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21-536: The Swedish eastern policy had become very passive because of the long fight between the Swedish king, Birger Magnusson, and his brothers Eric and Valdemar which had plagued Sweden since 1304. However, in 1311, the Novgorodians attack Finland and thus began a new conflict between Sweden and Novgorod. In the beginning of 1311, the Novgorodians, under the command of Dmitri Romanovich, attacked Tavastia . They quickly occupied

42-450: A Swedish count's coronet. Blazon: "Gules, a lynx passant or, ear tufts sable; in chief three mullets of six, in base four roses, all argent". 62°10′12″N 24°33′56″E  /  62.1700°N 24.5656°E  / 62.1700; 24.5656 Tavastians Tavastians ( Finnish : hämäläiset ; Swedish : Tavaster ) were an ancient Finnish tribe that inhabited the historical province of Tavastia ( Finnish : Häme ). In

63-675: A new army for the following year. In 1313, an expedition under the command of Tuke Jonsson went towards the Ladoga region. Since the Ladoga posadnik along with the soldiers inside Ladoga had gone out to fight, the Swedes under Tuke managed to burn down Ladoga. The Novgorod Chronicle describes the reason for this action as "for our sins" In 1314, rebels in Korela manage to take advantage of the crisis in Novgorod and they killed their Russian "oppressors" and called in

84-563: Is a historical province in the south of Finland . It borders Finland Proper , Satakunta , Ostrobothnia , Savonia and Uusimaa . From 1997 to 2010 Tavastia was divided between the administrative provinces of Southern Finland and Western Finland . However, these provinces have been abolished, and Tavastia is now divided among five regions of Finland : mainly Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), Päijänne Tavastia and Central Finland with smaller parts in Pirkanmaa and Kymenlaakso . Tavastia is

105-579: The Novgorod First Chronicle , they are called Yem (Емь) or Yam (Ямь), and are often noted for their conflicts with Novgorod . Tavastians are also a modern subgroup of the Finnish people , distinguished by their use of Tavastian dialects . Tavastia ( Finnish : Häme ) has been inhabited since the early Stone Age . The core area of ancient Tavastia was formed around Lake Vanajavesi . Example of organized cooperation of iron age Tavastians are

126-649: The hillforts that form a clear line in south-north direction around Hämeenlinna . Most remarkable from these hillforts is the Rapola Castle which is the biggest hillfort found in Finland , but also Tenhola hillfort in Hattula and Hakoinen Castle were important fortresses. Villages were often developed around the fortresses and for example Hattula and Vanaja-Janakkala had their beginning in this way. In historical sources Tavastians are first time mentioned in 1042. Possibly

147-617: The Finns in its curve. Numerous prehistoric weapons, like Ulfberht swords , and hillforts have been unearthed in the Tavastia region, indicative of its rich historical significance. The worldview of the Tavastians has been shaped by Finnish mythology . The prehistoric era of Tavastia can be said to end with the Second Swedish Crusade in 1239 or 1249, when it became part of Sweden . After

168-470: The Kupets river after having crossed the sea and burned villages and captured the people living there. and after having gone along the coast they began marching towards Tavastehus. When a Swedish troop began pursuing the Novgorodians, the son of Ilya Stanimirovich, Konstantin, was killed. The Novgorodians would then occupy the entire "Black river" and then follow along this river to the fortress of Tavastehus. When

189-513: The Latin name for the Tavastia Proper. Today the area is called Häme region and it is located in the southwestern section of the historical Tavastia province. The Tavastians are mentioned for the first time in a Viking Age runestone , which is located in present-day Gävle, Sweden ( Gs 13 ). At that time, Tavastia extended 'from salt sea to salt sea,' encompassing the inhabited Southwest Finland of

210-400: The Novgorodians reached Tavastehus, they quickly captured the town, with the defenders falling back into the fortress. The forecourt was quickly razed by the Novgorodians due to it being made out of wood. The Swedish defenders asked the Novgorodians for peace, but the Novgorodians quickly refused. Instead, they initiated a siege of the fortress. The besieging Novgorodians had a hard time reaching

