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29-593: In 1927, Emmanuel Michele Martinez, a manager of hotels in London and Paris and the director of the Cannes Luxury Hotel Association, decided to build his own hotel on the Côte d'Azur . Using the connections his family had with nobility, Martinez bought the "Villa Marie-Therese" on September 22, 1927, from Alfonso XII . The Hotel Martinez opened in 1929. Karan Singh the crown prince of Jammu and Kashmir , and later

58-756: A war in Cuba and Muslim uprisings in Spanish Morocco . In the midst of these crises, the Carlist War continued and the Carlist party made itself strong in areas with claims over their national and institutional specificity such as Catalonia and the Basque Country . This unrest led to the creation of a group in favour of the Bourbon Restoration , led by the moderate conservative Antonio Cánovas del Castillo . Alfonso

87-565: A basis that afterwards enabled Spain to pass through the disastrous war with the United States without the threat of a revolution. Fuero Juzgo The Fuero Juzgo ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈfweɾo ˈxuθɣo] ) was a codex of Spanish laws enacted in Castile in 1241 by Fernando III . It is essentially a translation of the Liber Iudiciorum that was formulated in 654 by

116-457: A captain of the guard. Others have assigned the fatherhood to Federico Puig Romero, a colonel who was murdered under unclear circumstances in 1866. The relationship of the queen with Puigmoltó was so much of a public hearsay at the time that Francisco de Asís initially refused to attend the baptism ceremony of Alfonso (the heir apparent), though he was eventually forced to do so. These rumours were used as political propaganda against Alfonso by

145-749: A century (see History of Spain (1808–1874) ). Both Europe (the coastal regions, such as the Basque Country, Catalonia, and Asturias) and the colonies in the Antilles and Pacific were able to grow steadily. Cuba and Puerto Rico prospered to the point that Spain's first train was not in Spain proper but between Havana and Güines in Cuba, and the first telegraph in Latin America was in Puerto Rico, established by Samuel Morse , whose daughter and son-in-law lived there. Upon

174-525: A coup aimed at placing the military in the political-administrative positions of power, in reality ushered in a civilian regime that lasted until Primo de Rivera 's 1923 coup d'état. Cánovas was the real architect of the new regime of the Restoration. In 1881 Alfonso refused to sanction a law by which the ministers were to remain in office for a fixed term of 18 months. Upon the consequent resignation of Cánovas del Castillo, he summoned Práxedes Mateo Sagasta ,

203-787: A high ranking minister in the Government of India , was born at Suite 318-319-320 at the Martinez when his father Maharaja Hari Singh was holidaying there on March 9, 1931, and had reserved the entire third floor for the occasion. During World War II, the hotel was occupied successively by the French Army, the Italian Army, the Commission d'armistice, the German Army, and (after Victory in Europe Day ) by

232-456: A new dynasty on the throne. Prince Amadeo of Savoy , the younger son of King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and a distant cousin of Alfonso by common descent from Charles III , was recognized as King of Spain in November 1870. During a tumultuous reign, Amadeo was targeted by assassination attempts and struggled with opposition from both Carlists and republicans while his own faction split. After

261-503: A number of Spanish nobles who had tied their fortunes to those of the exiled queen. He assumed the name Alfonso XII, for although no king of united Spain had borne the name "Alfonso", the Spanish monarchy was regarded as continuous with the more ancient monarchy represented by the 11 kings of Asturias , León and Castile also named Alfonso . After the revolution, the Cortes decided to set up

290-614: Is located on the Croisette at Cannes , 500 meters from the palais des Festivals , facing the Mediterranean Sea, the Bay of Cannes and the Lérins Islands. Alfonso XII Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 1857 – 25 November 1885), also known as El Pacificador (Spanish:

319-624: The American invasion of Puerto Rico , ten US dollars were needed to buy one Puerto Rican peso. On 23 January 1878 at the Basilica of Atocha in Madrid, Alfonso married his first cousin, Princess María de las Mercedes , but she died within five months of the marriage. On 29 November 1879 at the Basilica of Atocha in Madrid , Alfonso married his double third cousin, Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria . During

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348-504: The Carlists , and he came to be widely nicknamed "Puigmoltejo" in reference to his supposed father. His mother's accession had created a second cause of instability, the Carlist Wars , where the supporters of Don Carlos, Count of Molina as King of Spain rose to have him enthroned. In addition, within the context of the post-Napoleonic restorations and revolutions which engulfed Europe and

377-786: The US Air Force . In 1981, the hotel was sold to the Concorde Hotels & Resorts Group (belonging to the Taittinger Group). In 2005, four hotels including Hotel Martinez were sold to Starwood Capital Group . The hotel was sold in 2012 and joined the Hyatt Group on April 9, 2013. It was renamed the Grand Hyatt Cannes Hotel Martinez . The hotel closed for renovations on October 30, 2017 and reopened for business on March 5, 2018 under its original name. Hotel Martinez

406-725: The Visigoths . The Fuero Juzgo was first applied legally as a fuero local in several kingdoms in the middle of the Iberian Peninsula that Castile slowly reconquered from Muslim rulers. The first known reference to the Fuero Juzgo in law was seen in Córdoba . In 1348, the Ordenamiento de Alcalá granted it legal preeminence over the Siete Partidas . The Fuero Juzgo reigned until

435-732: The Americas, both the Carlistas and the Isabelino conservatives were opposed to the new Napoleonic constitutional system. Much like in Britain, which subtracted itself from the liberal constitutional process, Spanish conservatives wanted to continue with the traditional Organic Laws, such as the Fuero Juzgo , the Novísima Recopilación and the Partidas of Alfonso X . This led to a third cause of instability,

