Misplaced Pages

#455544

43-581: The Intelsat IV F-1 was part of the Intelsat IV series which consisted of eight communications satellites, launched from Cape Canaveral during the early 1970s, marked the fifth generation of geostationary communications satellites developed by the Hughes Aircraft Company since 1963 with the launch of Syncom II, the world's first synchronous satellite. The Syncom II was 15 cm high and 28 inches in diameter, weighing 78 pounds in orbit. In contrast,

86-684: A bandwidth of 40 MHz and provided about 500 communication circuits. The satellite was successfully launched into space on May 22, 1975, by means of an Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D vehicle from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida , United States . It had a launch mass of 3,117 lb. This article about one or more spacecraft of the United States is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral ( Spanish : Cabo Cañaveral )

129-413: A fish, and seldom missed when he darted at him. In two hours time he got as many fish as would serve twenty men[.] The Ais boiled their fish, and ate them from 'platters' of palmetto leaf: About noon was some fish brought us on small palmetto leaves, being boiled with scales, head and gills, and nothing taken from then [sic] but the gut[.] Dickinson also recorded a gift of clams to his wife: This day

172-619: A fort and mission at an Ais town, which the Spanish called Santa Lucía. After the Ais attacked the fort, killing 23 of the soldiers, the Spanish abandoned the fort and mission. Oathaqua was a major chief of the Ais. Governor Mendez de Canco reported in 1597 that this chief led more people than any other tribe. Spain eventually established some control over the coast; at first, the Ais considered them friends ( comerradoes ) and non-Spanish Europeans as enemies. A number of Ais men learned some Spanish , and

215-683: A fort from its timbers. In December 1571, Pedro Menéndez was wrecked off the Coast of Cape Canaveral and encountered the Ais Indians. From 1605 to 1606, the Spanish Governor of Florida Pedro de Ibarra sent Alvaro Mexia on a diplomatic mission to the Ais Indian nation. The mission was a success; diplomatic ties were made and an agreement for the Ais to receive ransoms for all the shipwrecked sailors they returned. The first Cape Canaveral Lighthouse

258-639: A gun club called the "Canaveral Club" at the Cape. This was founded by C. B. Horton of Boston and George H. Reed. A number of distinguished visitors including presidents Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison were reported to have stayed here. In the 1920s, the grand building fell into disrepair and later burned to the ground. In the 20th century, several communities sprang up in Cape Canaveral with names like Canaveral, Canaveral Harbor, Artesia and De Soto Beach. While

301-640: A language related to that of the Ais. The Surruque to the north and the Jaega to the south were politically subordinate to the Ais. A proposal to name the barrier island separating the Indian River Lagoon from the Atlantic Ocean " Ponce de León Island " resulted in a counter-proposal to name it "Ais Island". As of December 2012, the United States Board on Geographic Names has rejected both names for

344-675: A number of towns, each led by a chief who was subordinate to the paramount chief of Ais; the Indian River was known as the "River of Ais" to the Spanish. The Ais language has been linked to the Chitimacha language by linguist Julian Granberry, who points out that "Ais" means "the people" in the Chitimacha language. The Ais were hunter-gatherers and food was plentiful. They ate fish, turtle, shellfish, cocoplums, sabal palm berries and other gathered fruits. Prior to contact with European colonizers,

387-647: A patrol of Spanish soldiers from St. Augustine arrived in Jece while the Dickinson party was there. One Ais man in Jece had been taken away by the English to work as a diver on a wreck east of Cuba . He got away when the ship put in for water in Cuba, and made his way back to his home via Havana and St. Augustine. In December of 1571 , Pedro Menéndez de Avilés was sailing from Florida to Havana with two frigates when, as he tells it, I

430-520: A shipwreck. European and African survivors of shipwrecks were fairly common along the coast. The Ais also traded with St. Augustine. Dickinson reports that one man of Jece had approximately five pounds of ambergris ; he "boasted that when he went for Augustine with that, he would purchase of the Spaniards a looking-glass, an axe, a knife or two, and three or four mannocoes (which is about five or six pounds) of tobacco ." Shortly after 1700 , settlers in

