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118-690: Hudson Yards is a neighborhood on the West Side of Midtown Manhattan in New York City , bounded roughly by 30th Street in the south, 41st Street in the north, the West Side Highway in the west, and Eighth Avenue in the east. The area is the site of a large-scale redevelopment program that is being planned, funded, and constructed under a set of agreements among the State of New York , City of New York , and Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), with

236-742: A 34th Street subway station under Eleventh Avenue at the rail yard, and next to the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center , which would be expanded by the State. To fund the subway and a park and boulevard and other infrastructure, the City proposed a novel tax-increment financing scheme within a Hudson Yards financing district to collect both residential property taxes and commercial payments-in-lieu-of-taxes (PILOTS) and sell transferable development rights to prospective developers. A Hudson Yards Infrastructure Corporation would issue bonds against expected revenues. In January 2005,

354-548: A request for proposals for a site across the streets from the Javits Center at 418 11th Avenue in 2021. The New York Convention Center Development Corporation, a subsidiary of the Empire State Development Corporation , owns the lot, known as "Site K". A proposal for the site by developer Don Peebles , designed by David Adjaye , received attention in 2021 for its design and scope. The request for proposals

472-443: A "Hell's Kitchen subdistrict", encompassing the core residential area existing prior to redevelopment of the surrounding area. The subdistrict extends between 30th Street to the south and 41st Street to the north. There has been a long series of proposals to develop the rail yard air rights, including for a major expansion of Midtown Manhattan by William Zeckendorf in the 1950s and for a housing development considered by U.S. Steel in

590-682: A 12,700,000 sq ft (1,180,000 m) mixed-use development to be built on platforms over the rail yard, which would remain in use throughout. Five developers responded to the RFP: Extell , Tishman Speyer , Brookfield , Vornado , and the Related Companies . Tishman Speyer won the bid in March 2008. Tishman Speyer entered into a 99-year lease with the MTA, paying $ 1 billion for the air rights . It would also spend another $ 2 billion for development over

708-400: A 32-story office tower would be built. Hotels, apartment buildings, and a Madison Square Garden would be built over the tracks west of Pennsylvania Station . North of the Javits Center, a "Television City" would be developed by Larry Silverstein in conjunction with NBC . One impediment to development was the lack of mass transit in the area, which is far from Penn Station, and none of

826-406: A bond issue that would have funded a 48th Street "people mover", the City first abandoned the rest of the 1969–70 master plan and then gave the neighborhood a special zoning district to restrict further redevelopment. Since then, limited new development has filled in the many empty lots and rejuvenated existing buildings. Later, in 1978, when the city could not afford the higher cost of constructing

944-469: A conceptual supertall with a 1,220,000 sq ft (113,000 m) capacity and 108 stories that would soar over 1,800 feet on the north side of 34th Street between Hudson Boulevard and Tenth Avenue in order to show the potential of a site that it intended to sell. Dubbed Hudson Spire and designed by MJM+A architects, it would be the tallest tower in the Western Hemisphere if completed. The site

1062-717: A corner of New York conceived with actual human beings in mind" while Hudson Yards has "[...] has aged from a shiny new space station to a disconsolate one". In a review of the restaurant offerings at Related's Hudson Yards development written in anticipation of the complex opening to the public, Ryan Sutton criticized Related and Oxford for including only two establishments run by women. Further, Sutton criticized Related and Oxford for failing to provide opportunities for small, local operators to open in Hudson Yards, instead leasing to established restaurateurs and organizations which had already experienced "great success". Sutton also criticized

1180-468: A four-acre system of parks and roads, is located north of the rail yard site, extending from 33rd Street to 39th Street, mid-block between Tenth Avenue and Eleventh Avenue . The boulevard is divided into a Hudson Boulevard East and a Hudson Boulevard West, with the park between the two. The first phase, between 33rd and 36th Streets, was completed in August 2015. Proposed parks between Ninth and Tenth avenues in

1298-461: A location in Manhattan , New York is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hell%27s Kitchen Hell's Kitchen , formerly also known as Clinton , is a neighborhood on the West Side of Midtown Manhattan in New York City , United States. It is considered to be bordered by 34th Street (or 41st Street) to the south, 59th Street to the north, Eighth Avenue to the east, and

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1416-422: A narrow court behind 422 West 46th Street. From 1811 until it was officially de-mapped in 1857, the diminutive Bloomingdale Square was part of the city's intended future. It extended from 53rd to 57th Streets between Eighth and Ninth Avenues. It was eliminated after the establishment of Central Park, and the name shifted to the junction of Broadway, West End Avenue , and 106th Street, now Straus Park . In 1825,

1534-474: A new apartment building on West 38th Street, was reviewed favorably by Pete Wells. For census purposes, the New York City government classifies Hudson Yards as part of a larger neighborhood tabulation area called Hudson Yards-Chelsea-Flat Iron-Union Square. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census , the population of Hudson Yards-Chelsea-Flat Iron-Union Square was 70,150, a change of 14,311 (20.4%) from

1652-594: A park system from West 39th Street to West 34th Street, portions of which would be located along the Dyer Avenue / Lincoln Tunnel Expressway corridors. Dubbed the Hudson Yards Master Plan, the area covered is bordered on the east by Seventh and Eighth Avenues, on the south by West 28th and 30th Streets, on the north by West 43rd Street, and on the west by Hudson River Park and the Hudson River . The city's plan

