Interix was an optional, POSIX -conformant Unix subsystem for Windows NT operating systems . Interix was a component of Windows Services for UNIX , and a superset of the Microsoft POSIX subsystem . Like the POSIX subsystem, Interix was an environment subsystem for the NT kernel . It included numerous open source utility software programs and libraries . Interix was originally developed and sold as OpenNT until purchased by Microsoft in 1999.
56-577: Interix versions 5.2 and 6.0 were respective components of Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 , Windows Vista Enterprise , Windows Vista Ultimate , and Windows Server 2008 as Subsystem for Unix-based Applications ( SUA ). Version 6.1 was included in Windows 7 (Enterprise and Ultimate editions) but disabled by default, and in Windows Server 2008 R2 (all editions). It was available as a deprecated separate download for Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 , and
112-620: A Storage Area Network , in which the data is transferred in terms of chunks rather than files, thus providing more granularity to the data that can be transferred. This provides higher performance to database and transaction processing applications. Windows Storage Server 2003 also allows NAS devices to be connected to a SAN. Windows Storage Server 2003 led to a second release named Windows Storage Server 2003 R2. This release adds file-server performance optimization, Single Instance Storage (SIS), and index-based search. Single instance storage (SIS) scans storage volumes for duplicate files, and moves
168-457: A SAN, without any modification to the application. The Datacenter edition, like the Enterprise edition, supports 8-node clustering . Clustering increases availability and fault tolerance of server installations by distributing and replicating the service among many servers. This edition supports clustering with each cluster having its own dedicated storage, or with all cluster nodes connected to
224-609: A Storage Management snap-in for the Microsoft Management Console. It can be used to manage storage volumes centrally, including DFS shares, on servers running Windows Storage Server R2. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 can be used as an iSCSI target with standard and enterprise editions of Windows Storage Server 2003 R2, incorporating WinTarget iSCSI technology which Microsoft acquired in 2006 by from StringBean software. This will be an add-on feature available for purchase through OEM partners as an iSCSI feature pack, or
280-531: A back-end with another remote server as the front-end, CALs may still be required. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Standard is aimed towards small to medium-sized businesses. Standard Edition supports file and printer sharing, offers secure Internet connectivity, and allows centralized desktop application deployment. A specialized variant for the x64 architecture was released in April 2005. The IA-32 variants supports up to four physical processors and up to 4 GB RAM;
336-463: A backup system to restore lost files has been created together with improved disk management, including the ability to back up from shadows of files, allowing the backup of open files. Another important area where improvements have been made are the scripting and command-line tools, with the improvements being part of Microsoft's initiative to bring a complete command shell to the next version of Windows. Other notable new features include support for
392-689: A build number of 2721. This was followed by build 2805, known as Beta 2 Refresh. The final build is 3790. Microsoft has described Service Pack 2 as a "standard" service pack release containing previously released security updates, hotfixes, and reliability and performance improvements. In addition, Service Pack 2 contains Microsoft Management Console 3.0, Windows Deployment Services (which replaces Remote Installation Services ), support for WPA2 , and improvements to IPsec and MSConfig. Service Pack 2 also adds Windows Server 2003 Scalable Networking Pack (SNP), which allows hardware acceleration for processing network packets, thereby enabling faster throughput. SNP
448-470: A common SAN. Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 (CCS), released in June 2006, is designed for high-end applications that require high performance computing clusters . It is designed to be deployed on numerous computers to be clustered together to achieve supercomputing speeds. Each Compute Cluster Server network comprises at least one controlling head node and subordinate processing nodes that carry out most of
504-496: A complete desktop experience . Starting with Windows Server 2008, Server Core and Nano Server configurations were made available to reduce the OS footprint. Between 2015 and 2021, Microsoft referred to these releases as " long-term support " releases to set them apart from semi-annual releases (see below.) For sixteen years, Microsoft released a major version of Windows Server every four years, with one minor version released two years after
560-750: A component of the regular Windows OS distribution as a component of Windows Server 2003 R2 in December, 2005 at release 5.2 and was a component of the Windows Vista release as release 6.0 (RTM November, 2006). Windows Server 2008 had release 6.0. Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 included SUA 6.1. Microsoft announced in 2011 that Interix would not be included in Windows versions after Windows 8 and customers should start migrating their applications to an alternative solution. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Windows Server 2003 , codenamed "Whistler Server",
