War in Afghanistan
64-639: War in North-West Pakistan The Islamic Jihad Union ( IJU ; Arabic : اتحاد الجهاد الإسلامي , romanized : Ittiḥad al-Jihad al-Islāmī ) is a militant Islamist organization founded in 2002 as a splinter group of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU). Headquartered in North Waziristan , a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan , bordering Afghanistan , the group has been affiliated with both Al-Qaeda and
128-619: A war , it is now a low-level insurgency as of 2017. The armed conflict began in 2004 when tensions rooted in the Pakistan Army 's search for al-Qaeda fighters in Pakistan's mountainous Waziristan area (in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas ) escalated into armed resistance. Pakistan's actions were presented as its contribution to the U.S. War on terror . The al-Qaeda terrorists fled Afghanistan seek refuge in
192-543: A bloody campaigns of suicide bombings throughout the country. Due to the Lal-Masjid Operation number of suicide attacks jumped from 10 in 2006 to 61 in 2007. Pakistan Armed Forces also bore the burnt of number of terrorist attacks such as PNS Mehran attack , Kamra Airbase attack , and GHQ Rawalpindi attack . With help of military campaigns Pakistan Army was able to push back TTP into Afghanistan from where it continues to launch terrorist attacks on Pakistan. By 2014,
256-678: A chief planner in two assassination attempts on the life of President Pervez Musharraf in December 2003. On 13 January 2006, the United States Air Force launched an airstrike on the village of Damadola . The attack occurred in the Bajaur tribal area, about 7 km ( 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) from the Afghan border, and killed at least 18 people, mostly children and women. The attack again targeted Ayman al-Zawahiri, but later evidence suggests he
320-510: A counterterrorism operation led by the federal police had never been the case before. At the same time, Danish police in Copenhagen were busy with explosives. A Pakistani and an Afghan man have been charged with preparing to carry out their attacks under al-Qaeda plans. Authorities said they were unaware of any direct links between the terrorists arrested in the two European countries. Three men were arrested on 4 September 2007 while leaving
384-565: A direct link between the cases in Germany and Denmark, but in both cases they also found material for bomb-making in addition to the suspected links with al-Qaeda. Both German and Danish suspects used the Internet to try to communicate with their Pakistani network. The perpetrators were primarily motivated by strong anti-Americanism fuelled by interaction with extremists inside Germany, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan and their radicalization increased after
448-513: A global terrorist organization in May 2005. The United Nations Security Council added IJG to its terrorism list in June 2005. In May 2005, the group changed its name into Islamic Jihad Union (IJU). After this period, it became closer to core Al-Qaeda, shifting its focus towards plotting terror attacks in Pakistan and Western Europe, particularly Germany. On 13 October 2005, Hazel Blears MP testified before
512-643: A mid-2015 statement, the IJU website claimed that the group was currently fighting alongside the Taliban, al Qaeda, and the Turkistan Islamic Party in southern Afghanistan, the eastern provinces of Paktika, Paktia, and Nangarhar, and the northern provinces of Badakhshan and Kunduz. In August 2015, the IJU released a statement and photos showing scores of its fighters in Northern Afghanistan pledging allegiance to
576-631: A raid outside the town of Mardan , 50 kilometres (30 mi) northeast of Peshawar. His arrest was confirmed by the Government sources and noted as " al-Libbi was a high ranking al-Qaeda official, rumored to be third after Osama bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri ." Al-Libbi replaced Khalid Shaikh Mohammed after his arrest in March 2003 in connection with the 11 September attacks . The Pakistan government arrested al-Libbi and held him on charges in relation to being
640-609: A rented cottage in the Oberschledorn district of Medebach , Germany where they had stored 700 kg (1,500 lb) of a hydrogen peroxide -based mixture and 26 military-grade detonators , and were attempting to build car bombs . A supporter was arrested in Turkey . All four had attended an IJU-training camp in the border region between Afghanistan and Pakistan in 2006. They were convicted in 2010 and given prison sentences of varying lengths; all have since been released. Two of
