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73-566: 40°06′19″S 71°40′11″W  /  40.10528°S 71.66972°W  / -40.10528; -71.66972 This Los Ríos Region location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Chile is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a place in Neuquén Province , Argentina is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

146-427: A " creative destruction " for farmers of Southern Chile. A large area of former pastures and cultivated fields around the lower course of Cruces River was permanently flooded as a result of c. 2 m of subsidence caused by the earthquake. Over the years the new wetlands were colonized chiefly by Egeria densa ( Spanish : luchecillo ). Egeria densa and other plants created a rich aquatic ecosystem that attracted

219-400: A 5.5 km-long fissure on 135° heading where 21 individual vents have been found. These vents produced an output of about 0.25 km DRE both in form of lava flows and tephra . The eruption ended on 22 July 59 days later. As a result of an evacuation plan, there were no reported human deaths associated with the eruption. The levels of material damage were relatively low despite

292-461: A few others. The hospital of Valdivia, built in 1939, suffered major damage and patients had to be evacuated. The United States quickly set up a field hospital following the earthquake. Aided by the United States, a geological survey of Valdivia was done following the earthquake and resulted in the city's first geological map. Mexico built and donated the public school Escuela México after

365-646: A long-term policy after the earthquake. As a result of the earthquake, an international technological cooperation programme was established in the dairy sector. More specifically, the German and Danish governments helped to create the Centro Tecnológico de la Leche (the Milk Technological Centre) in the Southern University of Chile . The scholar Erik Dahmén believes that the earthquake resulted in

438-423: A permanent bird fauna, notably black-necked swans . The protected area of Carlos Anwandter Nature Sanctuary was created in 1981 to protect the ecosystem. A whole neighbourhood of Corral , Corral Bajo was wiped by the tsunami, while the nearby upper area, Corral Alto, suffered the loss of about 20 to 30% of its houses. Among the material loses were a series stilt houses between Corral Bajo and Amargos. After

511-638: A referendum held in 2006 the residents of that province rejected the idea. Los Ríos Region lies in the southern temperate zone and in a tectonically active milieu. Four distinct landscape types, or morphological units, can be distinguished in the region. These are from west to east; the Coastal Range , the Intermediate Depression , the Precordillera and the Andes . These units are oriented parallel to

584-538: A river in Argentina is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Los R%C3%ADos Region The Los Ríos Region (Spanish: Región de Los Ríos , pronounced [los ˈri.os] , lit. Region of the Rivers ) is one of Chile 's 16 regions , the country's first-order administrative divisions . Its capital is Valdivia . It began to operate as a region on October 2, 2007, having been created by subdividing

657-686: Is a tectonic depression in the Coast Range connected to Valdivia by Cruces River and the second is the continuation of the Intermediate Depression that re-opens south of Máfil. The flatlands and mayor river valleys form large, open, cultural landscapes used as grassing meadows or for growing crops. The Precordillera is a narrow band characterized by hosting a large number of deep glacial piedmont lakes that are dammed by moraines . These lakes intersect forested granitic mountain massifs of up to 1500 m, such as Cordillera Negra and Cerros de Quimán. The Precordilleran hills and mountains have step slopes to

730-526: Is cut by Valdivia and Bueno Rivers , deeply incised rivers that drains the inland. Most of the Coast is covered by native Valdivian temperate rain forest , although it has in some parts been substituted by plantations of exotic species , specially Douglas firs and eucalyptus . Two great agricultural flatlands exist in the region, the Mariquina valley and Los Llanos of La Unión and Río Bueno . The first one

803-459: Is known in Patagonia the term " Bosque Valdiviano" referring to the primitive virgin forest found in the cordillera valleys of Valdivia which include dense masses of native trees. These Forest are present in some parts of Northern Patagonia both in Chile and Argentina. In the last census, of 2017, Los Ríos Region (then Valdivia Province) registered a population of 380,181 inhabitants. By this number

