Misplaced Pages

#903096

33-535: Humbug Mountain was created about 130 million years ago, in the early Cretaceous period. It was formed when islands in the Klamath microcontinent collided, uplifting primordial mountains composed of mostly sandstone . Ancient rivers eroded these mountains, and the sediment and sandstone was deposited on the seashore. Then, the microcontinent collided with the North American continent, uplifting Humbug Mountain in

66-548: A 4-mile (6.4 km) long beach on the north side of the mountain. A fourth trail, named Recreation Trail, follows the path of the Old Coast Highway. It is approximately 2.6 miles (4.2 km) long, and crosses nearby Brush Creek seventeen times. The trail has many views of the Pacific Ocean. It eventually merges with U.S. Route 101. Nature study, wildlife viewing, camping, and whale watching are popular activities around

99-428: A boat or a detour to a bridge. Rainfall during winter and early spring decreases the number of streams which are safely fordable. The Oregon Coast Trail (OCT) is a described route and not a continuous trail. Thirty-nine percent of the route is on beaches. Forty-one percent, or more than 150 miles (240 km) of the route is on pavement. Twenty percent follows trails. If walked in its entirety (without taking ferries),

132-515: A current tide table and relevant topographic information can be extremely helpful. Sometimes a hiker must choose between waiting for a lower tide or walking inland to avoid high water. Seasonal recreation restrictions are in place from March 15 through September 15 in some locations to protect shorebird nesting. These restrictions include complete prohibition of dogs, camping, non-motorized vehicles (including bicycles and fat bikes), motorized vehicles, and kites. Hikers and equestrians must also stay on

165-563: A few beaches. Dune buggies are used extensively in the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area , a 40-mile (64 km) stretch of beach from Florence to Coos Bay. Several portions of the trail are pristine and secluded, such as the segment from Bandon to Port Orford , where several days of relative solitude and free camping exist. Prevailing winds are from the northwest which makes the trail easier to hike from north to south. Route descriptions are also written assuming

198-516: A few hundred feet. The northern trailhead is at the base of the south jetty of the Columbia River, approximately 4 miles (6 km) north of the campground of Fort Stevens State Park and about 13 miles (21 km) from the city of Astoria . The trail runs north-south along the entire Oregon Coast , following the shore as closely as practical. For many portions of the route, it is beach walking, mostly on sand. In populated areas it often follows

231-550: A hiker/biker camp, and an amphitheater . There are also picnic tables in the day-use section, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the main campground. Early Cretaceous The Early Cretaceous ( geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous ( chronostratigraphic name) is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous . It is usually considered to stretch from 145  Ma to 100.5 Ma. Proposals for

264-637: The Late Jurassic continued to persist. Angiosperms (flowering plants) appeared for the first time during the Early Cretaceous; Archaefructaceae , one of the oldest fossil families (124.6 Ma) was found in the Yixian Formation , China. This time also saw the evolution of the first members of the Neornithes (modern birds). Sinodelphys , a 125 Ma-old boreosphenidan mammal found in

297-797: The Pacific coast of the U.S. state of Oregon in the United States. It follows the coast of Oregon from the mouth of the Columbia River to the California border south of Brookings . The trail was envisioned in 1959 by Samuel N. Dicken, a University of Oregon geography professor, approved in 1971 by the Oregon Recreation Trails Advisory Council and developed and managed by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department as part of

330-812: The Panthalassic Ocean the Pacific Plate continued to grow; the Arctic Alaska-Chukotka terrane formed the Bering Strait. Continued rifting opened new basins in the Indian Ocean, separating India, Antarctica, and Australia. By 110 Ma the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reached south into the Proto-Caribbean and South Atlantic, effectively separating South America from Africa, and continued rifting in

363-537: The Prudhoe Bay Oil Field has been interpreted as being sourced from the Triassic Shublik Formation shale and carbonate, Lower Cretaceous highly radioactive zone shale, and Lower Jurassic Kingak Shale . [REDACTED] Geology portal [REDACTED] Palaeontology portal Oregon Coast Trail The Oregon Coast Trail ( OCT ) is a long-distance hiking route along

