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114-567: Hull House was a settlement house in Chicago , Illinois , that was co-founded in 1889 by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr . Located on the Near West Side of Chicago, Hull House, named after the original house's first owner Charles Jerald Hull, opened to serve recently arrived European immigrants. By 1911, Hull House had expanded to 13 buildings. In 1912, the Hull House complex was completed with

228-413: A baby needed, far better than my Ann Arbor professors did." The ancillary literature between, among and about members of Hull House's inner sanctum of sociologists and philanthropists is littered with such comments, reinforcing the relationship that existed between Taylor Street's Little Italy and Hull House. A review of the ethnic composition of those who registered for and utilized the services provided by

342-717: A center for social reform. She described Toynbee Hall as "a community of university men" who, while living there, held their recreational clubs and social gatherings at the settlement house among the poor people and in the same style they would in their own circle. Addams and Starr established Hull House as a settlement house on September 18, 1889. In the 19th century a women's movement began to promote education and autonomy, and to break into traditionally male-dominated occupations for women. Organizations led by women, bonded by sisterhood, were formed for social reform, including settlement houses such as Hull House, situated in working class and poor neighborhoods. To develop "new roles for women,

456-464: A children's bureau, unemployment compensation , workers' compensation , and other elements of the Progressive agenda during the first two decades of the twentieth century. Jane Addams and many other Hull House residents such as Florence Kelley and Julia Lathrop inspired and stimulated social reforms. Hull House residents generated action. What is less well known, is that Hull House also generated

570-535: A cost of approximately $ 36 million to Enterprise Companies of Chicago redevelop into retail and housing. The Illinois Medical District is one of the largest medical districts in the United States, and the largest in the state. John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County (formerly known as Cook County Hospital ), one of the largest county-run hospitals in the U.S. and inspiration for the TV shows ER and The Fugitive ,

684-471: A familiar dichotomy emerged, resonating with contemporary readers. Male members of the University of Chicago Sociology Department tended to maintain a distance from their subjects. They operated from their offices within the university, using coordination for their studies. Women sociologists were often viewed by their male counterparts as mere data collectors. Conversely, women sociologists perceived sociology as

798-778: A few million dollars in any given year, accounting for less than 10 percent of the agency's funding in most of the last decade, according to financial statements filed with the IRS and the Illinois attorney general's office. On January 19, 2012, it was announced that Jane Addams Hull House Association would close in the spring of 2012 and file for bankruptcy due to financial difficulties, after almost 122 years. On Friday, January 27, 2012, Hull House closed unexpectedly and all employees received their final paychecks. Employees learned at time of closing that they would not receive severance pay or earned vacation pay or healthcare coverage. Union officials said that

912-571: A form of experimentation. Fortunately, it was replicable. By 1900, nearly 100 settlement houses akin to Hull-House had emerged across the United States. Moreover, Jane spurred a shift in the objectives of existing groups. Women's clubs, initially established by affluent women for cultural enrichment, joined forces to establish the Federation of Women's Clubs, directing their efforts towards civic endeavors such as eradicating child labor, establishing public libraries, and reforming tenements. During that era,

1026-527: A man claimed that he would rather have the Devil in his house than a picture of The Virgin Mary , his child was born with pointed ears, horns, scale-covered skin, and a tail. The mother was said to have taken the baby to Hull House, where Addams was said to have attempted to have it baptized and wound up locking it in the attic. While initially annoyed about the story, which had no basis in fact, Addams became fascinated by

1140-472: A noble ancestry" and plea for the respect of the audience. Indeed, they did gain this respect because it was said that not even trained college students could give the same play with as much zeal and patriotism. America's improvisational theatre scene has its roots in Hull House, as Viola Spolin , noted improvisational techniques instructor, taught classes and developed her techniques at Hull House. In 1963, when road tours of Broadway productions became common,

1254-523: A short lecture on a topic of interest. Some of the themed evenings were Italian, Greek, German, Polish, etc. Ellen Gates Starr described one Italian evening as having the room packed full with people. One of the ladies who attended "recited a patriotic poem with great spirit" and everyone was moved by it. Throughout the first two decades, along with thousands of immigrants from the surrounding area, Hull House attracted many female residents who later became prominent and influential reformers at various levels. At

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1368-416: A similar significance as the University of Chicago did for their male counterparts, serving as a central institution for research and social discourse. Alongside disseminating their discoveries, the insights derived from these inquiries played a crucial role in advocating for legislative reforms aimed at improving the conditions of immigrants and the impoverished. Jane didn't intend to become a sociologist. In

1482-536: A sociologist. Faderman describes Jane as "probably the first to take the work of female social scientists seriously." She was one of the founding members of the American Sociological Association, established in 1905. Additionally, she lectured on sociology at both the University of Chicago Extension and the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy. Jane's perspective aside, Hull-House represented

1596-566: A stop on many of the "ghosts in Chicago" tours. Charles Hull's wife had died in the house in 1860 and is sometimes thought to haunt it. Other candidates for resident ghosts include the many people who died there of natural causes in the 1870s when it was used as a home for the aged by the Little Sisters of the Poor. In 1913, another Hull House ghost story began circulating. According to this legend, after