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876-514: Is of 13.4%. The population of Los Ríos has a relatively high percentage of people who self-identify as indigenous of 11.3% it means 40,515 persons. To compare, the national average is of 4.58%. It has a large German presence alike the nearby Los Lagos Region . See also German colonization of Valdivia, Osorno and Llanquihue In the beginning of the Chilean Republic, Valdivia was one of the original eight provinces established. The reason for

949-641: Is the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault that crosses the whole region from north to south allowing numerous valleys to develop above it. The Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault is tectonically active causing minor tremors and is also believed responsible by geologists for the alignment of the volcanoes of the southern section of the Southern Volcanic Zone. Along Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault there are several hotsprings such as Liquiñe , Chihuío , Termas Geométricas , Termas Vergara and Termas de Coñaripe . The region owes its name to

1022-482: The 2016 Chiloé earthquake hints that it did not release all the potential slip in that segment of the plate interface. The 1960 Chilean earthquakes were a sequence of strong earthquakes that affected Chile between 21 May and 6 June 1960, centered in the Araucanía , Aysén , and Bío Bío regions of the country. The first three quakes, all registering in the planet's top 10 by magnitude for 1960 , are grouped together as

1095-531: The Chiloé Archipelago (44° S). Rupture velocity, the speed at which a rupture front expands across the surface of the fault, has been estimated as 3.5 km (2.2 mi) per second. The average slip across all 27 Nazca subfaults was estimated to be 11 m , with 25–30 m of slip 200–500 km south of the epicenter on offshore subfaults. While the Valdivia earthquake was extraordinarily large,

1168-512: The Great Chilean earthquake in 1960, Valdivia fell deeper into decline. Much of the city was destroyed and many people left the city. In 1974 the military junta reorganized the political divisions of Chile deciding that Valdivia was no longer adequate to be a "first class administrative territory" capital. Hence, it was reclassified into a province within Los Lagos Region and Puerto Montt

1241-677: The Liquiñe-Ofqui fault had a M w  9.07 strike-slip subevent along with the M w  9.37 main thrust sub-event which could help account for how the plate boundary event seemingly "overspent" its tectonic budget. In other words, the previous and current more widely accepted explanation for the earthquake involves the Peru-Chile Trench slipping further than its accumulated slip deficit (the amount of slip available for an earthquake) should allow. The alternative explanation, with two faults slipping nearly simultaneously, could help explain

1314-491: The Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault . Some of these areas remain sparsely vegetated while others have naturally developed more or less pure stands of Nothofagus dombeyi . These landslides did not cause many fatalities nor significant economic losses because most of the areas were uninhabited, with only minor roads. One landslide caused destruction and alarm following its blockage of the outflow of Riñihue Lake (see below). About 100 km (62 mi) south of Riñihue Lake, landslides in

1387-520: The Los Lagos Region in southern Chile. It consists of two provinces: Valdivia and the newly created Ranco Province , which was formerly part of Valdivia Province. The region's economy is based on forestry, cattle farming, tourism, manufacturing, and services. Key industries include the Valdivia Pulp Mill , Valdivia's shipyards , and the dairy facilities located in La Unión . The population of

1460-523: The Southern Volcanic Zone of Andes, whose current activity front is located about 200 km west from the main Andean cordillera, this makes volcanoes stand out as isolated snow-covered cones of more than 2000 m, above the lower mountains that rarely pass the 1500 m. The main cordillera makes up the continental divide and are therefore according to the 1881 Argentina-Chile treaty the border between

1533-629: The Valdivia River , sank after being moved 1.5 km (0.93 mi) backward and forward in the river; as of 2005, its mast was still visible from the road to Niebla . Soil subsidence also destroyed buildings, deepened local rivers and created wetlands in such places as the Río Cruces and Chorocomayo , a new aquatic park north of the city. Extensive areas of the city were flooded. The electricity and water systems of Valdivia were totally destroyed. Witnesses reported underground water flowing up through

