137-540: Ipswich Grammar School Buildings are a heritage-listed group of private school buildings at Ipswich Grammar School , Woodend Road, Woodend , Ipswich , City of Ipswich , Queensland , Australia. They were built from 1863 to 1972. They were added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992. Ipswich Grammar School was the first secondary school established in Queensland and its original building
274-422: A decimal currency, the dollar of one hundred cents , was introduced. Under the implementation conversion rate, £A1 was set as the equivalent of $ 2. Thus, ten shillings became $ 1 and one shilling became 10¢. As a shilling was equal to twelve pence, a new cent was worth slightly more than a penny. In 1855, gold full and half sovereigns (worth, respectively, £1 and 10/– sterling) were first minted by
411-608: A "green" buffer zone to the residences lining the other boundary streets. From various locations around the heart of Ipswich, the visitor can glimpse parts of the school's buildings nestled amid well- established trees and lawn. One particularly good vantage point is the southern section of Burnett Street. Another is situated in the area to the east around the Roman Catholic primary school and church. The School caters for students between grades 5 and 12, and its boarder and day-pupil population numbers approximately 800. Of significance are
548-540: A Decimal Currency Committee to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of a decimal currency, and, if a decimal currency was favoured, the unit of account and denominations of subsidiary currency most appropriate for Australia, the method of introduction and the cost involved. The committee presented its report in August 1960. It recommended the introduction of the new system on the second Monday in February 1963. In July 1961
685-648: A Japanese school and a German school. Chinese schools were being founded by the ethnic Chinese in Malaysia as early as the 19th century. They provide secondary education in the Chinese language as the continuation of the primary education in Chinese national-type primary schools. The main medium of instruction in these schools is Mandarin Chinese using simplified Chinese characters . Being private schools, Chinese independent high schools do not receive consistent funding from
822-672: A certain minimum education; Irish state subsidised fee-charging schools must still work towards the Junior Certificate and the Leaving Certificate , for example. The single fee-charging secondary school in Ireland which receives no state funding, the Nord Anglia International School Dublin , does not have to undergo the state supervision which all the other fee-charging schools undergo. Students there also sit
959-455: A collection of specimen banknotes . This uncirculated Australian pound note, with the serial number (red-ink) P000001, was the first piece of currency to carry the coat of arms of Australia . The Australian currency was fixed in value to sterling. As such Australia was on the gold standard so long as Britain was. In 1914, the British government removed sterling from the gold standard. When it
1096-534: A devaluation relative to sterling. A variety of pegs to sterling applied until December 1931, when the government devalued the local unit by 20%, making one Australian pound equal to 16 shillings sterling and one pound sterling equal to 25 Australian shillings. Coins of the Australian pound also circulated freely in New Zealand, although they were never legal tender. By 1931, Australian coins made up approximately 30% of
1233-413: A fee-charging school wishes to employ extra teachers they are paid for with school fees, which tend to be relatively low in Ireland compared to the rest of the world. Because state funding plays a fundamental role in the finances of all but one fee-charging school, they must undergo similar state inspection to non-fee-charging schools. This is due to the requirement that the state ensure that children receive
1370-403: A final smaller gable. The rendered brick two-storey structure that completes this line comprises a double-gable. This structure is Bradfield House and was designed by George Brockwell Gill in 1921. It is extended to the west by a narrow, weatherboard-clad addition. From its southern face is cantilevered a similarly clad, narrow protrusion supported by carved timber brackets . Its northern face to
1507-499: A hallway. At the end of this space a timber stairway leads to the storey above. Its balusters and newel posts are simply turned. Off the hallway opens the Great Hall and a large meeting room as wide as the southern wing. Its walls match those in the Great Hall. Windows open at each short end of the rectangular space. There is a large fireplace and integrated mantel on the west-facing wall made of rendered/plastered brick. The ceiling
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#17328694412461644-444: A host of representative sportsmen. Ipswich Grammar School, bounded by Woodend Road, and Burnett, Waghorn and Darling Streets, is located less than 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) west of the town centre. The campus buildings cluster around a prominent hill overlooking much of Ipswich's central business district and surrounding suburbs. While the school largely uses Woodend Road as its back-of-house address, its sports fields and courts create
1781-485: A large pointed archway. The lowest area corresponds to the large parapeted gables at the main corner where the southern and eastern facades meet. It can be accessed through an entry, with pointed arch, in the south-facing tower's base. The walls are plaster applied to brick. A skirting circumnavigates the entire space. A number of timber honour boards line the walls. The ceilings feature exposed timber rafters with single ties. The rafter ends meet timber columns fixed to
1918-428: A lunchtime gathering place. Its rendered brick is largely undecorated with painted stone, except where it caps the gable parapets. The corrugated iron awning or verandah built in 1890 provides shelter at the courtyard's eastern end. A small single-storey building is attached to the south wall of the yard. Its brick facade is unrendered and has five windows, each with stone sill and keystone. The internal spaces include:
2055-403: A more accurate distinction is between fee-charging schools and non-fee-charging schools. This is because approximately 85% of all schools are private schools ( Irish : scoil phríobháideach ) by virtue of not being owned by the state. The Roman Catholic Church is the largest owner of schools in Ireland, with other religious institutions owning the remaining private schools. Nevertheless, despite
2192-450: A permanent trust fund that would address the needs of the private education sector in the country. In Portugal, private schools were traditionally set up by foreign expatriates and diplomats in order to cater for their educational needs. Portuguese-speaking private schools are widespread across Portugal's main cities. International private schools are mainly concentrated in and around Lisbon , Porto , Braga , Coimbra and Covilhã , across
2329-896: A public school refers to membership of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference , and this includes many independent grammar schools . The term 'public school' historically meant that the school was open to the public (as opposed to private tutors or the school being in private ownership). Many private schools actively compete with prestigious state schools (including state grammar schools and single sex schools ) in academic achievements. There are many old, world-renowned institutions in England that served as inspiration for most schools of their type abroad. These schools include Winchester College , Eton College , St Paul's School , Harrow School , Westminster School , and Rugby School . The Independent Schools Inspectorate regularly publishes reports on