1770-457: A platform above both the eastern and western portions of the yard on which to construct the buildings. Groundbreaking for 10 Hudson Yards , the first building, occurred on December 4, 2012. In April 2013, the Related/Oxford joint venture obtained a $ 475 million construction loan from parties including Barry Sternlicht 's Starwood Capital Group and luxury retailer Coach . The financing deal

1888-429: A police guide to get details of a multiple murder there. He referred to a particularly infamous tenement at 39th Street and Tenth Avenue as "Hell's Kitchen" and said that the entire section was "probably the lowest and filthiest in the city." According to this version, 39th Street between 9th and 10th Avenues became known as Hell's Kitchen and the name was later expanded to the surrounding streets. Another version ascribes

2006-536: A real-estate building boom on Eighth Avenue, including the Hearst Tower at 56th Street and Eighth Avenue. An indication of how fast real estate prices rose in the neighborhood was a 2004 transaction involving the Howard Johnson's Motel at 52nd Street and Eighth Avenue. In June, Vikram Chatwal's Hampshire Hotel Group bought the motel and adjoining Studio Instrument Rental building for $ 9 million. In August, they sold

2124-470: A restaurant and food court which had not yet opened in 10 Hudson Yards at the time the piece was published by Eater . When Mercado Little Spain ultimately opened in 2019, Eater published a mixed review of its offerings written by Robert Sietsema. In a separate review by Sutton of the opened complex, published in 2019, the critic referred to Hudson Yards as "the worst place to eat fancy food in New York". In

2242-428: A series of delays related to the construction of the 34th Street station, the subway extension opened on September 13, 2015. The station connects to nearby buildings and developments, including 30 Hudson Yards and Hudson Park and Boulevard . The 34th Street station's main entrance, escalators and an elevator on the west side of Hudson Park and Boulevard between 33rd and 34th Streets, is at the foot of 55 Hudson Yards and

2360-416: A site between 11th Avenue, 37th and 38th Streets, and Hudson Boulevard that previously allowed 173,000 sq ft (16,100 m) of retail space. A buyer would be able to split the space between two buildings. In June 2015, Tishman Speyer bought another lot between West 36th and 37th Streets on 11th Avenue; the lot was zoned for a 735,000 sq ft (68,300 m) residential and hotel property. It

2478-407: A storage facility for commuter trains; the new West Side Yard was designed with space left between the tracks for columns to support development in air rights above the tracks. Despite the completion of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center in 1986, no further development took place. One impediment to development was a lack of mass transit in the area, which is far from Penn Station, and none of

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2596-574: Is Manhattan West , developed by Brookfield Property Partners over the rail yard west of Ninth Avenue between 31st and 33rd streets. Other structures being developed in the Hudson Yards Zoning District include 3 Hudson Boulevard and the Spiral . The special district also includes Pennsylvania Station , the subject of a major overhaul. Hudson Yards is part of Manhattan Community District 4 and its primary ZIP Codes are 10001 and 10018. It

2714-703: Is Hell's Kitchen." The 1929 book Manna-Hatin: The Story of New York states that the Panic of 1857 led to the formation of gangs "in the notorious ' Gas House District ' at Twenty-First Street and the East River, or in 'Hell's Kitchen', in the West Thirties." Hell's Kitchen has become the most frequently used name of the neighborhood, even though real estate developers have offered alternatives such as "Clinton" and "Midtown West", or even "the Mid-West". The "Clinton" name, used by

2832-849: Is called the Eastern Rail Yard. The Hudson Yards area includes parts of the Garment Center, the Javits Convention Center, Madison Square Garden, the Port Authority Bus Terminal, the Farley Post Office, and the Lincoln Tunnel. Most of the Hudson Yards redevelopment area is also known as Hell's Kitchen South. The special purpose district covering the area, the Special Hudson Yards District, includes

2950-406: Is immediately west of New York's main business district, large-scale redevelopment has been kept in check for more than 40 years by strict zoning rules in a Special Clinton District designed to protect the neighborhood's residents and its low-rise character. In part to qualify for federal aid, New York developed a comprehensive Plan for New York City in 1969–70. While for almost all neighborhoods,

3068-461: Is just half a block away from the rail yard's northern edge. Another station, planned for Tenth Avenue and 41st Street , was not built. The platform atop which the Related development was built includes a 6-acre (2 ha) public square . In the middle of the square is Vessel , a 16-story structure of freestanding, connected staircases designed by Thomas Heatherwick . Hudson Park and Boulevard ,

3186-419: Is next to a lot—zoned for a planned residential tower—that was bought in 2012 by Lalezarian Properties for $ 46.5 million, Tishman Speyer's land is also close to a lot owned by former New York Governor Eliot Spitzer , who bought the lot in 2013 and plans at least 414,000 sq ft (38,500 m) of new development space. Two other new Related buildings, One Hudson Yards and Abington House , are adjacent

3304-539: Is part of Manhattan Community District 4 . It is patrolled by the 10th and Midtown North Precincts of the New York City Police Department . The area provides transport, medical, and warehouse-infrastructure support to the business district of Manhattan. It is known for its extensive selection of multiethnic, small, and relatively inexpensive restaurants, delicatessens, bodegas , bars, and associated nightlife. The name "Hell's Kitchen" generally refers to

3422-578: Is patrolled by the 10th Precinct of the New York City Police Department . "Hudson Yards" takes its name from the MTA rail yard along the Hudson River between 30th Street and 33rd Street, part of a Penn Central rail yard that once extended to 39th Street. The portion of the MTA yard between the river and Eleventh Avenue is called the Western Rail Yard, and the portion between Eleventh Avenue and Tenth Avenue