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1606-476: The 1960 Concepción earthquakes. The first of these was the 8.1 M w Concepción earthquake at 06:02 UTC-4 on 21 May 1960. Its epicenter was near Curanilahue . Telecommunications to southern Chile were cut off and President Jorge Alessandri cancelled the traditional ceremony of the Battle of Iquique memorial holiday to oversee the emergency assistance efforts. The second and third Concepción earthquakes occurred

1679-433: The 1960s the autumn of 1960 in southern Chile was not particularly dry nor warm. The tsunami that struck the coast of southern Chile destroyed seaside farms, killing numerous livestock and people. Barns and industrial structures were destroyed by the quake. The dairy industry was among the few industries of the affected zone that received subsidies and investment after the earthquake. It received state support through

1752-592: The Andes consist of old granitic plutons such as the Panguipulli Batholith and the North Patagonian Batholith together with volcanics and some minor areas of sediments and metasediments . As result of the minimal Andean mountainbuilding the mountains shows little rejuvenation and are mostly shaped by erosive agents, specially glaciers. An exception to this are the several volcanoes that rises east of

1825-479: The Andes in a strip running from Lota (37° S) southwards. The area of intensities of VII or more did not penetrate into the Central Valley north of Lleulleu Lake (38° S) and south of Castro (42.5° S). Two days after the earthquake Cordón Caulle , a volcanic vent close to Puyehue volcano , erupted. Other volcanoes may also have erupted, but none were recorded because of the lack of communication in Chile at

1898-567: The Los Ríos Region stand out, such as Maha Vial , Iván Espinoza Riesco, José Baroja , Aldo Astete Cuadra, Efraín Miranda Cárdenas, to name a few. The International Sculpture Symposium of Valdivia is cataloged as one of the most important events in Chile and one of the most prestigious in Latin America. The Valdivia International Jazz Festival was born in July 2000. Today it is considered

1971-468: The Roman numeral designation, currently used in Chile, this region is number XIV (fourteenth). However, steps are being taken to no longer refer to the regions by numbers. When the new region was considered by Congress, Osorno made several proposals: It was proposed that Osorno Province join as the third province of the new region, instead of remaining the fourth province of Los Lagos Region , however, in

2044-479: The city of Valdivia near the coast. As the San Pedro River was blocked, the water level of Riñihue Lake started to rise quickly. Each meter the water level rose was equivalent to 20 million cubic meters, which meant that 480 million cubic meters of water would release into the San Pedro River (easily overpowering its flow capacity of 400 cubic metres (14,000 cu ft) per second if it rose above

2117-550: The coast and the subduction zone there. An exception to this are the eastern hills in Mariquina and Máfil that despite belonging to the Coast Range system adrift eastwards and comes very close to the Precordillera cutting the Intermediate Depression in two. The Coastal Cordillera does not exceed the 1000 m in height being Cerro Oncol (715 m) the highest point in the section north of Valdivia River . The Coast Range

2190-600: The coast, mainly the foot of the Chilean Coast Range , and the shores of Llanquihue Lake . A seiche (type of standing wave) of more than 1 meter was observed on Panguipulli Lake following the earthquake. On 22 May, a seiche occurred also in Nahuel Huapi Lake , on the Argentine side of the Andes , more than 200 km away from Valdivia. The wave, most likely produced by an earthquake-triggered sediment slide at

2263-568: The coastal town of Queule , a carabinero reported hundreds of people dead or missing some days after the tsunami. Historians Yoselin Jaramillo and Ismael Basso report that people in Queule decades later know about 50 people to have died because of the earthquake and tsunami. The earthquake triggered numerous landslides , mainly in the steep glacial valleys of the southern Andes . Within the Andes, most landslides occurred on forested mountain slopes around

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2336-484: The earthquake destroyed Valdivia's flood barriers, general land subsidence exposed new areas to flooding. Parts of the botanical garden of the Austral University of Chile that were next to Cau-Cau River and the city's southern outskirts along Route 206 were permanently flooded. The earthquakes damaged an area that had suffered a long period of economic decline, which began with shifts in trade routes due to