2466-507: A report by Geeta Gandhi Kingdon entitled: The Emptying of Public Schools and Growth of Private Schools in India , it is said that for sensible education-policy making, it is vital to take account of the various changing trends in the size of the private and public schooling sectors in India. Ignoring these trends involves the risk of poor policies/legislation, with adverse effects on children's education. A lot of criticism towards Iranian government
2603-447: A revenue of US$ 450 million in 2008, but is projected to be a US$ 40 billion market. Although there are private schools in India, they are highly regulated in terms of what they can teach, in what form they can operate (must be a non-profit to run any accredited educational institution) and all the other aspects of the operation. Hence, the differentiation between government schools and private schools can be misleading. However, in
2740-455: A science high school. The Fund for Assistance to Private Education (FAPE) is a perpetual trust fund for private education created by Executive Order № 156 s. 1968 and amended by Executive Order № 150 s. 1994. FAPE was created on November 5, 1968 by Executive Order No. 156, in implementation of the project agreement between the Philippine and United States governments to establish
2877-464: A similarly turbulent meeting was staged one week later, it was resolved at the latter gathering in favour of establishing Ipswich Grammar School by 281 votes to 199 votes. Disgruntled Roman Catholics , who believed they were not fairly represented in a committee to facilitate the establishment of the Grammar School, subsequently withdrew their money from the fund. This caused only a minor setback and
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#17328694412463014-411: A small tower that does not sit proud of the wall as the one on the southern elevation does. Its two gables feature the same fenestration scheme used on the southern facade. Also, a bell tower-like finial projection with notched parapet cap features on this facade. Through a pointed archway, further entry can be gained to the rear of the Great Hall and the west-facing courtyard. The first storey windows on
3151-399: A special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history. The buildings and grounds of Ipswich Grammar School have a special association with the life and work of the trustees, headmasters, teachers, students and official visitors, many of whom held distinguished places in Queensland's history or remain prominent figures in
3288-452: A state school, e.g. they must teach the state curriculum, they must employ registered teachers, and they can not charge tuition fees (they can charge "attendance dues" for the upkeep on the still-private school land and buildings). The largest decline in private school numbers occurred between 1979 and 1984, when the nation's then-private Catholic school system integrated. As a result, private schools in New Zealand are now largely restricted to
3425-582: A treed courtyard open to the north, which is lined by part of the rear of the main building and a two-storey, partially enclosed verandah . The facades of the two main perpendicular wings addressing the rest of the campus, feature articulated stonework around windows and capping parapets that are currently painted white. The remainder of the rendered brick is painted a light grey. The roofs throughout are corrugated galvanised iron, with ogee guttering and acroteria . Decorative soldered rainwater heads are also featured. A number of chimneystacks protrude though
3562-494: A view of one of the two dormitory towers. Ipswich Grammar School Buildings were listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. Ipswich Grammar School was opened in 1863 following the enactment of the Grammar Schools Act in 1860. It was Queensland's first secondary school and
3699-655: Is The King’s School , founded in 1831. Catholic schools form the second-largest sector after government schools, with around 21% of secondary enrolments. Catholic schools, typically have a strong religious focus and usually most of the staff and students are Catholic. In 1999, 5.6% of Canadian students were enrolled in private schools, some of which are religious or faith-based schools, including Christian, Jewish, and Islamic schools. Some private schools in Canada are considered world-class, especially some boarding schools. Private schools have sometimes been controversial, with some in
3836-417: Is a school not administered or funded by the government , unlike a public school . Private schools (also known as 'independent schools') are schools that are not dependent upon national or local government to finance their financial endowment . Unless privately owned they typically have a board of governors and have a system of governance that ensures their independent operation. Private schools retain
3973-469: Is any for which the facilities and funding are not provided by the federal, state or local government, as opposed to a public school, which is operated by the government - or in the case of charter schools , independently with government funding and regulation. A majority of private schools in the United States are operated by religious institutions and organizations. In practice, the term "private school"
4110-412: Is because of large gap of University entrance Exam success between public and private school students, number private school growth has seen a 15% growth dominating Iranian education sector. there is a rise of "luxury" schools. Studying for one year term in private schools may cost 50 million as of July 2023. In Ireland, the internationally recognised definition of "private school" is misleading and
4247-470: Is commonly used to denote a non-sectarian school, whereas "church school", "Christian school", and (for Catholic institutions) "parochial school" are used to denote sectarian ones. Independent schools in the United States educate a tiny fraction of the school-age population (slightly over 1% of the entire school-age population). The essential distinction between independent schools and other private schools
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4384-436: Is decorated with an ornate plaster rose and cornice . Above the door and fanlight opening off the hall into this room there is a patch of flaking paint or plaster. Another patch is evident on the meeting room's ceiling. The boardroom accessed from the eastern facade of the main building is smaller and has windows in only one wall. Its ceiling features a simple, double cornice and a plaster rose. The two upper storey rooms of
4521-808: Is generally free, schools that offer instruction in languages other than the official languages of Finland (for example in English) may charge modest fees. There are also unlicensed private schools that do not follow any national curriculum and do not receive public funding. Certificates obtained from such institutions are not recognized as valid proof of education. In 2018, private schools accounted for 3% of basic education institutions and 9% of upper secondary education institutions. All Universities of Applied Sciences are either privately owned or municipality-owned companies or foundations. Some private Universities in Finland operate without legal mandate and are not overseen by
4658-432: Is hipped at each end. The open edge of the verandah roof is supported by six sets of double square timber columns. The southern facade of the building features five windows, a single door at the western end, and a double one at the other. Access to the classroom level is gained through the latter, by ascending a short flight of stairs onto a landing. All the building's windows and doors are round-headed. On each short face of
4795-475: Is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history, especially with regards to the development of an educational system in Queensland during a period of important pedagogical change. The history of the School is also reflective of the emergence of Ipswich during the mid-19th century as an important centre for social, cultural and industrial advancement. The place is important in demonstrating
