Misplaced Pages

#753246

57-494: The International Solar Alliance ( ISA ) is an alliance of more than 120 signatory countries, most being sunshine countries , which lie either completely or partly between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn . The primary objective of the alliance is to work for the efficient consumption of solar energy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels . This initiative was first proposed by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in

114-569: A speech in November 2015 at Wembley Stadium in which he referred to sunshine countries as Suryaputra ("Sons of the Sun"). The alliance is a treaty -based inter-governmental organization . Countries that do not fall within the Tropics can join the alliance and enjoy all benefits as other members, with the exception of voting rights. Bangladesh boasts the world's most extensive off-grid solar power initiative,

171-415: A temperature increase of under 2 °C. The convention's attendees can be sorted into one of three categories: parties, observers, or members of the press/media. There are three distinct groups that a nation can be placed in if they are considered a "party". These are Annex I , Annex II , and Non-Annex I . The organization of parties decides the level of participation of each country. It determines if

228-468: A valuable source of insights and guidance for other nations seeking to enhance availability of economical and eco-friendly electricity. Through the utilization of solar energy, this initiative has facilitated electricity access for 20 million residents of Bangladesh. The initiative was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the India Africa Summit , and a meeting of member countries ahead of

285-596: A warm winter with maxima around 22 °C (72 °F). Much land on or near the Tropic of Cancer is part of the Sahara Desert , while to the east, the climate is torrid monsoonal with a short wet season from June to September, and very little rainfall for the rest of the year. The highest mountain on or adjacent to the Tropic of Cancer is Yu Shan in Taiwan . It had glaciers descending as low as 2,800 metres (9,190 ft) during

342-594: Is also called International Agency for Solar Policy and Application (IASPA). The focus is on solar power utilization. The launching of such an alliance in Paris also sends a strong signal to the global communities about the sincerity of the developing nations towards their concern about climate change and to switch to a low-carbon growth path. India has pledged a target of installing 175 GW of renewable energy of which 100 GW will be solar energy by 2022 and reduction in emission intensity by 33–35% by 2030 to let solar energy reach to

399-543: Is also meant to assist countries in adapting to the conditions of climate change. Additionally, the UN Climate Change Secretariat receives reports from Parties, verifies transactions, and holds Parties accountable. The UNFCC considers the Kyoto Protocol a "first step" to climate change resistance. The Paris Agreement aims to prevent the rise of global temperatures. This is regulated by reports sent in by

456-569: Is called the tropical (torrid) zone. This is the part of the world in which the sun can appear directly overhead, and that more-direct exposure means that the sun's actual effect is greater here; anywhere north or south of this zone, sunlight always reaches the earth's surface at an angle and is correspondingly less intense. The sunniest countries of the world are on the African continent, ranging from Somalia- Horn of Africa-, east to Niger, west and north to Egypt. For India, possible additional benefits from

513-475: Is currently drifting southward at a rate of almost half an arcsecond (0.468″) of latitude, or 15 m (49 ft), per year. The circle's position was at exactly 23° 27′N in 1917 and will be at 23° 26'N in 2045. The distance between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer is essentially constant as they move in tandem. This is based on an assumption of a constant equator, but the precise location of

570-459: Is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic , the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun. Earth's axial tilt varies over a 41,000-year period from about 22.1 to 24.5 degrees, and as of 2000 is about 23.4 degrees, which will continue to remain valid for about a millennium . This wobble means that the Tropic of Cancer

627-573: The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris in November 2015. The framework agreement of the International Solar Alliance opened for signatures in Marrakesh , Morocco , in November 2016, and 102 countries joined. The ISA is headquartered in Haryana , India. In January 2016, Narendra Modi , and the then French President François Hollande jointly laid the foundation stone of

SECTION 10

#1732876592754

684-561: The June solstice (90° ecliptic longitude ). Due to the precession of the equinoxes , this is no longer the case; today the Sun is in constellation Taurus at the June solstice. The word "tropic" itself comes from the Greek "trope (τροπή)", meaning turn (change of direction or circumstance), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to "turn back" at the solstices. The Tropic of Cancer's position

741-569: The June solstice , when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent. It also reaches 90 degrees below the horizon at solar midnight on the December Solstice . Using a continuously updated formula, the circle is currently 23°26′09.8″ (or 23.43605°) north of the Equator . Its Southern Hemisphere counterpart, marking the most southerly position at which