704-547: A tactic of negotiation instead of direct conflict. On 16 March 2004, a bloody mountainous battle between the Pakistan Army troops and the foreign fighters of al-Qaeda was fought in the White Mountains of South Waziristan . The Pakistani media speculated that Pakistan Army had surrounded a " high value target " in the mountainous region, possibly al-Qaeda 's then-second-in-command Ayman al-Zawahiri . According to
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#1732876558880768-413: Is purported to have set a 15 September deadline for the group's attacks. The group was aware that they were being watched by police, one member even slashing an unmarked police car's tires while stopped at an intersection. A routine traffic stop by police not involved in the investigation led to the officers mentioning that the drivers were on a federal watchlist, a comment that the suspects overheard (as
832-462: Is why terrorists started to act in the form of sleeper cells by 2017. To continue their nefarious activities Jamat-ul-Ahrar , one of offshoot of TTP launched Operation Ghazi in 2017 to reignite the insurgency. Pakistan Army in order to counter Operation Ghazi of TTP and sanitize country from the remaining militants, abettors, facilitators, and sleeper cells launched Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad under its commander COAS Qamar Javed Bajwa . This operation
896-480: The 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq . Fritz Gelowicz (born 1979) was considered the leader of the plot. He was born in Munich and moved to Ulm with his parents and brother at the age of 5. He was raised in an upper middle class family where his father was a solar heating salesman and his mother was a nurse . His parents separated when he was 15, and Gelowicz remained with his father. He converted to Islam between
960-768: The Frankfurt International airport and US-Military installations such as Ramstein Air Base . The three persons were directly affiliated with the Islamic Jihad Group. In 2008 two suspected IJU members were arrested at Germany's Cologne Bonn Airport aboard a KLM flight bound for Amsterdam . The men, who had connecting flights to Uganda , were thought to have continuing itineraries on to Pakistan , where sources claimed they would participate in some sort of terrorist training or indoctrination. However, after being held for several days, evidence failed to materialize and
1024-593: The House of Commons that the IJU should be identified as a banned organization because it posed a threat to British interests overseas. Though some Ministers dissented from this viewpoint, Blears asserted in her testimony that these conclusions were independently corroborated by British intelligence service and security service sources, and that many UN members expressed concern regarding the IJG. In 2007 three terrorists were arrested in Germany after being suspected of plans to attack
1088-507: The Internet to try to communicate with their Pakistani network. Tougher terror legislation was proposed by German Justice Minister Brigitte Zypries . The new laws would make it illegal to train and/or obtain substances for an attack. The proposed penalty would be up to ten years in prison. G., S., Y., and S. went on trial in Germany on 22 April 2009. The suspects confessed. They were sentenced in March 2010. The authorities did not find
1152-642: The Islamic Jihad Union in tribal areas of Pakistan . He was married in January 2007, to a German-Turkish woman . Seven lesser figures were also being hunted. Only five are known by name. The other two have been identified by aliases. Four of the ten suspects (including Yilmaz) have been identified as Turkish. The suspects had been under observation since October 2006, when the NSA had intercepted communications between them and IJU and alerted German authorities. At
1216-523: The Pervez Musharraf administration launched operations with Battle of Wanna to hunt down al-Qaeda fighters. However, Pakistan security forces did not target Afghan Taliban as Taliban were not responsible for the twin-tower attacks . Subsequently, Pakistan Army failed to achieve its desired results. Pakistan Army's failure resulted in the Waziristan Accord which is considered to be failure on