616-422: A copy of Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 included and another containing a host of optionally-installed new features needed for Windows Server 2003 R2 installation, similar to that of Microsoft Plus! for Windows 95 . Windows Server Windows Server (formerly Windows NT Server ) is a group of server operating systems (OS) that has been developed by Microsoft since 1993. The first OS that
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#1733086089993672-519: A hardware-based " watchdog timer ", which can restart the server if the operating system does not respond within a certain amount of time. On this version of Windows Server the Themes service is disabled by default, defaulting to the appearance of previous Windows versions (such as Windows 2000). Windows Server 2003 comes in a number of editions, each targeted towards a particular size and type of business. In general, all variants of Windows Server 2003 have
728-414: A major release. The minor versions had an "R2" suffix in their names. In October 2018, Microsoft broke this tradition with the release of Windows Server 2019, which would have been "Windows Server 2016 R2". Windows Server 2022 is also a minor upgrade over its predecessor. Certain editions of Windows Server have a customized name: Following the release of Windows Server 2016, Microsoft attempted to mirror
784-829: A part of the Windows Server 2003 series, is a specialized server operating system for network-attached storage (NAS). Launched in 2003 at Storage Decisions in Chicago, it is optimized for use in file and print sharing and also in storage area network (SAN) scenarios. It is only available through Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Unlike other Windows Server 2003 editions that provide file and printer sharing functionality, Windows Storage Server 2003 does not require any CAL. Windows Storage Server 2003 NAS equipment can be headless , which means that they are without any monitors, keyboards or mice, and are administered remotely. Such devices are plugged into any existing IP network and
840-420: A processor with ACPI in any supported architecture ( x86 , x64 and Itanium ). As of July 2016, 18% of organizations used servers that were running Windows Server 2003. Windows Server 2003 is the follow-up to Windows 2000 Server, incorporating compatibility and other features from Windows XP . Unlike Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003's default installation has none of the server components enabled, to reduce
896-661: Is a Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2 Transition Pack. Windows Home Server (WHS) is an operating system from Microsoft based on Windows Small Business Server 2003 SP2. Windows Home Server was announced on January 7, 2007, at the Consumer Electronics Show by Bill Gates and is intended to be a solution for homes with multiple connected PCs to offer file sharing, automated backups, and remote access. Windows Home Server began shipment to OEMs on September 15, 2007. Windows Server 2003 for Embedded Systems replaced "Windows 2000 Server for Embedded Systems". Intended use
952-448: Is based on Windows 10, version 1809 and Windows Server 2022 is based on a modified version of Windows 10, version 21H2 . This version of Windows Server is based on Windows 11 . Windows Server 2025 is based on Windows 11, version 24H2 . Main releases include: Traditionally, Microsoft supports Windows Server for 10 years, with five years of mainstream support and an additional five years of extended support. These releases also offer
1008-405: Is based on a modified version of Windows XP . Windows Server 2008 is based on Windows Vista SP1 , while Windows Server 2008 R2 is based on Windows 7 . Windows Server 2012 is based on Windows 8 , while Windows Server 2012 R2 is based on Windows 8.1 . These versions of Windows Server are all based on Windows 10 . Windows Server 2016 is based on Windows 10, version 1607 , Windows Server 2019
1064-408: Is designed for infrastructures demanding high security and reliability. Windows Server 2003 is available for IA-32, Itanium, and x64 processors. It supports a maximum of 32 physical processors on IA-32 platform or 64 physical processors on x64 and IA-64 hardware. IA-32 variants of this edition support up to 64 GB of RAM. With Service Pack 2 installed, the x64 variants support up to 1 TB while
1120-660: Is designed to be used primarily as an IIS web server and provides a platform for developing and deploying XML Web services and applications that use ASP.NET technology. Domain controller and Terminal Services functionality are not included on Web Edition. However, Remote Desktop for Administration is available. Only 10 concurrent file-sharing connections are allowed at any moment. It is not possible to install Microsoft SQL Server and Microsoft Exchange software in this edition without installing Service Pack 1 . Despite supporting XML Web services and ASP.NET, UDDI cannot be deployed on Windows Server 2003 Web . The .NET Framework version 2.0
1176-537: Is different and costs slightly more than CALs for the other editions of Windows Server 2003. However, the SBS CAL encompasses the user CALs for Windows Server, Exchange Server, SQL Server and ISA Server, and hence is less expensive than buying all other CALs individually. SBS has the following design limitations, mainly affecting Active Directory: To remove the limitations from an instance of SBS and upgrade to regular Windows Server, Exchange Server, SQL and ISA Server, there