2409-450: The earthquake many families in Corral relocated to the neighbourhood of La Aguada. The economy of the coastal town of Queule had during the 1950s developed significantly. Its economy based on fishing, agriculture and industry had grown. Queule was connected by road in 1957 to the rest of the country and the town had developed into a balneario (resort town). This era of prosperity ended with

2482-557: The earthquake. Valdivia's bridges suffered only minor damage. The damage caused to Calle-Calle Bridge led to its temporary closure after the earthquake, with traffic redirected to Teja Island through Caucau River where people crossed it on boats and, reportedly, also a rudimentary and temporary wooden bridge. Land subsidence in Corral Bay improved navigability as shoal banks, produced earlier by sediments from Madre de Dios and other nearby gold mines, sank and were compacted. As

2555-433: The earthquake. Between two sparsely populated and isolated Andean valleys, the eruption had few eyewitnesses and received little attention by local media, which was preoccupied with the severe and widespread damage and losses caused by the earthquake. The eruption was first noticed and reported as an explosion by the crew of a United States Air Force plane that was heading to Santiago from Puerto Montt . The eruption fed

2628-514: The expansion of railroads in southern Chile and the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. Unlike Valdivia, Osorno was saved from major destruction. In Osorno only about 20 houses were totally destroyed, although many firewalls and chimneys collapsed. Puerto Montt , a major city today, had in the early 1960s about 49,500 inhabitants. The bulk of the damage in Puerto Montt was located in

2701-705: The fault would have moved as a consequence of the 22 May Valdivia earthquake. Earthquake-induced tsunamis affected southern Chile, Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, China, eastern New Zealand , southeast Australia, and the Aleutian Islands . Some localized tsunamis severely battered the Chilean coast, with waves up to 25 m (82 ft). The main tsunami crossed the Pacific Ocean at a speed of several hundred km/h and devastated Hilo, Hawaii , killing 61 people. Most of

2774-472: The final, 24-meter-high dam. This potential disaster would have violently flooded all the settlements along the course of the river in less than five hours, with more dire consequences if the dam suddenly broke. About 100,000 people lived in the affected zone. Plans were made to evacuate Valdivia, and many people left. To avoid the destruction of the city, several military units and hundreds of workers from ENDESA , CORFO , and MOP started an effort to control

2847-491: The high magnitude of the earthquake. Part of the reason behind this was the limited infrastructure development of the region next to the rupture zone. Structures that had been designed to resist earthquakes performed well during the earthquake, chiefly suffering damage when affected by soil subsidence or small fault movements. Houses built by their owners fared badly. In the regions of Maule and Bío Bío , houses built from adobe and masonry proved weak, while from Araucanía to

2920-398: The incident. As of 2000, the remnants of Canelo were still visible. Santiago , another ship anchored at Corral at the time of the quake, managed to leave Corral in a bad state but was wrecked off the coast of Mocha Island on 24 May. The schooner La Milagrosa departed from Queule on 22 May to load a cargo of Fitzroya wood shingles in a small port south of Corral. La Milagrosa

2993-414: The incorporation was not so much the value of Valdivia, per se , but to minimize the threat to Chilean independence posed by Spaniards in the territory. As German Chilean immigrants arrived in the city during the mid 19th century, the local economy started to develop industries. By 1900, Valdivia was the third most industrialized city in Chile, however, a period of decline started with the world wars. After

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3066-638: The lake bottom, killed two people and destroyed a pier in San Carlos de Bariloche city. During the Great Chilean earthquake, several landslides west of Tralcán Mountain blocked the outflow of Riñihue Lake . Riñihue Lake is the lowest of the Seven Lakes chain and receives a constant inflow from the Enco River . The blocked San Pedro River , which drains the lake, passes through several towns before reaching

3139-505: The lake. Twenty-seven bulldozers were put into service, but they had severe difficulties moving in the mud near the dams, so dykes had to be constructed with shovels from June onwards. The work was not restricted to the lake; drainages from other parts of the Seven Lakes were dammed to minimize additional flow into Riñihue Lake. These dams were removed later, with the exception of Calafquén Lake , which still retains its dam. By 23 June,