473-405: A soldier, Álvaro Mexía , on a diplomatic mission to the Ais nation. The mission was a success; the Ais agreed to care for shipwrecked sailors for a ransom, and Mexía completed a map of the Indian River area with their help. Numerous European artifacts from shipwrecks have been found in Ais settlements. When the Dickinson party reached the town, there was already in Jece another group of English from

SECTION 10

#1733085764456

516-696: Is a cape in Brevard County, Florida , in the United States , near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Officially Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island , separated from it by the Banana River . It is part of a region known as the Space Coast , and is the site of the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station . Since many U.S. spacecraft have been launched from both

559-428: Is several hundred feet around. The Indian River (called the "Rio de Ais" by the Spanish colonizers) flows by within sight. The best single source for information on the Ais at the end of the 17th century is Jonathan Dickinson 's Journal , in which he makes observations on their appearance, diet, and customs. Dickinson and his party were shipwrecked, and spent several weeks among the Ais in 1696. By Dickinson's account,

602-560: Is the third oldest surviving European place name in the United States. The first application of the name, according to the Smithsonian Institution , was from the 1521–1525 explorations of Spanish explorer Francisco Gordillo . A point of land jutting out into an area of the Atlantic Ocean with swift currents, it became a landing spot for many shipwrecked sailors. An early alternative name was "Cape of Currents". By at least 1564,

645-512: The Cape Canaveral Space Force Station is the easternmost near the tip of the cape. In 1999, the North American Numbering Plan Administration allocated telephone area code 321 (as in a launch countdown ) to the Cape Canaveral area in homage to its spacefaring heritage. A post office in the area was built and listed in the U.S. Post Office application as "Artesia" and retained this name from 1893 to 1954. It

688-788: The Mosquito Lagoon , to the north of the Cape, was occupied by the Surruque people. The Surruque were allied with the Ais, but it is not clear whether the Surruque spoke a Timucua language , or a language related to the Ais language . In the early 16th century, Cape Canaveral was noted on maps, although without being named. It was named by Spanish explorers in the first half of the 16th century as Cabo Cañaveral . The name "Canaveral" ( cañaveral in Spanish , meaning ' reed bed ' or ' sugarcane plantation ')

731-477: The Province of Carolina and their Indian allies started raiding the Ais, killing some and carrying captives to Charles Town to be sold as slaves . In 1743 , the Spanish established a short-lived mission on Biscayne Bay (in the area of present-day Miami). The priests assigned to that mission reported the presence of people they called "Santa Luces", perhaps a name for the Ais derived from "Santa Lucia", somewhere to

774-463: The Tequesta tribe, to the south of the Ais, were reported to wear "shawls" made of woven palm leaves, and "skirts” made from draped fibers from the Spanish dagger ( yucca ), similar to the "grass" skirts of Hawai'i . Dickinson states that the town of Jece "stood about half a mile from the seashore within the land on the sound, being surrounded with a swamp, in which grew white mangrove trees, which hid

817-665: The final Mercury mission had concluded six months earlier. Although the name change was approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names of the Department of the Interior in December 1963, it was not popular in Florida from the outset, especially in the bordering city of Cape Canaveral . In May 1973, the Florida Legislature passed a law restoring the former 400-year-old name, and

860-628: The Ais population had grown to several hundred thousand and may have flourished for over 10,000 years. A burial mound, used by the Ais tribe for 500 to 1,000 years rises about twenty feet in Old Fort Park on Indian River Drive in Fort Pierce. This location later became an Army fort used during the Second Seminole War (1838–1842) and it may be the location of a Spanish settlement, mission and military outpost dating back to 1567. The burial mound

903-472: The Board went along. The name restoration to Cape Canaveral became official on 9 October 1973. Senator Ted Kennedy had stated in 1970 that it was a matter to be decided by the citizens of Florida. The Kennedy family issued a letter stating they "understood the decision". NASA's Kennedy Space Center retains the "Kennedy" name. The Gemini , Apollo , and the first Skylab missions were all launched while

SECTION 20

#1733085764456

946-398: The Cape Canaveral facility would be an appropriate memorial. Johnson recommended the renaming of the entire cape, announced in a televised address on November 28, 1963, six days after the assassination, on Thanksgiving evening. Accordingly, Cape Canaveral was officially renamed Cape Kennedy. Kennedy's last visit to the space facility was on 16 November 1963, six days before his death;

