50-608: Ithaca Embankments is a heritage-listed group of embankments in the former Town of Ithaca and now in the suburbs of Kelvin Grove , Red Hill and Paddington in Brisbane , Queensland , Australia. They were designed by Alexander Jolly and built from c. 1917 to c. 1923 . They were added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 2 March 1993. The rock gardens and early stone retaining walls and edgings on
100-406: A raised floor accessed via a steep metal stair with a more recent steel pipe railing. The original arrangement of equipment is evident. Floor ducting for the power supply is located in the west end of the space but has been filled in. The high tension switchgear and 1100 KVA transformer have been removed. The upper level has a concrete platform, supported on brick piers, where the rotary converter
150-447: A classical influence in their design. The building has corner pilasters with the longer north and south elevations having a central pilaster. The building has a heavy cornice , feature panels of rough render and a base which is scribed to suggest large size stone blocks. The building has large sash windows with mottled glass panes with a panel of galvanised iron louvres to either side of each window. There are also ventilation panels in
200-409: A cutting. Embankments need to be constructed using non-aerated and waterproofed, compacted (or entirely non-porous) material to provide adequate support to the formation and a long-term level surface with stability. An example material for road embankment building is sand-bentonite mixture often used as a protective to protect underground utility cables and pipelines. To intersect an embankment without
250-477: A different form of construction, and several varieties of agave sp., trees, palms, small shrubs and a grassed footpath. Embankment on MacGregor Tce, Paddington, from Tooth Ave to Latrobe Tce, and returning into the latter. This tall embankment is bounded by residential properties on the top side and roadway along the base. The embankment has lush vegetation, including several varieties of agave sp., trees, small shrubs and vines with areas of rock face and remnants of
300-428: A dry stone wall. Embankment at corner of MacGregor & Rockbourne Tces, and returning into both streets. This embankment is bounded by a dry stone wall, prominent on the street corner, and bitumen footpath with areas of rock face along MacGregor Terrace. There are several varieties of agave sp., trees, palms and small shrubs. Divided street embankment on Northam Ave, Bardon, from MacGregor Tce to approximately half
350-463: A high flyover, a series of tunnels can consist of a section of high tensile strength viaduct (typically built of brick and/or metal) or pair of facing abutments for a bridge . Paddington Tramways Substation Paddington Tramways Substation is a heritage-listed former electrical substation at 150 Enoggera Terrace, Paddington , City of Brisbane , Queensland , Australia. It was designed by Roy Rusden Ogg and built from 1929 to 1930. It
400-514: A landmark quality and contribution to the Brisbane townscape which is valued by the community. The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. The building has strong social and cultural associations with the Paddington community, being an integral member of an historic group of sites on Cook's Hill which includes
450-516: A local landmark visible from the surrounding ridges. Embankment at corner of Windsor & Musgrave Rds, Red Hill, below the Red Hill Post Office, and an opposite divided street retaining wall with lower embankment. Two trees stand on the street corner with a concrete retaining wall and timber rail fence below. The planted embankment begins at the edge of the retaining wall and contains several varieties of agave sp., palms and small shrubs and
500-399: A particularly intact section of dry stone wall which displays varying forms of construction. The embankment is bounded by a bitumen footpath with a timber rail fence along the top. There are several varieties of agave sp., palms, trees and small shrubs as well as areas of rock face. Embankment on Musgrave Rd, Red Hill, below St Brigid's Church. This tall embankment has a retaining wall along
550-490: A private enterprise formed in 1895, introduced the first electric trams to Brisbane in mid-1897. Following lobbying by the Ithaca Shire Council , a tramway was extended along Musgrave Road to Red Hill , and a line was laid along Caxton Street and Given Terrace as far as Latrobe Terrace in 1898. The Red Hill line was extended to Ashgrove in 1924, and the Paddington line was extended to Bardon in 1937. The spread of
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#1733085816049600-452: A roadway. A road , railway line , or canal is normally raised onto an embankment made of compacted soil (typically clay or rock-based) to avoid a change in level required by the terrain , the alternatives being either to have an unacceptable change in level or detour to follow a contour. A cutting is used for the same purpose where the land is originally higher than required. Embankments are often constructed using material obtained from