3540-590: Is served by the New York City Fire Department (FDNY)'s Engine Co. 34/Ladder Co. 21 at 440 West 38th Street. However, there are no firehouses in or near the Hudson Yards real-estate development. Hudson Yards is located within two primary ZIP Codes . The area south of 34th Street is in 10001 and the area north of 34th Street is in 10018. The United States Postal Service operates the RCU Annex Station post office at 340 West 42nd Street. In addition,

3658-429: Is the 80-story, 1,337 ft (408 m) 30 Hudson Yards , which is the city's third-tallest building; it is expected to be completed in early 2019. Bordering Eleventh Avenue are two mixed-use buildings, 15 Hudson Yards and 35 Hudson Yards . 15 Hudson Yards, the more southerly of the two towers, is connected to a semi-permanent structure, a performance and arts space known as The Shed . The mixed-use 15 Hudson Yards

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3776-469: The Hudson River to the west. Hell's Kitchen has long been a bastion of poor and working-class Irish Americans , and its gritty reputation has long held real-estate prices below those of most other areas of Manhattan. But by 1969, the City Planning Commission's Plan for New York City reported that development pressures related to its Midtown location were driving people of modest means from

3894-463: The Hudson River Railroad , whose initial leg – the 40 mi (64 km) to Peekskill  – was completed on September 29, 1849, By the end of 1849, it stretched to Poughkeepsie and in 1851 it extended to Albany . The track ran at a steep grade up Eleventh Avenue, as far as 60th Street . The formerly rural riverfront was industrialized by businesses, such as tanneries, that used

4012-534: The Jacob K. Javits Convention Center , is also known as Hell's Kitchen South. The western border of the neighborhood is the Hudson River at the Hudson River Park and West Side Highway . Several explanations exist for the origin of the neighborhood's current name. An early use of the phrase appears in a comment Davy Crockett made about another notorious Irish slum in Manhattan, Five Points . According to

4130-563: The James A. Farley Station , the main post office for New York City, is located at 421 8th Avenue. West Side (Manhattan) The main north–south roads servicing the West Side are the Henry Hudson Parkway in the north and the West Side Highway in the south. The Hudson River Greenway separates these highways from the island's western shore. Hudson Yards, Manhattan , would have been

4248-576: The M12 , M42 and M50 serve 42nd Street. The M12 was introduced to improve transit on the far west side, including Hudson Yards, in 2014. After the Hudson Yards project was approved in 2005, the MTA received proceeds from the initial 2006 bond offering to pay for the 7 Subway Extension to 34th Street–Hudson Yards station. With funding assured, the MTA proceeded quickly to construct the extension. The first construction contracts were awarded in October 2007. After

4366-585: The New York City Council approved Related Companies' revised plan for Hudson Yards, and the western portion of the West Side Yard was rezoned. Following the rail yards' successful rezoning, the MTA signed another 99-year lease to the air rights over the rail yard in May 2010. The air rights were signed over to a joint venture of Related Companies and Oxford Properties Group , which invested $ 400 million to build

4484-565: The New York City Council approved the 60-block rezoning, including the eastern portion of the West Side Yard . The newly rezoned Hudson Yards area was to have 25,800,000 sq ft (2,400,000 m) of Class A office space, 20,000 housing units, two million sq ft (190,000 m) of hotel space, a 750-seat public school, one million sq ft (93,000 m) of retail and more than 20 acres (8 ha) of public open space. The rezoning and financing district did not include

4602-453: The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks , the station with the greatest loss of firefighters was Engine Co. 54/Ladder Co. 4/Battalion 9 at 48th Street and Eighth Avenue, which lost 15 firefighters, an entire shift on duty. Given its proximity to Midtown, the station specializes in skyscraper fires and rescues. In 2007, it was the second-busiest firehouse in New York City, with 9,685 runs between

4720-790: The Upper West Side , though the section west of Ninth Avenue and south of 57th Street is also part of the Columbus Circle neighborhood. 57th Street was traditionally the boundary between the Upper West Side and Hell's Kitchen, but another interpretation puts the northern border at 59th Street, where the names of the north–south avenues change. Included between 57th and 59th Streets the Time Warner Center at Columbus Circle; Hudson Hotel ; Mount Sinai West , where John Lennon died in 1980 after being shot; and John Jay College . Beyond

4838-454: The 1960s. The idea of building housing on air rights over the rail yard, with commercial development between 34th Street and 42nd Street, was included in a plan announced by Mayor Robert F. Wagner Jr. in 1963 that would have included projects covering a swath of Manhattan from its southern tip up to 72nd Street . The administration of John Lindsay maintained the goal of the 1963 plan—a westward expansion of Midtown—but shifted their focus to

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4956-418: The 2012 Olympics to London, the stadium proposal was permanently scrapped. The city government subsequently rezoned the western rail yard for residential and commercial development and added it to the financing district. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) then sought to develop the 26-acre (11 ha) yard, and in conjunction with the city government, the MTA issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for

5074-404: The 2019 review, which served as an introduction to Eater ' s individual reviews of restaurants in Hudson Yards, Sutton panned TAK Room, a restaurant by Thomas Keller , but offered praise for Korean restaurant Kawi and Milos Wine Bar. In his full review of TAK Room, Sutton criticized its prices and the discrepancy between the cost of eating at the restaurant and his perception of the quality of

5192-551: The 44th Street convention center over water, the Mayor and Governor chose the rail yard site originally proposed by the local community. The SCD was originally split into four areas: Special permits are required for all demolition and construction in the SCD, including demolition of "any sound housing in the District" and any rehabilitation that increases the number of dwellings in a structure. In