989-482: The Cape was a V-2 rocket named Bumper 8 from Launch Complex 3 on 24 July 1950. On 6 February 1959, the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile was accomplished. NASA 's Project Mercury and Gemini space flights were launched from Cape Canaveral, as were Apollo flights using the Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets. Cape Canaveral was chosen for rocket launches to take advantage of

1032-471: The Cassekey [of Jece] ... made presents to some of us, especially to my wife; he gave her a parcel of shellfish, which are known by the name of clams; one or two he roasted and gave her, showing that she must serve the rest so, and eat them. The Ais dried some of the berries they gathered for future use: This week we observed that great baskets of dried berries were brought in from divers towns and delivered to

1075-562: The Earth's rotation. The linear velocity of the Earth's surface is greatest towards the equator ; the relatively southerly location of the cape allows rockets to take advantage of this by launching eastward, in the same direction as the Earth's rotation. It is also highly desirable to have the downrange area sparsely populated, in case of accidents; an ocean is ideal for this. The east coast of Florida has logistical advantages over potential competing sites. The Spaceport Florida Launch Complex 46 of

1118-758: The Intelsat IVs weighed more than 1,300 lb (595 kg) into orbit and were more than 17 feet (5.2 meters) in diameter. All seven satellites exceeded their projected life expectancies and were withdrawn from active duty, the last of which, the Intelsat IV F-1 was retired in October 1987. The satellite was equipped with 12 C-band transponders. It had 6,000 two-way relay phone calls or broadcast 12 concurrent color television programs or mixed combinations of communications traffic including data and fax. The satellite had 12 channels of broadband communication. Each channel had

1161-685: The area for at least 12,000 years. During the middle Archaic period , from 5000 BC to 2000 BC, the Mount Taylor period culture region covered northeast Florida, including the area around Cape Canaveral. Late in the Archaic period, from 2000 BC to 500 BC, the Mount Taylor culture was succeeded by the Orange culture , which was among the earliest cultures in North America to produce pottery. The Orange culture

1204-462: The area was named Cape Kennedy. The first crewed launch under the restored name of Cape Canaveral was Skylab 4 , the final Skylab mission, on 16 November 1973. Ais people The Ais or Ays were a Native American people of eastern Florida . Their territory included coastal areas and islands from approximately Cape Canaveral to the Indian River . The Ais chiefdom consisted of

1247-538: The area was predominantly a farming and fishing community, some visionaries saw its potential as a resort for vacationers. However, the stock market crash of 1929 hampered its development. In the 1930s, a group of wealthy journalists started a community called "Journalista Beach", now called Avon by the Sea. The Brossier brothers built houses in this area and started a publication entitled the Evening Star Reporter that

1290-544: The chief of the town of Jece, near present-day Sebastian, was paramount to all of the coastal towns from the Jaega town of Jobe (at Jupiter Inlet ) in the south to approximately Cape Canaveral in the north (that is, the length of the River of Ais ). The Ais had already had considerable contact with Europeans by this time. The Spanish became acquainted with the Ais in middle of the 16th century. In 1566 Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , founder of St. Augustine, Florida , established

1333-456: The fishing technique of the neighboring Jaega people of Jobe thus: [T]he Casseekey [of Jobe] ... sent his son with his striking staff to the inlet to strike fish for us; which was performed with great dexterity; for some of us walked down with him, and though we looked very earnestly when he threw his staff from him could not see a fish at which time he saw it, and brought it onshore on the end of his staff. Sometimes he would run swiftly pursuing

Intelsat IV F-1 - Misplaced Pages Continue

1376-419: The king or Young Caseekey [of Jece.] Dickinson does not say anything about the Ais hunting, but they used deer skins. The neighboring Jaega people of Jobe gave the Dickinson party a hog they had killed. The Ais men wore a "loincloth" of woven palm leaves. Dickinson describes this as: being a piece of platwork of straws wrought of divers colors and of a triangular figure, with a belt of four fingers broad of

1419-512: The name appeared on maps. English privateer John Hawkins and his journalist John Sparke gave an account of their landing at Cape Canaveral in the 16th century. A Presbyterian missionary was wrecked here and lived among the Indians. Other histories tell of French survivors from Jean Ribault 's colony at Fort Caroline , whose ship the Trinité wrecked on the shores of Cape Canaveral in 1565, and built