1280-514: The Taliban . Under its original name Islamic Jihad Group (IJG; Arabic: جماعة الجهاد الاسلامي , romanized: Jama'at al-Jihad al-Islāmī ), the group conducted several attacks in Uzbekistan. In 2007, a large-scale bomb plot in Germany, known as the "Sauerland terror cell" , was discovered by German security authorities. In the following years, the group focused on fighting Pakistani forces in
1344-4053: The United Nations Security Council , the Islamic Jihad Union has operated in Syria, under the control of the Syrian jihadist group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham . War in North-West Pakistan Ongoing (Low-level insurgency) [REDACTED] Pakistan Insurgents Supported by: [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Afghanistan (denied by Afghanistan) ISIL-aligned groups : [REDACTED] Asif Ali Zardari (2024–present) [REDACTED] Asim Munir (2022–present) [REDACTED] Former military commanders Ashfaq Kayani Raheel Sharif Qamar Javed Bajwa Masood Aslam Tariq Khan Sanaullah Khan Niazi † Mushtaq Ahmed Baig † Ameer Faisal Alavi † Colonel Imam † Rao Qamar Suleman Tahir Rafique Butt [REDACTED] Former head of states Pervez Musharraf (until 2008) Asif Ali Zardari (2008–2013) Mamnoon Hussain (2013–2018) Arif Alvi (2018–2024) [REDACTED] Former army officers Noor Wali Mehsud Maulana Fazlullah † Khan Said 'Sajna' † Adnan Rashid Mangal Bagh † Hakimullah Mehsud † Abdullah Mehsud † Baitullah Mehsud † Maulvi Nazir † Hafiz Gul Bahadur † Omar Khalid Khorasani † Khalid Balti † Azam Tariq † Shahidullah Shahid † Mullah Dadullah † Wali-ur-Rehman † Qari Hussain † Faqir Mohammed ( POW ) Maulvi Omar ( POW ) Muslim Khan ( POW ) Hayatullah ( POW ) Shah Dauran † Sher Muhammad Qusab † Nek Muhammad Wazir † Abdul Rashid Ghazi † Sufi Muhammad ( POW ) [REDACTED] al-Qaeda Ayman al-Zawahiri † Osama bin Laden † Ilyas Kashmiri † Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim † Atiyah Abd al-Rahman † Abu Laith al-Libi † Abu Yahya al-Libi † Abu-Zaid al Kuwaiti † Saeed al-Masri † Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam † Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan † Sheikh Fateh † Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah † Asim Umar † Khalid Sheikh Mohammed ( POW ) Abu Faraj al-Libbi ( POW ) Ramzi bin al-Shibh ( POW ) Abu Zubaydah ( POW ) [REDACTED] ISIL Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi † Hafiz Saeed Khan † Abdul Rahman Ghaleb † Abdul Rahim Muslim Dost (2014–2015) Usman Ghazi † [REDACTED] IMU Group Usman Ghazi † Tohir Yuldashev † Najmiddin Jalolov † Abu Usman Adil † Pakistan 200,000 Pakistani troops Unknown no. of air squadrons of Navy and Pakistan Air Force fighter jets, including JF-17 and F-16 jets ~10,000 Frontier Corps ~25,000 TTP militia ~2,000 Lashkar-e-Islam militia ~1,000 TNSM militia 300–3,000 al-Qaeda militants [REDACTED] ISIL Pakistan : 4,631 soldiers and LEAs killed (per SATP) 8,214 killed soldiers and LEAs and 14,583 wounded (per
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#17328765588801408-678: The War in North-West Pakistan or Pakistan's war on terror , is an ongoing armed conflict involving Pakistan and Islamist militant groups such as the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Jundallah , Lashkar-e-Islam (LeI), TNSM , al-Qaeda , and their Central Asian allies such as the ISIL–Khorasan (ISIL), Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan , East Turkistan Movement , Emirate of Caucasus , and elements of organized crime . Formerly
1472-637: The Watson Institute ; by mid-2016) 9,394 civilians and 1,946 unidentified killed (per SATP) 22,100 civilians killed (per the Watson Institute ; by mid-2016) 46,872 killed overall (per SATP) 61,549 killed overall (per the Watson Institute; by mid-2016) 41,819 killed overall all over Pakistan (Uppsala Conflict Data Program; 1989–2019) Over 3.44 million civilians displaced (2009) The insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , also known as
1536-556: The fall of Kabul in August 2021, Pakistan is confronted with renewed threat of terrorism as TTP has been injected with fresh dose of strength due to the victory of Taliban in Afghanistan. The fresh recruits, easy access to US made weapons, and a sanctuary under the shadow of Afghan Taliban have once again bolstered the TTP to again target Pakistan. Resultantly Pakistan suffered 13 suicide attacks by
1600-433: The military intelligence in 2004, all militants were Chechens , Uzbeks , and Tajiks who were trying to flee Black Caves ( Tora Bora of Afghanistan ). After a week of the battle, the entire area was captured and as many as 400 al-Qaeda operatives were apprehended by the Pakistan Army. In spite of its success, the army failed to capture Zawahiri. The ISPR later admitted that it was Soviet Uzbek Tohir Yo'ldosh who