4932-401: Is on Darling Street, where the headmaster's residence is located, marked by a large stand of gum trees . Behind the house is an area of established planting, featuring a waterfall and a number of large palm trees and a Norfolk pine . The driveway winds between the ovals and provides, to the north-west, a view of the current music building above its stepped retaining walls, and to the south-east,
5069-469: Is on a sliding scale and still has a "capacity to pay" element; however, on average, funding granted to the private school sector is 40 percent of that required to operate government schools, the remainder being made up by tuition fees and donations from parents. The majority of the funding comes from the Commonwealth Government, while the state and territory governments provide about one-third of
5206-665: Is reflected not only in its physical expansion over the years but also in its mentoring of many distinguished Old Boys, including Alfred Paxton Backhouse , son of the architect who designed the school and one-time Deputy-Chancellor of Sydney University ; John Job Crew Bradfield , Chief Engineer during the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and designer of the Story Bridge in Brisbane; Hugh Cornish , television executive; Sir Harry Gibbs , former High Court judge; as well as
5343-564: Is self-governance and financial independence. In contrast, public schools are funded and governed by local and state governments, and most parochial schools are owned, governed, and financed by religious institutions such as a diocese or parish. Independent schools may be affiliated with a particular religion or denomination; however, unlike parochial schools, independent schools are self-owned and governed by independent boards of trustees. While independent schools are not subject to significant government oversight or regulation, they are accredited by
5480-517: Is the unique characteristic of this segment of the education industry, offering schools four freedoms that contribute to their success: the freedom to define their own unique missions; the freedom to admit and keep only those students well-matched to the mission; the freedom to define the qualifications for high quality teachers; and the freedom to determine on their own what to teach and how to assess student achievement and progress. Australian pound The pound ( sign : £ , £A for distinction)
5617-611: Is their decision whether to engage tutors". Some of the oldest schools in South Africa are private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century. The private sector has grown ever since. After the abolition of apartheid, the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Act of 1996 recognizes two categories of schools: "public" (state-controlled) and "independent" (which includes traditional private schools and schools which are privately governed). In
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5754-516: The Shin Min Daily News estimated that there were around 540 tuition centres offering private tuition in Singapore. Due to their high demand, tuition centres are able to charge high fees for their services; they have an annual turnover of SGD$ 110.6 million in 2005. The official government stance on private tuition is that "it understands parents want the best for their children and that it
5891-764: The Governor-General . The first coins were issued in 1910, produced by the Royal Mint in London. The Fisher Government 's Australian Notes Act 1910 gave the Governor-General the power to authorise the Treasurer to issue "Australian notes" as legal tender, "payable in gold coin on demand at the Commonwealth Treasury ". It also prohibited the circulation of state notes and withdrew their status as legal tender. In
6028-579: The International Baccalaureate rather than the Irish Leaving Certificate which every other Irish secondary school student sits. In exchange, however, Nord Anglia students pay some €25,000 per annum in fees, compared to c. €4,000 – €8,000 per annum fees by students in all other fee-charging Irish schools. Many fee-charging schools in Ireland also double as boarding schools. The fees for these may then rise up to €25,000 per year. All
6165-691: The Scottish Council of Independent Schools (SCIS). All schools are still inspected by the state inspectorate, Education Scotland , and the Care Inspectorate . Independent schools in Scotland that are charities are subject to a specific test from the Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator , designed to demonstrate the public benefit the schools provide. In the United States, a private school
6302-591: The (first) Gonski Report , the funding formula was changed to compute individual school funding compared to a School Resourcing Standard (SRS). The SRS uses exam results from the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy tests, calculates the SRS from a cohort of well-performing schools, and applies this formula to other schools on the assumption that they should be able to achieve similar results from similar funding. The funding provided to private schools
6439-576: The 15th century when William of Wayneflete established the Free Grammar School . During the 18th and 19th centuries, grammar schools in Britain began expanding the curricula beyond the confines of classics and the Ipswich Grammar School was established in this climate of educational change, expansion and centralization. In stark contrast, education in pre-Separation Queensland was limited to
6576-701: The Catholic schismatic group , the Society of St Pius X in Wanganui operates three private schools (including the secondary school, St Dominic's College ). A recent group of private schools run as a business has been formed by Academic Colleges Group ; with schools throughout Auckland, including ACG Senior College in Auckland's CBD, ACG Parnell College in Parnell , and international school ACG New Zealand International College . In
6713-447: The Commonwealth Government confirmed its support of a decimal currency system, but considered it undesirable to make final decisions on the detailed arrangement that would be necessary to effect the change. On 7 April 1963 the Commonwealth Government announced that a system of decimal currency was to be introduced into Australia at the earliest practicable date, and gave February 1966, as the tentative change-over date. On 14 February 1966,
6850-518: The Commonwealth amount. The Turnbull government commissioned Gonski in 2017 to chair the independent Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools, commonly called Gonski 2.0. The government published the report on 30 April 2018. Following negotiation, bilateral agreements between the Commonwealth of Australia with each state and territory commenced on 1 January 2019, with
6987-486: The Great Hall, a ground floor meeting room and entrance hall adjacent to it on the southern facade, a ground floor boardroom, and a secondary north wing. The interiors generally reflect the variations in character expressed on the facades. The Great Hall is currently used for orchestra rehearsals and houses the school's museum display. The two parts of the T-shaped space are separated by a short flight of stairs (3 risers) and
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#17328694412467124-640: The Karl Langer Building (1961); and the Fox and Hancock dormitory towers (1972). The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. The School's original building, designed by Benjamin Backhouse, remains a significant example of Gothic Revival architecture. It initially occupied a prominent position within the Ipswich townscape, and it remains an historical landmark with aesthetic qualities. The place has