1710-466: A tool. While men regarded the data they gathered and the insights they derived as the ultimate goal, women viewed them as indicators of issues needing resolution. Their envisioned role was that of problem solvers. Post-World War II, there arose a trend to quantify and "scientify" all aspects of what are now recognized as the social sciences. Consequently, sociology was embraced by business and science, with male faculty assuming predominant roles. By 1920, at

1824-616: A top photographer with Life . The twenty Hull House Kids were erroneously described as young boys, of Irish ancestry, posing in the Dante School yard on Forquer Street (now Arthington Street). It circulated the world as a "poster child" of sorts for the Hull House social experiment. On April 5, 1987, over a half century later, the Chicago Sun-Times refuted the contention that the Hull House Boys were of Irish ancestry. In doing so,

1938-456: A unique philosophy often described as feminist pragmatism. Philosophy is generally associated with academia. Plato , is known for establishing the academy (387 BCE), which was a forerunner of universities. Men dominated this world of thought --philosophy. Hull House offered an alternative location where women could debate, reflect, ponder and make sense of urban life through the prism of feminine experience. According to Maurice Hamington Hull House

2052-534: A weekly outdoor market. The area was also a center in the development of the Chicago Blues in the mid-twentieth century. The Market was moved twice in the 1990s and 2000s, and continues on Des Plaines Street. In the 2000s, UIC led a redevelopment of the area, which included new dormitories, parking garages, commercial buildings, and housing. The borders are 16th Street to the south, the Dan Ryan Expressway to

2166-447: Is a major transportation hub for the region. The southern and western boundaries of the area are defined by busy rail-road tracks. The St. Charles Air Line , at the area's southern edge is also a major passenger train route. There are many bus routes in the area. For rapid transit , the area is served by the Blue , Green , and Pink Lines on the Chicago "L" . The Lake Street Elevated ,

2280-467: Is a neighborhood consisting of residential and retail properties. University Village, along with other major developments such as University Commons and University Station, is conveniently located near the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) campus, the medical district, and Maxwell Street. The blocks around the intersection of Maxwell and Halsted Streets, the heart of University Village, once served as

2394-531: Is known as Little Italy. An Italian community developed in the late nineteenth century. Italians never actually constituted a majority in the polyglot area, but the neighborhood is still home to several Italian-American landmarks, such as the Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei and the National Italian American Sports Hall of Fame , as well as Italian-American social clubs . Taylor Street is home to

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2508-616: Is located here. The District had its start in the 1870s when Cook County Hospital, Rush Medical College, and the College of Physicians and Surgeons were established on the Near West Side following the great Chicago fire of 1871 . The cornerstone for the Medical Center was the building of Cook County Hospital in 1876. In 1877, Rush Medical College erected a building next to County at Harrison and Wood. Presbyterian Hospital (affiliated with Rush)

2622-435: Is located in the 9th House District and the 10th House District represented by Democratic Representatives Jawaharial Williams and Lakesia Collins . Small portions of the Near West Side are located in the 1st Legislative District, represented by Democratic Senator Antonio Munoz , the 3rd Legislative District, represented by Democratic Senator Mattie Hunter , the 2nd Representative District, represented by Theresa Mah , and

2736-622: Is part of the College of Architecture and the Arts at the University of Illinois Chicago and serves as a memorial to Addams and other resident social reformers, whose work influenced the lives of their immigrant neighbors, as well as national and international public policy. The museum and its programs connect the work of Hull House residents to important contemporary social issues. The Museum's collection includes over 1,100 artifacts related to Hull House history and over 100 oral interviews conducted with people who have shared their stories about Hull House and

2850-538: Is the home of the Ogilvie Transportation Center (formerly Chicago & North Western Station), a major commuter rail terminal. The neighborhood is known for the aroma of chocolate emanating from the Blommer Chocolate Company . Greektown is a restaurant and nightlife corridor along Halsted Street between Van Buren and Madison Streets . In the late 19th century Greek immigrants settled

2964-549: The Bowen Country Club summer camp was added to complete the Hull House complex. The facility remained at the original location until it was purchased in 1963 by what was then called the University of Illinois-Circle Campus . The development of University of Illinois-Circle Campus required the demolition of most of the Hull House buildings and the 1967 restoration to the original building by Frazier, Raftery, Orr and Fairbank removed Addams's third floor addition. In addition to

3078-510: The Chicago River and adjacent to the Loop . The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 started on the Near West Side. Waves of immigration shaped the history of the Near West Side of Chicago, including the founding of Hull House , a prominent settlement house . The near west side comprises several neighborhoods . In the 19th century railroads became prominent features. In the mid-20th century, the area saw

3192-779: The East End of London . These houses, radically different from those later examples in America, often offered food, shelter, and basic and higher education , provided by virtue of charity on part of wealthy donors, the residents of the city, and (for education) scholars who volunteered their time. Victorian Britain, increasingly concerned with poverty, gave rise to the movement whereby those connected to universities settled students in slum areas to live and work alongside local people. Through their efforts settlement houses were established for education, savings, sports, and arts. Such institutions were often praised by religious representatives concerned with

