18-518: Irish Charter Schools were operated by The Incorporated Society in Dublin for Promoting English Protestant Schools in Ireland. The Charter Schools admitted only Catholics, under the condition that they be educated as Protestants. These schools were intended, in the words of their programme, "to rescue the souls of thousands of poor children from the dangers of Popish superstition and idolatry, and their bodies from
36-456: A charter school for girls at Santry , Dublin. He was responsible for forcing through a bill that revalued the price of gold in 1738, to the benefit of the poor. Dean of Christ Church, Oxford The Dean of Christ Church is the dean of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford and head of the governing body of Christ Church , a constituent college of the University of Oxford . The cathedral
54-564: A marriage portion, assuming they remained Protestant. At this time the Penal Laws were in full force: the Catholic clergy was outlawed, and no Catholic was permitted "publicly or in private houses teach school, or instruct youth in learning", so there was no source of education for Catholics. The charter was granted in 1733 and the king promised £1,000 per annum. The first school was opened at Castledermot on 20 acres (81,000 m) of land donated by
72-709: Is the mother church of the Church of England Diocese of Oxford and seat of the Bishop of Oxford . The chapter of canons of the cathedral formed the governing body of the college from its foundation until the Christ Church (Oxford) Act of 1867, by which the Governing Body was expanded to include the Students (academics) in addition to the Dean and Chapter. The dean was ex officio head of
90-433: The 1780s large discrepancies between the numbers reported to be at the schools, and the actual number found there were found and reported by John Howard, FRS. At that time there were 41 schools and four nurseries in the system. The schools were viewed with the deepest suspicion by Catholics. John Wesley visited the school at Ballinrobe in 1785, where he found children being kept in atrocious conditions. Inspections towards
108-495: The Dublin-born John Rogerson (1676-1741) was made Lord Chief Justice of Ireland in 1727, over strong objections from Boulter, who apart from the question of nationality, disliked him personally. His failure to veto the appointment has been explained by the fact that no English judge was willing to take the position (in addition Richardson was a very rich man, and no doubt supplied financial inducements). His policy
126-565: The Earl of Kildare. Over the following decades further finance was provided by the British government. The school system was overseen by a Committee of Fifteen who met weekly in Suffolk St. in Dublin. However, the numbers attending fell far short of expectations, despite various stratagems resorted to keep up the intake of children, such as taking beggar children off the street and taking in orphan babies. In
144-401: The chapter and ipso facto head of the college. From 26 April 2022 until July 2023, the position was vacant. As of 8 July 2023, Sarah Foot is the first female dean of Christ Church. From the diocese's foundation in 1542 until 1545, the cathedral was at Osney . There, the cathedral deans were: The academic deans of Christ Church's predecessor Oxford colleges were: Both the college and
162-435: The end of the century showed massive abuse of the system, many children receiving little instruction but being used mainly as farm labourers or weavers and subject to squalid conditions, punishment and disease. The reputations and population of the schools continued to decrease from the turn of the 19th century until they petered out around mid-century. Hugh Boulter Hugh Boulter (4 January 1672 – 27 September 1742)
180-509: The great Number of Papists in this Nation". He supported the setting up of the charter school system, "to teach the children of the papists the English tongue, and the principles of the Christian religion", as long as they converted to Protestantism. In 1731 George II was petitioned for a charter to set up these schools, which was granted in 1733. Boulter contributed £400 towards the construction of
198-507: The miseries of idleness and beggary." In 1731 Hugh Boulter , Primate of Armagh, submitted the findings of the Inquiry into Illegal Popish Schools by the House of Lords , which was set up "to prevent the growth of Popery, and to secure this Kingdom from any dangers from the great Number of Papists in this Nation." He advocated a school system "to teach the children of the papists the English tongue, and
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#1733086324619216-539: The people of Ireland, including Jonathan Swift . When the harvest failed in 1729 in Ulster he bought food and supplied it to the region. He did much good work in trying to alleviate the Great Irish Famine (1740-1741) . In 1731 he submitted the findings of the Inquiry into Illegal Popish Schools by the House of Lords , which was set up "to prevent the growth of Popery, and to secure this Kingdom from any dangers from
234-549: The principles of the Christian religion", as long as they converted to Protestantism. The same year, the archbishops and bishops of the Established Church in Ireland, among others, petitioned George II for a charter to set up schools where the children of Irish Catholics would be given free instruction in the English language and the Protestant religion. Boys would learn a trade and girls domestic skills, and maybe even be given
252-714: The successor to George Smalridge as both the Dean of Christ Church and as the Bishop of Bristol . Boulter was controversially offered the primacy of the Church of Ireland in 1724, William King , who as Archbishop of Dublin was the natural successor to the title, being passed over due to his opposition to the Toleration Act , although the official reason was his age. King showed his bitter disappointment at being passed over by refusing to stand in Boulter's presence. As Archbishop of Armagh Boulter
270-551: The university in 1700 Boulter served as a chaplain to several prominent individuals, including Sir Charles Hedges , the Secretary of State for the North , and Thomas Tenison , the Archbishop of Canterbury , before being awarded his D.D. in 1708. After spending seven years working as a rector , Boulter was appointed as the archdeacon of Surrey in 1715. In 1719 Boulter was announced as
288-545: Was a keen supporter of the so-called English interest, and supported the policy of filling all top judicial, political, and ecclesiastical posts in Ireland with Englishmen in order to maintain English power in the country, a position that made him unpopular in Ireland. As Archbishop of Armagh, Boulter served as one of the Lord Justices eight times between 1726 and 1742. He did not always get his own way on judicial appointments:
306-554: Was the Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh , the Primate of All Ireland, from 1724 until his death. He also served as the chaplain to George I from 1719. Boulter was born in London , son of John Boulter, described as a man of "good reputation and estate", and was educated at Merchant Taylors' School before attending Christ Church, Oxford . However, after only a year at Christ Church, he transferred to Magdalen College . After leaving
324-583: Was to leave the Roman Catholics in Ireland subjected to penal legislation. By a statute enacted through Boulter's influence, Catholics were excluded from the legal profession and disqualified from holding offices connected with the administration of law. Under another act passed through Boulter's exertions, they were deprived of the right of voting at elections for members of parliament or magistrates—the sole constitutional right which they had been allowed to exercise. His actions were often viewed with suspicion by
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