7261-533: The Malaysian government, although they did receive some funding from some state governments as well as in the 2019 and 2020 budgets under the Pakatan Harapan government. However, in accordance with their aim of providing affordable education to all in the Chinese language, their school fees are substantially lower than those of most other private schools. The schools are kept alive almost exclusively by donations from
7398-604: The Ministry of Education and Culture. Graduates from these universities must undergo the same verification process as those holding foreign degrees. The right to create private schools in Germany is in Article 7, Paragraph 4 of the Grundgesetz and cannot be suspended even in a state of emergency . It is also not possible to abolish these rights. This unusual protection of private schools
7535-606: The Philippines, the private sector has been a major provider of educational services. Private schools are generally free to determine their curriculum in accordance with existing laws and regulations. Science high schools are special schools for the more intellectually promising students to foster the problem-solving approach of critical thinking. As separate high schools, they have specific characteristics not found in regular high schools. However, any private or public high school can aspire to meet these minimum standards and be considered
7672-659: The Portuguese region of Algarve , and in the autonomous region of Madeira . The Ministério da Educação acts as the supervisory and regulatory body for all schools, including international schools. In Singapore, after Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE), students can choose to enter a private high school. Private tuition is a lucrative industry in Singapore, since many parents send their children for private tuition after school. A straw poll by The Straits Times newspaper in 2008 found that out of 100 students interviewed, only 3 students did not have any form of tuition. In 2010,
7809-670: The Queensland community. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014). [REDACTED] Media related to Ipswich Grammar School Buildings at Wikimedia Commons Private school A private school
7946-561: The School has continued to expand and that growth is reflected in its physical development. Between 1980 and 1982, the original building of 1863 was refurbished and Bradfield House was converted into accommodation by Bruce Buchanan . In 1985, Buchanan was again employed to design a new Art School, which was completed by renovating an existing war memorial boarding house. Two years later, the Clive Wyman Building (also designed by Bruce Buchanan and David Pagendam Architects in association)
8083-527: The School. Backhouse was born in Ipswich , Suffolk , England, in 1829 and found early employment as a stonemason with his father before working on his own as a builder-architect. In 1852 he emigrated to Victoria , and, following a sojourn in England in 1861, he returned to Australia, where he settled in Brisbane. After winning the competition for Ipswich Grammar School, there was a dispute between Backhouse and his then business partner, Thomas Taylor, over credit for
8220-567: The Sydney Mint. These coins were the only non-Imperial denominations issued by any of the Australian mints until after Federation (the Sydney Mint struck Imperial gold sovereigns and half sovereigns starting in 1871, and the Melbourne Mint starting in 1872). In 1910, .925 fineness sterling silver coins were minted in denominations of 3d, 6d, 1/– and 2/– (known as a Trey, Zac, Deena, and Florin respectively). Unusually no half crown (worth 2/6)
8357-913: The United Kingdom and several other Commonwealth countries including Australia, Canada and New Zealand the use of the term is generally restricted to primary and secondary educational levels, and it is almost never used of universities or other tertiary institutions. Private education in North America covers the whole gamut of educational activity, ranging from pre-school to tertiary level institutions. Annual tuition fees at K–12 schools range from nothing at so called 'tuition-free' schools to more than $ 45,000 at several New England University-preparatory schools . The secondary level includes university-preparatory schools, boarding schools , and day schools . Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to school and depends on many factors, including
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#17328694412468494-657: The War Memorial Teaching Complex, the Earle Williams Building and headmasters' residence were also constructed. Five years later, the science building that was built in 1912 was refurbished to accommodate what is currently known as the Music School and an open-air theatre was built in the School grounds. In 1978, the Earle Williams Building was extended and the following year a swimming pool, gymnasium and tennis courts were installed. In more recent times,
8631-561: The adoption of the Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009, private schools were required to be 'government-recognised'. A private school would be eligible for government recognition when it met certain conditions. At the primary and secondary level, India has a large private school system complementing the government run schools, with 29% of students receiving private education in the 6 to 14 age group. Certain post-secondary technical schools are also private. The private education market in India had
8768-405: The building, looking east and west, are featured three windows. On the northern facade addressing the main school complex are six windows and two doors. On this facade, at the western end, a single chimneystack is expressed. The interior consists of a single classroom whose walls and ceiling are currently lined with acoustic particleboard. The remainder of the School's buildings are dispersed around
8905-483: The campus, largely to the north, east and south. A short end of the Langer-designed classroom block is situated close to the east-facing wing of the main building complex, and stretches away from it down the natural slope of the land. The two sporting ovals face Burnett, Darling and Waghorn Streets, while the gymnasium, swimming pool and tennis courts address the northern end of Waghorn Street. The main driveway entrance
9042-469: The campus. In plan the main building complex has two long, perpendicular wings meeting at the Great Hall, which is T-shaped. This corner presents a strong face to visitors on the main driveway . A parapet coping is still visible to indicate where the 1863 end to the Great Hall was situated. Against the east-facing wing, running parallel with the opposing wing, another line of building has been situated. The significant part of this wing probably began life as
9179-573: The committee was able to report it had acquired all but £ 40 of the necessary funds by 11 March 1862. Two weeks later, the first Trustees were elected and in April 1862 they decided to call for plans and specifications with a prize of £ 20 for the best submission and £ 10 for the second best proposal. Ultimately, Benjamin Backhouse was the only one to respond to the Trustees call and his plans were accepted after some modifications to make allowance for toilets in
9316-530: The complex are in the Gothic Revival style and currently comprise classrooms, a Great Hall, towers, residential accommodation, some offices and a number of meeting rooms. Originally, its siting on an eastward-sloping incline had addressed the city centre across an intervening valley. However, the view of its impressive mixture of steeply pitched, parapeted gables , longitudinal ridgelines, and crenellated octagonal towers, has been masked by later development on
9453-432: The complex of buildings completed between 1863 and 1921, and the single-storey building (currently occupied by the music department) located in the southern vicinity of it, which began life in 1912 as the science block. These are described below. This complex of buildings is made of brick and stone, which was subsequently rendered and painted. Various small weatherboard -clad additions have been made to it. The main wings of