3306-551: The Hindman Settlement School in 1902 and the Pine Mountain Settlement School in 1913. A count of American settlements reported: 74 in 1897; 103 in 1900; 204 in 1905; and 413 by 1911 in 32 states. By the 1920s, the number of settlement houses in the country peaked at almost 500. The settlement house concept was continued by Dorothy Day 's Catholic Worker "hospitality houses" in the 1930s. By 1993

3420-612: The National Register of Historic Places . On June 12, 1974, the surviving Hull mansion was designated as a Chicago Landmark . Hull mansion was one of the first four structures to be listed on both the Chicago Registered Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places list (along with Chicago Pile-1 , Robie House & Lorado Taft Midway Studios ). After The Hull House Association moved from

3534-518: The Sun-Times article listed the names of each of the young boys. All twenty boys were first-generation Italian-Americans, all with vowels at the end of their names. "They grew up to be lawyers and mechanics, sewer workers and dump truck drivers, a candy shop owner, a boxer and a mob boss." Because of the immigrants' loneliness for their homeland, Addams started hosting ethnic evenings at Hull House. This would include ethnic food, dancing, music, and maybe

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3648-518: The 1920s, the market was congested and overcrowded. The City of Chicago built new streets parallel to the Chicago River and moved the market to the neighborhood, alongside the St. Charles Air Line . The three-story buildings were originally designed by the architects Fugard & Knapp. On July 10, 2003, the Chicago Planning Commission granted their approval on the sale of the produce market for

3762-407: The 2013–2014 school year this declined to 46%, and Linda Lutton of WBEZ stated that Irving "is largely ignored by the families who live here." As of that school year, 80% of Irving students originated from outside of the school's attendance zone, and according to Lutton it was "a neighborhood school in name only." Moses Montefiore Academy , a CPS special school for at-risk youth, was located in

3876-530: The 25th and 28th wards, represented by Democrats Daniel Solis and Jason Ervin , and smaller parts are within the 11th and 42nd wards, represented by Democrats Patrick Daley Thompson and Brendan Reilly. In the Illinois Senate , the Near West Side is located almost entirely in the 5th Legislative District, represented by Democratic Senator Patricia Van Pelt . In the Illinois House of Representatives , it

3990-563: The 6th Representative District, represented by Sonya Harper . Almost all of the area is part of Illinois's 7th congressional district , the most Democratically leaning district in the State of Illinois according to the Cook Partisan Voting Index , with a score of D+38, represented by Democrat Danny K. Davis . The southeasternmost jog is part of Illinois's 4th congressional district , the second-most Democratically leaning district in

4104-808: The Chicago Children's Advocacy Center, the Chicago office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation , the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center, Chicago Department of Public Health and the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office. The Tri-Taylor neighborhood lies directly west of the Illinois Medical District. The neighborhood area roughly resembles a triangle with Interstate 290, Ogden Avenue, and industrial railroad tracks west of Western Avenue as

4218-458: The Chicago School." Settlement houses were established on the principles of Christian Socialism and the Social Gospel, which held the belief that the application of social sciences could address the challenges faced by urban residents in industrialized societies. Jane strongly asserted that the primary beneficiaries of the efforts at the settlement house were the residents themselves, rather than

4332-588: The Christian churches. According to the Jane Addams Hull-House Museum, "Some social settlements were linked to religious institutions. Others, like Hull-House [co-founded by Addams], were secular." In 1895, the Hull-House Association released "Hull-House Maps and Papers." This publication consisted of essays authored by Hull-House residents and collaborators, overseen by Jane Addams. Alongside

4446-674: The English word transliterated to Russian). This network of institutions was closed down by the government in 1908, due to alleged socialist activities. Today, settlements are still community-focused organizations, providing a range of services including early education, youth guidance and crime intervention, senior programs, and specialized programs for young people who have "aged out" of the foster care system. Since they are staffed by professional employees and students, they no longer require that employees live alongside those they serve. Settlement houses influenced urban design and architecture in

4560-577: The Hull House Theater in the Jane Addams Center at 3212 North Broadway fostered the development of Chicago Theater companies for the rest of the century. Founder Robert Sickinger created an environment to nourish young talent with professionalism. Addams was head resident until her death in 1935. Hull House continued to serve the community surrounding the Halsted location until it was displaced by

4674-480: The Hull House buildings were demolished for the construction of the University of Illinois Chicago . The original building and one additional building (which has been moved 200 yards (182.9 m)) survive today. On June 23, 1965, it was designated as a U.S. National Historic Landmark . On October 15, 1966, the day that the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 was enacted, it was listed on

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4788-536: The Hull House complex, during its 74 years as a tenant of the near-west side, suggests an ethnic bias. Of the 257 known WWII veterans who were alumni of the Bowen Country Club, "virtually all had a vowel at the end of their names...denoting their Italian heritage." A historic picture, "Meet the Hull House Kids," was taken on a summer day in 1924 by Wallace K. Kirkland Sr. , Hull House Director. He later became

4902-553: The Hull House receptions that she insisted they had come from Italy. She had never seen anything as beautiful in America despite the fact that she lived within ten blocks of a florist shop. Her limited view of America came from the untidy street she lived on and the long struggle to adapt to American ways. The settlement was also gradually drawn into advocating for legislative reforms at the municipal, state and federal levels, addressing issues such as child labor , women's suffrage , healthcare reform and immigration policy . Some claim that