650-548: Is bounded by a bitumen footpath and a section of low dry stone wall. On the opposite side of the road is a lower stone retaining wall with a timber rail fence and concrete footpath on the top side and narrow roadway along the base. This roadway has a short embankment on the lower side to the corner of Zig Zag Street. This embankment has a section of stone retaining wall and several varieties of agave sp., trees and grasses. Divided street embankment on Musgrave Rd, Red Hill, between Federal & Confederate Sts. This embankment contains
700-466: Is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. The substation is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a small scale industrial building designed for a prominent urban location. The building has a special association with the work of tramways architect RR Ogg and chief engineer W Arundell. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. The substation exhibits
750-478: Is surrounded by substantial groupings of agave sp. A driveway is located on the southern boundary of No 15 along the Victoria Street frontage providing access to No 15 and to No 65 Victoria Street and has planting to both the upper and lower sides. The embankment becomes a rock face in front of No 65. Large trees are located along the frontages, and within the site boundaries, of the above properties and overhang
800-460: The "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014). [REDACTED] Media related to Ithaca Embankments at Wikimedia Commons Embankment (transportation) An embankment is a raised wall, bank or mound made of earth or stones, that are used to hold back water or carry
850-523: The Queensland Heritage Register on 2 March 1993 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The Ithaca Embankments are important in demonstrating the evolution of the Town of Ithaca, providing evidence of the active involvement of the Ithaca Town Council in landscape improvements, and its conscious attempt to enhance
900-459: The 1920s and 1930s. The function of the Paddington substation, the seventh in the network, was to assist the Petrie Terrace substation (erected 1927–28) in providing a better distribution of power to the increased western suburbs tram services. Considerable attention was given to the design of these substations. Roy Rusden Ogg , the tramways' architect and construction engineer from 1926 until
950-556: The Ithaca Children's Playground (also known as the Neal Macrossan Playground ) (1918); the formation and metalling of roads; tree planting; and the establishment of numerous embankment gardens, small reserves and street gardens throughout the suburbs of Red Hill, Kelvin Grove, Paddington, Rosalie , Bardon , and parts of Milton . Because of the hilly terrain, many of the new streets were divided, leaving embankments which
1000-843: The Ithaca Town Council considered were cheaper to plant and beautify than to cut down. This approach placed the Council at the forefront of street beautification projects in the Brisbane metropolitan area. By comparison, Brisbane Municipal Council , under the direction of Parks Superintendent Harry Moore, established rock gardens and flower beds along roads such as River Terrace at Kangaroo Point , but generally did not plant out embankments. The South Brisbane Municipal Council appears to have limited street beautification to weed eradication and tree planting. This innovation in Brisbane civic landscaping led to Ithaca Town Council receiving numerous requests from other councils, interstate as well as Queensland, for photographs and plans of Ithaca street improvements. At
1050-461: The Ithaca Town Council's public consciousness and active involvement in creating a distinctive town environment, in the early years of the 20th century. These Ithaca Town Council embankments display similar landscape design, planting, materials, and idiosyncratic features of Alexander Jolly's work. One of the most intact is the Windsor Road embankment, extending from the corner of Prospect Terrace to
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#17330858160491100-457: The New Farm Power station, via an underground feeder cable. The transformer reduced this supply, which the rotary converter then converted to 600 volts DC for the tramways network. The substation commenced operation on 11 August 1930 and remained in service until the phasing out of Brisbane's trams in the late 1960s. In 1969 the Paddington line was closed, the substation's electrical equipment
1150-400: The base and below the cornice. A set of large timber doors is located on the north, which has been painted bright colours, and a section of the base has also been painted. Internally the building has concrete floors, painted brick walls and steel beams to the roof, with metal covers to the panels of louvres and pink glass inserts to the centre of the sash windows. The east end of the space has
1200-508: The base. It has large sections of rock face with several varieties of agave sp., small shrubs and grasses, and a concrete stair at the street corner. Divided street embankment on Fernberg Rd, Paddington, near the intersection with Kaye St, and an opposite embankment in front of Government House . The divided street embankment has sections of dry stone wall on the lower side, with several varieties of agave sp., trees and small shrubs. The opposite embankment also has sections of dry stone wall, of
