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34-587: Its origins date back to June 2011, when municipal ordinance No. 1538 was issued, which froze the public transportation vehicle registry. With this measure, it was achieved that no other smaller vehicle, van or minibus, was registered for passenger transportation in the Urban Transportation Management (GTU), of the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima. A year later, in June 2012, the creation of

68-547: A speech delivered by the head of state before a representation of the Nation in which the government is rendered accountable at the beginning of the new ordinary legislative period or extraordinary measures are announced. Communication between the Head of State, or to whom the government delegates, and the country's Parliament is a deeply rooted custom in European monarchies . In the case of

102-578: A speech, previously approved by the Council of Ministers , in the hemicycle of the Legislative Palace before the National Congress in a solemn session on July 28 during the celebration of National Holidays where the president will present the situation of his government and the commitments and proposals for improvement, as well as projects for the following political course: 7. [It corresponds to

136-708: Is a specialised technical organisation of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications . Its main function is to integrate and articulate urban public transportation in the Lima metropolitan area . Organised transport systems such as the Lima Metro and the Metropolitano are dependent on the ATU. Since the late 2000s, various candidates for mayor of Lima proposed the creation of an autonomous transportation authority that would replace

170-772: Is known in Mexico, was established from the Federal Constitution of 1857 . The written presentation of the Report was recently established by law in article 69 of the Constitution of 1917 , a fundamental norm that is still in force. At the opening of Ordinary Sessions of the First Period of each year of Congress, the President of the Republic will present a written report, in which he states

204-529: The Peruvian government . In 2010, during the mandate of Lima mayor Luis Castañeda Lossio , the first High-Capacity Segregated Corridor was inaugurated, called Metropolitano , after which the ordinance of routes that overlapped its route began. During the mandate of Susana Villarán (2011-2014), a transportation reform was carried out that indicated the renewal of buses using the Bus Patrón as an example, scrapping,

238-618: The Secretary of the Interior delivered the Report to Congress on September 1 and the president read it the following day, September 2, at the National Palace . Subsequently, both the Chamber of Deputies and the Chamber of Senators carry out a political, legal, economic and social analysis of the Report and may request further information through written questions and, within their powers, summon

272-678: The Spanish Monarchy , it was established by law in article 123 of the Spanish Constitution of 1812 . The King will make a speech, in which he will propose to the Cortes what he deems appropriate; and to which the president will answer in general terms. If the King does not attend, he will send his speech to the president, so that it can be read by him in the Cortes. Annually, on the first of March,

306-613: The City of Buenos Aires and the Province of Buenos Aires , also inaugurate their period of ordinary sessions on March 1, giving a speech that, although it is not broadcast on the national (or provincial) network, is usually broadcast live online. The custom, known in Chile as the Public Account ( Spanish : Cuenta pública ) began with the Constitution of 1833 , setting June 1 as the annual date for

340-467: The President] to address messages to Congress at any time and obligatorily, personally and in writing, when the first annual ordinary legislature is installed. The annual messages contain a detailed exposition of the situation of the Republic and the improvements and reforms that the President deems necessary and convenient for his consideration by Congress. The messages of the President of the Republic, except

374-639: The Secretaries of State and the directors of parastatal entities who will appear and render reports under oath to tell the truth. In Peru, the tradition of the Annual Message ( Spanish : Mensaje Anual ) was born when President Agustín Gamarra gave a speech before the Peruvian Parliament on July 28, 1832. According to article 118 of the 1993 Constitution , the President of the Republic must make

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408-829: The Urban Transportation Management and complement the Autonomous Authority of the Electric Train (AATE) that at that time was part of the Municipality of Lima , until, in 2009, by ordinance issued during the second APRA government , the AATE once again became part of the Ministry of Transport and Communications . The purpose of the planned authority was the supervision and integration of urban transportation in Lima Province and that could then have an agreement with

442-691: The chamber of the Chamber of Deputies, although it is presided over by the president of the upper house. The speech is before the Legislative Assembly, since there are members of both chambers, as well as the cabinet of ministers and judges of the Supreme Court. The ceremony is broadcast by the National Radio and Television Network , and is also broadcast by the main news channels in the country. Some Argentine provinces also have this ceremony. For example,

476-518: The cutting and changing of some routes, the promotion of transfers, the whereabouts ordinance and ended with the establishment of the first complementary corridor that began the Integrated Transportation System, but initially had conflict with the municipality of Callao. Previously in her electoral campaign in 2010, Villarán as well as other mayoral candidates promoted the creation of an Autonomous Transportation Authority. Likewise,

510-521: The date to September 11 and the place to the Diego Portales building , headquarters of the Military Junta , since Congress was closed. The Constitution of 1980 , promulgated by the same regime, did not alter the situation, since it only established that the president had to report annually to the country on the administrative and political state of the nation. With the return of democracy in 1990,

544-528: The debate in December 2018, Law No. 30900 is promulgated, creating the Urban Transportation Authority for Lima and Callao. Subsequently, the urban transportation institutions in the metropolitan area (AATE, Lima Urban Transportation Management, Callao General Urban Transportation Management, Protransporte, SETAME, SETACA, SIT) are absorbed by the authority that was implemented, the last incorporation

578-455: The first SIT was established by municipal ordinance No. 1613. At that time, the focus of the system was the implementation of the current complementary corridors , whose jurisdiction was limited to Lima Province . Many public transportation companies authorized by the GTU formed a consortium to be able to participate in route bidding under the requirements established by Protransporte (currently ATU),

