The School of Infantry ( SOI ) is the second stage of initial military training for enlisted United States Marines after recruit training . The ITB (Infantry Training Battalion) now called IMC (Infantry Marine Course) went from a 59 day course to 14 week course. Since the initial training pipeline is divided between coasts, Marines from areas east of the Mississippi River usually graduate from MCRD Parris Island and move on to SOI at SOI East (located at Camp Geiger , a satellite facility of Camp Lejeune in North Carolina ), while those from the western half of the nation attend MCRD San Diego and move on to SOI West at the Camp San Onofre area of Camp Pendleton in California . Female Marines are trained at both SOI East and SOI West. The School of Infantry's training mission ensures "Every Marine is, first and foremost, a Rifleman ". At SOI, Marines with the Military Occupational Specialty of infantry (0300 occupational field) are trained at the Infantry Training Battalion (ITB), while all non-infantry Marines are trained in basic infantry and combat skills at the Marine Combat Training Battalion (MCT Bn). SOI marks a transition in the professional training of entry-level students from basically trained Marines to combat-ready Marines.
47-513: Prior to 1953, there was no formal infantry training in the Marine Corps, and all Marines received combat training at recruit training . The Marine Corps established Infantry Training Regiments at Camp Lejeune and Camp Pendleton in that year. Between 1954 and 1966, all Marines received 13 weeks of Boot Camp (Basic Training) and 8 weeks of Infantry Training Regiment (ITR) regardless of their Primary Military Occupational Specialty (MOS), growing out of
94-521: A MOS but also a unit to serve. After completing the 12 week FGI course, recruits are receiving the AFFIM certificate (say BCT graduation) and are considered as private 2nd class. After one week of leave, they go back to their regiment for the Formation de Spécialité Initiale (FSI) => MOS training. After FGI+FSI, they can start training with their platoon for external deployment. Usually, Private 1st class rank
141-460: A legal right to do so. In the UK and U.S., recruits under the age of 20 are most likely to drop out in these ways. Recruit training varies by nation according to the national requirement and can be voluntary ( volunteer military ) or mandatory ( conscription ). Some nations operate both volunteer and conscription systems simultaneously. Recruit training differs according to military branch : Most of
188-494: A team. In particular, recruits are repeatedly instructed to stand, march, and respond to orders in a ritual known as foot drill , which is derived from 18th-century military practices and trains recruits to obey orders without hesitation or question. According to Finnish Army regulations, for example, foot drill is essential for the esprit de corps and cohesion, accustoms recruits to instinctive obedience, enables large units to be marched and moved in an orderly manner, and creates
235-474: Is milling , an exercise used for infantry training in which pairs of recruits wearing boxing gloves punch each other in the head as aggressively as possible. To further enable recruits to kill on demand, they are taught to objectify ( dehumanize ) their opponent in battle as an ‘enemy target’ to ‘be engaged’, which will ‘fall when hit’. Recruits are taught the basic skills of their profession, such as military tactics , first aid, managing their affairs in
282-845: Is a Canadian military academy located on the site of Fort Saint-Jean (Quebec) , The Danish Army conducts the HBU (Hærens Basisuddannelse, Army Basic Training course) at 8 bases around the country. The course lasts four months, and has its focus on training skills used in connection with the Danish total defence, and on recruiting for the army's international missions, and for the NCO-schools. The recruits are technically conscripts, but during recession years, many young men and woman have volunteered for HBU. Training lasts 5.5 to 11.5 months total, depending on an individual specialization. All Finnish conscripts undergo six weeks of basic training ( peruskoulutuskausi ), which
329-414: Is an example, as the strong language of this instruction from a British army corporal illustrates: I wanna see it in your eyes that you wanna kill these fuckers. Imagine these dummies are the fucking Taliban and they’ve just killed some of your mates. You wanna fuckin’ kill them. Show me your war face! [Recruits yell] You need some fucking more aggression, show me your war face. Another example