798-478: The Kyoto Protocol . The Kyoto Protocol was written in 1997 at COP3, but was not officially adopted until 16 February 2005. It was in effect from 2008 to 2012. It implemented strict regulations to ensure global emission reduction. There are three main mechanisms that a country can utilize to help reduce emissions: international emissions trading, clean development mechanisms, and joint implementation. The Protocol

855-698: The Last Glacial Maximum . At present glaciers still exist around the Tropic. The nearest currently surviving are the Minyong and Baishui in the Himalayas to the north and on Iztaccíhuatl in Mexico to the south. According to the rules of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale , for a flight to compete for a round-the-world speed record, it must cover a distance no less than the length of

912-563: The Philippines , Romania , Saint Lucia , Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , Samoa , Thailand , Trinidad and Tobago and the United States , and Brazil is the newest member of this alliance. Greece and Israel formally joined ISA in 2021. Armenia joined in 2023. Spain joined in 2024. + means signed framework/ratified. Apart from these, there are 58 other members, such as France,

969-457: The United States , Japan , Algeria , Peru , Chile , Paraguay , France , Brazil, India, Argentina and Australia . A conclave started from 30 November 2015 for the sunshine grouping, called the InSPA (International Agency for Solar Policy & Application). The following countries are the prospective members of this alliance that signed the framework. Countries marked with a plus also ratified

1026-523: The prime meridian and heading eastward: The climate at the Tropic of Cancer is generally hot and dry, except for cooler highland regions in China, marine environments such as Hawaii, and easterly coastal areas, where orographic rainfall can be very heavy, in some places reaching 4 metres (160 in) annually. Most regions on the Tropic of Cancer experience two distinct seasons: an extremely hot summer with temperatures often reaching 45 °C (113 °F) and

1083-605: The 2016 UNFCCC’s Momentum for Change Award; Jeannettee Gurung, Phd, Lee A. West. The inclusion of fossil fuel lobby groups with observer status, including the World Coal Association , the Business Council of Australia , Business Europe , and the Business Roundtable , has been met with criticism. Analysts suggested the election of Donald Trump in the 2016 United States Presidential race impeded efforts at

1140-501: The COP to send representatives to any meeting or presentation related to the UNFCCC. NGOs can be businesses, labor unions, research or academic institutes, native populations, gender-affiliated groups, youth groups, environmental activists, farmers, and agriculturists. Around 2,000 NGOs and 100 IGOs were admitted to the 2016 conference. Once an organization is admitted, they do not have to reapply for

1197-554: The Climate Summit for Local and Regional Leaders. GIB participated in a dialogue on "financing the sustainable transition of territories" to contribute to the Marrakech Roadmap for Action definition. Detailed issues relating to water transportation , infrastructure in the context of water storage, sustainable distribution , innovation for conservation, and accelerating efforts for new technologies. There were four moderators of

SECTION 20

#1732876592754

1254-735: The Conference of the Parties, or COP 22). On its first day (15 November), sixteen countries signed the Agreement: India , Brazil , the Democratic Republic of Congo , the Dominican Republic , the Republic of Guinea , Mali , Nauru , Niger , Tanzania , Tuvalu , Cambodia , Ethiopia ; Burkina Faso , Bangladesh and Madagascar . By 17 November, Guinea Bissau , Fiji , France also signed

1311-577: The Durban Conference was to start negotiations from scratch in order to prepare the path for future negotiations. The Ah Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action was created to "close the ambition gap" that existed between greenhouse-gas emission commitments made by nations and the aim to keep climate change below an increase of 2 °C. The priority of the Lima Conference

1368-633: The ISA Headquarters and inaugurated the interim Secretariat at the National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) in Gwal Pahari , Gurugram , India . The Indian government has dedicated five acres of land on the NISE campus for its future headquarters; it also has contributed ₹ 1.75 billion (US$ 21 million) to the fund to build a campus and for meeting expenditures for the first five years. The alliance

1425-865: The ISA, raising the total membership to 106. The alliance partnered with World Bank to launch Global Solar Atlas at an ISA event at the World Future Energy Summit in Abu Dhabi. Global Solar Atlas is a free online tool that displays annual average solar power potential at any location in the world and thus identify potential sites for solar power generation. The World Bank announced, "This tool will help governments save millions of dollars on their own research and provide investors and solar developers with an easily accessible and uniform platform to compare resource potential between sites in one region or across multiple countries." Riccardo Puliti, Senior Director and Head of