1250-475: The corner of Prospect Terrace and Windsor Road. A set of concrete stairs is located on the Windsor Road side of the Morris Tor apartments and may have been for the earlier house which stood on the site. A sloping pathway with a timber railing fence leads through the vegetation to No 21 and is bordered by a low three tier dry stone porphyry wall. A narrow driveway is located on the south boundary of No 19 and
1300-420: The corner of Victoria Street, Kelvin Grove. Embankment on Windsor Rd, Kelvin Grove, from Prospect Tce to Victoria St. This embankment surrounds the western crest of Red Hill, bordering Morris Tor apartments on the corner of Prospect Terrace and Windsor Road to the north, continues along Windsor Road in front of Nos 21, 19 and 15 to the corner of Victoria Street and culminates in front of No 65 Victoria Street to
1350-505: The early 20th century. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. They exhibit aesthetic characteristics valued by the community, in particular their contribution to the townscape of Brisbane's inner western suburbs. The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history. They are significant also for their special association with
1400-421: The embankment below. There is one Weeping Fig ( Ficus benjamina ) and one Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) in front of Morris Tor, two Weeping Figs (Ficus benjamina) in front of both Nos 21 and 19, a Mango ( Mangifera indica ) in front of No 15 and four Weeping Figs (Ficus benjamina) and an avenue of Queen Palms (Syagrus romanzoffiana) in front of No 65. These trees, together with the embankment on Red Hill, form
1450-529: The embankments at Red Hill were established c. 1917 for the Ithaca Town Council . In 1918 MacGregor Terrace and Waterworks Road were similarly landscaped after road works, as were Fernberg Road and Northam Avenue in 1923. The remnant Musgrave Road plantings most likely date from 1917-18. The plantings and stone retaining wall along the Latrobe Terrace embankment probably were associated with
1500-577: The former Ithaca Fire Station and Paddington Tramways Substation along the top side, with Latrobe Terrace along the base. There is a section of dry stone wall at the Memorial Park end with a substantial grouping of agave sp., and a section of dry stone wall at the Enoggera Terrace end, a remnant of the earlier gardens on the site. There are several varieties of agave sp., trees, palms, small shrubs, vines and grasses. Ithaca Embankments were listed on
1550-491: The former Ithaca Fire Station , the Ithaca War Memorial , and Ithaca Embankments . [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by
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1600-453: The growth of the inner western suburbs; and has had a close association with the development of Brisbane's electricity supply system. The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage. In elements of the fabric and design, the building demonstrates now rare evidence of the electrical system arrangement and working of an interwar, rotary converter type, tramways substation in Brisbane. The place
1650-469: The landscaping of Cook's Hill in the early 1920s. In the first decade of the 20th century, Ithaca experienced a housing and population boom largely attributable to the expansion of the tramways through the area. Subsequently, in the 1910s the Ithaca Town Council embarked on a programme of civic improvements which included the establishment of Lang Park (1917), the Ithaca Swimming Pool (1917), and
1700-548: The late 1930s, in conjunction with tramways' chief engineers William Muir Nelson (1925–26) and William Arundell (1926–49?), designed at least ten Brisbane substations between 1926 and 1936, and the first two stages of the New Farm powerhouse (1927–29 and 1934–36). Ogg also designed the Tramways Department's Head Office building on Coronation Drive (1929). The Paddington substation, constructed of bricks and structural steel from
1750-470: The length of Northam Ave. This long embankment has a timber rail fence along the top side, a section of dry stone wall along the base and a concrete stair towards the end. There are several varieties of agave sp., trees, palms, small shrubs and grasses. Embankment on Latrobe Tce, Paddington, from Enoggera Tce to the base of Ithaca War Memorial . The embankment is bounded by the Ithaca War Memorial,
1800-508: The old Countess Street power house (closed in mid-1928), was the first of his substation designs to incorporate a parapet wall, flat roof and exterior render. The Paddington substation was automatic, equipped with an 1100 KVA transformer, a British-Thomson-Houston 1000 kW rotary converter, switchgear, support services, and an overhead crane (designed by the Tramways Department). The substation received 11000 volts AC electricity from
1850-527: The quality of life for Ithaca residents in the early part of the 20th century. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. They are important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of the Ithaca Town Council's early 20th century street beautification projects, being some of the best surviving examples, and provide important surviving evidence of stone retaining wall and edging techniques practised by Brisbane's public landscape gardeners in