3212-467: The lowlands, which absorbed great amounts of energy. Many city blocks with destroyed buildings in the city center remained empty until the 1990s and 2000s, with some of them still used as parking lots . Before the earthquake, some of these blocks had modern concrete buildings built after the Great Valdivia fire of 1909. Around the main city square most buildings collapsed except for Edificio Prales and

3285-488: The magnitude lower than 9.4. It occurred in the afternoon (19:11 GMT , 15:11 local time), and lasted 10 minutes. The resulting tsunamis affected southern Chile , Hawaii , Japan , the Philippines , eastern New Zealand , southeast Australia , and the Aleutian Islands . The epicenter of this megathrust earthquake was near Lumaco , approximately 570 kilometres (350 mi) south of Santiago , with Valdivia being

3358-461: The main dam had been lowered from 24 to 15 m (79 to 49 ft), allowing 3 billion cubic metres of water to leave the lake gradually, but still with considerable destructive power. The team was led by ENDESA engineer Raúl Sáez . On 24 May, 38 hours after the main shock of the 1960 Valdivia earthquake, the Cordón Caulle volcano erupted. The eruption was believed to have been triggered by

3431-411: The main port of Valdivia, the water level rose 4 m (13 ft) before it began to recede. At 16:20 UTC-4, a wave of 8 m (26 ft) struck the Chilean coast, mainly between Concepción and Chiloé. Another wave measuring 10 m (33 ft) was reported ten minutes later. Hundreds of people were already reported dead by the time the tsunami struck. One ship, Canelo , starting at the mouth of

3504-623: The main rivers. The Valdivia International Film Festival (FICV) is the most important film event in Chile, one of the most important worldwide and in Latin America. It has been held since 1994, generally during the month of October. The Valdivia Book Fair is organized annually by the Municipal Cultural Corporation of the city, with the support of the Government of Los Ríos, in the Saval Park. In this context, several authors born in

3577-460: The most affected city. The tremor caused localised tsunamis that severely battered the Chilean coast, with waves up to 25 metres (82 ft). The main tsunami traveled across the Pacific Ocean and devastated Hilo, Hawaii , where waves as high as 10.7 metres (35 ft) were recorded over 10,000 kilometres (6,200 mi) from the epicenter. The death toll and monetary losses arising from this widespread disaster are not certain. Various estimates of

3650-441: The mountains around Golgol River caused the river to dam up; when it burst through the earthen dam, it created a flood down to Puyehue Lake . The Golgol landslides destroyed parts of international Route 215-CH , which connects to Bariloche in Argentina through Cardenal Antonio Samoré Pass . While most landslides clustered around north–south strips in the Andes, other areas that were affected by large numbers of landslides were

3723-418: The neighborhood of Barrio Modelo and the northern part of Bahía Angelmó , where artificial fills subsided. Angelmó and other coastal areas of Puerto Montt were among the few urban areas that suffered "total destruction" by the earthquake. After the earthquake a myth related the unusually warm and clear weather conditions prior to the earthquake to its triggering. When compared with the years that followed in

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3796-646: The next day at 06:32 UTC-4 (7.1 M w ) and 14:55 UTC-4 (7.8 M w ) on 22 May. These earthquakes formed a southward migrating foreshock sequence to the main Valdivia shock, which occurred just 15 minutes after the third event. The earthquake interrupted and effectively ended a protest by coal miners from Lota , who were attempting to march to Concepción to demand higher salaries. The Valdivia earthquake occurred at 15:11 UTC-4 on 22 May, and affected all of Chile between Talca and Chiloé Island , more than 400,000 square kilometres (150,000 sq mi). Coastal villages, such as Toltén , were struck. At Corral ,

3869-624: The north and south as the main direction of the Quaternary glaciers where from east to west. Many lake shores are cleared lands where agriculture, settlements and resort areas develop. The proper Andes extends from the eastern half of the Precordillean lakes to the border with Neuquén Province in Argentina . The Andes in this part of Chile, the Zona Sur , has almost escaped the Andean orogenesis . Here