9590-459: The courtyard is identical except that the bricks are not rendered. Its windows are square-headed, and their stone sill and keystones are clearly visible on the unrendered facade . The courtyard can be entered from the west, or via a narrow passageway through the southern facade's single-storey section. The main building's east-facing wing consists of a similar series of stone-capped parapeted gables; however, they are smaller in scale. It features
9727-399: The design. It is likely, however, from Backhouse's other work, which included over 100 buildings in Queensland, that Ipswich Grammar School was his design. The Trustees had a more enthusiastic response to a call for tenders following the acceptance of Backhouse's plans, with several replies received. With a quote of £ 2890, the submission of the Ipswich building firm McLaughlin & Ferguson
9864-603: The development of Queensland education - the Education Act which saw the creation of a Board of General Education and the Grammar Schools Act 1860 which encouraged the establishment of grammar schools by providing a government subsidy of £ 1000 when an equal sum of money was raised by donation or subscription in any district. Early efforts were made to establish a grammar school in Brisbane , but sectarian rancour resulted in
10001-404: The east face. A stone course at sill height wraps around the hall's exterior, as do two, lower baselines. The first and second-storey windows to the tower are square-headed. Those in the two other gables on this facade are square-headed to the ground floor and triangular-headed above. On the southern facade, west of the tower, are located a further large parapeted gable, a single-storey section and
10138-650: The education system has always been separate from the rest of Great Britain , the term 'public school' was used historically to refer to state schools for the general public. According to The Good Schools Guide about 7% of children being educated in the United Kingdom are at fee-charging schools at GCSE level and 13% at A-level. Some independent schools are single-sex, although this is becoming less common. In 2011, fees range from under £3,000 to £21,000 and above per year for day pupils, rising to over £27,000 per year for boarders. Costs differ in Scotland. One in four independently educated children come from postcodes with
10275-401: The entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s as a result of many private schools opting to become state-integrated schools , mostly due to financial difficulties stemming from changes in student numbers or the economy. State-integrated schools keep their private school special character and receives state funds in return for having to operate like
10412-449: The exception of Victoria, whose bilateral agreement commenced on 1 February 2019. The funding agreements provide states with funding for government schools (20 percent) and non-government schools (80 percent) taking into consideration annual changes in enrolment numbers, indexation and student or school characteristics. A National School Resourcing Board was charged with the responsibility of independently reviewing each state's compliance with
10549-464: The expense of enrolments in government schools, which have seen their enrolment share reduce from 78.1 percent to 65 percent since 1970, although the rate of growth of private schools has slowed in the later years. Australian private schools differ from those in other OECD nations as the Australian Government provides funding to all schools including private schools. In 2013, after release of
10686-528: The final years of the apartheid era, parents at white government schools were given the option to convert to a "semi-private" form called Model C , and many of these schools changed their admissions policies to accept children classified to be of other races. These schools tend to produce better academic results than government schools formerly reserved for other "race groups". Former "Model C" schools are state-controlled, not private. All schools in South Africa (including both independent and public schools) have
10823-512: The first Commonwealth notes. Some of these banknotes were overprinted by the Treasury, and circulated as Australian banknotes until new designs were ready for Australia's first federal government-issued banknotes, which commenced in 1913. In May 2015, the National Library of Australia announced that it had discovered the first £A 1 banknote printed by the Commonwealth of Australia, among
10960-550: The first room a small dormer with three triangular-headed windows opens onto the north-facing tree-lined court. In the last room to the west, a set of three square-headed windows open through the wall facing north. The westernmost room can be accessed via a classroom in the newer part of the Murray Hancock Complex. This building is rectangular in plan, single-storeyed and has a hipped roof of corrugated galvanised iron. Its walls are rendered and painted brick in keeping with
11097-737: The funding agreement(s). Private school fees can vary from under $ 100 per month to $ 2,000 and upwards, depending on the student's year level, the school's size, and the socio-economics of the school community. In late 2018 it was reported the most expensive private schools (such as AAGPS and CAS schools in New South Wales , GPS and QGSSSA schools in Queensland , AGSV and APS schools in Victoria ) charge fees of up to $ 500,000 for thirteen years of education. The oldest private school in Australia
11234-495: The government, it can be an aided or an unaided school. Demand for private schools has been growing over the years. While a consensus over what is the most significant driver of this growth in private schooling has not yet emerged, some authors have attributed this to a higher demand for English-medium education, a dissatisfaction with the quality of public schools, greater affordability of private schools, and non-availability of preferred field of study in government schools. After
11371-429: The gymnasium shed designed by Francis Drummond Greville Stanley and built in 1877. A further parapet coping protrudes through the roof along this wing to indicate where the 1863 building ended. The placement of the wing creates a rectangular courtyard that is open to the west. Connected to it to the north is the Murray Hancock Complex, which has been greatly extended and altered since 1946. The original wing looks onto
11508-430: The hall the windows are opening into. This means visual contact can only be made with the sky. The second part of the Great Hall can be accessed via the bell tower in the eastern facade. Over a 4 metres (13 ft) length of its wall the skirting rises in a sudden break by 20 centimetres (7.9 in). The plastered wall continues below it. A number of brass-ribbed plates are fixed to the floor at regular intervals where
11645-521: The highly esteemed architect, Francis Drummond Greville Stanley , whose work came to include the Queensland Supreme Court (no longer extant), General Post Office and Queensland National Bank building in Brisbane, was employed on the less illustrious job of designing the school's gymnasium shed as well as other additions and alterations. The work was carried out by John Farrely at a cost of £ 1262. In other developments around this time, water
