Quoins ( / k ɔɪ n / or / k w ɔɪ n / ) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble , while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.
12-851: The International Brigade Memorial Trust is a British educational trust formed by the veterans of the International Brigade Association , the Friends of the IBA, representatives of the Marx Memorial Library , and historians specialising in the Spanish Civil War . The aims of the IBMT are to: The longest serving President of the International Brigade Memorial Trust was the late Jack Jones , former General Secretary of
24-591: A new home in Gray's Inn Lane (now Gray's Inn Road ) in 1772. The building subsequently became (in part) a public house, the Northumberland Arms; and was put to other commercial uses. Part of it was occupied from 1872 onwards by the radical London Patriotic Society; and from 1893 (with the financial backing of William Morris ) by the Twentieth Century Press Ltd, publishers of Justice , the newspaper of
36-617: The Social Democratic Federation . In 1902–1903 exiled Russian revolutionary Vladimir Lenin worked in the building that would become the Marx Memorial Library, publishing seventeen issues of his newspaper Iskra (Spark) from within the building. The office he allegedly used is preserved as a memorial to him, although this room did not in fact exist at the time he was there: however, he may have worked in an earlier office partly on its site. The Marx Memorial Library
48-707: The Transport and General Workers Union , and himself a veteran of the British Battalion of the International Brigades. The IBMT holds an annual commemorative ceremony at the International Brigades memorial at Jubilee Gardens on the South Bank in London and organises a yearly lecture on the civil war, given by specialist academic historians from around the world. The group maintains a map of memorials to volunteers in
60-476: The Welsh Charity School , is Grade II listed . The library's collection comprises over 60,000 books, pamphlets, items, and newspapers on Marxism , socialism , and working class history. The building now occupied by the library was originally built in 1737–1738 to house the Welsh Charity School . It was designed by James Steer, and the construction funded by subscriptions. The school moved out to
72-678: The Spanish Civil War. Marx Memorial Library Social democracy Socialism Communism Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Other The Marx Memorial Library in London , United Kingdom is a library, archive, educational, and community outreach charity focused on Marxist and wider socialist bodies of work. The library opened in 1933, and is located at 37a Clerkenwell Green , formerly home to many radical organisations and base of an important publishing operation. The building, originally opened in 1738 as
84-629: The building underwent a major programme of work to restore the 18th-century appearance of the front. The necessary interventions and reconstructions were so drastic that the result is described by the Survey of London as "a modern quasifacsimile – of the original only the outer quoins can have survived". The library building was listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England in September 1972. As of 2021, over 60,000 items are held by
96-410: The corners. This results in an alternate, quoining pattern. Courses of large and small corner stones are used, alternating between stones of different thickness, with typically the larger cornerstones thinner than the smaller. The long and short quoining method instead places long stone blocks with their lengths oriented vertically, between smaller ones that are laid flat. This load-bearing quoining
108-400: The facing brickwork in such a way as to give the appearance of generally uniformly cut ashlar blocks of stone larger than the bricks. Where quoins are decorative and non-load-bearing a wider variety of materials is used, including timber , stucco , or other cement render . In a traditional, often decorative use, large rectangular ashlar stone blocks or replicas are laid horizontally at
120-503: The library. Holdings include the first edition of The Red Republican (1850), the Votes for Women suffragette newspaper, and other socialist publications. The library now also houses "The Printers Collection" consisting of the archives of the printing and papermaking unions of the UK and Ireland. The collection includes union documents, magazines, photographs, badges and memorabilia. The archive
132-479: Was founded in 1933, originally only occupying a part of the building but eventually taking over every room. The library features the fresco The worker of the future upsetting the economic chaos of the present , painted by Jack Hastings in 1935 with the assistance of the American artist, Clifford Wight . Through these changes of use, the fabric had undergone numerous alterations and dilapidations, and in 1968–1969
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#1733086185349144-656: Was opened in March 2009 by Derek Simpson Joint General Secretary of Unite and Tony Burke , Assistant General Secretary of Unite. The first president of the library in 1933 was Alex Gossip , president of the Socialist Sunday Schools . The library publishes an annual journal, Theory & Struggle , published by Liverpool University Press . Its current editor (2021) is Marjorie Mayo. Quoin (architecture) Stone quoins are used on stone or brick buildings. Brick quoins may appear on brick buildings, extending from
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