5016-446: The Hull House residents to confront the establishment, eventually partnering with them in the design and implementation of programs intended to enhance and improve the opportunities for success by the largely immigrant population. According to Christie and Gauvreau (2001), while the Christian settlement houses sought to Christianize, Jane Addams, "had come to epitomize the force of secular humanism." Her image was, however, "reinvented" by

5130-589: The Italian restaurants Rosebud, Francesca's, Pompei and Al's No. 1 Italian Beef. There are other schools in this neighborhood. For example, Village Leadership Academy (VLA). Part of the Italian-American population of the neighborhood was displaced in the 1960s and 70s by the construction of UIC's east campus. The university is the source of the current name for the area. The 1980 novel Paper Fish by Tina De Rosa takes place in this community. University Village

5244-492: The Other Half Lives in 1890 about the lives of immigrants on New York City's Lower East Side to bring greater awareness of the immigrant's living conditions. The most famous settlement house in the United States is Chicago 's Hull House , founded by Addams and Ellen Gates Starr in 1889 after Addams visited Toynbee Hall within the previous two years. Hull House, unlike the charity and welfare efforts which preceded it,

5358-673: The Pink Line in 2006. The Douglas Park branch was part of the Blue Line until it was joined with the Connector to become a part of the Pink Line. Union and Ogilvie stations, major terminals for Metra and Amtrak trains, are on the eastern edge of the Near West Side. The Chicago Aurora and Elgin Railroad (AE&C), an interurban , used the Garfield Park branch and Metropolitan main line's tracks in

5472-451: The United States, and their work influenced urban planning and the transition to a branch library system. At the state level Hull House influenced legislation on child labor laws, occupational safety and health provisions, compulsory education , immigrant rights, and pension laws. These experiences translated to success at the federal level, working with the settlement house network to champion national child labor laws, women's suffrage,

5586-526: The University of Chicago, all female professors were transferred from the Sociology Department to the Department of Social Services. One of the first newspaper articles ever written about Hull House quotes the following invitation sent to the residents of the Hull House neighborhood. It begins with: " Mio Carissimo Amico "...and is signed, Le Signorine , Jane Addams and Ellen Starr. That invitation to

5700-580: The University of Sydney in 1891–1892. Before she took up that position, Phillips visited Cambridge and Oxford Universities in England to find out how they supported women students. She also visited her younger brother, William Inchbold Phillips, Priest in Charge, St John's College Mission (Lady Margaret Church) Walworth where she learned more about the work of the college mission. The mission involved university students in charitable works and educating poorer people in

5814-767: The West Side Center for Disease Control, the office for the Medical Examiner of Cook County, and Chicago Hope Academy (a private Christian high school that opened in the former St. Callistus School in 2005). The United Center opened its doors in 1994, replacing Chicago Stadium , which was located on the opposite side of Madison Street. The United Center is the home arena for the Chicago Bulls and Blackhawks . The United Center hosts over 200 events per year and has drawn over 20 million visitors since its opening. The venue can seat between 20,000 and 25,000 people, depending on

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5928-507: The Women's Association. Over the years The Settlement gained the support of other partners and provided services for Aboriginal and migrant families and is now known as The Settlement Neighbourhood Centre in Darlington, Sydney New South Wales. The settlement movement model was introduced in the United States by Jane Addams after travelling to Europe and learning about the system in England. It

6042-410: The addition of a summer camp, the Bowen Country Club . With its innovative social, educational, and artistic programs, Hull House became the standard bearer for the movement; by 1920, it grew to approximately 500 settlement houses nationally. The Hull mansion and several subsequent acquisitions were continuously renovated to accommodate the changing demands of the association. In the mid-1960s, most of

6156-468: The agency closed while owing employees more than $ 27,000 in unpaid expense reimbursement claims. The University of Illinois Chicago's Jane Addams Hull-House Museum (unaffiliated with the agency), however, remains open. Founders and workers, sorted by surname Residents or non-resident clients Settlement movement The movement started in 1884 with the founding of Toynbee Hall in Whitechapel , in

6270-498: The area and competed with nearby Italians for business and jobs. The area previously bustled with Greek restaurants but has seen Greek influence decrease as inhabitants moved to Chicago suburbs. Greektown is home to the National Hellenic Museum , the nation's leading museum dedicated to the significant cultural contributions of Greek people. The neighborhood between the Illinois Medical District and UIC's east campus

6384-518: The area in the settlement movement tradition. She took the model back to Australia and formed the Women's Society which focused on visiting patients in hospitals and setting up night schools particularly a night school for girls at Millers Point, Sydney. After Phillips left the university for missionary and education work in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) the founding principal of the new Women's College , Louisa Macdonald developed settlement work further through

6498-554: The area to access downtown from 1905 to 1953; however, within Chicago it only boarded westbound passengers and alighted eastbound passengers lest it compete with the "L". Orbitz has its headquarters in the Citigroup Center in the Near West Side. McDonald's moved its headquarters to West Loop in 2018. PepsiCo 's Chicago offices are in the Near West Side. Aeroméxico operates the Chicago Downtown Location on

