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32-488: The hospital was founded in 1863 as Hospicio de San Buenaventura, renamed Hospicio de las Mercedes in 1888, and renamed to National Neuropsychiatric Hospital for Men in 1949. The last name change occurred in 1967 to honor the psychiatrist Dr. Jose Tiburcio Borda who joined the UBA Medical School faculty in 1891 and began working at Hospicio de las Mercedes shortly thereafter, staying on until his retirement in 1930. In

64-617: A combination of their nationality , ethnicity and their ancestral origins. In addition to the indigenous population, Latin Americans include people with Old World ancestors who arrived since 1492. Latin America has the largest diasporas of Spaniards , Portuguese , Africans , Italians , Lebanese and Japanese in the world. The region also has large German (second largest after the United States), French , Palestinian (largest outside

96-470: A few groups in the country's highlands. In Bolivia , Aymara , Quechua and Guaraní hold official status alongside Spanish. Guarani is, along with Spanish, an official language of Paraguay , and is spoken by a majority of the population (who are, for the most part, bilingual), and it is co-official with Spanish in the Argentine province of Corrientes . In Nicaragua , Spanish is the official language, but, on

128-693: A majority; some are dominated by inhabitants of European ancestry; and some countries' populations are primarily mulatto . Black , Asian , and zambo (mixed black and native American) minorities are also identified regularly. White Latin Americans are the largest single group, accounting for more than one-third of the population. The Latinobarómetro surveys have asked respondents in 18 Latin American countries what race they considered themselves to belong to. The figures shown below are averages for 2007 through 2011. Don't know/No response. Weighted using 2011 population. Spanish and Portuguese are

160-609: Is a collectively operated panadería ("bakery") at El Borda, employing up to 15 of the residents who bake goods that are delivered within the hospital and to the UBA Faculty of Psychology . Eating Disorders Day Hospital During 2000, a new unit was designed for eating disorder patient's treatment. It functions as an interdisciplinary group team approach. 34°38′13″S 58°23′02″W  /  34.63694°S 58.38389°W  / -34.63694; -58.38389 Bersuit Bersuit Vergarabat (Commonly referred to as La Bersuit )

192-511: Is an Argentine rock band that formed formally in 1987. The previous name of the band (from 1987 to May 1989) was Henry y la Palangana . By the end of 1989, the band had changed name several times, adopting nonsensical names like "Ernios of arcabio", "Aparrata Vergi", "Seria Soneub" ( Buenos Aires spelled backwards); but eventually settled on "Bersuit Vergarabat Van de ir" then keeping only "Bersuit Vergarabat" its most iconic name. After two albums of largely underground transgressor rock music,

224-610: Is primarily spoken in the Lesser Antilles. It is a French-based creole, that is the local language spoken among the natives of the Caribbean islands of Saint Lucia and Dominica and also in Martinique and Guadeloupe . Creole languages of mainland Latin America, similarly, are derived from European languages and various African tongues. The vast majority of Latin Americans are Christians (90%), mostly Roman Catholics . About 71% of

256-722: Is the region of the Americas where Romance languages (i.e., those derived from Latin )—particularly Spanish and Portuguese , as well as French —are primarily spoken. It includes 21 countries or territories: Mexico in North America ; Guatemala , Honduras , El Salvador , Nicaragua , Costa Rica and Panama in Central America ; Colombia , Venezuela , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , Brazil , Paraguay , Chile , Argentina and Uruguay in South America ; and Cuba , Haiti ,

288-464: Is the world's first radio station broadcast from inside a mental hospital. A noncommercial radio station, it was founded at El Borda by psychologist Alfredo Olivera. In 1990, Olivera began recording patients' discussions centered around a particular theme, and then he transmitted the recording on the radio, after which listeners called in with responses, and these Olivera played back to El Borda residents. Two years later, live transmissions began from inside

320-505: The Caribbean region, creole languages are spoken. The most widely spoken creole language in the Caribbean and Latin America in general is Haitian Creole , the predominant language of Haiti ; it is derived primarily from French and certain West African tongues with indigenous, English, Portuguese and Spanish influences as well. The other most spoken Creole is Antillean Creole French that

352-547: The Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico in the Caribbean —in summary, Hispanic America , plus Brazil and Haiti . Canada and the United States , despite having sizeable Romance-speaking communities, are almost never included in the definition, primarily for being predominantly English-speaking Anglosphere countries. Latin America, therefore, can be defined as all those parts of the Americas that were once part of