5310-476: The 55,839 counted in 2000 . Covering an area of 851.67 acres (344.66 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 82.4/acre (52,700/sq mi; 20,400/km). The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 65.1% (45,661) White , 5.7% (4,017) African American , 0.1% (93) Native American , 11.8% (8,267) Asian , 0% (21) Pacific Islander , 0.4% (261) from other races , and 2.3% (1,587) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.6% (10,243) of

5428-550: The City purchased for $ 10 clear title to a right-of-way through John Leake Norton's farm, "The Hermitage", to lay out 42nd Street clear to the river. Before long, cattle ferried from Weehawken were being driven along the unpaved route to slaughterhouses on the East Side. Seventy acres of the Leakes', later the Nortons' property, extending north from 42nd to 46th Street and from Broadway to

5546-476: The Clinton Planning Council and Daniel Gutman, their environmental planner, proposed that the convention center and all major development be located south of 42nd Street, where public policy had already left tracts of vacant land. Nevertheless, in 1973 the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center was approved for a 44th Street site that would replace piers 84 and 86. But in exchange, and after the defeat of

5664-495: The Great Kill formed from three small streams that united near present-day Tenth Avenue and 40th Street, and then wound through the low-lying Reed Valley, renowned for fish and waterfowl, emptying into the Hudson River at a deep bay on the river at the present 42nd Street . The name was retained in a tiny hamlet called Great Kill, which became a center for carriage-making. The upland to the south and east became known as Longacre,

5782-480: The High Line will traverse Phase 2 of the project. Work on the platform to cover the second half of the tracks was originally scheduled to begin in 2018, and reporting in 2014 indicated the entire project, including Phase 2, could be completed by 2024, though work has not begun on the western yard as of late 2022. The development received mostly negative press when it opened to the public for its failure to integrate into

5900-492: The Hudson Yards Master Plan, the area covered is bordered on the east by Seventh and Eighth Avenues, on the south by West 28th and 30th Streets, on the north by West 43rd Street, and on the west by Hudson River Park and the Hudson River . The City's plan was similar to a neighborhood plan produced by architect Meta Brunzema and environmental planner Daniel Gutman for the Hell's Kitchen Neighborhood Association (HKNA). The main concept of

6018-527: The Hudson Yards development would include 16 skyscrapers to be constructed in two phases. Architects including Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill , Thomas Heatherwick , Roche-Dinkeloo , and Diller Scofidio + Renfro contributed designs for individual structures. Major office tenants include or will include fashion company Tapestry , gym chain Equinox Fitness , and financial company BlackRock . The area includes other major development projects. One such project

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6136-609: The Irish Cultural Society of the Garden City Area: When, in 1835, Davy Crockett said, "In my part of the country, when you meet an Irishman, you find a first-rate gentleman; but these are worse than savages; they are too mean to swab hell's kitchen", he was referring to the Five Points. According to an article by Kirkley Greenwell, published online by the Hell's Kitchen Neighborhood Association: No one can pin down

6254-622: The Phase 1 buildings, but are unrelated to the Hudson Yards project. Another Related development also on the West Side, originally dubbed "Hudson Residences" is under construction at the same time as Hudson Yards. The project ultimately took the shape of two unrelated buildings: Lantern House , designed by Thomas Heatherwick , and The Cortland , designed by RAMSA . Related is also developing several buildings with Spitzer Enterprises at sites including 451 10th Avenue, 511 West 35th Street, 506 West 36th Street, and 512 West 36th Street. New York state issued

6372-485: The Preservation Area cannot exceed 66 ft (20 m) or seven stories, whichever is less. As the gentrification pace increased, there were numerous reports of problems between landlords and tenants. The most extreme example was the eight-story Windermere Apartments complex at the southwest corner of Ninth Avenue and 57th Street. Built in 1881, it is the second-oldest large apartment house in Manhattan. In 1980,

6490-481: The Rail Yards", the section was built in three phases. The right-of-way from 30th Street was extended into the Hudson Yards site, running parallel to 30th Street past Eleventh Avenue , and developed in a manner similar to the previous sections of the park. The Spur along 30th Street received an amphitheater, restrooms, trees and grasses above Tenth Avenue. Finally, the curved section around the western part of Hudson Yards

6608-808: The aim of expanding the Midtown Manhattan business district westward to the Hudson River . The program includes a major rezoning of the Far West Side , an extension of the New York City Subway 's 7 and <7> ​ trains to a new subway station at 34th Street and 11th Avenue , a renovation and expansion of the Javits Center , and a financing plan to fund the various components. The various components are being planned by New York City Department of City Planning and New York City Economic Development Corporation . The largest of

6726-474: The area between 34th to the south and 59th Street to the north. Starting west of Eighth Avenue and the north side of 43rd Street, city zoning regulations generally limit buildings to six stories. As a result, most of the buildings are older, and are often walk-up apartments . For the most part, the neighborhood encompasses the ZIP Codes 10019 and 10036. The post office for 10019 is called Radio City Station,

6844-505: The area was still zoned as a manufacturing district with low-rise apartment buildings. By the early 1990s, there was a recession , which scuttled plans for rezoning and severely reduced the amount of development in the area. After the recession was over, developers invested in areas like Times Square , eastern Hell's Kitchen, and Chelsea , but mostly skipped the Far West Side. While most fire stations in Manhattan lost firefighters in

6962-509: The area. Gentrification has accelerated since the early 1980s, and rents have risen rapidly. In addition to its long-established Irish-American and Hispanic-American populations, Hell's Kitchen has a large LGBTQ population and is home to many LGBTQ bars and businesses. The neighborhood has long been a home to fledgling and working actors; it is the home of the Actors Studio training school and sits near Broadway theatres . Hell's Kitchen