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#17330860899931232-480: Is included in some versions of WSS as configured by OEMs. Windows Storage Server 2003 can be promoted to function as a domain controller; however, this edition is not licensed to run directory services. It can be joined to an existing domain as a member server. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 was available in the following editions: Windows Unified Data Storage Server is a variant of Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 with iSCSI target support standard, available in only
1288-518: Is not available at all on Windows 10 . The complete installation of Interix included (at version 3.5): The development environment included support for C , C++ and Fortran . Threading was supported using the Pthreads model. Additional languages could be obtained ( Python , Ruby , Tcl , etc.). Unix-based software packaging and build tools were available for installing or creating pre-build software packages. Starting with release 5.2 (Server 2003/R2)
1344-475: Is not included with Windows Server 2003 Web, but can be installed as a separate update from Windows Update. Windows Server 2003 Web supports a maximum of two physical processors and a maximum of 2 GB of RAM. It is the only edition of Windows Server 2003 that does not require any client access license (CAL) when used as the internet facing server front-end for Internet Information Services and Windows Server Update Services . When using it for storage or as
1400-423: Is the first OS to include Active Directory , DNS Server, DHCP Server, and Group Policy . Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server was released on July 27, 1993 as an edition of Windows NT 3.1, an operating system aimed towards business and server use. As with its Workstation counterpart, Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server was a 32 bit rewrite of the Windows kernel that retained a similar use interface to Windows 3.1. Unlike
1456-456: Is the first server edition of Windows to support the IA64 and x64 architectures. The product went through several name changes during the course of development. When first announced in 2000, it was known by its codename "Whistler Server"; it was named "Windows 2002 Server" for a brief time in mid-2001, followed by "Windows .NET Server" and "Windows .NET Server 2003". After Microsoft chose to focus
1512-457: Is the last date that OEM's may distribute systems using this version. All variants continued to receive Critical security updates until the end of extended support: Release 2 for Embedded Systems was available in 32 and 64 bit variants, Standard (1-4 CPU) and Enterprise (1-8 CPU): Windows XP Professional x64 Edition was released less than a month after Windows Server 2003 SP1, and used the same kernel and source code tree. While many features of
1568-516: Is the sixth version of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft . It is part of the Windows NT family of operating systems and was released to manufacturing on March 28, 2003 and generally available on April 24, 2003. Windows Server 2003 is the successor to the Server editions of Windows 2000 and the predecessor to Windows Server 2008 . An updated version, Windows Server 2003 R2,
1624-441: The attack surface of new machines. Windows Server 2003 includes compatibility modes to allow older applications to run with greater stability. It was made more compatible with Windows NT 4.0 domain-based networking. Windows Server 2003 brought in enhanced Active Directory compatibility and better deployment support to ease the transition from Windows NT 4.0 to Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional. Windows Server 2003
1680-416: The ".NET" branding on the .NET Framework , the OS was finally released as "Windows Server 2003". Windows Server 2003's codebase was reused for the development of Windows Vista under its codename, "Longhorn". Pre-reset builds of "Longhorn" were based on the Windows .NET Server Release Candidate 1 (3663) codebase, whereas post-reset builds of "Longhorn/Vista" after the development reset in 2004 are based on
1736-469: The 32-bit variant of Windows XP were brought over into Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, other limitations imposed by constraints such as only supporting 64-bit drivers, and support for 16-bit programs being dropped led to incompatibilities with the 32-bit Windows XP editions available. It later received a Service Pack update as part of the release of Windows Server 2003 SP2. On March 30, 2005, Microsoft released Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003. Among
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1792-527: The IA-64 variants support up to 2 TB of RAM. Windows Server 2003 Datacenter also allows limiting processor and memory usage on a per-application basis. This edition has better support for storage area networks (SANs): It features a service which uses Windows sockets to emulate TCP/IP communication over native SAN service providers, thereby allowing a SAN to be accessed over any TCP/IP channel. With this, any application that can communicate over TCP/IP can use
1848-633: The Nano Server configuration installed in a Docker container , and the Server Core configuration, licensed only to serve as a container host. Semi-Annual releases include: The Annual Channel was first announced in July 2023, with the first version being released on September the same year. Unlike the Semi-Annual releases, each Annual Channel release would receive six months of extended support in addition to
1904-399: The ability to deactivate classes from the schema , or to run multiple instances of the directory server (ADAM). There was also a notable change in the ability to create a rescue disk , which was removed in favor of Automated System Recovery (ASR). Other Improvements to Group Policy handling and administration have also been made. For the first time in the history of Windows Server,