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384-504: The Spanish , Portuguese or French colonial empires, namely Spanish America , Colonial Brazil and New France . . The population of Latin America comprises a variety of ancestries, ethnic groups and races, making the region one of the most diverse in the world. The specific composition varies from country to country: many have a predominance of mixed European and native American, or mestizo , population; in others, native Americans are

416-467: The University of Buenos Aires medical faculty . Admissions and discharges total approximately 1,300 patients each year, most within two weeks. Over 800 other patients are long term residents. Dr. Juan Garralda is the current director. Of the several wards within the hospital, one, Penal Unit 20 Diego Alcorta, houses patients that are violent and come from the prison. It is a men's forensic ward operated by

448-482: The citizens of Latin American countries (or people with cultural, ancestral or national origins in Latin America). Latin American countries and their diasporas are multi-ethnic and multi-racial . Latin Americans are a pan-ethnicity consisting of people of different ethnic and national backgrounds. As a result, some Latin Americans do not take their nationality as an ethnicity , but identify themselves with

480-544: The world's second largest Christian population , after Europe . According to the 2005 Colombian census or DANE, about 3,331,107 Colombians currently live abroad. The number of Brazilians living overseas is estimated at 2 million people. An estimated 1.5 to two million Salvadorians reside in the United States. At least 1.5 million Ecuadorians have gone abroad, mainly to the United States and Spain. Approximately 1.5 million Dominicans live abroad, mostly in

512-529: The Arab states), Chinese and Jewish diasporas . The specific ethnic and/or racial composition varies from country to country and diaspora community to diaspora community: many have a predominance of mixed indigenous and European descent or mestizo , population; in others, native Americans are a majority; some are mostly inhabited by people of European ancestry; others are primarily mulatto . The largest single group are white Latin Americans . Together with

544-556: The Caribbean. Dutch is the official language of some Caribbean islands and in Suriname on the continent; however, as Dutch is a Germanic language , these territories are not considered part of Latin America. Indigenous languages are widely spoken in Peru , Guatemala , Bolivia and Paraguay , and, to a lesser degree, in Mexico , Chile and Ecuador . In Latin American countries not named above,

576-492: The Federal Penitentiary Service, nowadays and fortunately this Unit is out of service, and the hospital remain without it. The hospital has developed patient and ex-patient groups that have contact outside of the institution. These include Borda Artists' Front (Fraente de Artistas del Borda), Radio Colifata (Radio La Colifata), and Bread of Borda (Pan del Borda). Radio La Colifata ( Lunfardo : "the crazy woman")

608-899: The Latin American population consider themselves Catholic. Membership in Protestant denominations is increasing, particularly in Brazil , Guatemala and Puerto Rico . Argentina hosts the largest communities of both Jews and Muslims in Latin America. Indigenous religions and rituals are practiced in countries with large indigenous populations, especially Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru, and Afro-Latin American religions such as Santería , Candomblé , Umbanda , Macumba and Vodou are practiced in countries with large Afro-Latin American populations, especially Cuba, Brazil, Dominican Republic and Haiti. Latin America constitutes, in absolute terms,

640-528: The United States at the time. One of the band's signature songs, «El tiempo no para» from their album Y Punto , is a cover of " O Tempo não Pára " by the Brazilian musician Cazuza . In his honor, Gustavo Cordera sings one of the song's verses in the live version in Portuguese . After having success in several countries, the band broke up in 2009, due to Cordera's embarkation on a solo career. They returned to

672-748: The United States. More than 1.3 million Cubans live abroad, most of them in the United States. It is estimated that over 800,000 Chileans live abroad, mainly in Argentina, Canada, United States and Spain. Other Chilean nationals may be located in countries like Costa Rica, Mexico and Sweden. An estimated 700,000 Bolivians were living in Argentina as of 2006 and another 33,000 in the United States. Central Americans living abroad in 2005 were 3,314,300, of which 1,128,701 were Salvadorans , 685,713 were Guatemalans , 683,520 were Nicaraguans , 414,955 were Hondurans , 215,240 were Panamanians and 127,061 were Costa Rica . As of 2006, Costa Rica and Chile were

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704-759: The band began to experiment with Latin American rhythms such as cumbia , chacarera , candombe and cuartetazo . The lyrics, though, remained acerbic, sardonic,and critical-leaning with regard to political and social problems. The current formation is Alberto Verenzuela (vocals, guitar, harmonica), Daniel Suárez (vocals), Germán Sbarbati (vocals, charango ), Juan Subirá (keyboards, accordion, vocals), Pepe Céspedes (bass, vocals, guitar) and Carlos Enrique Martín (drums, percussion); previous members include: Gustavo Cordera (vocals), Charly Bianco (guitar, vocals), Marcela Chediak (percussion), Rubén Sadrinas (vocals) and Oscar Righi (guitar). In honor of Buenos Aires 's José Tiburcio Borda Psychiatric Hospital ,