1664-560: The Baran Dam in the Mohmandkhel area on Wednesday morning. Four soldiers were killed while three others were rescued. On the same day militants killed an inspector and two constables on a road connecting Bannu and the main town of Miranshah . On 21 June 2006, Afghan Taliban leader Sirajuddin Haqqani issued a decree that it was not (Afghan) Taliban policy to fight the Pakistan Army . However,
1728-653: The Global Jihad, and those who wanted to keep pressure and focus on Uzbekistan. Under its initial name Islamic Jihad Group , the new group settled in North Waziristan and took headquarters in Mir Ali . IJG set off a series of bombs from 28 March to 1 April 2004 in Uzbekistan, killing 47 people, and had terror cells in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Russia. IJG members trained at terror camps in Pakistan and Kazakhstan . The IJG bombed
1792-652: The Israeli and U.S. embassies and the Uzbek Prosecutor-General's Office in Tashkent , Uzbekistan on 30 July 2004, saying they targeted "apostate" governments. Several IJG members were arrested in Kazakhstan in late 2004. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency Director Porter Goss testified in March 2005 that IJG "has become a more virulent threat to U.S. interests and local governments." The State Department designated IJG as
1856-546: The MoF-issued Pakistan Economic Survey 2010–2011, "Pakistan has never witnessed such a devastating social and economic upheaval in its industry, even after dismemberment of the country by a direct war with India in 1971 ." Various names have been applied to the conflict by the authors and historians. Names used in English include: Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, War in North-West Pakistan, Waziristan War, or
1920-622: The National Assembly on Monday to protest against the bombing of a madressah in his constituency. 2007 bomb plot in Germany The 2007 bomb plot in Germany , planned by the al-Qaeda controlled, Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) affiliated Sauerland terror cell ( German : Sauerland-Gruppe , lit. ' Sauerland Group'), was discovered following an extensive nine-month investigation involving more than 600 agents in five German states . The number of agents involved in
1984-573: The Pakistan's war on terror. On the other hand, political scientist, Farrukh Saleem , termed the war as the "Fourth Generation War" or the "4G War". In the aftermath of Battle of Tora Bora (lit. Black Caves ), formal troop deployment was begun by the Pakistan Army , at the behest of the Pakistan Government , in 2002. The conservative parties , most notably the Pakistan Muslim League , were very critical of such troop deployments in
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2048-646: The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan intentionally did not circulate the decree in North Waziristan thereby keeping pressure on the government. In 2006, the government witnessed the successful implementation of the peace deal between two tribes in Kurram Agency over the issue of distribution of irrigation water. Promptly, the government accepted the tribal recommendation to sign a peace deal with the militants in North Waziristan . Signed on 5 September 2006,
2112-619: The United States grew in Peshawar by a massive communist party in 2003, demanding an end to the operations. In 2003, the troubles mounted as the Tribes began to see military's deployment and repeated PAF 's flights in the region as an act of subjugation. In 2003–04 public speeches, Musharraf repeatedly called for the eviction of the foreign fighters from the South Waziristan and justified
2176-578: The ages of 15–18 while attending the Multikulturhaus in Neu-Ulm , and used the name Abdullah . The Multikulturhaus, with its radical sermons, was at the time one of the main Salafist centers in Germany; it was closed in 2005. He enrolled to study engineering at Ulm University where he joined an extremist Islamist study circle, which regularly met at Café Istanbul . Members of the study group legitimized
2240-570: The agreement was called the " Waziristan Accord "— an agreement among tribal leaders, militants, and the Pakistan government was signed in Miranshah, North Waziristan. to end all fighting. The agreement includes the following provisions: The agreement, dubbed the Waziristan accord, has been viewed by some political commentators as a success for Pakistan. Even the military commander of the Pakistan Army, Lieutenant-General Ali Jan Aurakzai , also welcomed