7080-669: The blocks north of 42nd Street, home to 35,000 residents of the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood. As a first step, the City approved a convention center on 44th Street. But after the defeat of a bond issue that would have funded a 48th Street "people mover," the City abandoned it and the rest of the master plan. At the same time the local Hell's Kitchen community proposed that midtown expansion take place south of 42nd Street instead. A community-proposed convention center site—between Eleventh and Twelfth avenues from 34th to 39th streets—was later promoted by Donald Trump , who had obtained an option on

7198-531: The broader city and its architecture. The complex also suffered due to decreased traffic from commuters and visitors during the COVID-19 pandemic . In May 2020, the Financial Times noted the development had become a "ghost town". 50 and 55 Hudson Yards are located just north of the West Side Yard on the block bounded by 33rd Street to the south, 10th Avenue to the east, 34th Street to the north, and 11th Avenue to

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7316-452: The completion of the 66 story tower. As of October 2023, the tower was 75% leased, with Phizer , New York-Presbyterian Hospital , HSBC , and Baker Tilly as anchor tenants. Among the neighboring projects are 3 Hudson Boulevard (formerly the GiraSole), located on 34th Street and Eleventh Avenue . 3 Hudson Boulevard is under construction, although it lacks an anchor tenant. Construction

7434-479: The complex includes six buildings, two of which are pre-existing structures undergoing substantial renovations. These buildings include three office buildings, two residential buildings, and one hotel. The two principal office buildings and a public green space, open year-round, were built on a platform over covered tracks that lead from the West Side Yard to Penn Station. To facilitate construction Brookfield announced in 2014 that it would use prefabricated parts to build

7552-644: The decline of the West Side piers and many longshoremen found themselves out of work. In addition, construction of the Lincoln Tunnel in the 1930s, Lincoln Tunnel access roads, and the Port Authority Bus Terminal and ramps starting in 1950 destroyed much of Hell's Kitchen south of 41st Street. In 1959, an aborted rumble between rival Irish and Puerto Rican gangs led to the notorious " Capeman " murders in which two innocent teenagers, mistaken for rival gang members, were killed. By 1965, Hell's Kitchen

7670-448: The exact origin of the label, but some refer to a tenement on 54th Street as the first "Hell's Kitchen". Another explanation points to an infamous building at 39th as the true origin. A gang and a local dive took the name as well. Local historian Mary Clark explained the name thus: ...first appeared in print on September 22, 1881 when a New York Times reporter went to the West 30s with

7788-436: The existing at-grade West Side Yard , allowing LIRR trains to continue to be stored during midday hours. The land parcel is bordered by 30th Street and Chelsea on the south, Twelfth Avenue on the west, 33rd Street and Hell's Kitchen on the north, and Tenth Avenue on the east. Eleventh Avenue runs through the site, and splits the redevelopment project into two phases. Before Phase 2 was built, an underground concrete casing

7906-488: The extension of Midtown Manhattan 's skyscraper development into Hell's Kitchen, at least north of 42nd Street. In 1989, the David Childs - and Frank Williams -designed Worldwide Plaza established a beachhead when it was built at the former Madison Square Garden site, a full city block between 49th and 50th Streets and between Eighth and Ninth Avenues that was exempt from special district zoning rules. This project led

8024-670: The food and service. Pete Wells, in his review of the restaurant, echoed Sutton's criticisms. TAK Room closed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Equinox Hotel in Related's development received a positive review from Vanity Fair . Samantha Lewis praised the hotel for its emphasis on providing guests with "blissful slumber". The hotel's restaurant, Electric Lemon, has received an "underwhelming" review from Pete Wells. In Manhattan West, restaurants including Ci Siamo and Zou Zou's, were given positive reviews by Adam Platt and Ryan Sutton, respectively. Italian Restaurant Legacy Records, located in

8142-490: The foundation is being built by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority , because the subway station is directly underneath; the rest of the building is being built by Moinian Group. The foundation works started May 2016. A groundbreaking ceremony was held November 3, 2017. On June 26, 2014, Joseph Moinian secured a loan for the construction of the building. The firm began "speculative" construction of

8260-411: The harassment, he and his wife made top billing in the 1985 edition of The Village Voice 's annual list, "The Dirty Dozen: New York's Worst Landlords." Most of the tenants eventually settled and moved out of the building. In May 2006, seven tenants remained and court orders protecting the tenants and the building allowed it to remain in a derelict condition even as the surrounding neighborhood

8378-406: The lack of "vibrancy" at the Hudson Yards development, caused by a lack of street-level restaurants. Sutton noted the presence of several chain establishments, such as Sweetgreen and Think Coffee, at street-level in and near the complex, but wrote that "Fast casual isn't known for fostering communal dinnertime bonhomie". In his review, Sutton did express positive anticipation of Mercado Little Spain,

8496-708: The location of West Side Stadium , which was intended as the Olympic stadium for the New York City bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics . After the rejection of the $ 2 billion stadium plan that would also lure the New York Jets to Manhattan, developers made plans, including the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project , to redevelop the West Side with a mix of commercial and residential buildings. 40°47′17″N 73°58′41″W  /  40.788°N 73.978°W  / 40.788; -73.978 This article about

8614-459: The massive residential displacement that this development project would have caused, and the failure of the City to complete any replacement housing, led to opposition to the first project – a new convention center to replace the New York Coliseum . To prevent the convention center from sparking a development boom that would beget the rest of the master plan with its consequent displacement,