376-599: Is earned after 6 to 12 month of time in service. For some units (mountain troops - airborne), there is also during first year a Formation d'Adaptation (FA) for basic mountain training (2 × 2 weeks) or parachute school (3 weeks) Content of FGI is the following one: Drills, First aid and chemical warfare, PT and obstacle course, First weapon qualification (FAMAS, pistol and grenade), Signals, Basic field and infantry training (even if not MOS11B later on), Presentation of French army, soldiers duties and reports. The Allgemeine Grundausbildung (AGA) (i.e. general basic training ) of
423-618: Is essentially the same for all servicemen. It includes assault rifle ( RK-62 / RK-95 ) marksman training, few other basic weapon training, battle training, short field medic training and camping skills. At the end of this training, all men are promoted to their first military rank. After this, specialized training is given depending on the person (5,5–11,5 months). The NCO trainees go to AUK (NCO school) and become corporals or sergeants, from which some are selected to RUK (Reserve officer school) and become second lieutenants. Leadership training (officer candidates and NCOs) always lasts 11.5 months. In
470-471: Is observed by their family and friends, and senior military personnel. Recruits then pass to the next stage of their training, if applicable. A large percentage of recruits drop out of training. For example, attrition among British infantry recruits has been found to be above 30% during the first 12 weeks. Reasons for this include dismissal for behavioural problems, poor performance, or injury, and furthermore, recruits who choose to leave if and when they have
517-699: Is trained and passed out as an officer of the Pakistan Army in 2 years. Enlisted Men undertake training at the Regimental Center of their chosen regiment. MOS 0311 MOS 0311 is the United States Marine Corps (USMC) Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) code for infantry rifleman . It is the primary infantry MOS for enlisted Marines. A rifleman may employ the M4 carbine , the M203 grenade launcher ,
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#1732870000914564-520: The Bundeswehr covers the first three months of military service. The contents of the "Allgemeine Grundausbildung" includes A notable peculiarity of German basic training is rooted in German military tradition that prefers initiative to obedience. Rather than "breaking" the personality of new recruits through intimidation and aggression, German basic training generally tries to "mold" a recruits personality in
611-711: The Canadian Forces . The Canadian Forces Training System, a unified system for all the services, was devised and remains in place today. Most non-commissioned CF recruits in the Regular Force (full-time) participate in the 8-week Basic Military Qualification (BMQ) at Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School at Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu , Quebec . Regular Force officers complete their 12-week Basic Military Officer Qualification (BMOQ) at CFLRS as well, before moving on to Second Language Training or their occupational training. After basic training, personnel are trained in
658-513: The Israel Defense Forces (called tironut in Hebrew) varies depending on the unit: virtually every unusual unit completes a different training course. Recruits are certified as riflemen after the completion of the training, while most non-combat units train in all-army bases for the certification of Rifleman 02. Individuals who want to become officers must apply to be trained at a facility in
705-664: The M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle , AT4 and M72 LAW rockets. Riflemen are the primary scouts, assault troops, and close combat forces available to the Marine Air Ground Task Force . They are the foundation of the Marine infantry organization, and as such are the nucleus of the fire team in the rifle squad, the scout team in the LAR squad , scout snipers in the infantry battalion, and reconnaissance or assault team in
752-492: The Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP). Leadership traits and the application of the core values in every aspect of the Marine's life are also emphasized. Marine Combat Training (MCT) is a 29-day course in which entry-level non-infantry Marines are taught the common skills needed in combat. Marines learn the basics of combat marksmanship, counter-improvised explosive device techniques, how to conduct
799-685: The Regional Force Surveillance Units usually differs greatly from training in the rest of the Army. For instance, NORFORCE recruits attend a 2-week course at the Kangaroo Flats. Recruits from areas covered by the RFSUs often come from indigenous cultures radically different from that of the general Australian population, and as such many regular standards and methods of training are not as applicable in their case. Recruit Training for officers in