612-449: The first one, are approved by the Council of Ministers. Although it is not established by any protocol rule or regulation, it was customary for the President of Congress to respond to the presidential message as a courtesy, until Law No. 1100 of October 4, 1909 suppressed the reply, giving the session adjourned at the end of the presidential speech. On the other hand, during the ceremony for

646-620: The first radio report was that of President Lázaro Cárdenas in 1936, while the first televised one was the Fourth Report of President Miguel Alemán Valdés in 1950, this transmission also being the first program broadcast on commercial television. Traditionally, the speech was read by the president from the Tribune of the hemicycle of the Legislative Palace of San Lázaro , but from the Sixth Government Report of Vicente Fox of 2006 it

680-576: The formula of the message to the Nation issued by the media to announce extraordinary measures, such as the seizure of La Brea and Pariñas in 1969 by the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces , the 1992 self-coup by Alberto Fujimori , or the dissolution of Congress proposed by Martín Vizcarra in 2019. There is no extension or time limit for the presidential message. It is known that President Manuel Prado Ugarteche has been

714-473: The general state of the country's public administration (...). Despite the fact that the constitutional obligation was established since 1857, the first Report was read by President Guadalupe Victoria on January 1, 1825. The date of its presentation in writing and reading on September 1 of each year was established by the President Venustiano Carranza . Regarding its form of mass transmission,

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748-410: The municipal entity in charge of this process. The implementation of the corridors was not without problems, since several of the routes authorized by the municipality of Callao circulated along Lima avenues and had to be shortened or diverted. Given this, the public demand of the transporters from Callao to the then mayor of Lima Susana Villarán became evident. In 2014, Mayor Villarán announced that

782-602: The municipality of Callao so that it also integrates the authority and thus avoids conflicts during the integration of transportation in the Lima metropolitan area . Previously, there was the Technical Secretariat of the Transportation Council of Lima and Callao that ensured the integration of transportation and the creation of new lines that were promoted by the Japanese Agency JICA in agreement with

816-586: The one who has made the most extensive messages. On the other hand, the message to the Nation of July 28, 1881 pronounced by Nicolás de Piérola , at that time Provisional President parallel to the captive government of Francisco García-Calderón during the War of the Pacific , was read in the National Assembly of Ayacucho , in the mountains of Peru, an act that was carried out for the only time outside of Lima . In

850-662: The opening of ordinary sessions of the National Congress is held. This is ruled by the Constitution of the Argentine Nation: 8. [The President ] annually opens the sessions of Congress, meeting for this purpose both Chambers, giving an account on this occasion of the state of the Nation, of the reforms promised by the Constitution, and recommending for its consideration the measures that he deems necessary and convenient. The opening ceremony of ordinary sessions takes place in

884-434: The president of Congress, who gives him the band. Afterwards, he reads his first message to the Nation before Congress. This situation was avoided by President Alan García at the end of his second government in 2011 for fear that he would repeat the booing situation at the end of his first term in 1990. In addition to the dates indicated as traditional for the presidential speech, different Peruvian presidents have used

918-540: The project to create an ATU continued under various candidates for the 2014 election. Later in the message to the nation in 2017, President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski indicated that he would send a bill for the creation of the Autonomous Urban Transportation Authority for Lima and Callao that would depend on the central government through the Ministry of Transportation and Communications. After

952-489: The rendering of accounts by the President of the country . However, in 1925 it was established that the presidential speech before the National Congress should be on May 21, coinciding with Navy Day , and with the beginning of the regular session in Congress . Until 1973, the message to the Nation was pronounced, with some exceptions, without interruption. That year the military dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet moved

986-549: The road corridor would be built to begin the transportation reform. Its definition as such appears for the first time in article 4 of Law No. 30900, promulgated in December 2018. In 2023, only 11 districts of the 43 that make up Metropolitan Lima were connected to the fast bus line known as the Metropolitan Corridor. Urban Transport Authority The Urban Transport Authority for Lima and Callao ( Spanish : Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao ; ATU )

1020-515: The speech was restored to May 21, which was officially established with the constitutional reform of 2005. In 2017, as a consequence of another constitutional reform, the speech was moved from May 21 to June 1, thus returning to its original date. The Government Report ( Spanish : Informe de Gobierno ), which is how the speech before the Congress of the Union by the president of the Mexican government

1054-470: The transfer of powers in Congress, the outgoing president delivers a message in which he renders accounts and makes a portrait of the achievements of his administration. Then, the president thanks and delivers the presidential sash , symbol of the country's supreme command, to the president of Congress , who will hold it for a short period of time. After the arrival of the president-elect, he takes an oath before

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1088-533: Was Protransporte in September 2020. During the debates for the 2022 Lima municipal elections, there was some criticism of the institution, due to some situations that slowed down urban transportation works in Lima, in addition to some candidates professing that the institution took away the powers that the municipality previously managed. In 2023, the organisation proposed a transportation reform in Lima and Callao, but it

1122-449: Was decided that a summary would be delivered to the President of the Board of Directors of Congress for then carry out the reading through public television, this alteration of the protocol was due to the fact that Fox's Fifth Report was booed and the president was prevented by a group of deputies from going up to the Tribune, so it could not be read in parliament. Thus it was established that

1156-514: Was interrupted after the retirement of Ana Jara by the central government. In addition, at the end of that year, operations began on the northern expansion of the Metropolitano and a section of Line 2 of the Lima Metro . Mensaje a la naci%C3%B3n The Message to the Nation ( Spanish : Mensaje a la nación ) is a political tradition in Hispanic American countries that consists of

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