11782-1340: The largest cities (Auckland, Hamilton, Wellington and Christchurch) and niche markets. Private schools are almost fully funded by tuition fees paid by students' parents, but they do receive some government subsidies. Private schools are popular for academic and sporting performance, prestige, exclusivity and old boys/girls networks; however, many state-integrated schools and some prestigious single-sex state schools, such as Auckland Grammar School and Wellington College , are actively competitive with private schools in academic and sporting achievement, history and character. Private schools are often Anglican, such as King's College and Diocesan School for Girls in Auckland, St Paul's Collegiate School in Hamilton, St Peter's School in Cambridge , Samuel Marsden Collegiate School in Wellington, and Christ's College and St Margaret's College in Christchurch; or Presbyterian, such as Saint Kentigern College and St Cuthbert's College in Auckland, Scots College and Queen Margaret College in Wellington, and St Andrew's College and Rangi Ruru Girls' School in Christchurch. However,
11919-588: The laying of a sports ground, which cost a total of £ 1,200 and was opened on 13 June 1925. With the Great Depression of the 1930s and the outbreak of the Second World War , government spending on education was reduced and Ipswich Grammar School had no further building developments during that time. Following the end of the Second World War, William George Henderson became headmaster of the school and
12056-575: The learning of disabled children. In Australia, private schools are mostly operated by an independently elected school council or board of governors and range broadly in the type of school-education provided and the socio-economics of the school community served. Most private schools are run by religious institutes while others have no religious affiliation and are driven by a national philosophy (such as international schools ), pedogogical philosophy (such as Waldorf-Steiner schools ), or specific needs (such as special schools ). Australia has one of
12193-445: The main building complex it is adjacent to. The render is scored to create the illusion of large masonry blocks. An approximately 3.5-metre (11 ft) wide verandah is attached to the building's southern facade. It overlooks a large cricket oval separated from it and the building by a series of stepped stone retaining walls. Bounding the oval is Burnett Street. The verandah roof meets the main building wall just under its fascia and
12330-514: The media and in Ontario's Provincial Ministry of Education asserting that students may buy inflated grades from private schools. In Finland, education takes place in state-run, municipality-run, and private schools. To qualify for public funding, all schools must receive a license from the Ministry of Education and Culture and align with the national curriculum and educational standards. While education
12467-566: The most privatised education systems in the world with 30 per cent of primary students and more than 40 per cent of secondary students attending private schools. In contrast the OECD average is 18 per cent. Catholic schools make up a sizeable proportion of total enrolment (nearly 15%) and are usually regarded as a school sector of their own within the broad category of private schools, often charging lower fees than Protestant private schools. Enrolment in non-government schools have been growing steadily at
12604-429: The name of educational quality, most comply with regulations relating to the educational content of classes. Religious private schools often add religious instruction to the courses provided by local public schools. Special assistance schools aim to improve the lives of their students by providing services tailored to the particular needs of individual students. Such schools include tutoring schools and schools to assist
12741-433: The national average income or below, and one in three receive assistance with school fees. Evidence from a major longitudinal study suggests that British independent schools provide advantages in educational attainment and access to top universities. In England and Wales, the more prestigious independent schools are known as ' public schools ', sometimes subdivided into major and minor public schools. A modern definition of
12878-609: The opportunity to choose the school they prefer. For instance, the biggest school chain, Kunskapsskolan ("The Knowledge School"), offers 30 schools and a web-based environment, has 700 employees and teaches nearly 10,000 pupils. Private schools are also known as independent schools, because of their freedom to operate outside government and local government control. Elite institutions for older pupils, which charge high fees, are typically described as public schools . Preparatory schools in England and Wales prepare pupils up to 13 years old to enter public schools. In Scotland, where
13015-507: The past century. Some private schools are associated with a particular religious denomination or religion , such as Roman Catholicism , various branches of Protestantism or Judaism . Although private schools may have a religious affiliation, the precise use of the term excludes parochial (and other) schools if there is a financial dependence upon, or governance subordinate to, outside organizations. These definitions generally apply equally to both primary and secondary education . In
13152-416: The period from the 1870s to the turn of the century was characterized by undulating economic fortunes, it was a period that represented an era of expansion for the school with pupil numbers reaching a peak in the mid-1880s and further building improvements and ground work being carried out. In 1876, a tender of £ 20 was accepted for "laying down of a cricket ground and clearing the paddock". The following year,
13289-462: The plan of the best public schools of the Mother Country . . . . The school buildings situated on the western hill - overlooking the town of Ipswich and from that elevated position command a varied and extensive view of the surrounding country". The school became a landmark of Ipswich and a reflection of the growing importance of the town as a centre for business and industrial activity. Its opening
13426-434: The principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. The School is also important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a mid-19th century Queensland grammar school, and its evolution demonstrates key shifts in educational policy and practices as well as changes in Queensland's economic climate. The original School building was built in the early 1860s and the growth of Ipswich Grammar School over
13563-579: The public. In the Netherlands over two-thirds of state-funded schools operate autonomously, with many of these schools being linked to faith groups. The Programme for International Student Assessment , coordinated by the OECD , ranks the education in the Netherlands as the 9th best in the world as of 2008, being significantly higher than the OECD average. As of April 2014, there were 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of
13700-442: The quality of education in all independent schools. In Scotland, schools not state -funded are known as independent or private schools. Independent schools may also be specialist or special schools – such as some music schools, Steiner Waldorf Education schools, or special education schools. Scottish independent schools currently educate over 31,000 students and employ approximately 3,500 teachers. Schools are represented by
13837-407: The remaining sections of this facade are square-headed, and sit at such a height in relation to the wall and steeply pitched roof that they have their own dormer roofs. This is accommodated by the cathedral ceilings on the interior. The east-facing wing is closed at its northern end with a weatherboard-clad gable addition. The courtyard open to the west is very informal in character and is used as
13974-469: The right to legislate with respect to "currency, coinage, and legal tender". The Deakin government 's Coinage Act 1909 distinguished between "British coin" and "Australian coin", giving both status as legal tender of equal value. The Act gave the Treasurer the power to issue silver, bronze and nickel coins, with the dimensions, size, denominations, weight and fineness to be determined by proclamation of