464-734: The Carlists revolted and the Third Carlist War broke out, he abdicated and returned to Italy in early 1873. Following Amadeo's abandonment, the First Spanish Republic was established, including the territories of Cuba , Puerto Rico and the Pacific Archipelagos. The first act of President Estanislao Figueras was to extend the abolition of slavery to Puerto Rico; Cuban slaves would have to wait until 1889. The republicans were not in agreement either, and they had to contend with

493-708: The Liberal leader, to form a new cabinet. In order to eliminate one of the problems of the reign of Isabel II , the single party and its destabilizing consequences, the Liberal Party was allowed to incorporate and participate in national politics, and the ' turnismo ' or alternation was to become the new system. Turnismo would be endorsed in the Constitution of 1876 and the Pact of El Pardo (1885). It meant that liberal and conservative prime ministers would succeed each other ending thus

522-688: The Peacemaker ), was King of Spain from 29 December 1874 to his death in 1885. After the Glorious Revolution of 1868 deposed his mother Isabella II from the throne, Alfonso studied in Austria and France. His mother abdicated in his favour in 1870, and he returned to Spain as king in 1874 following a military coup against the First Spanish Republic . Alfonso died aged 27 in 1885, leaving his pregnant widow, Maria Christina of Austria , as regent of Spain. Their son, Alfonso XIII , became king upon his birth

551-511: The President resigned, and his power was transferred to the king's plenipotentiary and adviser, Cánovas. With Cánovas disapproval (he detested the intervention of the military in politics), the 29 December 1875 pronunciamento of Gen. Martínez Campos in Sagunto ended the failed republic and meant the rise of the young Prince Alfonso. Within a few days after Cánovas del Castillo took power as Premier,

580-419: The affection of his people by fearlessly visiting districts ravaged by cholera or devastated by the 1884 Andalusian earthquake . His capacity for dealing with men was considerable, and he never allowed himself to become the instrument of any particular party. During his short reign, peace was established both at home and abroad, finances were well regulated, and the various administrative services were placed on

609-477: The following year. Maria Christina continued as regent until Alfonso XIII came of age in 1902. Alfonso was born in Madrid as the eldest son of the reigning Queen Isabella II on 28 November 1857. His official father, Isabella's husband Francisco de Asís , has been generally viewed as effeminate, impotent or homosexual, leading writers to question his biological paternity. There is speculation that Alfonso's biological father may have been Enrique Puigmoltó y Mayans,

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638-654: The goal of shaping him into the ideal king for the planned Bourbon Restoration, and next sent him to the Royal Military College, Sandhurst , in England. The training he received there was severe but more cosmopolitan than it would have been in Spain, given its atmosphere at the time. On 1 December 1874, Alfonso issued the Sandhurst Manifesto , where he set the ideological basis of the Bourbon Restoration. It

667-610: The honeymoon, a pastry cook named Otero fired at the young sovereign and his wife as they were driving in Madrid. The children of this marriage were: Alfonso had two sons by Elena Armanda Nicolasa Sanz y Martínez de Arizala (15 December 1849, in Castellón de la Plana – 24 December 1898, in Paris): In November 1885, Alfonso died aged 27 at the Royal Palace of El Pardo near Madrid. He had been suffering from tuberculosis , but

696-457: The immediate cause of his death was a recurrence of dysentery . In 1902, his widow Maria Cristina initiated a national contest to build a monument in memory of Alfonso . The winning design, by José Grases Riera , was constructed in an artificial lake in Madrid's Parque del Buen Retiro in 1922. Coming to the throne at such an early age, Alfonso had served no apprenticeship in the art of ruling. Benevolent and sympathetic in disposition, he won

725-608: The independence of most of the American possessions, recognized between 1823 and 1850. When Queen Isabella II and her husband were forced to leave Spain by the Revolution of 1868 , Alfonso accompanied them to Paris. From there, he was sent to the Theresianum in Vienna to continue his studies. On 25 June 1870, he was recalled to Paris, where his mother abdicated in his favour, in the presence of

754-465: The new king, proclaimed on 29 December 1874, arrived at Madrid , passing through Barcelona and Valencia and was acclaimed everywhere (1875). In 1876, a vigorous campaign against the Carlists , in which the young king took part, resulted in the defeat of Don Carlos and the Duke's abandonment of the struggle. Initially led by Cánovas del Castillo as moderate prime minister, what was thought at one time as

783-467: The troubles. This led to the end of the Carlist revolts and the victory over the New York-backed Cuban revolutionaries, and led to a huge backing both by insular and peninsular Spaniards of Alfonso. Alfonso's short reign established the foundations for the final socioeconomic recuperation of Spain, bringing an end to the political instability that had dominated Spain for the past two-thirds of

812-413: Was drafted in reply to a birthday greeting from his followers, a manifesto proclaiming himself the sole representative of the Spanish monarchy. At the end of 1874, Brigadier Martínez Campos , who had long been working more or less openly for the king, led some battalions of the central army to Sagunto , rallied the troops sent against him to his own flag, and entered Valencia in the king's name. Thereupon

841-519: Was well-educated and cultured, especially compared to his mother. His tutors took great care to have him educated in good schools and to familiarize him with different cultures, languages and government models throughout Europe. During the Franco-Prussian War , Alfonso relocated from Paris to Geneva with his family, and then continued his studies at the Theresianum in Vienna in 1872. Cánovas began to take responsibility for Alfonso's education with

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