8732-451: The master plan contained few proposals, it was very explicit about the bright future of Hell's Kitchen. The plan called for 2,000 to 3,000 new hotel rooms, 25,000 apartments, 25 × 10 ^  sq ft (2,300,000 m ) of office space, a new super liner terminal, a subway along 48th Street, and a convention center to replace what the plan described as "blocks of antiquated and deteriorating structures of every sort." However, outrage at

8850-419: The municipality of New York City, originated in 1959 in an attempt to change the image of the neighborhood by linking the area to DeWitt Clinton Park at 52nd and Eleventh Avenue , named after the 19th century New York governor , though The New York Times noted that those who live in the area "prefer Hell's Kitchen" as the name for the neighborhood. On the island of Manhattan when Europeans first saw it,

8968-457: The name's origins to a German restaurant in the area known as Heil's Kitchen, after its proprietors. But the most common version traces it to the story of "Dutch Fred the Cop", a veteran policeman, who with his rookie partner, was watching a small riot on West 39th Street near Tenth Avenue. The rookie is supposed to have said, "This place is hell itself", to which Fred replied, "Hell's a mild climate. This

9086-522: The northernmost section of the High Line from CSX Transportation . In late 2014, the final phase of the High Line opened. It enters the Hudson Yards site and curves along 30th Street, Twelfth Avenue and 34th Street, with a spur along 30th Street to Tenth Avenue . The High Line is integrated with the Related Development's buildings; for example, 10 Hudson Yards cantilevers over the Spur. Dubbed "High Line at

9204-662: The original name for Rockefeller Center on Sixth Avenue . The neighborhood overlaps Times Square and the Theater District to the east at Eighth Avenue. On its southeast border, it overlaps the Garment District also on Eighth Avenue. Two landmarks are located here – the New Yorker Hotel at 481 Eighth Avenue, and the Manhattan Center building at the northwest corner of 34th Street and Eighth Avenue. Included in

9322-482: The original plan were later dropped. The High Line , an elevated park using the former right-of-way of the southern portion of the West Side railroad line , runs along Hudson Yards' southern and western edges before continuing south to Gansevoort Street in the Meatpacking District ; its northern terminus is at 11th Avenue and 34th Street on the north side of Hudson Yards. In 2012, the city government acquired

9440-449: The original provisions, no building could be demolished unless it was unsound. New developments, conversions, or alterations that create new units or zero bedroom units must contain at least 20% two bedroom apartments with a minimum room size of 168 sq ft (16 m ). Alterations that reduce the percentage of two-bedroom units are not permitted unless the resulting building meets the 20% two-bedroom requirement. Building height in

9558-453: The owner, Alan B. Weissman, tried to empty the building of its tenants. According to former tenants and court papers, rooms were ransacked, doors were ripped out, prostitutes were moved in, and tenants received death threats in the campaign to empty the building. All the major New York newspapers covered the trials that sent the Windermere's managers to jail. Although Weissman was never linked to

9676-450: The platform. Despite its considerable scale, Manhattan West has been referred to as "somewhat eclipsed" and "overshadowed" by the larger Hudson Yards. The project was mostly completed by 2021, and Brookfield held its grand opening on September 28, 2021. The second of the two office buildings, Two Manhattan West, topped out in 2022. Two Manhattan West is scheduled for completion in 2023. In early 2014, real estate firm Massey Knakal announced

9794-575: The population. Hudson Yards is patrolled by the 10th Precinct of the NYPD , located at 230 West 20th Street. The 10th Precinct ranked 61st safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. The 10th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 74.8% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 1 murder, 19 rapes, 81 robberies, 103 felony assaults, 78 burglaries, 744 grand larcenies, and 26 grand larcenies auto in 2018. The Hudson Yards neighborhood

9912-504: The predecessor of Longacre Square , now Times Square . One of the large farms of the colonial era in this neighborhood was that of Andreas Hopper and his descendants, extending from today's 48th Street nearly to 59th Street and from the river east to what is now Sixth Avenue . One of the Hopper farmhouses, built in 1752 for John Hopper the younger, stood near 53rd Street and Eleventh Avenue. Christened "Rosevale" for its extensive gardens, it

10030-715: The project in 2022. Even before the opening of any of the rail yard buildings, many businesses in the area have seen increased profits due to the project's construction. The Hudson Yards redevelopment program catalyzed plans to build new buildings along the future Hudson Boulevard. There has also been a development boom in the vicinity of the rail yard development. In February 2015, the Chetrit Group, headed by Meyer and Joseph Chetrit , announced that it wanted to spend US$ 29 million to expand one Hudson Yards development site to 373,068 sq ft (34,659.2 m). It would add about 200,000 sq ft (19,000 m) of space to

10148-469: The projects made possible by the rezoning is the 28-acre (11 ha) multiuse Hudson Yards real estate development by Related Companies and Oxford Properties , which is being built over the West Side Rail Yard . Construction began in 2012 with the groundbreaking for 10 Hudson Yards , and is projected to be completed by 2024. According to its master plan, created by Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates ,

10266-523: The property to Elad Properties for about $ 43 million. Elad, which formerly owned the Plaza Hotel , built The Link, a luxury 44-story building, at that location. In 2003, the New York City Department of City Planning issued a master plan that envisioned the creation of 40,000,000 sq ft (3,700,000 m ) of commercial and residential development, two corridors of open space. Dubbed