6612-517: The area. The Garfield Park branch and main line were replaced by the Congress Line in the 1950s, which continues as part of the Blue Line. The Logan Square branch was replaced in revenue service by the Milwaukee-Dearborn subway in 1951, but was retained for non-revenue linkage to the rest of the "L" system as the " Paulina Connector "; it was renovated in the 2000s and reactivated as part of

6726-418: The beginning, Addams and Starr volunteered as on-call doctors when the real doctors either didn't show up or weren't available. They acted as midwives, saved babies from neglect, prepared the dead for burial, nursed the sick, and sheltered domestic violence victims. For example, one Italian bride had lost her wedding ring and in turn was beaten by her husband for a week. She sought shelter at the settlement and it

6840-537: The borders. The neighborhood is traditionally an extension of the Little Italy neighborhood to its east, although it has consistently been one of the most diverse neighborhoods in Chicago as it was situated on the borders of African American, Irish, Hispanic, and Italian areas. It is a residential area for students from UIC. The neighborhood is also home to the Chicago Technology Park research center as well as

6954-421: The celebration that day. Addams had studied child behavior and painfully concluded that "children robbed of childhood were likely to become dull, sullen men and women working mindless jobs, or criminals for whom the adventure of crime became the only way to break out of the bleakness of their lives" Addams' thinking regarding the importance of childhood play opportunities contributed to a national conversation about

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7068-500: The children of European immigrants produced Shakespeare" as well as others. Early one December, the Greeks performed Odysseus in Chicago . The auditorium was filled with a multi-ethnic crowd and packed too close for comfort. The audience was very eager and gave the performers "rapt attention." They watched neighbors and co-workers execute this primitive play, but it was very powerful, plausible, and personal. The actors seemed to pay "tribute to

7182-417: The community, written during the first year of Hull House's existence, suggests that the inner core of what Addams labeled "The Hull House Neighborhood" was overwhelmingly Italian at that time. "10,000 Italians lived between the river and Halsted Street ." By all accounts, the greater Hull House neighborhood (Chicago's Near West Side ) was a mix of various ethnic groups that had immigrated to Chicago. There

7296-488: The conditions of the most excluded members of society. The Poor Man's Lawyer service came about because a barrister volunteered his time and encouraged his friends to do the same. In general, the settlement movement, and settlement houses in particular, "have been a foundation for social work practice in this country". As higher education opened up to women, young female graduates came into the settlement movement. The Women's University Settlement (now Blackfriars Settlement )

7410-472: The country. They came from Ireland, Russia, Italy and other European countries and provided cheap factory labor, a demand that was necessitated by the country's expansion into the west and rapid industrialization following the Civil War . Many immigrants lived in crowded and disease-ridden tenements, worked long hours, and lived in poverty. Children often worked to help support the family. Jacob Riis wrote How

7524-588: The development of freeways centered in the Jane Byrne Interchange . The area is home to the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago-Kent College of Law , and City Colleges' Malcolm X College . the United Center , the Illinois Medical District , Union Station , Ogilvie Station , and the Jane Byrne Interchange are also located in the community area. The West Loop lies along

7638-518: The east, Racine to the west, and Harrison Street to the north. Taylor Street is part of University Village. Chicago's original produce market sat along the south side of the Chicago River, west of what is now Michigan Avenue . Incoming vessels could bring fruits and vegetables from the states located around the Great Lakes . This market became known as South Water Market because of its location. By

7752-407: The effect the episode had on old women in the neighborhood and used the episode as a basis for her book The Long Road of Woman's Memory . While a great many erroneous stories have circulated about the building, Addams is known to have spoken to several friends about one of the front bedrooms on the second floor being haunted – she and a friend once thought they saw a "woman in white" ghost there, and

7866-403: The essays, the book featured two maps illustrating the spatial distribution of immigrants from eighteen different nationalities residing within a one-third square mile radius around Hull-House. "The book was notable for its impact on the University of Chicago Sociology Department ... Development of mapping as a statistical technique to reveal social group patterns became a major contribution of

7980-404: The establishment. The area has experienced rapid gentrification . A former manufacturing and warehousing area, many of the buildings have been converted to loft condominiums, restaurants, bars, and art galleries. Oprah Winfrey 's Harpo Studios were located on Randolph Street; the site is now the recently constructed corporate headquarters of McDonald's . The Fulton River District makes up

8094-427: The estimated number of houses dropped to 300 in 80 cities. The American settlement movement sprang out of the-then fashionable philosophy of " scientific philanthropy ", a model of social reform that touted the transmission of "proper" [i.e. WASP ) values, behavior, and morals to the working classes through charitable but also rigorously didactic programs as a cure to the cycle of poverty. Many settlement workers joined

8208-727: The event. A statue of Michael Jordan stands in the "atrium". The area around the United Center used to be known for its notoriously high crime rate and housing projects off Lake Street and Damen known as the Henry Horner Homes , also known as "the Hornetz nest". Designated Chicago Landmarks in the Near West Side include: In the Chicago City Council , the plurality of the area is within 27th ward, represented by Democrat Walter Burnett Jr. , while substantial parts are located within

8322-427: The first child welfare and outpatient pediatric clinic. Later, the settlement branched out and offered services to ameliorate some of the effects of poverty. A public dispensary provided nutritious food for the sick as well as a daycare center and public baths. Among the courses Hull House offered was a bookbinding course, which was timely — given the employment opportunities in the growing printing trade. Hull House