2304-401: The army deployments in the region despite the concerns. In December 2003, at least two assassination attempts against President Pervez Musharraf were traced to South Waziristan. The government responded by intensifying military pressure on the area. However, the fighting was costly: government forces sustained heavy casualties throughout 2004 and into early 2005, when the government switched to
2368-571: The bordering Federally Administered Tribal Areas . Pakistan had already joined US led War on terror after 9/11 attacks under the Mussharaf administration . However, after the US invasion of Afghanistan in 2001–2002 , Al-Qaeda and its Taliban patrons crossed over Pakistan-Afghanistan border to seek refuge in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan . Resultantly, militants established control over seven tribal agencies of FATA . Pakistan Army under
2432-505: The carriers for the bombs. U.S. President George W. Bush , after being briefed on the arrests, expressed his appreciation to the German authorities, saying that serious potential terrorist attacks had been prevented. The authorities did not find a direct link between the cases in Germany and Denmark, but in both cases they also found material for bomb-making in addition to the suspected links with al-Qaeda. Both German and Danish suspects used
2496-454: The casualty rates from terrorism in the country as a whole dropped by 40% as compared to 2011–2013, with even greater drops noted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa despite a large massacre of schoolchildren by TTP terrorists in the province in December 2014. The reduction in hostilities eventually changed the conflict from a war to a relatively low-level conflict. The TTP after success of Operation Zarb-e-Azb 2016 lost territory within Pakistan that
2560-479: The country's manpower resources, and the outcomes outlined a deep effect on its national economy, since Pakistan had joined the American-led War on Terror. As of 2018, according to Ministry of Finance (MoF) statistics and mathematical data survey collections, the economy has suffered direct and indirect losses as high as $ 126.79 billion since 2001 because of Pakistan's role as a "frontline state". According to
2624-500: The end 2022. In 2022 After negotiations , the TTP and the government announced a ceasefire in June 2022. However, in November 2022, the TTP renounced the ceasefire and called for nationwide attacks against Pakistan. On 7 April 2023, Pakistan's National Security Committee under leadership of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif decided to launch a new military operation to root out militants posing threats to its western regions. The meeting
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2688-550: The end of 2006, Fritz Gelowicz was spotted suspiciously observing a US Army base in Hanau . The suspects had rented a vacation house in the remote town of Oberschledorn, where they amassed 700 kg (1,500 lbs) of hydrogen peroxide , and military-grade detonators from Syria. A 20 July conversation between two suspects mentioned targeting "a disco filled with American sluts," as well as Ramstein Air Base and Frankfurt Airport . A phone call from northern Pakistan in late August
2752-436: The government and the militants. However, all of these truces would not have a substantial effect in reducing bloodshed. The latter two deals were officially broken in August 2007 with the start of Operation Silence which was initiated by Islamabad, and resulted in a tenfold increase in suicide attacks on Pakistan Armed Forces. The strategy of keeping the air force and navy out from the conflict proved to be ineffective, as
2816-588: The group surreptitiously replaced it with a harmless 3% solution at the end of July 2007. The Pakistani terror camps had reportedly trained their members to make bombs using peroxide as it was easy to procure, and unlikely to rouse suspicion. The hydrogen peroxide was to be concentrated by being heated, and then mixed with flour. It was found later that many of the 26 military detonators the group had purchased would not have worked. Three used vans had also been purchased in France , and brought into Germany, possibly to be