10384-403: The proposals for a link to Penn Station was pursued successfully, for example, the ill-fated West Side Transitway. No changes to the zoning policy happened until 1990, when the city rezoned a small segment of 11th Avenue near the Javits Center. In 1993, part of 9th Avenue between 35th and 41st Streets was also rezoned. However, neither of these rezonings was particularly significant, as most of

10502-507: The proposals for a link to Penn Station were pursued successfully (for example, the ill-fated West Side Transitway). No changes to the zoning happened until 1990, when the city rezoned a small segment of 11th Avenue across the street from the Javits Center. However, as most of the area was still zoned for manufacturing and low-rise apartment buildings, the rezoning did not spur development. The Hell's Kitchen community's 1973 proposal for major office and residential development south of 42nd Street

10620-408: The rail yard from the bankrupt Penn Central in 1975. Facing political opposition and the severe fiscal crisis of the 1970s, the City and State eventually chose the rail yard site when the 44th Street site proved to be too expensive. However Trump's offer to build the convention center was rejected. In 1987 the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) converted the remainder of the rail yard into

10738-409: The rail yards, including for the two platforms over the yards to support 15 acres (6.1 ha) of public spaces, four office buildings, and ten high-rise residential towers. However, just two months later, the deal broke down due to the 2007–2008 financial crisis . Subsequently, the MTA chose the Related Companies and Goldman Sachs to develop Hudson Yards under the same conditions. In December 2009,

10856-421: The river at 54th Street, was Mott's Point, with an 18th-century Mott family house surrounded by gardens, that was inhabited by members of the family until 1884 and survived until 1895. A lone surviving structure from the time this area was open farmland and suburban villas is a pre-1800s carriage house that once belonged to a villa owned by former Vice President and New York State governor George Clinton , now in

10974-514: The river for shipping products and dumping waste. The neighborhood that would later be known as Hell's Kitchen started forming in the southern part of the 22nd Ward in the mid-19th century. Irish immigrants – mostly refugees from the Great Famine  – found work on the docks and railroad along the Hudson River and established shantytowns there. After the American Civil War , there

11092-401: The river, were purchased before 1807 by John Jacob Astor and William Cutting , who held it before dividing it into building lots as the district became more suburban. The West Side later had its own slaughterhouses, which went out of business in the middle 20th century. There were multiple changes that helped Hell's Kitchen integrate with New York City proper. The first was construction of

11210-458: The southern boundary is Chelsea . The Hudson Yards neighborhood overlaps with Hell's Kitchen, and the areas are often lumped together as "West Midtown", given their proximity to the Midtown Manhattan business district. The traditional dividing line with Chelsea is 34th Street. The area between the rail corridor at Pennsylvania Station and the West Side Yard and 42nd Street, and east of

11328-539: The structure the " New York Sports and Convention Center ." This effort, led by Deputy Mayor Daniel Doctoroff , was unpopular with both the public and politicians. Consequently, the City Council insisted that financing for the city's broader rezoning plans not be used to subsidize the rail yard stadium. In June 2005, the stadium proposal was defeated, and after the International Olympic Committee awarded

11446-514: The transition area on Eighth Avenue are the Port Authority Bus Terminal at 42nd Street , the Pride of Midtown fire station (from which an entire shift, 15 firefighters, died at the World Trade Center ), several theatres including Studio 54 , the original soup stand of Seinfeld ' s " The Soup Nazi ", and the Hearst Tower . The northern edge of Hell's Kitchen borders the southern edge of

11564-402: The two companies. Its patch reads "Pride of Midtown" and "Never Missed a Performance". Memorials dot the station's exterior walls and a granite memorial is in a park to its north. Ladder 21, the "Pride of Hell's Kitchen", located on 38th Street between Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and stationed with Engine Co. 34, lost seven firefighters on September 11. In addition, on September 11, Engine Co. 26

11682-450: The west. 50 Hudson Yards and 55 Hudson Yards are respectively located on the east and west side of the block. Work on the foundation of the 985 ft-tall (300 m) 50 Hudson Yards began in May 2018. The 780 ft-tall (240 m) 55 Hudson Yards started construction on January 22, 2015, and topped out in August 2017. Brookfield , a Canadian asset manager, developed the second-largest project in Hudson Yards. Dubbed "Manhattan West"

11800-506: The western phase of the project originally called for up to seven residential towers, an office building at 33rd Street and Eleventh Avenue tentatively known as "West Tower", and a school serving Pre-K to eighth grade students. Reporting in September 2022 by The New York Times and Bloomberg indicate that Related may build a casino and resort in partnership with Wynn Resorts instead of the originally proposed mixed-use complex. The third phase of

11918-514: The western portion of the rail yard; this was reserved for the proposed West Side Stadium , which would have been built as part of the New York City bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics . At the conclusion of the Olympics, the stadium would have been used by the New York Jets. When not in use for football, the covered stadium would be a venue for conventions at the Javits Center, and so proposers dubbed

12036-412: Was an influx of people who moved to New York City. The tenements that were built became overcrowded quickly. Many who lived in this congested, poverty-stricken area turned to gang life. Following Prohibition , implemented in 1919, the district's many warehouses were ideal locations for bootleg distilleries for the rumrunners who controlled illicit liquor. At the start of the 20th century, the neighborhood

12154-510: Was built for Amtrak 's future Gateway Project under the Hudson River. Construction started in December 2014 and was nearing completion as of July 2017, though funding disputes stalled the tunnel box's completion. Phase 1, the eastern phase, contains two office towers on Tenth Avenue, plus a retail podium between them. The southern tower is the 52-story, 895 ft (273 m) 10 Hudson Yards , which opened in 2016. The other tower on Tenth Avenue