8436-512: The first floor at 954 West Washington Boulevard. The Consulate-General of Mexico in Chicago is located at 204 South Ashland Avenue. Previously, Trizec Properties 's headquarters and Chicago-area offices were in 10 S. Riverside Plaza. Chicago Public Schools (CPS) operates public schools. K-8 schools serving the Near West Side include W. Brown, Calhoun North, Dett, Herbert, Washington Irving , King, Mitchell, Otis, Plamondon, Skinner, and Smyth. Crane High School previously served as

8550-411: The first generation of New Women wove the traditional ways of their mothers into the heart of their brave new world. The social activists, often single, were led by educated New Women . Hull House became, at its inception in 1889, "a community of university women" whose main purpose was to provide social and educational opportunities for working class people (many of them recent European immigrants) in

8664-469: The industrial districts of Chicago." Hull House was located in Chicago, Illinois, and took its name from the Italianate mansion built by real estate magnate Charles Jerald Hull (1820–1889) at 800 South Halsted Street in 1856. The building was located in what had once been a fashionable part of town, but by 1889, when Addams was searching for a location for her experiment, it had descended into squalor. This

8778-536: The inner core of Addams' "Hull House Neighborhood", remained as the laboratory upon which the social and philanthropic groups of Hull House elitists had tested their theories and formulated their challenges to the establishment. The synergy between Taylor Street's Little Italy and the Hull House complex; i.e., the settlement house and its summer camp, the Bowen Country Club , is well documented. Dr. Alice Hamilton , an early member of that elite Hull House hierarchy, wrote in her autobiography, "Those Italian women knew what

8892-423: The lives of the poor, and criticised as normative or moralistic by radical social movements. There were basic commonalities in the movement. These institutions were more concerned with societal causes for poverty, especially the changes that came with industrialisation, rather than personal causes which their predecessors believed were the main reason for poverty. The settlement movement believed that social reform

9006-495: The local community. Nevertheless, Jane recognized that to effectively tackle these issues, it was essential to comprehend them thoroughly. Consequently, she mobilized teams to investigate social problems in the vicinity of Hull-House. Hassencahl asserts that Hull-House evolved into a globally significant hub of intellectual activity, attracting leaders from various fields to engage in teaching, studying, and research. Deegan further elaborates that for women sociologists, Hull-House held

9120-525: The main Chicago Post Office at 433 West Harrison Street in the Near West Side. The post office is the only 24-hour post office in the United States. USPS also operates the Nancy B. Jefferson Post Office at 116 South Western Avenue. The Federal Bureau of Investigation Chicago Field Office is at 2111 W. Roosevelt Road. Interstates 290 and 90 both run through the Near West Side. Their interchange

9234-438: The mansion, of the dozen additional buildings only the craftsman style dining hall (built in 1905 and designed by Pond & Pond) survives and it was moved 200 yards (182.9 m) from its original site to be next to the mansion. Addams noted that upon moving in, the building had a "half-skeptical reputation for a haunted attic." Over the years, numerous stories of ghosts and hauntings have surrounded Hull House, making it

9348-415: The messy world of lived experience - with emphasis on the under explored world of women's experience. Rather than focusing on fixed individual characteristics (virtues), her social ethics engaged the individual in broader society and focused on a social responsibility and participatory democracy. In 1897, Alice Hamilton after graduating from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine joined Hull House and founded one of

9462-444: The movement out of a strong conviction that effective social welfare programs were the only thing that could prevent the pernicious development in the United States of a European-style entrenched social class system. The movement also spread to late imperial Russia, as Stanislav Shatsky and Alexander Zelenko set up a network of educational and social institutions in northern Moscow in 1905, naming it "Settlement" (" Сетлемент ",

9576-474: The need for playgrounds and a movement that started the Playground Association of America Also, one volunteer, Jenny Dow, started a kindergarten class for children left at the settlement while their mothers worked in the sweatshops. Within three weeks, Dow had 24 registered kindergartners and 70 on a waiting list. At the municipal level, their pursuit of legal reforms led to the first juvenile court in

9690-610: The north east area of the Near West Side, on the Chicago River just west of the Loop. The related Fulton Market area extends west of the Kennedy Expressway as far as Union Park . The district is a former manufacturing and current transportation corridor turned mixed-use commercial and residential neighborhood. The neighborhood includes warehouses that have been converted to loft condominiums , new construction high rise condominiums and apartments, high rise and mid rise business offices, retail and restaurants. The Fulton River District

9804-510: The oldest in the United States, were, like Hull House, important institutions for social reform in America's teeming, immigrant-dominant urban communities. United Neighborhood Houses of New York is the federation of 38 settlement houses in New York City. These and other settlement houses inspired the establishment of settlement schools to serve isolated rural communities in Appalachia , such as

9918-471: The original buildings complex in the 1960s, it continued to provide social services in multiple locations throughout Chicago. It finally ceased operations in January 2012. The Hull mansion and a related dining hall, the only remaining survivors on the Hull House complex, are now maintained as a history museum. Addams followed the example of Toynbee Hall , which was founded in 1884 in the East End of London as