3942-534: The northwest corner of Llanquihue Lake . Puerto Octay was the center of a north–south elliptical area in the Central Valley , where the intensity was at the highest outside the Valdivia Basin. East of Puerto Octay, in a hotel in Todos los Santos Lake , stacked dishes were reported to have remained in place. With the exception of poor building sites, the zone of Mercalli scales intensities of VII or more all lay west of

4015-509: The oldest festival in Chile and one of the most important in this musical genre in the Southern Cone. Great Chilean earthquake The 1960 Valdivia earthquake and tsunami (Spanish: Terremoto de Valdivia ) or the Great Chilean earthquake ( Gran terremoto de Chile ) on 22 May 1960 was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded . Most studies have placed it at 9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale , while some studies have placed

4088-460: The piedmont lakes, this volcanoes are among the most active in Chile and as result their form are influenced by the eruptions; either in constructive manner such as Villarrica Volcano or more destructive like Quetrupillán . The fact that these volcanoes have the ability to build up cones and rise again after erosion and explosive eruptions makes many of them the highest mountains in the region and Zona Sur . The volcanoes of Los Ríos Regions belong to

4161-415: The region is ranked 10th among Chile's 16 regions and has a share of 2.35% of the national total. The regions rural population represents 32% of the total, which is explained by the fact that almost half of the population lives in the city of Valdivia and that the cities of Río Bueno and La Unión have together 50,000 inhabitants. This percentage of rural population is well above the national average which

4234-473: The region was 380,181 according to the 2017 census. Approximately half of the population lives in the commune of Valdivia. The capital of Los Rios Region is Valdivia . The region's 12 communes are distributed between 2 provinces. These are: Valdivia is part of Northern Patagonia as its wild virgin forest embrace the Patagonian Cordillera following the river Calle Calle down to the Pacific Ocean. It

4307-464: The river network that converge in Valdivia River at the city of Valdivia . These rivers drain most of northern Los Ríos Region as well as parts of Araucanía Region and Neuquén Province in Argentina . A second large river, Bueno River is responsible for the draining of the southern parts of the region including Ranco Lake , Chile's 4th largest lake. Bueno River and its tributary Pilmaiquén River also drain large areas of Osorno Province and form

4380-453: The salvaged remnants of Penco . Canelo was anchored at Corral when the quake struck, filling a cargo of wood and other products destined for northern Chile. The engine of Canelo was warmed up after the earthquake. After hours of drifting around in Corral Bay and Valdivia River, the ship was wrecked and subsequently abandoned by its crew at 1800 local time. Two men on board Canelo died in

4453-567: The soil . Despite the heavy rains of 21 May, the city was without a water supply. The river turned brown with sediment from landslides and was full of floating debris, including entire houses. The lack of potable water became a serious problem in one of Chile's rainiest regions. The earthquake did not strike all the territory with the same strength; measured with the Mercalli scale, tectonically depressed areas suffered heavier damage. The two most affected areas were Valdivia and Puerto Octay , near

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4526-627: The south weak houses were mainly those built with inappropriate wood that had decayed over time. It has been estimated that about 40 percent of the houses in Valdivia were destroyed, leaving 20,000 people homeless. The most affected structures were those built of concrete, which in some cases collapsed completely, because they were not built using modern earthquake engineering. Traditional wooden houses fared better; although many were uninhabitable if they did not collapse. Houses built upon elevated areas suffered considerably less damage compared to those on

4599-467: The southern boundary of the region. These two big river systems receive a continuous inflow of water due to being fed by lakes and lake chains in the Andes. Valdivia River is provided by the Seven Lakes chain plus Lácar Lake and Bueno River from Ranco , Maihue and Puyehue Lake . The large lakes in the interior are fed by rainwater and snow melt from the higher mountains. Glaciers and semipermanent snow patches have relatively low share flow volume of