SECTION 10

#1733084606904

396-607: The campground at Humbug Mountain State Park . After going through a tunnel under U.S. Route 101 , the trail leads through the old-growth temperate rainforest on the mountain. It has several switchbacks . The trail then forks about 1 mile (1.6 km) in. The trail to the west was originally built in 1934 by the Civilian Conservation Corps, but was washed out in the Columbus Day Storm of 1962. An alternate trail

429-403: The spring . Currant , elderberries , blackberries , thimbleberries , huckleberries , and salmonberries are some of the many berries that grow on the mountain. Birds such as varied thrushes and chickadees live on Humbug Mountain. Douglas squirrels and black-tailed deer are among the numerous mammals that inhabit the mountain. There are many tide pools in the intertidal zone at

462-444: The state park system of Oregon. The official coastal guide gives a length of 382 miles (615 km). About 39 percent of the route is on the beach, 41 percent is on paved road, and 20 percent is on trail and dirt roads. Private ferries can however be arranged at some estuaries to shortcut road segments. Walked in its entirety, linking each trail/beach section, the distance is approximately 425 miles. A chief feature of

495-524: The Oregon Coast Trail . Written by Connie Soper, the book details 40 consecutive day hikes, and also includes maps and logistical information for the entire Oregon Coast Trail, such as tidal considerations and arranging for boat rides. The trail is open to hikers, and in some places, to bicycles , and equestrians (but not the entire route). As portions of the route lead around headlands or cross river mouths that are only passable at low tide , carrying

528-627: The South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. The Ontong Java Plateau today covers an area of 1,860,000 km . In the Indian Ocean another LIP began to form at c. 120 Ma, the Kerguelen Plateau – Broken Ridge , together covering 2,300,000 km . Another LIP on the Liaodong Peninsula , China, c.  131–117 Ma, lasted for 10 million years. It

561-564: The Yixian Formation, China, is one of the oldest mammal fossils found. The fossil location indicates early mammals began to diversify from Asia during the Early Cretaceous. Sinodelphys was more closely related to metatherians (marsupials) than eutherians (placentals) and had feet adapted for climbing trees. Steropodon is the oldest monotreme (egg-lying mammal) discovered. It lived in Gondwana (now Australia) at 105 Ma. Oil in

594-679: The banks of Newfoundland and to connect to the Canada Basin in the Arctic Ocean. With the opening of the Labrador Sea , Greenland became a separate tectonic plate and Laurentia became North America . The Proto-Caribbean Sea continued to grow and the Paraná-Etendeka LIP began to break Africa into three pieces. The Falkland Plateau broke off from southern Africa at 132 Ma and Madagascar ceased to move independently c. 120 Ma. In

627-458: The base of the mountain. Organisms such as jellyfish , littleneck clams , sunflower starfish , and many others can be found in these pools. Gray whales can sometimes be seen migrating along the coast, and more rarely, humpback whales are spotted. Many trails have been built on Humbug Mountain. The Humbug Mountain Trail climbs 1,730 feet (530 m) to the summit . The trailhead is located in

660-625: The exact age of the Barremian–Aptian boundary ranged from 126 to 117 Ma until recently (as of 2019), but based on drillholes in Svalbard the defining early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) was carbon isotope dated to 123.1±0.3 Ma, limiting the possible range for the boundary to c. 122–121 Ma. There is a possible link between this anoxic event and a series of Early Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIP). The Ontong Java - Manihiki - Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in

693-426: The mountain. Hiking and cycling are also very popular on the trails in the area. Beachcombers , windsurfers , and scuba divers can be found on the beach and in the deep water near the mountain. Humbug Mountain State Park , which includes all of Humbug Mountain, features a campground with over 100 campsites. The campground is located between Brush Creek and the beach. It has amenities such as showers, flush toilets,

SECTION 20

#1733084606904

726-472: The nearest street to the shore. Many parts of the trail leave the beach and take an inland path, usually where land formations make the shoreline impassable, such as at Cape Kiwanda . Some of the rocky headlands are passable on foot at beach level only at low tide . Other headlands are traversed by state park or forest service trails well above the sea. In many other places, the road is the only feasible route, mostly U.S. Route 101 . The southern terminus of

