tourists—and a number of public figures, including Archbishop of Port-au-Prince Monsignor Joseph Serge Miot , aid worker Zilda Arns and officials in the Haitian government, including opposition leader Michel "Micha" Gaillard . Also killed were

22379-503: The town's buildings had been destroyed. Many government and public buildings were damaged or destroyed including the Palace of Justice , the National Assembly , the Supreme Court and Port-au-Prince Cathedral . The National Palace was severely damaged, though President René Préval and his wife Elisabeth Delatour Préval escaped without injury. The Prison Civile de Port-au-Prince

22540-501: The town. According to staff of the International Committee of the Red Cross , which had reached Petit-Goâve for the first time the day before the aftershock, the town was estimated to have lost 15% of its buildings, and was suffering the same shortages of supplies and medical care as the capital. Workers from the charity Save the Children reported hearing "already weakened structures collapsing" in Port-au-Prince, but most sources reported no further significant damage to infrastructure in

22701-467: The virus, which includes "delivering test results within 48 hours, a government-supported contact tracing system, food and hygiene kits along with financial aid for households with positive case results." Site locations included Los Angeles, Oakland, Detroit, Chicago, Atlanta, New Orleans, New York, North Carolina, Navajo Nation, Napa, Bakersfield, and a "super-site" at Dodger Stadium , where up to 6,000 people are tested daily. Tests are administered using

22862-444: The wave developed a closed circulation while located near Barbados , hence becoming a tropical storm, and was assigned the name Matthew . Continuing westward under the influence of a mid-level ridge, the storm steadily intensified to attain hurricane intensity by 18:00 UTC on September 29. The effects of southwesterly wind shear unexpectedly abated late that day, and Matthew began a period of explosive intensification ; during

23023-591: Was ICE-SAR from Iceland , landing within 24 hours of the earthquake. A 50-member Chinese team arrived early Thursday morning. From the Middle East, the government of Qatar sent a strategic transport aircraft (C-17), loaded with 50 tonnes of urgent relief materials and 26 members from the Qatari armed forces, the internal security force (Lekhwiya), police force and the Hamad Medical Corporation, to set up

23184-535: Was "pretty much wiped out from the seaboard all the way to the cathedral". Officially, 546 deaths were attributed to the storm in Haiti, however local governments believed the death toll to be over 1,000; this value may have been overestimated. According to the nation's Civil Protection Directorate, the death toll was 546 as of October 14, with 128 people missing and 439 injured. The government initially estimated damages at around 124 billion gourdes (US$ 1.9 billion), but later research found that

23345-483: Was a Google Docs spreadsheets and an email address. One victim alleged that leadership said they were friends with one of the perpetrators and did not take action. Sites were run in conjunction with LAFD, whose administration was separate from CORE's. A lawsuit filed by one of the victims against Lee and another staffer was ordered to arbitration. In 2022, a former CORE worker who provided support during COVID relief efforts in Georgia sued CORE for unpaid wages. According to

23506-545: Was a peak surge of 9.88 ft (3.01 m) above normal. Additionally, in the St. Augustine area, water was reported to be 2.5 ft (0.76 m) above ground. As Matthew tracked parallel to the Florida coast, it left over one million people without power across the state of Florida. In Jacksonville it caused major sand dune damage and flooding in the St. Johns River . It also destroyed many properties and knocked out power for nearly 250,000 electrical customers. In Indialantic, Florida , firefighters exposed themselves to

23667-461: Was a powerful tropical cyclone which caused catastrophic damage and a humanitarian crisis in Haiti , as well as widespread devastation in the southeastern United States . The deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Stan in 2005 , and the first Category 5 Atlantic hurricane since Felix in 2007 , Matthew was the thirteenth named storm , fifth hurricane and second major hurricane of

23828-453: Was also destroyed, allowing around 4,000 inmates to escape. Most of Port-au-Prince's municipal buildings were destroyed or heavily damaged, including the City Hall, which was described by The Washington Post as, "a skeletal hulk of concrete and stucco , sagging grotesquely to the left." Port-au-Prince had no municipal petrol reserves and few city officials had working mobile phones before

23989-597: Was also reported on Dominica , temporarily leaving many people without water and electricity. Heavy rainfall in Grenada disrupted the water supply in multiple communities. In Martinique strong winds, which gusted up to 89 mph (143 km/h) in Saint-Pierre , wreaked havoc on the power grid; roughly 55,000 people lost electricity. Numerous trees downed by the winds blocked roadways while heavy rains led to flooding. The main road from Fort-de-France to southern towns