846-518: The United States Marine Corps . Recruit training Military recruit training , commonly known as basic training or boot camp , refers to the initial instruction of new military personnel . It is a physically and psychologically intensive process, which resocializes its subjects for the unique demands of military employment . Initial military training is an intensive residential programme commonly lasting several weeks or months, which aims to induct newly recruited military personnel into
893-826: The social norms and essential tasks of the armed forces. Common features include foot drill , inspections, physical training, weapons training, and a graduation parade . The training process resocializes recruits to the demands made of them by military life. Psychological conditioning techniques are used to shape attitudes and behaviours, so that recruits will obey all orders, face mortal danger, and kill their opponents in battle. According to an expert in United States military training methods, Dave Grossman , recruit training makes extensive use of four types of conditioning techniques: role modeling , classical conditioning , operant conditioning , and brutalization. Inductees are required to partially submerge their individuality for
940-502: The Australian Army (known as ICT—Initial Cadet Training) takes place at Royal Military College, Duntroon (RMC). The ICT is conducted for approximately seven weeks after which staff cadets continue military instruction in skills such as weapons training, military history, leadership, strategic studies and other such skills at section, platoon and company levels. Trainees at RMC hold the rank of Staff Cadet and, if successful in completing
987-578: The French army, the "Formation Générale Initiale" (FGI) is a 12 weeks course which occurs in a Centre de Formation Initiale des Militaires du Rang (CFIM). There are 10 CFIM in the country. Prior to this course, new recruits are joining the regiment they are going to serve during 3 to 5 years for reception week where they get issued gear, complete administrative documents and a final medical exam before starting training => in France any enlisted soldier signs not only for
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#17328700009141034-614: The Marine is to have gained the knowledge and ability to operate in a combat environment as a basic rifleman and to perform his or her primary duties under fire. The Advanced Infantry Training Battalion (AITB) conducts additional training for those infantry Marines who have an MOS other than 0311 , as well as advanced skills, MOS validation, leadership, and qualifications to infantry Marines who have advanced in their careers. The east and west coast stations have slightly different subordinate units. [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of
1081-691: The Negev desert called "Bahad One" (abbreviation of "Bsis Hadracha", Instruction Base). The Pakistan Military Academy (or PMA ) is a Military Academy of the Pakistan Army . It is located at Kakul in Abbottabad in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . The Pakistan Military Academy is analogous to Sandhurst , West Point or Tironut and undertakes training of the prospective officers of Pakistan Army. The academy has four training battalions and sixteen companies. A Cadet
1128-484: The armed forces (an aspect of Interservice rivalry), thereby establishing a hierarchy of esteem (also known as a hierarchy of respect ); the same stories are used to draw a contrast with the purported inferior norms associated with civilian life. ( Cf . Unit cohesion ) Evidence from Australia, the UK and the U.S. shows that recruit training systematically stimulates aggression , particularly in those enlisted for ground close combat roles. Bayonet practice
1175-532: The basis for action in the battlefield. The training process applies stressors continuously. Instructors may deprive recruits of sleep, food, or shelter; shout personal insults ; use physical aggression ; or give orders intended to humiliate . According to specialists in U.S. recruit training, the conditions of continuous stress deplete recruits' resistance to the demands made of them. The intense workload and sleep restriction experienced by military recruits leaves them little attention capacity for processing
1222-603: The continuum of training and mentoring entry-level Marines. Also trained at the SOI, these instructors began earning the MOS 0913 (formerly MOS 8513) in 2003. The Infantry Training Battalion's mission is to train and qualify Marines in entry level infantry military occupational specialties to provide the Operating Forces and Marine Forces Reserve with Marines capable of conducting expeditionary combat operations. Infantry Training Battalion