2880-629: The killing of Jews, Christians and infidels. Gelowicz was also a member of extremist circles based at the Multikulturhaus in Neu-Ulm . Gelowicz lost interest in his engineering studies and took an 18-month break from the University. During the break, he took Arabic language courses in Egypt and Syria as well as religious courses in Saudi Arabia . He also took part in the hajj to Mecca . According to U.S. authorities, Gelowicz trained at camp belonging to
2944-810: The men (one Somali and one German citizen of Somali heritage) were released. Following the discovered bombing plot of the IJU-affiliated "Sauerland terror cell" in Germany, the group shifted its operations again to Afghanistan , where in early 2008 a German-born Turkish IJU member drove a VBIED into a NATO compound, killing at least four people. A video released online by the IJU's media arm, Badr al-Tawhid, in 2011, showed its members fighting alongside Taliban forces in Afghanistan's northern and eastern provinces, and providing training to local Uzbek, Tajik and Pashtuns. The same video listed IJU fighters killed in Afghanistan, whose names indicated they had come from Turkey, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Pakistan. In
3008-480: The militancy in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. Around 67 wings of Frontier Corps were raised to patrol the bordering areas. Moreover, FATA under 25th Amendment in 2018 was merged with Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in order to bring it under the ambit of Constitution of Pakistan so that it could be governed more effectively. The 25th Amendment replaced colonial-era constitutional framework of Frontier Crime Regulation . Since
3072-458: The newly appointed Taliban leader Akhtar Mansoor . Islamic Jihad Union and Imam Bukhari Jamaat are both in Afghanistan in addition to being allied with Al-Qaeda. The Taliban also works with the Islamic Jihad Union. Islamic Jihad Group, headed by Ilimbek Mamatov, is currently present in Badakhshan, Baghlan, Kunduz, and Takhar with some 200 to 250 members. In July 2019, according to a report from
3136-452: The only ground troops deployment was wrong as the "Waziristan truce went wrong". On 30 October 2006, United States conducted a deadly missile airstrike on a madrassa in the Bajaur region bordering Afghanistan . The strike killed 82 seminary students. Long War Journal blamed U.S. for the air strike as only U.S. was able to conduct precision night strikes in the region. Sahibzada Haroonur Rashid, MNA from Bajaur Agency, resigned from
3200-418: The part of army and Pervez Musharraf as the accord ceded FATA territories to the militants. The insurgency turned into a critical issue for Pakistan when the Pakistan Army held a siege on the mosque of Lal-Masjid Islamabad to free foreigners taken hostage by the militants. Naming this operation as an attack on the "House of Allah", TTP declared Pakistan Army as an agent of Western powers and started
3264-399: The peace agreement as "unprecedented in tribal history" and credited the intertribal jirga with amicably resolving a complicated issue within a few weeks. Others were far more critical, seeing it as allowing militants to regroup and reorganize after military operations. However, in 2007, accord's chief architect and chairman joint chiefs General Ehsan-ul-Haq openly admitted to the media that
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#17328765588803328-460: The perpetrators were German converts to Islam from Christianity , and two were German-Turks . In 2006, all four attended a paramilitary training camp run by the Islamic Jihad Union in Waziristan . The perpetrators were primarily motivated by strong anti-Americanism fuelled by interaction with extremists inside Germany, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan , and their radicalization increased after
3392-436: The region. The XI Corps , under its commander Lieutenant-General Jan Aurkzai , entered the Tirah Valley in the Khyber Agency for the first time since Pakistan's independence in 1947. The army troops later moved into the Shawal Valley of North Waziristan , eventually entering South Waziristan . A monitoring reconnaissance base was established by the Special Service Group [Navy] in 2003. Criticism of Musharraf and
3456-419: The tribal areas, and NATO and Afghan forces in Afghanistan. Recruits are mainly Turks both from Turkey and the Turkish communities in Western Europe , but also European converts to Islam , particularly in German-speaking countries . The IJG was founded in March 2002 as a splinter group from the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU), after the movement was effectively tied between those who aimed to join