736-735: The band often performs in clinical pajamas . Although there is no truth to the urban legend of Cordera spending some time in that institution, the band has demonstrated an affinity for everything related to madness and marginalization. In addition to finding success in the Buenos Aires' underground movement, and then nationwide, Bersuit Vergarabat has attracted fans from many countries in Latin America as well as Spain and United States. The band's success beyond Latin America hinges largely on their ability to constantly reinvent themselves, as with their late 1990s venture into reggae music, popular in

768-404: The country's Caribbean coast English and indigenous languages such as Miskito , Sumo , and Rama also hold official status. Colombia recognizes all indigenous languages spoken within its territory as official, though fewer than 1% of its population are native speakers of these. Nahuatl is one of the 62 native languages spoken by indigenous people in Mexico that are officially recognized by

800-955: The government as "national languages" along with Spanish. Other European languages spoken in Latin America include: English , by some groups in Argentina , Chile , Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Panama and Puerto Rico , as well as in nearby countries that may or may not be considered Latin American, such as Belize and Guyana ; English is also used as a major foreign language in Latin American commerce and education. Other languages spoken in parts of Latin America include German in southern Brazil , southern Chile , Argentina, portions of northern Venezuela and Paraguay; Italian in Brazil , Argentina, Uruguay and Venezuela; Polish , Ukrainian and Russian in southern Brazil; and Welsh in southern Argentina. Hebrew and Yiddish are used by Jewish diasporas in Argentina and Brazil. In several nations, especially in

832-407: The government would not be closing El Borda. Graffiti covers many of El Borda's walls including the phrase No al cierre ("No to closure"). El Borda is built in the shape of the letter 'H', and has two wings on either sides of the main hospital, separated by garden areas. The large, park-like area is enclosed behind high bars. The hospital offers mental health services and a research centre linked to

864-617: The hospital. La Colifata is run by psychiatric patients in a makeshift studio. Support comes from the Argentine announcer, Lalo Mir , and the Argentine footballer , Oscar Ruggeri . Programming includes sports and the "Borda Tango Club". The station produces microprograms of four hours per week which are distributed to dozens of radio stations, both in Argentina and Latin America. Psychiatric facilities in other countries, such as Argentina, Chile, Germany, Spain, and Uruguay have subsequently developed similar programs. Pan del Borda ("Bread of Borda")

896-474: The mid-2000s, members of the Argentine rock band, Bersuit , wore pastel pajamas, like escapees from a lunatic asylum , as a tribute to El Borda. In 2008, the Buenos Aires government announced plans to close two psychiatric hospitals, El Borda and Braulio Moyano Mental Health Hospital, replacing them with ten smaller hospitals, halfway houses, and health centres. But two years later, the Ministry of Health stated that

928-504: The people of part European ancestry, they combine for almost the totality of the population. Latin Americans and their descendants can be found almost everywhere in the world, particularly in densely populated urban areas. The most important migratory destinations for Latin Americans are found in the United States , Spain , France , Canada , Italy and Japan . Latin America ( Spanish : América Latina or Latinoamérica ; Portuguese : América Latina ; French : Amérique latine )

960-405: The population of speakers of indigenous languages is small or non-existent. In Peru , Quechua is an official language, alongside Spanish and any other indigenous language in the areas where they predominate. In Ecuador , while holding no official status, the closely related Quichua is a recognized language of the indigenous people under the country's constitution; however, it is only spoken by

992-690: The predominant languages of Latin America. Spanish is the official language of most of the countries on the Latin American mainland, as well as in Puerto Rico (where it is co-official with English), Cuba and the Dominican Republic . Portuguese is spoken only in Brazil , the biggest and most populous country in the region. French is spoken in Haiti , as well as in the French overseas departments of French Guiana in South America and Guadeloupe and Martinique in

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1024-472: The stage three years later without their original singer. Since then, Bersuit released 3 studio albums, La Revuelta (2012), El Baile Interior (2014), La Nube Rosa (2016). This new material consolidated Condor Sbarbati and Daniel Suarez as main singers. Latin American Latin Americans ( Spanish : Latinoamericanos ; Portuguese : Latino-americanos ; French : Latino-américains ) are

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