1482-509: The Parties, meant to increase transparency of actions taken by both developing nations and advanced ones. It also has measures to increase countries' ability to adapt to conditions of climate change. The means of change that a country can take are called "nationally determined contributions". NDC 's are essentially the efforts that each country will take to reduce their emissions. The period of effect for this agreement began on 4 November 2016. So far, it has been ratified by 132 out of 197 Parties at

1539-502: The Sun can be seen directly overhead, is the Tropic of Capricorn . These tropics are two of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of Earth, the others being the Arctic and Antarctic circles and the Equator . The positions of these two circles of latitude (relative to the Equator) are dictated by the tilt of Earth's axis of rotation relative to the plane of its orbit , and since

1596-425: The Tropic of Cancer, cross all meridians , and end on the same airfield where it started. The length of the Tropic of Cancer is 36,788 km (22,859 mi): For an ordinary circumnavigation the rules are somewhat relaxed and the distance is set to a rounded value of at least 36,770 kilometres (22,850 mi). Marrakech Climate Change Conference The 2016 United Nations Climate Change Conference

1653-1127: The UNFCCC can aid local businesses in the transition to green energy. The moderators include Janos Pasztor, Hungarian; H.E. Nestor Batio Bassiere, Burkina Faso; Diego Pavia; Mafalda Duarte , United States; Elham Ibrahim, Africa. This forum developed ideas on how to create business models that left a minimal carbon footprint on earth. The moderators include Philippe Joubert, Nigeria; Peter Wheeler, UK; Pertti Korhonen, Finland; Paul Simpson, UK; April Crow, US. This forum discussed how new technologies and innovations must showcase environmentally friendly and sustainable attributes. Additionally, they should help create green jobs and also be able to be incorporated into already existing markets. Moderators include Sue Reid, Indonesia; Paul Isaac Musasizi, Uganda; Eric Olson, US; Yoshioka Tatsuya, Japan. 17 November Women Organizing for Change in Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (WOCAN) What Gets Measured Gets Valued: Incentivizing and Measuring Gender Impacts for Sustainable Landscape and Livelihoods The W+ Standard Wins

1710-589: The UNFCCC in Marrakech. The ways in which the Paris Agreement will be applied, as well as the agenda for negotiations, were on the agenda for COP22. Nik Gowing , known as a British journalist, chaired the event. On the margins of COP22, a summit involving "around 30 African heads of state" took place on 16 November 2016 in Marrakesh. This summit focused primarily on climate negotiations, in the backdrop of Africa being

1767-1197: The United Arab Emirates; Lord Gregory Baker of the United Kingdom; Andreas Regnell of Sweden, and Jan Rabe from Siemens AG. Mobility, especially public transportation, was the main focus of this forum. Members discussed possibilities for sustainable public transportation options that were attractive to the user. The main goal was to innovate ways public transportation could become zero emission. The moderators included Nik Gowing , United Kingdom; Andreas Klugescheid, United States; Lan Marie Nguyen Berg, Norway; Glen R. Murray , Canada; Matt Rodriquez, United States. This panel discussed promoting new green products in relation to finance, while also incorporating climate considerations throughout economic systems. The panel members include Eric Usher, Canada; Jochen Flasbarth, Germany; Christian Grossman, Germany; Frederic Samama, France; Mustapha Bakkoury, Morocco; Monica Scatasta, Luxembourg. Parties discussed how low emission technology can be integrated within existing infrastructure, how policymakers can implement technology safely, and how

International Solar Alliance - Misplaced Pages Continue

1824-597: The United States and Japan, making a total of more than 120 members in the alliance. Recently, Greece and Israel joined the International Solar Alliance; thus membership rose to 100. Antigua and Barbados joined in January 2022. Syria joined in February 2022 to become the 103rd member. Later on, Angola joined to raise the total to 104 signatories. Nepal also joined the ISA, raising the membership to 105. In November 2023, Armenia joined

1881-530: The World Bank's Energy & Extractives Global Practice said "The World Bank is seeing a surge of interest from our clients in solar power as a result of the dramatic cost decreases over the past few years. We hope that the Global Solar Atlas will help inform the crucial planning and investment decisions that will need to be taken over the next decade to shift to more sustainable forms of energy." India, with