1900-510: The second Australian Town Planning Conference and Exhibition, held in Brisbane in July–August 1918, the Ithaca Town Council exhibited photographs showing treatment of ugly cuttings and street improvements which beautify the street and at the same time solve practical difficulties. Much of the impetus for the work came from Ithaca Town Council's landscape gardener, Alexander Jolly, (father of the first Mayor of Greater Brisbane, William Jolly ), who
1950-406: The south wall, at a later date, and has an external timber access stair. The feeder cables were supported externally by large curved brackets on the east wall which remain intact with insulators. An AC transformer is located externally to the west. On the western perimeter is a section of stone wall which was part of the gardens originally located on the site. The Paddington Tramways Substation
2000-534: The south. The embankment is covered in lush vegetation, including at least six varieties of Agave sp.; Queen Palms ( Syagrus romanzoffiana ); Camphor laurel ( Cinnamomum camphora ); Bougainvillaea sp.; and a number of small shrubs popular in the early part of the twentieth century. The embankment is bordered by a concrete footpath and has several areas of natural rock face. There is a low three tier schist wall along part of Prospect Terrace and in front of Nos 21 and 19 Windsor Road. A recent low bluestone wall borders
2050-426: The top, which forms the forecourt to St Brigid's Church, and is bounded by a bitumen footpath along the base. There are areas of rock face, several varieties of agave sp., trees, small shrubs and grasses. Divided street embankment on Waterworks Rd, Red Hill, between Mornington & Lintern Sts, and returning into the latter. This embankment has a timber rail fence along the top and is bounded by Waterworks Road along
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2100-618: The tramways network was a catalyst for residential development in the western suburbs. In 1926 the Greater Brisbane Council, anxious to control the city's electricity supply, decided to build the Brisbane Powerhouse at New Farm , under the supervision of the BCC Tramways Department. Opened on 28 June 1928, New Farm distributed 11000 volts AC power to a network of eleven suburban tramway substations erected in
2150-473: The work of Ithaca Town Council's landscape gardener, Alexander Jolly, and his transformation of the Ithaca townscape in the early 20th century. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from
2200-417: Was a horticultural enthusiast. Son of a Scottish farmer, Jolly had arrived in Brisbane in 1879, aged 22 years. He was head gardener on Alexander Stewart's Glen Lyon estate at Ashgrove for at least seven years before he went to work for the Ithaca Town Council. Jolly was a self-educated man, whose lifetime of gardening experience transformed the Ithaca townscape in the period c. 1915 -25. His work
2250-630: Was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 22 March 1993. The former tramways substation was erected in 1929–30, during a period of tramways expansion which followed the Brisbane City Council 's 1925 acquisition of the tramways system from the Brisbane Tramways Trust . It was erected on Cook's Hill, along the Paddington Line, on land which was formerly part of the adjacent Ithaca Fire Station . The Brisbane Tramways Company,
2300-419: Was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 22 March 1993 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The Paddington Substation is important in demonstrating part of the evolution and pattern of Queensland's history, in that it provides evidence of Brisbane's early 20th century tramway system and its contribution to
2350-422: Was located. The original location of the relay panel can be seen against the south wall, and the control and feeder panel against the east wall which supplied power to the feeder cables located either end at the top of the east wall. A toilet cubicle is located in the southeast corner of the space, over which an air compressor was once situated. An overhead gantry crane is still intact. A low exit door has been cut in
2400-621: Was named Alexander Jolly Park, in memory of one of the most esteemed men in the district, and as a unique tribute "to the pick and shovel" . Only small sections of the Waterworks Road rockeries remain, and most of the Cook's Hill garden was destroyed when the Paddington Tramways Substation was erected in 1929-30. The rock gardens listed above survive as some of the more intact examples of Jolly's work. They also remain as testament to
2450-416: Was praised by the local community, the Ithaca Town Council, and even Sir Matthew Nathan , Governor of Queensland , who in 1925 wrote that Jolly's good taste has given constant pleasure to so many of us Ithaca residents. Some of Jolly's more prominent projects included the rockeries along Musgrave and Waterworks Roads; the landscaping of Cook's Hill; and the Ithaca War Memorial garden, which, after his death,
2500-485: Was removed, and the building became a storage depot. In 1985, Hands On Art was given a fifteen-year lease of the building. In 2014, Hands On Art was still operating from the building and was running monthly "vintage and artisan" markets. The former tramway substation is a rendered masonry building with a flat concrete roof behind a parapet wall. It is situated prominently adjacent to the intersection of Latrobe and Enoggera Terraces. The symmetrical facades demonstrate
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