231-583: The Swedes. However, soon afterwards, Jurij Danilovitj manages to crush the uprising and drive the Swedes away from Ladoga. Active hostilities ended in 1315. The outcome of the war is not clear, since the invasions of the Novgorodians were repulsed with losses for them, but the attempts of the Swedes to capture Kexholm ended in failure. Tavastia (historical province) Tavastia ( Old Norse : Tafæistaland ; Swedish : Tavastland ; Finnish : Häme ; also called Yam (Ямь) or Yem (Емь) in Russian sources)

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252-470: The early 19th century. Western Tavastia extends over both sides of the great Kokemäenjoki drainage basin . In Eastern Tavastia, the regions of Päijänne Tavastia and Central Finland are located around the shores of Lake Päijänne . The Southern borders of the province roughly follow the Salpausselkä ridge. The Southern parts of the province consist of plains intermixed with fields and forests. Towards

273-549: The fortress itself, as it was built on a tall cliff. After a three-day long siege, the Novgorodians lifted their siege and began marching home. The Dukes Eric and Valdemar took revenge for the attack by attempting to closing off the trade to Narva , but this ended in failure. In the beginning of 1312, a conflict between MIchael of Moscow and Novgorod broke out. In Sweden, however, the long lasting fighting between Birger and his brothers had ended, and Birger began establishing an expansive eastern policy. He thus decided to begin arming

294-491: The lakes Pyhäjärvi , Vanajavesi and Roine have been connected by canals since the 19th century, forming another significant waterway. On the other hand, Lake Päijänne , the second largest lake in Finland, connects Lahti and Päijänne Tavastia to Central Finland and Jyväskylä . Arms granted at the burial of Gustav I of Sweden in 1560. The arms are crowned by a ducal coronet, though by Finnish tradition this more resembles

315-486: The north, the land gradually rises and becomes more hilly. At the same time, the proportion of cultivated land decreases, and forest and heath become increasingly dominant. The northern boundary of Tavastia is in Central Finland . As this area was settled only at the time of the replacement of the old provincial system with the county system , the ancient provincial boundary is uncertain in this area. The same applies to

336-475: The northern parts of the province. In the 19th century, the growth of the forest industry started to bring new wealth to the area. The waterways of Näsijärvi and Vanajavesi provided easy transport for timber. The most notable centres of the paper industry were, and still are, Mänttä and Valkeakoski . The most notable industrial center in historical Tavastia, however, is Tampere , where a number of large textile mills and metal factories have been operating since

357-473: The northwestern border with Satakunta, which is located in Pirkanmaa . As a result of the original pattern of settlement, the inhabited areas are located around the waterways, fields encircling especially the largest lakes. The lakes are navigable but the rapids of Kymijoki and Kokemäenjoki restrict navigation to the sea. Similarly, the lakes form three separate navigable areas. Lake Näsijärvi can be navigated for over 100 kilometers north of Tampere , while

378-500: The oldest known road of Finland, Hämeen härkätie ('Oxen Road of Tavastia') connected Tavastia with the western coast of Finland. First signs of Christianity can be dated to the 11th century. The Primary Chronicle and Novgorod First Chronicle describe Tavastians in frequent conflicts with Novgorod and Karelians as well as other Baltic Finns from the 11th to 14th centuries. This article about an ethnic group in Europe

399-470: The province ceased to be a part of Sweden. The provinces have no administrative function today but live on as a historical legacy in both Finland and Sweden. The province has been inhabited since the Stone Age . Northern Tavastia was for a long time a wilderness inhabited by Sami hunter-gatherers and frequented also by Finnish hunters. Only during the late Middle Ages was agriculture slowly introduced to

420-606: The successful campaign into Tavastia, the Swedes advanced further east until they were stopped by a Novgorodian army led by Prince Alexander Yaroslavich , who defeated the Swedes during the Battle of the Neva in July 1240 and received the sobriquet Nevsky for his victory in the battle. The construction of the Häme Castle began in the 1260s, on the orders of Birger Jarl . It was to be the centre of

441-628: The three Slottslänen - "castle fiefs, castle counties", sg. Slottslän - the other two being the castle of Turku ( Swedish : Åbo ) in Finland Proper and Viipuri ( Swedish : Viborg ) castle in Karelia . After the peace Treaty of Nöteborg in 1323 the castle lost some of its importance as a defence against the East but remained an administrative centre. When Finland was ceded to Russia in September 1809,

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