12272-412: Was constructed in Hell's Kitchen, the surrounding area was still largely tenements. After the repeal of Prohibition , many of the organized crime elements moved into other rackets, such as illegal gambling and union shakedowns. The postwar era was characterized by a flourishing waterfront, and longshoreman work was plentiful. By the end of the 1970s, the implementation of containerized shipping led to

12390-536: Was controlled by gangs, including the violent Gopher Gang led by One Lung Curran and later by Owney Madden . Early gangs, like the Hell's Kitchen Gang, transformed into organized crime entities, around the same time that Owney Madden became one of the most powerful mobsters in New York. It became known as the "most dangerous area on the American Continent". By the 1930s, when the McGraw-Hill Building

12508-554: Was experiencing a dramatic burst of demolition and redevelopment. In September 2007, the fire department evacuated the remaining seven residents from the building, citing dangerous conditions, and padlocked the front door. In 2008, the New York Supreme Court ruled that the owners of the building, who include the TOA Construction Corporation of Japan, must repair it. By the 1980s the area south of 42nd Street

12626-435: Was finally realized when all impediments to development were addressed. In 2003, the New York City Department of City Planning issued a master plan that envisioned the creation of 40,000,000 sq ft (3,700,000 m) of commercial and residential development, two corridors of open space – one between Eleventh Avenue and Tenth Avenue, and another network of open space between Ninth Avenue and Tenth Avenue to create

12744-433: Was in decline. Both the state and the city hoped that the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center would renew the area. Hotels, restaurants, apartment buildings, and television studios were proposed. One proposal included apartments and hotels on a 30 acres (12 ha) pier jutting out onto Hudson River, which included a marina , ferry slip , stores, restaurants, and a performing arts center . At Ninth Avenue and 33rd Street,

12862-501: Was later purchased by Tishman Speyer on April 30, 2014, along with two adjacent properties for a total space of 2,850,000 sq ft (265,000 m). The plans for The Spire were later replaced with plans designed by Bjarke Ingels Group , dubbed The Spiral. The building started construction in June 2018, and topped-out in January 2021. On October 24th, 2023, Bjarke Ingles Group announced

12980-414: Was originally developed as an "interim walkway", with further construction occurring in 2015. There are entrances to the High Line from within the rail-yard development. The Hudson Yards development is being built by Related Companies on top of a large platform bordered by 10th and 12th Avenues and by 30th and 33rd Streets. Construction on the platform began in 2014. The platform was to be constructed over

13098-528: Was similar to a neighborhood plan produced by architect Meta Brunzema and environmental planner Daniel Gutman for the Hell's Kitchen Neighborhood Association (HKNA). The main concept of the HKNA plan was to allow major new development while protecting the existing residential core area between Ninth and Tenth avenues. To help facilitate development, the city's plan called for extending the IRT Flushing Line to

13216-402: Was supposed to begin in mid-2014 or 2015, with the building's completion planned for 2017. Completion was rescheduled for 2022. The building, directly across Eleventh Avenue from the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center , would abut the secondary entrance to the new 34th Street – Hudson Yards subway station, built as part of the New York City Subway 's 7 Subway Extension project. Consequently,

13334-459: Was temporarily stationed with Engine Co. 34/Ladder Co. 21 and lost many firefighters themselves. Hell's Kitchen has become an increasingly upscale neighborhood of affluent young professionals as well as residents from the "old days", with rents in the neighborhood having increased dramatically above the average in Manhattan. It has also acquired a large and diverse community as residents have moved north from Chelsea . Zoning has long restricted

13452-607: Was the home base of the Westies , an Irish mob aligned with the Gambino crime family . In the early 1980s widespread gentrification began to alter the demographics of the longtime working-class Irish American neighborhood. The 1980s saw an end to the Westies' reign of terror, when the gang lost all of its power after the RICO convictions of most of its principals in 1986. Although the neighborhood

13570-473: Was the home of the War of 1812 veteran, Gen. Garrit Hopper Striker, and lasted until 1896, when it was demolished. The site was purchased for the city and naturalistically landscaped by Samuel Parsons Jr. as DeWitt Clinton Park . In 1911, New York Hospital bought a full city block largely of the Hopper property, between 54th and 55th Streets, Eleventh and Twelfth Avenues . Beyond the railroad track, projecting into

13688-478: Was topped out in February 2018. 35 Hudson Yards, a mixed-use skyscraper located to the north of 15 Hudson Yards, was topped out in June 2018. Phase 1 also includes a 7-story mall called Shops & Restaurants of Hudson Yards. Phase 1 opened on March 15, 2019. The western portion of the yard is bordered by 30th Street and 33rd Street in the north and south, and Eleventh and Twelfth avenues in the east and west. Plans for

13806-586: Was unique in several aspects, including the fact that it included a construction mezzanine loan, that Coach was a lender on both the debt and equity sides, and that the MTA reused a "severable lease" structure (previously used by Battery Park City ) that allowed for the loans. A portion of the project was also financed by the EB-5 investment program , which provides a path for immigrants to become green card holders after investing capital in project which employs American workers. The M12 and M34 SBS serve 34th Street, and

13924-658: Was withdrawn in late 2021. The Related development Hudson Yards, within the broader Hudson Yards area, has received negative attention for its inability to blend into the city and its architectural character. The Related development has been cited in opposition to other, similar projects. Justin Davidson, in an article about the Manhattan West's opening for New York , compared the Brookfield development favorably to Related's Hudson Yards, writing that Manhattan West "[...] feels like

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