1960-399: The ability to share files and printers, act as an application server, host message queues, provide email services, authenticate users, act as an X.509 certificate server, provide LDAP directory services, serve streaming media, and to perform other server-oriented functions. Windows Server 2003 Web is meant for building and hosting Web applications, Web pages, and XML web services . It
2016-626: The ability to use FTP . It also supported VFAT. In 1995, Microsoft released Windows NT Server 3.51, an update to Windows NT Server 3.5, which added NTFS compression and support for the PowerPC architecture. In 1996, Microsoft released Windows NT Server 4.0. It added the new user interface introduced in Windows 95 the previous year. In addition, it dropped support for the PowerPC, Alpha, and MIPS architectures. Microsoft updated Winsock to version 2 and IIS 2.0 and FrontPage are included. Windows Server 2003
2072-514: The basis of Interix 3.0. The Interix interoperability suite developed by Softway Systems Inc., included substantial code from OpenBSD ,. Microsoft acquired Interix in 1999. Microsoft continued to distribute Interix 2.2 as a standalone product until 2002. Interix release 3.0 was released as component of Windows Services for Unix (SFU) 3.0 in 2002. Interix release 3.5 was released as component of SFU 3.5 in January, 2004. Interix became integrated as
2128-526: The computing cluster. MS MPI was designed to be compatible with the reference open source MPI2 specification which is widely used in High-performance computing (HPC). With some exceptions because of security considerations, MS MPI covers the complete set of MPI2 functionality as implemented in MPICH2, except for the planned future features of dynamic process spawn and publishing. Windows Storage Server 2003,
2184-753: The duplicate files to the common SIS store. The file on the volume is replaced with a link to the file. This substitution reduces the amount of storage space required, by as much as 70%. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 provides an index-based, full-text search based on the indexing engine already built into Windows server. The updated search engine speeds up indexed searches on network shares. This edition also provides filters for searching many standard file formats, such as ZIP archives , AutoCAD models , XML documents , MP3 audio files , PDF documents , and all Microsoft Office file formats. Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 includes built in support for Windows SharePoint Services and Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server, and adds
2240-596: The following capabilities were added: With release 6.0 (Vista and Server 2008) the following new features were added: Interix release 6.0 for Vista was only available with the Ultimate and Enterprise editions. Interix release 6.1 was available for Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 for the Enterprise and Ultimate editions. Traditional support was provided by Microsoft for a fee or service contract, though released hotfixes can usually be obtained free of charge from Microsoft. Previously, free support could be found via
2296-789: The forums at the SUA Community site and with the FAQ, however this appears to have been withdrawn. Additional pre-built applications and development libraries could be obtained for free from the SUA Community site, the Gentoo-prefix site and the Debian-Interix site. These included commonly used applications not part of the Microsoft installation such as OpenSSH , Git , Python and bash . The SUA Community site included for developers of Interix and
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2352-560: The improvements are many of the same updates that were provided to Windows XP users with Service Pack 2. Features that are added with Service Pack 1 include: A full list of updates is available in the Microsoft Knowledge Base. Service Pack 2 for Windows Server 2003 was released on March 13, 2007. The release date was originally scheduled for the first half of 2006. On June 13, 2006, Microsoft made an initial test version of Service Pack 2 available to Microsoft Connect users, with
2408-415: The latter, however, Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server was a complete operating system that did not need to be run from DOS . Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server, like its Workstation counterpart, featured new features such as multiuser support and preemptive multitasking . In 1994, Microsoft released Windows NT Server 3.5. It introduced TCP/IP and Winsock support integrated into the operating system, alongside
2464-449: The lifecycle of Windows 10 in the Windows Server family, releasing new versions twice a year which were supported for 18 months. These semi-annual versions were only available as part of Microsoft subscription services, including Software Assurance, Azure Marketplace, and Visual Studio subscriptions, until their discontinuation in July 2021. The semi-annual releases do not include any desktop environments. Instead, they are restricted to
2520-594: The remaining 88% being found by human computer programmers . Microsoft employs more than 4,700 programmers who work on Windows, 60% of whom are software testers whose job is to find bugs in Windows source code . Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates stated that Windows Server 2003 was Microsoft's "most rigorously tested software to date." Several improvements and new features have been added to Windows Server 2003. Internet Information Services (IIS) has been upgraded to v6.0. There have also been significant improvements to Message Queuing and to Active Directory , such as