4672-521: The time. The relatively low death toll in Chile (5,700) is explained in part by the low population density in the region, and by building practices that took into account the area's high geological activity. Earthquake lights were reported in Purén . One of the main aftershocks occurred on 6 June in Aysén Region . This magnitude 7.7 earthquake probably occurred along the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault , meaning that

4745-477: The total number of fatalities from the earthquake and tsunamis have been published, ranging between 1,000 and 6,000 killed. Different sources have estimated the monetary cost ranged from US$ 400   million to $ 800   million (or US$ 4.1   billion to $ 8.2   billion in 2023, adjusted for inflation). Chile is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire , a known zone of high seismicity. The earthquake

4818-434: The true mechanism of the earthquake. Subduction zones are known to produce the strongest earthquakes on Earth, as their particular structure allows more stress to build up before energy is released. Geophysicists consider it a matter of time before this earthquake will be surpassed in magnitude by another. The earthquake's rupture zone was ≈ 800 km (500 mi) long, stretching from Arauco (37° S) to below

4891-491: The tsunami swell penetrated along Calle-Calle River as far as Huellelhue putting afloat piles of firewood that lay in the fields. After the 21 May Concepción earthquake, people in Ancud sought refuge in boats. A carabinero (police) boat, Gloria , was towing a few of these boats when the second earthquake struck on 22 May. As the sea regressed Gloria became stranded between Cerro Guaiguén and Cochinos Island . The stranded boat

4964-562: The tsunami-related deaths in Japan occurred in the northeast Sanriku region of Honshu . The Chilean coast was devastated by a tsunami from Mocha Island (38° S) to Aysén Region (45° S). Across southern Chile, the tsunami caused huge loss of life, damage to port infrastructure, and the loss of many small boats. Further north, the port of Talcahuano did not suffer any major damage, only some flooding. Some tugboats and small sailboats were stranded on Rocuant Island near Talcahuano. In Valdivia

5037-554: The two nations. Faults and glacier action have however made a gap at the site of Huahum Pass where waters from the eastern Argentine slopes drains westward to the Pacific Mountains at the cordillera may reach at most some 2000 m in height. Andean valleys of Los Ríos Region are deep and broad and either used for raising cattle or for wood lodging, as well as tourism and protection of biodiversity . These glacial valleys are placed above old Miocene rivers and faults. The chief fault

5110-594: Was a megathrust earthquake resulting from the release of mechanical stress between the subducting Nazca plate and South American plate on the Peru–Chile Trench , off the coast of southern Chile. Because of its geography, Chile remains one of the most seismically active countries in the world. The focus of the earthquake was relatively shallow at 33 km (21 mi), considering that earthquakes in northern Chile and Argentina may reach depths of 70 km (43 mi). A 2019 research paper postulates that

5183-640: Was battered by the currents and waves of the tsunami for four days while moving south. Outside Corral the crew rescued six nearly unconscious and dehydrated children on board two boats. The boats found were used to navigate in Valdivia River and Corral Bay but had drifted into the high sea. The coastal localities of Mississippi and Mehuín were struck by the tsunami causing the loss of fishing boats. 150 boats, most of them used for fishing are reported to have "disappeared" in Mehuín. Some kilometres north of Mahuín at

5256-463: Was designated capital. Valdivians greatly resented this decision because they felt they were better suited to be the capital than Puerto Montt, holding forth the following arguments: On October 19, 2005 Chilean President Ricardo Lagos signed a bill allowing for the creation of Los Ríos Region ("The Rivers Region"). The bill was approved by Congress on December 19, 2006; it was signed into law on March 16, 2007 and published on April 5, 2007. According to

5329-499: Was wrecked when a tsunami wave engulfed it. All the new infrastructure of the small port of Bahía Mansa was destroyed by the tsunami, which reached heights of up to 10 metres above sea level there. The boat Isabella in Bahía Mansa quickly left the port but lost its anchors. In the Valdivia River and Corral Bay , several vessels were wrecked by the earthquake, among them Argentina , Canelo , Carlos Haverbeck , Melita , and

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