1462-563: The north of Biscayne Bay. After 1703 the Ais were absorbed into the Costas tribe. Their numbers had diminished to 137 individuals by 1711. Diseases brought by the Europeans eradicated the remaining Ais/Costas by the mid-1740’s. The Ais disappear from area records after 1760. Dickinson stated that the Ais "neither sow nor plant any manner of thing whatsoever," but fished and gathered palmetto , cocoplum and seagrape berries. Dickinson described

1505-570: The same wrought together, which goeth about the waist and the angle of the other having a thing to it, coming between the legs, and strings to the end of the belt; all three meeting together are fastened behind by a horsetail, or a bunch of silkgrass exactly resembling it, of a flaxen color, this being all of the apparel or covering that the men wear. He has little to say on how the women dressed, recording only that his wife and female slaves were given "raw deer skins" with which to cover themselves after their European clothing had been taken away. Women of

1548-706: The station and the Kennedy Space Center on adjacent Merritt Island , the two are sometimes conflated with each other. Other features of the cape include Port Canaveral , one of the busiest cruise ports in the world, and the Cape Canaveral Lighthouse . The city of Cape Canaveral lies just south of the Port Canaveral District. Mosquito Lagoon , the Indian River , Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge and Canaveral National Seashore are also features of this area. Humans have occupied

1591-541: The test site for missiles when the legislation for the Joint Long Range Proving Ground was passed by the 81st Congress and signed by President Harry Truman on 11 May 1949. Work began on 9 May 1950, under a contract with the Duval Engineering Company of Jacksonville, Florida , to build the Cape's first paved access road and its first permanent launch site. The first rocket launched at

1634-523: The town from the sea." Dickinson describes the cacique 's house in Santa Lucea as "about forty foot long and twenty-five foot wide, covered with palmetto leaves both top and sides. There was a range of cabins, or a barbecue on one side and two ends. At the entering on one side of the house a passage was made of benches on each side leading to the cabins." The Mayaca , who lived along the upper St. Johns River south of Lake George , appear to have spoken

1677-573: Was "Port Canaveral" from 1954 to 1962, and then the City of Cape Canaveral from 1962 to 1963, when a larger post office was built. In 1963, President Lyndon Johnson issued an executive order renaming the area "Cape Kennedy", after President John F. Kennedy , who had set the goal of landing on the Moon . After Kennedy's assassination in November 1963, his widow, Jacqueline Kennedy , suggested to Johnson that renaming

1720-561: Was completed in January 1848 to warn ships of the coral shoals off the coast. The hurricane of August 1885, pushed a "wall of water" over the barrier island (elevation, 3.1 m (10 ft)) devastating Cape Canaveral and adjacent areas. The ocean waves flooded the homesteaders and discouraged further settlement in the area. The beach near the lighthouse was severely eroded prompting its relocation 1.6 km (0.99 mi) west inland. The 1890 graduating class of Harvard University started

1763-546: Was followed by the St. Johns culture , from 500 BC until after European contact. The area around the Indian River was in the Indian River variant of the St. Johns culture, with influences from the Belle Glade culture to the south. During the first Spanish colonial period the area around the Indian River , to the south of Cape Canaveral, was occupied by the Ais people , while the area around

Intelsat IV F-1 - Misplaced Pages Continue

1806-507: Was the forerunner of the Orlando Sentinel . Construction of Port Canaveral for military and commercial purposes was started in July 1950 and dedicated on 4 November 1953. Congress approved the construction of a deep-water port in 1929, half a century after it was first petitioned by the U.S. Navy in 1878. It is now the major deep-water port of Central Florida . Cape Canaveral became

1849-627: Was wrecked at Cape Canaveral because of a storm which came upon me, and the other boat was lost fifteen leagues further on in the Bahama Channel , in a river they call the Ais, because the cacique is so called. I, by a miracle reached the fort of St. Augustine with seventeen persons I was taking with me. Three times the Indians gave the order to attack me, and the way I escaped them was by ingenuity and arousing fear in them, telling them that behind me many Spaniards were coming who would slay them if they found them. In 1605 , Governor Pedro de Ibarra sent

#455544