2576-415: The site has been contracted by Microsoft for several Interix and SUA updates of utilities and documentation. This product began to be developed in 1996 under the product name OpenNT by Softway Systems, Inc. before the name was changed to Interix in 1998. The last release by Softway Systems was release 2.2. Softway Systems had virtually completed the next release code-named Firebrand in 1999 which became
2632-604: The standard and enterprise editions. Windows Small Business Server (SBS) is a software suite which includes Windows Server and additional technologies aimed at providing a small business with a complete technology solution. The Standard edition of SBS includes Microsoft Remote Web Workplace , Windows SharePoint Services , Microsoft Exchange Server , Fax Server, Active Directory , a basic firewall , DHCP server and network address translation capabilities. The Premium edition of SBS adds Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and Microsoft ISA Server 2004. SBS has its own type of CAL that
2688-497: The storage capacity is available to all users. Windows Storage Server 2003 can use RAID arrays to provide data redundancy , fault-tolerance and high performance. Multiple such NAS servers can be clustered to appear as a single device, which allows responsibility for serving clients to be shared in such a way that if one server fails then other servers can take over (often termed a failover ) which also improves fault-tolerance. Windows Storage Server 2003 can also be used to create
2744-749: The work. Compute Cluster Server has a built-in Message Passing Interface , the Microsoft Messaging Passing Interface v2 (MS-MPI) which is used to communicate between the processing nodes on the cluster network. Alternative MPI Stacks can also be used with the OS. It ties nodes together with a powerful inter-process communication mechanism which can be complex because of communications between hundreds or even thousands of processors working in parallel. The application programming interface consists of over 160 functions. A job launcher enables users to execute jobs to be executed in
2800-491: The works-in-progress Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 (3790.1232) codebase. Windows Server 2003 was the first Microsoft Windows version which was thoroughly subjected to semi-automated testing for bugs with a software system called PREfast developed by computer scientist Amitabh Srivastava at Microsoft Research . The automated bug checking system was first tested on Windows 2000 but not thoroughly. Amitabh Srivastava's PREfast found 12% of Windows Server 2003's bugs,
2856-429: The x64 and Itanium architectures. With Service Pack 2 installed, the x64 and Itanium variants are capable of addressing up to 1 TB and 2 TB of RAM, respectively. This edition also supports Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA). It also provides the ability to hot-add supported hardware. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise is also the required edition to issue custom certificate templates. Windows Server 2003 Datacenter
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#17330860899932912-511: The x64 variant is capable of addressing up to 32 GB of RAM and also supports Non-Uniform Memory Access . Windows Server 2003 Enterprise is aimed towards medium to large businesses. It is a full-function server operating system that supports up to 8 physical processors and provides enterprise-class features such as eight-node clustering using Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) software and support for up to 64 GB of RAM through PAE . Enterprise Edition also comes in specialized variants for
2968-453: Was for building firewall, VPN caching servers and similar appliances. Variants were available with "Server Appliance Software" and with "Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server" Availability of the original version ended May 28, 2003. Availability of R2 ended March 5, 2006. End of extended support was July 14, 2015 (all variants except Storage Server ), and End of Licence was May 28, 2018 (R2 and original). The End of Licence date
3024-430: Was previously available as an out-of-band update for Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1. Windows Server 2003 R2 is an updated release of Windows Server 2003. It was released to manufacturing on December 6, 2005 for IA-32 and x64 platforms, but not for IA-64 . It was succeeded by Windows Server 2008 . New features of Windows Server 2003 R2 include: Windows Server 2003 R2 was distributed in two CDs , one containing
3080-409: Was released for this platform is Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server, an edition of Windows NT 3.1. With the release of Windows Server 2003 , Microsoft started releasing new versions under the name Windows Server. The latest release of Windows Server is Windows Server 2025. Microsoft's history of developing operating systems for servers goes back to Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server. Windows 2000 Server
3136-490: Was released to manufacturing on December 6, 2005. Windows Server 2003 is based on Windows XP . Windows Server 2003's kernel has also been used in Windows XP 64-bit Edition and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition , and was the starting point for the development of Windows Vista . Windows Server 2003 is the final version of Windows Server that supports processors without ACPI . Its successor, Windows Server 2008 , requires
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