1269-573: The course are commissioned as Lieutenants (pronounced Left-tenant). The overall full-time officer training course at RMC is 18 months long. Centralized recruit training in the Canadian Army did not exist until 1940, and until the creation of Basic Training Centres across Canada, recruit training had been done by individual units or depots. In 1968 the Canadian Army , Royal Canadian Navy , and Royal Canadian Air Force were unified into one service ,
1316-502: The defense of a position, convoy operations, combat formations, fireteam assaults, patrolling, MOUT, use of the AN/PRC-119 radio , reporting military intelligence , land navigation, and the use of hand grenades, the M203 grenade launcher , M249 Squad Automatic Weapon , and M240 machine gun . Training also includes combat conditioning by running an obstacle course , conducting marches, physical training, and MCMAP. Upon completion of MCT,
1363-633: The exception of Construction Engineer Officers, who also do BMOQ-A Reservists, particularly the Army Reserve, may conduct basic and trades training part-time, generally alternating weekends with their own units. Due to increased integration of the Regular and Reserve Force, many reservists attend courses hosted by the Regular Force. Members of the Army Reserves complete an 8-week BMQ/SQ combined course (Basic Military Qualification and Soldier Qualification) during
1410-432: The field, and the use of weaponry and other equipment. Throughout, the physical fitness of recruits is tested and developed, although evidence from Israel, Norway, South Africa, the UK and the U.S. has found that the heavy strain on the body also leads to a high rate of injury. Recruits who complete their initial training normally take part in a graduation parade (also called passing-out or marching-out). The parade
1457-577: The head, issuing uniforms, denying privacy, and prohibiting the use of first names, individuality is suppressed. Recruits' daily routine is highly controlled, in the manner of the ' total institution ' described by the Canadian-American sociologist Erving Goffman . For example, the training regime determines how recruits must make their beds, polish boots, and stack their clothes; mistakes are punished. Throughout their training, recruits are conditioned to conform to military norms and to work as
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1504-457: The hope of producing soldiers with stronger personalities and more own initiative. While until 2000 the Greek Army was mainly conscript based, since then a large Professional Enlisted institution has been adopted, which combined with the reduction of conscript service will produce an approximate 1:1 ratio between conscript and professional enlisted. While initially training of the two institutions
1551-406: The individual, recruits are now in a world where the institutional value of the group is supreme. One has to be a team player or risk ostracism. The military does things quite deliberately to intensify the power of group pressure within its ranks. The group is made responsible for each member... even though it may seem manifestly unfair to make the group suffer for the individual. As a buffer against
1598-543: The messages they receive about new norms… Therefore, recruits should be less likely to devote their remaining cognitive effort to judging the quality of persuasive messages and will be more likely to be persuaded by the messages… Evidence from Canada, the UK, the U.S. and elsewhere shows that punishments are used routinely to condition group conformity and discourage poor performance. The role of group punishment in Canadian Army training, for example, has been described as follows: Coming from civilian society that elevates
1645-482: The philosophy that all Marines are riflemen first. Because of manpower demands for Vietnam, in 1966 Boot Camp training was reduced from 13 weeks to 8 weeks, and ITR was reduced from 8 weeks to 4 weeks. However, by late 1968 these were returned to their 13 week and 8 week lengths, as manpower demands were satisfied by recruiting efforts, as well as by Selective Service inductees volunteering for a Marine Corps option. In 1971, infantry skills training for non-infantry Marines
1692-582: The reconnaissance units. Noncommissioned officers are assigned as fire team leaders, scout team leaders, rifle squad leaders, or rifle platoon guides. The mission of the Marine Corps rifle squad is to locate, close with and destroy the enemy by fire and maneuver or to repel the enemy's assault by fire and close combat. Training for this MOS is conducted at the United States Marine Corps School of Infantry located at Camp Geiger, North Carolina or Camp Pendleton, California. The training period
1739-740: The recruit training in the Australian Army is currently held at Army Recruit Training Centre (ARTC) at Kapooka , near Wagga Wagga in New South Wales . Recruit training lasts 80 days for members of the Australian Regular Army and 35 days for members of the Australian Army Reserve . In basic training recruits are taught drill, weapons and workplace safety, basic equipment maintenance, marksmanship, fieldcraft, radio use and defensive/offensive operations. Training for recruits in