14111-562: The right to select their students and are funded in whole or in part by charging their students for tuition , rather than relying on taxation through public (government) funding; at some private schools students may be eligible for a scholarship, lowering this tuition fee, dependent on a student's talents or abilities (e.g., sports scholarship, art scholarship, academic scholarship), need for financial aid, or tax credit scholarships that might be available. Roughly one in 10 U.S. families have chosen to enroll their children in private school for
14248-437: The right to set compulsory school fees, and formerly model C schools tend to set much higher school fees than other public schools. In Sweden, pupils are free to choose a private school and the private school gets paid the same amount as municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008. Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher model that provides Swedish pupils with
14385-440: The roof. On the east-facing building's facade the Great Hall reads as an impressive notched parapeted gable that incorporates five tall, narrow triangular-headed windows. Each end of the stone parapet cap is curved before meeting a relief line from the wall and finishing parallel with the roof's pitch. The Hall's gable parapet facing south is more simply capped, as are all others. It incorporates three windows identical to those in
14522-404: The same six regional accreditation agencies that accredit public schools . The National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) is a membership organization of American pre-college independent schools. The NAIS provides this definition of an independent school: Independent schools are 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporate entities, independent in governance and finance, meaning: Independence
14659-525: The same year the Bank Notes Tax Act 1910 was passed imposing a prohibitive tax of 10% per annum on "all bank notes issued or re-issued by any bank in the Commonwealth after the commencement of this Act, and not redeemed", which effectively ended the use of private currency in Australia. As a transitional measure lasting three years, blank note forms of 16 banks were supplied to the government in 1911 to be overprinted as redeemable in gold and issued as
14796-492: The school flourished under the leadership of "The Boss" as Kerr was affectionately known. Between 1914 and 1930 student numbers more than doubled from 96 to 198, and demand for extra teaching space resulted in the construction in 1923 of 4 brick classrooms in a two-storey building on the western side of the Masters' Common Room and a reconditioning of the old museum in 1930 to cater for Geography and History classes. This period also saw
14933-470: The school's location, the willingness of parents to pay, peer tuitions, and the school's financial endowment . Some private schools are boarding schools, and many military academies are privately owned or operated as well. Religiously affiliated and denominational schools form a subcategory of private schools. Some such schools teach religious education , together with the usual academic subjects, to impress their particular faith's beliefs and traditions in
15070-448: The secondary wing whose length faces north, feature cathedral ceilings similar to those in the Great Hall. While these rooms are spacious their scale and character does not compare to that of the Great Hall. A set of tall, narrow square-headed windows open off each room onto the informal courtyard or play area. Sill height is approximately 3 metres (9.8 ft), making the spaces inward looking or internalised. The walls are painted brick. In
15207-408: The skirting moves up the wall. A choir stall projects above a 2.1-metre (6 ft 11 in) high section at the rear of this area. The stall is supported by carved timber brackets, and its solid balustrade features applied, polished timber decoration. A door in the base opens onto stairs leading to the level above. Through the base of the main tower, access is gained through a pointed archway to
15344-406: The state-subsidised fee-charging schools are run by a religious order, e.g., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers , etc. The major private schools being Blackrock College , Clongowes Wood College , Castleknock College , Belvedere College , Gonzaga College and Terenure College . There are also a few fee-charging international schools in Ireland, including a French school,
15481-641: The students who attend. Others use the denomination as a general label to describe what the founders based their belief, while still maintaining a fine distinction between academics and religion. They include parochial schools , a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K–12 private education sector include Protestants, Jews, Muslims, and Orthodox Christians. Many educational alternatives , such as private schools or online schools , are privately financed. Private schools often avoid some state regulations, although in
15618-434: The suspension of the proposal. In Ipswich, however, progress was made quite rapidly with £ 1000 subscribed by June 1861, but it was not without rankled debate. On 20 August 1861, the first meeting was held to discuss the establishment of the Ipswich Grammar School, which was chaired by local Mayor John Murphy and attended by some 200 people. Although sectarian rivalries resulted in the meeting ending in chaos and brawling, and
15755-442: The teaching of reading, writing, arithmetic and religious instruction, and was often a parochial venture conducted from the parlours of private establishments or homes. When Queensland was declared a separate colony from New South Wales on 10 December 1859, the new Queensland Government faced the increasing need to provide an educational system for the new colony. Two significant pieces of legislation were enacted in 1860 to facilitate
15892-481: The time. As one pound sterling went from US$ 4.03 to US$ 2.80, the Australian pound went from US$ 3.224 to US$ 2.24. Decimalisation had been proposed for Australian currency since 1902, when a select committee of the House of Representatives , chaired by George Edwards , had recommended that Australia adopt a decimal currency with the florin (two shillings) as its base. In February 1959 the Commonwealth Government appointed
16029-583: The total circulation in New Zealand. The devaluation of Australian and New Zealand exchange rates relative to the pound sterling led to New Zealand's Coinage Act 1933 and the issuing of the first coinage of the New Zealand pound . During World War II, the Empire of Japan produced currency notes denominated in the Australian pound for use in Pacific island countries intended for occupation. Since mainland Australia
16166-418: The two World Wars. The pressure on accommodation caused by the increase in boarders during the 1950s resulted in the School's dining room being enlarged and provision made for a new kitchen, laundry and ablution block. Undoubtedly the most significant building achievement in this period was the construction of a new block costing over £ 100,000 and designed by the architect Dr Karl Langer . The foundation stone
16303-467: The vast majority of schools being under the ownership of private institutions, a large majority of all their costs, including teachers' salaries, are paid for by the Irish state. Of these private schools, only a very small minority actually charge fees. In 2007, 'The number of schools permitted to charge fees represents 7.6% of the 723 post primary level schools and they cater for 7.1% of the total enrolment.' If
16440-490: The walls and bearing on a small, shaped extrusion of stone. The timber structure is stop chamfered. Secondary structural members are also featured where there is a valley or hip in the roof. Behind all this structure is a lining made up of approximately 20-centimetre (7.9 in) wide jointed timber boards. All timber ceiling structure and lining is painted. Sill height throughout is approximately 2 to 2.5 metres (6 ft 7 in to 8 ft 2 in) depending on which part of