1938-562: The World Future Energy Summit (WFES) held in Abu Dhabi in January 2018, the government of India announced the establishment of a $ 350 million solar development fund to enable the financing of solar projects. Tropic of Cancer The Tropic of Cancer , also known as the Northern Tropic , is the Earth 's northernmost circle of latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead . This occurs on

1995-536: The agreement. On 6 November 2017, India's External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj held a meeting with Guinea's Foreign Minister, Mamady Toure. During the course of this meeting, Mamady Toure handed over Guinea's Instrument of Accession to the India-initiated International Solar Alliance (ISA). Vanuatu and Liberia also signed the agreement. Subsequently, an additional 107 countries joined the agreement, incl. many major countries, such as

2052-539: The alliance can be a strengthening of ties with the major African countries and increasing goodwill for India among them. The alliance is a treaty -based inter-governmental organization . The framework agreement of the International Solar Alliance opened for signatures in Marrakech , Morocco , in November 2016, on the sidelines of the Marrakech Climate Change Conference (the twenty-second session of

2109-582: The climate system". It is closely related to both the UN Convention on Biological Diversity and the Convention to Combat Desertification ; all three are considered 'Rio Conventions' adopted at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992. There are seven steps that the UNFCCC lists as a "summary of the convention". The Marrakech Conference is a continuation of regular global summits organised by United Nations following

2166-467: The congress due to his regressive views on climate change. His stance on climate change was not known. Other criticisms came from environmental campaigners who argued that the Conference was "heavy on rhetoric and light on real progress." The Conference in Paris the year prior was seen as one that provided a foundation for future progress, with the succeeding event in Marrakesh supposed to be turning those promises into action. Additional criticisms depicted

2223-474: The convention. The Copenhagen Conference was intended to follow on from Kyoto, and culminated in the Copenhagen Accord, a 3-page text laying out common international intentions regarding climate change (reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, limiting global warming to 2 °C and providing 30 billion dollars for 2010–2012). Despite these goals, the conference was generally considered a failure. The aim of

2280-857: The country is required to give financial aid to others, how often they must send reports, and the strictness of regulations in their country. The Annex I title refers to industrialized countries involved in either the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD ) in 1992 or countries in economic transition ( EIT ). Annex II refers to countries in OECD but not EIT. These parties are required to help less advanced countries financially. They are also expected to take extra measures to transition to climate friendly technologies in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Non-Annex countries are developing and particularly vulnerable to climate change due to location, economic situations, or other issues institutionalized into

2337-528: The country. Another title is "least developed countries". This indicates that the nation is limited in their ability to respond to climate change issues. This label indicates to other parties the extra level of support necessary. Observer organizations include the United Nations Systems and its specialized agencies, inter-governmental organizations ( IGOs ), and non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ). Observer organizations must apply and be accepted by

International Solar Alliance - Misplaced Pages Continue

2394-529: The equator is not truly fixed. See: equator , axial tilt and circles of latitude for additional details. Download coordinates as: North of the tropic are the subtropics and the North Temperate Zone . The equivalent line of latitude south of the Equator is called the Tropic of Capricorn , and the region between the two, centered on the Equator, is the tropics . In the year 2000, more than half of

2451-914: The event: Raymond van Ermen , a Belgian member of the European Water Partnership; Masagos Zulkifli , Minister for the Environment and Water Resources of Singapore; Edgar Gutiérrez Espeleta , Minister of Environment and Energy in Costa Rica and president, UNEA; Susan Mboya , the President of the Coca-Cola Africa Foundation. This panel addressed issues about the utilization of renewable resources, how policy can be used to promote renewable energy markets, and how infrastructure can be improved to accommodate these changes. The moderators include Nik Gowing , British journalist; H.E. Fatima Al Foora of

2508-483: The following conference. Observers may submit responses, on behalf of their entire organization, relating to topics or mandates within the conference. Each COP is meant to cooperatively decide on how to deal with climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, each year a different theme is chosen and focused on. The twenty-second session's main subjects were about water management and decarbonizing energy supplies. COP22 took place on 14 and 15 November during

2565-422: The framework, such as Afghanistan , Algeria , Argentina , Bahrain , Barbados , Belgium , Belize , Bhutan , Botswana , Brunei Darussalam , Bulgaria , Cameroon , Chile , Congo , Denmark , El Salvador , Finland , France , Grenada , Guatemala , Haiti , Ireland , Italy , Jamaica , Japan , Liberia , Luxembourg , Maldives , Marshall Islands , Morocco , Myanmar , Nicaragua , Oman , Paraguay ,