10032-578: The portion of the Green Line running through the area, has been in operation since 1893. The Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad , another company that built the "L", opened several branches of rapid transit in the area in 1895 and 1896. These branches included the Logan Square , Garfield Park , and Douglas Park branches , which all converged into the Metropolitan main line at Marshfield station in

10146-422: The preface of Hull-House Maps and Papers, she mentioned that the residents of the settlement house typically didn't engage in sociological inquiries, which she distinguished from investigations into labor abuses or factory conditions. She expressed her opposition to viewing the neighborhood as a laboratory, emphasizing that Hull-House aimed to assist the neighbors rather than study them. However, she ended up becoming

10260-563: The remnants of other immigrant groups living on the outer fringes of the Hull House Neighborhood, disappeared long before the physical demise of Hull House. The exodus of most ethnic groups began shortly after the turn of the twentieth century. Their businesses, e.g. Greektown and Maxwell Street, however, remained. Italian Americans were the only immigrant group that endured as a vibrant on-going community. That community came to be known as " Little Italy ". Taylor Street's Little Italy,

10374-430: The same ghost was later seen by a group of girls when the room was used as a dressing room for the adjacent theater. Though Addams called it "haunted," she seems to have been more amused than frightened by it. Addams felt that the community benefits from theater plays and thus established an amateur theater in the Hull House in 1899. "The neighborhood Greeks performed the classic plays of antiquity in their own language and

10488-451: The settlement house movement: residence, research, and reform. These involved "close cooperation with the neighborhood people, scientific study of the causes of poverty and dependence, communication of these facts to the public, and persistent pressure for [legislative and social] reform..." Hull House conducted careful studies of the Near West Side, Chicago community, which became known as "The Hull House Neighborhood". These studies enabled

10602-593: The south and the Canadian–French to the northwest. From the river on the east end, on out to the western ends of what came to be known as " Little Italy ", from Roosevelt Road on the south to the Harrison Street delta on the north, became the port-of-call for Italians who continued to immigrate to Chicago from the shores of southern Italy until a quota system was implemented in 1924 for most Southern Europeans. The Greektown and Maxwell Street residents, along with

10716-613: The state, with a Cook score of D+33, represented by Democrat Luis Gutiérrez . The Near West Side community area has supported the Democratic Party in the past two presidential elections. In the 2016 presidential election , the Near West Side cast 20,622 votes for Hillary Clinton and cast 3,094 votes for Donald Trump (82.68% to 12.40%). In the 2012 presidential election , the Near West Side cast 18,068 votes for Barack Obama and cast 4,234 votes for Mitt Romney (79.51% to 18.63%). The United States Postal Service (USPS) operates

10830-465: The surrounding neighborhood. Because of its heavy reliance on public support—as much as 85 percent of its revenue came from such sources—Hull House Association had essentially become an arm of government, unlike anything Ms. Addams might recognize today. When Clarence Wood, then the head of Chicago's Human Relations Commission, took over in 2000, he promised to move toward more private fundraising. But that effort appears to have failed to bring in more than

10944-582: The surrounding neighborhood. The "residents" (volunteers at Hull were given this title) held classes in literature, history, art, domestic activities (such as sewing), and many other subjects. Prominent scholars and social reformers such as John Dewey , George Herbert Mead , Max Weber , and W.E.B. Du Bois lectured at Hull House. In addition, Hull House held concerts that were free to everyone, offered free lectures on current issues, and operated clubs for both children and adults. In 1892, Addams published her thoughts on what has been described as "the three R's" of

11058-474: The twentieth century. For example, James Rossant of Conklin + Rossant agreed with Robert E. Simon 's social vision and consciously sought to mix economic backgrounds when drawing up the master plan for Reston , Virginia. The New Monastic movement has a similar goal and model. Near West Side, Chicago The Near West Side , one of the 77 community areas of Chicago , is on the West Side , west of

11172-526: The urban branch campus of the University of Illinois in the 1960s. Until 2012, the social service center role was performed throughout the city at various locations under an umbrella organization, the Jane Addams Hull House Association. The original Hull House building itself is a museum, part of the College of Architecture and the Arts at the University of Illinois Chicago , and is open to the public. The Jane Addams Hull House Association

11286-560: The western bank of the Chicago River . It generally includes the districts of Fulton River, Fulton Market, and Greektown. It is approximately bounded by Grand Avenue on the north, Ashland Avenue on the west, the Eisenhower Expressway on the south, and the Chicago River on the east. Popular restaurants line Randolph Street , including Girl and the Goat by Stephanie Izard , and Leña Brava, founded by Rick Bayless who has since departed

11400-437: The work of the Hull House marked the beginning of what we know today as "Social Welfare". At the neighborhood level, Hull House established the city's first public playground, bathhouse, and public gymnasium (in 1893), pursued educational and political reform, and investigated housing, working, and sanitation issues. The playground opened on May Day in 1893, located on Polk Street. Families dressed in party attire and came to join

11514-504: The zoned high school for the Near West Side. CPS announced in 2012 that Crane was to be converted into a magnet school for medical sciences. Whitney M. Young Magnet High School is also in the Near West Side. Washington Irving School is located in Tri-Taylor. In the 2000–2001 school year, of the area children who attended CPS schools (the figure does not include those who attended private schools nor charter schools), 69% attended Irving. By