3520-501: The tunnels were led into Afghanistan , possible Tora Bora region. Though it is difficult to know how effective the cordon was on the first night of the military suspension but the military intelligence accounts did confirm that many high-value foreign fighters might have escaped through these tunnels and caves back to Afghanistan. On 7 October 2004, Musharraf approved the appointment of his close aide, General Ehsan-ul-Haq from ISI , who superseded seven colleagues; his appointment
3584-449: The violence spread out all over the country, and the army came under great pressure from the militants in 2004–07. In 2007, General Ehsan-ul-Haq admitted publicly that keeping the navy and the air force out of the conflict was a mistake. The ISI 's Covert Action Division (CAD) and the Special Services Group conducted a secret paramilitary operation to capture a high-ranking al-Qaeda operative Abu Faraj al-Libbi on 4 May 2005, after
3648-498: Was also attended by the Pakistan's new military leadership COAS Asim Munir and CJCSC Sahir Shamshad Mirza . The Government of Pakistan approved military operation codenamed as Azm-e-Istehkam after more than a year on 22 June 2024. Azm-e-Istehkam aims to eradicate extremism and terrorism in a comprehensive and decisive manner. The operation will not only include military action, but socio-economic uplift to deter extremism in line with National Action Plan . The war has depleted
3712-419: Was brutally criticized by the media . After becoming the chairman joint chiefs, General Ehsan-ul-Haq oversaw the ground troops deployment of army only, while the air force and navy were kept out of the region. In April 2004, the Government of Pakistan signed the Shakai agreement, first of three peace agreements with militants in South Waziristan . It was signed by militia commander Nek Muhammad Wazir , but
3776-445: Was immediately abrogated once Nek Muhammad was killed by an American Hellfire missile in June 2004. The second one, Sararogha Peace Agreement, was signed in February 2005 with Nek's successor Baitullah Mehsud , which brought relative calm in the South Waziristan region. This deal would later, in September 2006, be mimicked in the neighbouring North Waziristan territory as the third and final truce, Miranshah Peace Accord, between
3840-404: Was launched in order clean-off militants that escaped across country due to army's earlier campaigns in FATA . The operation was aimed at consolidating efforts of previous military campaigns. As a result of Radd-ul-Fasaad , TTP suffered huge losses and divided into various splinter groups that weakened its operational capabilities. According to Delhi-based South Asian Terrorism Portal (SATP) 2019
3904-414: Was not there. On 21 June 2006, pro-Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan militants in the Bannu region of North Waziristan stated they shot down a Bell military helicopter that was reported to have crashed. The government denied missile fire as the cause, stating it was due to technical faults. The helicopter had taken off from a base camp in Bannu at around 7 am for Miramshah and crashed 15 minutes later into
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#17328765588803968-423: Was post peaceful year for Pakistan since the time of start of insurgency in 2004. According to SATP, The suicide attacks in Pakistan in 2019 was decreased to 8 from record high of 85 in 2009. Pakistan Army under the command of General Bajwa started to fence 2600 kilometer long Pakistan-Afghanistan border in 2017 and construct around 1000 military forts in order to capitalize on gains that it has made against
4032-479: Was recorded by covert listening devices installed by German authorities in their rented car). This led to an unscheduled raid on their cottage on 4 September 2007. The men were preparing to move the chemicals by van when they were arrested outside the home. There was a minor scuffle and one of the men shot a German police officer in the hand before being subdued. The solution containing 35% hydrogen peroxide had been purchased legally. Authorities who were observing
4096-421: Was surrounded, not Zawahiri. By 2004, additional battalions were stationed by General Musharraf to help curb infiltration into Pakistan through its porous border. The Military Intelligence , Covert Action Division (CAD) and army troops found many caves and tunnels in White Mountain range used by the foreign fighters before the military action took place. The Military Intelligence accounts maintained that
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