2622-523: The massive deployment of affordable solar energy. As of 2023, the Framework Agreement of the ISA was signed by multiple countries, such as the United States, Japan, France, India, Brazil, Australia, Argentina, Chile and Algeria, and ratified by 52 other countries. With ratifications by 15 countries, the ISA would become a treaty based inter-governmental international organisation and it would be recognized by UN legally to become fully functionable. At

2679-459: The milestone of 10 GW. In 2022, Japan announced that it would reach 100 GW of solar power at some time between 2023 and 2026. On 30 June 2016, the alliance entered into an understanding with the World Bank for accelerating mobilization of finance for solar energy. The Bank will have a major role in mobilizing more than US$ 1 trillion in investments that will be needed by 2030, to meet ISA's goals for

2736-398: The most unconnected villages and communities and also towards creating a clean planet. India's pledge to the Paris summit offered to bring 40% of its electricity generation capacity (not actual production) from non-fossil sources (renewable, large hydro, and nuclear) by 2030. It is based on world cooperation. The area of Earth located in between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn

2793-544: The part of the world that is the most threatened by global warming. On a more local note, the city of Marrakesh also took the opportunity to create for itself a greener image; for example, it has provided 300 bicycles for public use as part of a municipal bicycle-sharing scheme. On 14 November, the Swiss Global Infrastructure Basel Foundation (GIB) presented the newly launched SuRe – The Standard for Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure at

2850-538: The service contract. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations also lent its support to the preparation for COP 22. The W+ Standard Wins the 2016 UNFCCC’s Momentum for Change Award. The participants in the conference are members of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( UNFCCC ). The aim of this convention is to prevent "dangerous human interference with

2907-583: The support of France, invited multiple nations, such as the United States, Japan and Brazil, to facilitate the infrastructure for the implementation of solar projects. The alliance committed one trillion dollars as investment, and it is committed to making the costs of solar power more affordable for remote and inaccessible communities. The alliance would endorse India in achieving its goal of generating 100 GW of solar energy and 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022. The countries would support each other in research and development as well as other high level activities. It

SECTION 50

#1732876592754

2964-419: The tilt changes, the location of these two circles also changes. In geopolitics , it is known for being the southern limitation on the mutual defence obligation of NATO , as member states of NATO are not obligated to come to the defence of territory south of the Tropic of Cancer. When this line of latitude was named in the last centuries BCE , the Sun was in the constellation Cancer ( Latin : Crab ) at

3021-407: The world's population lived north of the Tropic of Cancer. On the Tropic of Cancer there are approximately 13 hours, 35 minutes of daylight during the summer solstice. During the winter solstice, there are 10 hours, 41 minutes of daylight. Using 23°26'N for the Tropic of Cancer, the tropic passes through the following 17 countries (including two disputed territories) and 8 water bodies, starting at

3078-413: Was also seen as an alliance by the developing countries to form a united front and to undertake research and development for making solar power equipment within developing countries, such as Algeria, Argentina and Chile. The total global solar power capacity reached the milestone of 1 TW on 13 April 2022. Earlier, in 2021, the United States reached the milestone of 100 GW of solar power while Brazil reached

3135-470: Was an international meeting of political leaders and activists to discuss environmental issues . It was held in Marrakech, Morocco, on 7–18 November 2016. The conference incorporated the twenty-second Conference of the Parties ( COP22 ), the twelfth meeting of the parties to the Kyoto Protocol ( CMP12 ), and the first meeting of the parties to the Paris Agreement ( CMA1 ). The purpose of the conference

3192-534: Was to discuss and implement plans about combatting climate change and to "[demonstrate] to the world that the implementation of the Paris Agreement is underway". Participants work together to come up with global solutions to climate change . The conference was presided over by Salaheddine Mezouar , the Moroccan Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation . Approximately 20,000 participants were expected to attend. On 2 May 2016, events firm GL Events signed

3249-406: Was to redouble efforts to keep to the aim of keeping climate change under an increase of 2 °C between the present day and 2100. The conference opened with a preparatory document on a future COP21 agreement in Paris and by adopting a 37-page text. The 195 countries participating in the conference adopted the first worldwide climate agreement, a binding treaty that aims to limit climate change to

#753246