16577-503: The years is reflected in its physical expansion. The original building was expanded in 1865 and further building works were carried out in 1877, 1890 and 1921. Today, the Ipswich Grammar School site is an integrated complex of buildings. Apart from the main building complex, the principal structures with heritage significance include the Music School, formerly the science block (1912); the Murray Hancock Memorial Block (1946);
16714-547: Was also employed in 1921 to design a two-storey building for the school, which became known as Bradfield House and was built by Mr Pickles at a cost of £ 2466. In the first year of Flint's headmastership an application was also lodged with the Lands Department to sell a portion of the School grounds. The application was unsuccessful, but it was renewed some years later with approval granted in March 1910, when Bertram George Lawrance
16851-424: Was born in Ireland and migrated to Australia in the 1840s. Hawthorne served as headmaster until 1868 and during his time extensions to the Great Hall were carried out by McLaughlin & Ferguson in 1865 at a cost of £ 4500 for the buildings and £ 188 for the fittings. In the next 32 years, Ipswich Grammar School had just 2 principals - John Macrae from 1869 to 1875 and Donald Cameron from 1875 to 1900. Although
16988-493: Was constructed in the early 1860s, constituting a fine example of Gothic Revival architecture . The term " grammar school " dates as far back as the early days of Christianity when the Church maintained the connection between Christian education and the study of "grammar" or, more precisely, classical languages and literature. While the history of grammar schools dates from these early origins, English schools teaching grammar date from
17125-432: Was ever issued. Bronze ½d and 1d coins followed in 1911. Production of half sovereigns ceased in 1916, followed by that of sovereigns in 1931. In 1937 a crown (5/– piece, known as a Dollar) was issued to commemorate the coronation of King George VI . This coin proved unpopular in circulation and was discontinued shortly after being reissued in 1938. In 1946, the fineness of Australian silver sixpences, shillings, and florins
17262-477: Was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future. In Italy education is predominantly public; about one-fifth of schools are private, attended by about one out of 10 Italian schoolchildren. The Italian constitution states that education is to be public, free, and compulsory for at least eight years. In India, private schools are called independent schools, but since some private schools receive financial aid from
17399-407: Was laid on 16 September 1961 and the building consists of 13 classrooms, 2 science demonstration rooms, 3 laboratories, offices, masters' rooms, wash room, and locker area. The 1970s was a period of growth for the School, as evidenced by the building programme of the time. In 1972, the Fox and Hancock dormitory towers were designed by Stephen Trotter and built by KD Morris & Sons. That same year
17536-556: Was laid on at the School in 1879 and 4 years later a gas supply was installed. The School also had a verandah added in 1890, which was built by contractors Worley & Whitehead. At the turn of the 20th century, Charles Alfred Flint became principal of the school and remained there until 1907. A covered balcony was designed in Flint's first year at Ipswich Grammar School by George Brockwell Gill , who had previously worked on Ipswich Girls' Grammar School and Ipswich Technical College . Gill
17673-522: Was never occupied or intended to be occupied , the occupation currency was not used there, but it was used in the captured parts of the then-Australian territories of Papua and New Guinea . In 1949, when the United Kingdom devalued sterling against the US dollar , Australian Prime Minister and Treasurer Ben Chifley followed suit so the Australian pound would not become over-valued in sterling zone countries with which Australia did most of its external trade at
17810-481: Was opened by the then Education Minister, Lin Powell , and used to house the school's library and computer facilities. The late 1980s also saw the construction of a new $ 2.5 million administration facility and clock tower and in 1990 a cricket storage shed as well as a new scoreboard were erected in the school grounds. Ipswich Grammar School remains a dominant icon on the local landscape. Its long and distinguished history
17947-620: Was principal. A sale was realized the following year with 2½ acres at the northeastern end of the school grounds released at a price of £ 851. The money raised from this sale as well as a government subsidy were used to build and equip a new science building, designed by Gill, as well as new servants' quarters and a room for sick boarders in 1912. Soon after the outbreak of the First World War , Richard Alexander Kerr became headmaster of Ipswich Grammar School and he remained there until 1945. These were obviously tumultuous and uncertain times, but
18084-823: Was reduced to .500, a quarter of a century after the same change had been made in Britain. In New Zealand and the United Kingdom, silver was soon abandoned completely in everyday coinage, but Australian .500 silver coins continued to be minted until after decimalisation. Examples of private issue paper currency in New South Wales, denominated in sterling, exist from 1814 (and may date back to the 1790s). Denominated in sterling (and in some cases Spanish dollars ), these private banker and merchant scrip notes were used in Sydney and Hobart through 1829. Private issue banknotes were issued between 1817 and 1910 in denominations ranging from £1 to £100. In 1910, superscribed banknotes were used as
18221-483: Was returned to the gold standard in 1925, the sudden increase in its value (imposed by the nominal gold price) unleashed crushing deflationary pressures. Both the initial 1914 inflation and the subsequent 1926 deflation had far-reaching economic effects throughout the British Empire , Australia and the world. In 1929, as an emergency measure during the Great Depression , Australia left the gold standard, resulting in
18358-511: Was succeeded by 4 other principals to 1968. Building expansions once more became necessary as student enrolments began to increase. In 1946 a new wing was added for boarders and called The Murray Hancock Memorial Block, named after an Ipswich Grammar School Old Boy who had died in the Second World War. The following year, the War Memorial Library was opened and in 1954 a brass tablet was erected to commemorate those former students who died in
18495-553: Was successful. McLaughlin & Ferguson was a relatively new business, but the partners, David McLaughlin and William Lackey Ferguson, were most likely longstanding friends who first became acquainted in their Irish hometown of Newtown in Limavardy . By September 1863, work on Ipswich Grammar School had progressed well and it was announced in The Queensland Times that the school would: "be conducted as nearly as possible upon
18632-578: Was suitably majestic with the Queensland Governor , Sir George Bowen , presiding over the event on 25 September 1863. Within 2 weeks, the school received its first pupils and in its first 3 years student numbers steadily increased but waned in the subsequent 3 years owing to the worsening economic climate and the opening of the Brisbane Grammar School in 1869. This was a period overseen by the School's first headmaster, Stuart Hawthorne , who
18769-532: Was the currency of Australia from 1910 until 14 February 1966, when it was replaced by the Australian dollar . Like other £sd currencies, it was subdivided into 20 shillings (denoted by the symbol s or /– ), each of 12 pence (denoted by the symbol d ). The establishment of a separate Australian currency was contemplated by section 51(xii) of the Constitution of Australia , which gave Federal Parliament
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