11628-453: Was Addams who became the leading figure of the settlement movement in the United States with the help of like-minded personalities such as Mary Rozet Smith , Mary Keyser, Alice Hamilton , Julia Lathrop , Florence Kelley , and Ella May Dunning Smith , among others. The settlement movement became popular due to the socio-economic situation in the United States between 1890 and 1910, when more than 12 million European people immigrated to

11742-420: Was an incubator of ideas where feminist pragmatism was jump started. The Hull House philosophy, contrasted sharply with the approach of Plato. He used geometry and math as a spring board to a theory of Forms, which were "ideal, eternal, unchanging and pleasingly independence of earthly visible things. Addams, on the other hand, was not interested in abstract truth. She wanted her philosophic approach to incorporate

11856-698: Was best pursued and pushed for by private charities. The movement was oriented toward a more collectivist approach and was seen as a response to socialist challenges that confronted the British political economy and philanthropy. The British Association of Settlements and Social Action Centres is a network of such organisations. Other early examples include Browning Hall , formed in Walworth in 1895 by Francis Herbert Stead , and Mansfield House Settlement, also in east London (see Percy Alden ). Oxford House in Bethnal Green

11970-780: Was built in 1883. The University of Illinois at Chicago's origins in the District can be traced to the College of Physicians and Surgeons, founded in 1881. In 1917, the State acquired the vacated West Side Park located at Polk and Wolcott for the university. The district is also home to University of Illinois Medical Center , Rush University Medical Center , Rush University , University of Illinois College of Medicine , Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary , UIC College of Dentistry , UIC College of Pharmacy , Jesse Brown VA, The Neuropsychiatric Institute, Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center , Chicago Lighthouse , Illinois Forensic Science Center , West Side CDC,

12084-407: Was founded in 1887 "by women from Girton and Newnham Colleges at Cambridge University , Lady Margaret , and Somerville Colleges at Oxford University and Bedford and Royal Holloway Universities". Australia's first settlement activity was begun by the University of Sydney Women's Society. The Society was instigated by Helen Phillips when she was the first tutor of women students at

12198-490: Was given credit for founding the American Little Theatre Movement . The success of Hull House led Paul Kellogg to refer to the group as the "Great Ladies of Halsted Street". The objective of Hull House, as stated in its charter, was: "To provide a center for a higher civic and social life; to institute and maintain educational and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and improve the conditions in

12312-466: Was granted to her. Also, a baby born with a cleft palate was unwanted by his mother so he was kept at the Hull House for six weeks after an operation. In another case, a woman was about to give birth to an illegitimate baby, so none of the Irish matrons would touch it. Addams and Starr stepped in and delivered this helpless little one. Finally, a female Italian immigrant was so thrilled about fresh roses at one of

12426-409: Was no discrimination of race, language, creed, or tradition for those who entered the doors of the Hull House. Every person was treated with respect. The Bethlehem-Howard Neighborhood Center records substantiate that, "Germans and Jews resided south of that inner core (south of twelfth street)...The Greek delta formed by Harrison, Halsted and Blue Island Streets served as a buffer to the Irish residing to

12540-805: Was not a religious-based organization. Instead of Christian ethic, Addams opted to ground her settlement on democratic ideals. It focused on providing education and recreational facilities for European immigrant women and children. Katharine Coman , Vida Scudder , and Katharine Lee Bates were among a group of women who founded Denison House in Boston in 1892. Union Settlement Association , founded in 1894, Lenox Hill Neighborhood House , founded in 1894, Friendly Inn Settlement House, founded in 1894, Henry Street Settlement , founded in 1893, Hiram House , founded in 1896, Houchen House in El Paso Texas, founded in 1912 and University Settlement House , founded in 1886 and

12654-452: Was one of Chicago's largest nonprofit social welfare organizations. Its mission was to improve social conditions for underserved people and communities by providing creative, innovative programs and by advocating for related public policy reforms. The Association had more than 50 programs at over 40 sites throughout Chicago and served approximately 60,000 individuals, families, and community members every year. The Jane Addams Hull-House Museum

12768-461: Was partly due to the rapid and overwhelming influx of immigrants into the Near West Side neighborhood. Charles Hull granted his former home to his cousin Helen Culver , who in turn granted it to Addams on a 25-year rent-free lease. By 1907, Addams had acquired 13 buildings surrounding Hull's mansion. Between 1889 and 1935, Addams and Ellen Gates Starr continuously redeveloped the building. In 1912,

12882-644: Was sponsored by High Church Anglicans associated with Oxford University . In Edinburgh , the New College Settlement was founded in 1893, followed by the Edinburgh University Settlement in 1905. Bristol University Settlement was founded by Marian Pease and Hilda Cashmore in 1911. There is also a global network, The International Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood Centers (IFS). The movement gave rise to many social policy initiatives and innovative ways of working to improve

12996-454: Was well known for its success in aiding American assimilation, especially with immigrant youth. Hull House became the center of the movement to promote hand workmanship as a moral regenerative force. The Hull-House Kilns program was directed by Myrtle Merritt French . Under the direction of Laura Dainty Pelham their theater group performed the Chicago premiers of several plays by John Galsworthy , Henrik Ibsen , and George Bernard Shaw , and

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