1786-425: The role of advanced infantry training to the newly established Advanced Infantry Training Company at the SOI. Prior to 1997, only male Marines were trained at SOI schools; females went directly to their MOS schools. The training is accomplished with a combination of classroom instruction, hands-on practical application, and live-fire experience. The Marine Combat Instructors at SOI provide continuity and consistency in
1833-416: The sake of their military unit, which enhances obedience to orders to perform actions normally absent from civilian life, including killing and prolonged exposure to danger. The resocialization of recruit training operates in several ways, as follows: Once their training has begun, the right of recruits to leave the military estate (or to quit the armed forces) is denied or tightly restricted. By shaving
1880-544: The specialty of their "environment". Members of the Royal Canadian Navy undergo a five-week sea environment training course; with members of the Canadian Army undergo a 20-day Soldier Qualification course, while officers go through a 12-week Common Army Phase (now renamed to Basic Military Officer Qualification-Army); while members from the Royal Canadian Air Force move on directly to their trade training, with
1927-456: The stressful conditions of their training, the trainee group normally forms a strong bond of mutual loyalty . Researchers in the U.S. have described it as an intense "we-feeling", which can feel more powerful than the civilian bonds that recruits are familiar with. In 2006, an official report on Australian Defence Force training explained the importance of the group bond: Willingness to apply lethal force requires… sufficient bonding within
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1974-829: The summer. Formerly the Naval and Air Reserve jointly conduct BMQ for its recruits at the Naval Reserve Training Division Borden, Ontario equivalent to Regular Force BMQ, at Canadian Forces Base Borden . Now the Naval Reserve conducts the Basic Military Naval Qualification in CFB Valcartier by the Canadian Forces Fleet School Québec (a combination of recruit training and naval environmental training which leads to savings in
2021-406: The team to override each individual’s natural human resistance to kill. The toughness and bonding required increases the closer the contact with the enemy. Recruits are taught to be proud of their identity as professional military personnel, and of their unit in particular. Heroic regimental stories and symbols are used to ennoble the recruits' own unit above others, and above other branches of
2068-542: The training). The Navy trains its personnel in seamanship , firefighting , damage control and other skills after BMQ, in the Naval Environmental Training Program (NETP) in either Esquimalt, British Columbia or Halifax, Nova Scotia . The Royal Military College of Canada is the military academy of the Canadian Forces, and is a degree-granting university. The Royal Military College Saint-Jean
2115-801: Was a 59-day training course that develops new Marines into infantrymen "who can fight, survive, and win in a combat situation". The first two weeks are a common skills package that all infantry MOSs share, where Marines receive instruction in combat marksmanship , use of grenades , identifying and countering improvised explosive devices , convoy operations, Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT), tactical formations , land navigation , and patrolling . Afterward, Marines receive instruction specific to their infantry MOS, regarding machine guns , mortars , reconnaissance , or anti-tank warfare . The training cycle includes physical conditioning via physical training, conditioning marches, and sustainment training in
2162-426: Was folded into recruit training and entailed only 60 training hours. During the late 1970s and through the 1980s, Marines assigned an Infantry MOS went to Infantry Training School, commonly referred to as "ITS". This lasted until the Marine Corps established Marine Combat Training as a 28-day course in 1989 to teach rifleman skills to all male Marines. In 1996, the 2nd Marine Division disbanded Division Schools, passing
2209-435: Was shared, it has since then diverged, and conscript training has been reduced in length while professional enlisted training has been increased. The Indian military services have established numerous and distinguished academies and staff colleges across India for the purpose of training professional soldiers in new generation military sciences, warfare command and strategy, and associated technologies. The recruit training of
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