759-454: The northern beaches. Oregon Parks Forever funded the creation and installation of nine Hiker/Biker pods for tent campers in state parks along the coast: They are located in hiker/biker camps at Fort Stevens, Devil’s Lake, Cape Blanco, Harris Beach, Cape Lookout, Bullards Beach, Nehalem Bay, Beverly Beach, Honeyman, and Sunset Bay. The State of Oregon has stated its intention to create more primitive and free camping areas. Vehicles are allowed on

792-589: The northern end completed the longitudinal extent of the Atlantic. In Panthalassa the Ontong-Java Mega-LIP resulted in the formation of new tectonic plates and in the Indian Ocean the Kerguelen LIP began to push India northward. During this time many new types of dinosaur appeared or came into prominence, including ceratopsians , spinosaurids , carcharodontosaurids and coelurosaurs , while survivors from

825-462: The original was reopened in 1993. Many types of plants inhabit Humbug Mountain. The most common types of trees include tanoak , Douglas fir , big-leaf maple , Port Orford cedar , and Oregon myrtle . Spruce , alder , and western red cedar can also be found. Smaller plants such as maidenhair ferns , wild rhododendrons , and vanilla leaf are abundant in the area. Wildflowers such as Columbia lilies , trilliums , and bleeding hearts grow in

858-468: The port instead of south. Tichenor stated that the name was chosen "to palliate their gross failure." Since that time, Tichenor's Humbug came to be known as Humbug Mountain. The mountain has also been called Mount Franklin. In 1934 the Civilian Conservation Corps built the first trail to the summit, however, it was destroyed in the 1962 Columbus Day Storm . An alternate trail was used until

891-709: The process. Near the summit, rock outcrops of granite and sandstone can still be found. The mountain now stands 1,756 feet (535 m) above sea level , and is one of the highest mountains in Oregon to rise directly from the ocean. It is considered a headland . Humbug Mountain was originally known as Me-tus by the indigenous Tututni people. When American settlers located the mountain, they initially named it Sugarloaf Mountain. In 1851 it began to be called Tichenor's Humbug when an exploring party sent by Captain William V. Tichenor , founder of Port Orford , got lost and headed north of

924-501: The total distance is approximately 425 miles. The OCT is signed throughout its length, but in some places signage is not reliable. However it is difficult to become lost since the route is never more than a few miles from a paved road. In 2009, the State of Oregon posted a set of downloadable maps with brief route descriptions. A dedicated guidebook for the OCT was published in 2015, called Exploring

957-524: The trail are the public beaches created in 1967 via the Oregon Beach Bill , which formalized the public nature of the coastal beaches since the first such law was passed in 1913. Many of the locations, particularly on the southern portion, are remote and isolated. The Oregon coast is bordered by a temperate rainforest , much of which is now second or third growth. The difficulty of the trail ranges from easy to moderate, with elevation changes of up to

990-477: The trail is the unmarked Oregon/California border on a stretch of beach about 5 miles (8 km) south of Brookings, and about half a mile south of the Winchuck River . Besides headlands, there are numerous rivers and creeks which must be crossed. Most creeks are forded by wading, although sometimes the water can be waist deep even at low tide. At high tide, some are hazardous or impossible to cross and require

1023-427: The wet sand. Shorebird areas are clearly marked on the beach with yellow signs. Many state campgrounds have areas dedicated for hikers and bicyclists at reduced prices (compared to vehicles). Beach camping is allowed where out of sight of residences, not adjacent to state parks, and not near snowy plover during nesting season. This limits camping on some areas of the trail to developed campgrounds, particularly along

Humbug Mountain - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-402: Was built, which now forms a loop with the original trail. The original trail was rebuilt in 1993. Overall, the original trail is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long, while the alternate trail is 2 miles (3.2 km) long, for a round trip of 5.5 miles (8.9 km). Both trails are part of the much longer Oregon Coast Trail . Another trail leads from the campground, under the highway, to

1089-766: Was the result of the subduction of the Kula and Pacific plates, which was probably caused by a superplume . During the opening of the South Atlantic the Paraná–Etendeka LIP produced 1.5 million km of basalts and rhyolites , beginning 133 Ma and lasting for a million years. The opening of the Central Atlantic continued as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge spread north to separate the Iberian Peninsula from

#903096