24150-438: Was attained at just 13.4°N latitude – the lowest latitude ever recorded for a storm of this intensity in the Atlantic basin, breaking the record set by Hurricane Ivan in 2004. Matthew weakened slightly and fluctuated in intensity while making a northward turn toward the Greater Antilles , remaining a strong Category 4 hurricane as it made its first landfall over Haiti's Tiburon Peninsula early on October 4, and then

24311-434: Was closed by the U.S. Coast Guard, the first closure since 2004. Eight cruise ships and four cargo ships were scheduled to visit the port between October 5–9. On Cape Canaveral, home to both civilian and military spaceflight facilities, no rockets or spacecraft were in vulnerable positions; at the time of Matthew's approach, the next launch was scheduled for November 4. The Kennedy Space Center began preparations of

24472-447: Was considerable damage to communications infrastructure. The public telephone system was not available, and two of Haiti's largest cellular telephone providers, Digicel and Comcel Haiti , both reported that their services had been affected by the earthquake. Fibre-optic connectivity was also disrupted. According to Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF), Radio Lumière , which broadcasts out of Port-au-Prince and reaches 90% of Haiti,

24633-473: Was deployed to epicenters to assist mitigation efforts of Haitian Government. The American Red Cross announced on 13 January that it had run out of supplies in Haiti and appealed for public donations. Giving Children Hope worked to get much-needed medicines and supplies on the ground. Partners in Health (PIH), the largest health care provider in rural Haiti, was able to provide some emergency care from its ten hospitals and clinics, all of which were outside

24794-455: Was done by a Washington consulting firm, LTL Strategies. A US State Department spokesperson said the report had inconsistencies and would not be released until they were resolved. As of January 2012, USAID has not released the report and states on its website that 1.5 million people were displaced, of which 550,000 remain without permanent shelter. The most reliable academic estimate of the number of earthquake casualties in Haiti (over 95% were in

24955-492: Was initially knocked off the air, but it was able to resume broadcasting across most of its network within a week. According to RSF, some 20 of about 50 stations that were active in the capital region before the earthquake were back on air a week after the quake. In February 2010, Prime Minister Jean-Max Bellerive estimated that 250,000 residences and 30,000 commercial buildings were severely damaged and needed to be demolished. The deputy mayor of Léogâne reported that 90% of

25116-658: Was moved to October 9. The hurricane washed out NASCAR racing at Charlotte Motor Speedway on October 7 and 8, with the Drive for the Cure 300 race in the Xfinity Series originally scheduled for October 7 and the Bank of America 500 race in the Sprint Cup Series originally scheduled for October 8 both postponed until October 9. On October 6, U.S. President Barack Obama declared

25277-437: Was near the town of Léogâne , Ouest department , approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Port-au-Prince , Haiti's capital. By 24 January, at least 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded. An estimated three million people were affected by the quake. Death toll estimates range from 100,000 to about 160,000 to Haitian government figures from 220,000 to 316,000, although these latter figures are

25438-799: Was overwhelmed by—and blocked—some users who were sending messages about updates. The American Red Cross set a record for mobile donations, raising US$ 7 million in 24 hours when they allowed people to send US$ 10 donations by text messages. The OpenStreetMap community responded to the disaster by greatly improving the level of mapping available for the area using post-earthquake satellite photography provided by GeoEye , and crowdmapping website Ushahidi coordinated messages from multiple sites to assist Haitians still trapped and to keep families of survivors informed. Some online poker sites hosted poker tournaments with tournament fees, prizes or both going to disaster relief charities. Google Earth updated its coverage of Port-au-Prince on 17 January, showing

25599-614: Was rendered impassable during the storm. Approximately 4,000 people lost their water supply. Three people sustained minor injuries. The effects of Matthew across the ABC islands were relatively limited despite its proximity. Some street flooding occurred on Aruba and Curaçao. Heavy winds were also experienced. There was some damage to cars after street flooding occurred. Outdoor bars and restaurants were damaged. The Guajira Peninsula of Colombia saw its first heavy rain event in three years, leading to widespread flash flooding. One person drowned in

25760-501: Was reported to have occurred in Charleston after a seawall was breached. Hilton Head Island experienced widespread water, sewer and power outages for several days, and the only road onto the island was not re-opened to residents until October 11. It is estimated that over 120,000 trees were downed on the island, causing extensive tree-strike damage to residences and businesses. Over 2.1 million cubic yards of vegetative debris generated by

25921-453: Was reported, with additional flooding due to rainfall occurring. Strong wind gusts tore at the island's vegetation, causing minor damage. Large swells reached the outlying Haitian island of Île-à-Vache on October 2, prompting the evacuation of 89 people. Despite boating bans, many fishermen continued work in rough conditions. Consequently, two fishermen went missing on the morning of October 3: one near Saint-Jean-du-Sud and

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