57-698: Hope Vale (also known as Hopevale ) is a town within the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and a coastal locality split between the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and the Shire of Cook , both in Queensland , Australia. It is an Aboriginal community. In the 2021 census , the locality of Hope Vale had a population of 1,004 people. Hope Vale is on Cape York Peninsula about 46 kilometres (29 mi) northwest of Cooktown by road, and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) off
114-692: A Deed of Grant in Trust was given to the Hope Vale community. Like other DOGIT communities of the time, Hope Vale had a Community Council elected by Aboriginal people living in the community. In the 2016 census , the Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire had a population of 918 people, of whom 897 (92.0% are Indigenous Australians. In the 2021 census , the Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire had a population of 976 people, of whom 863 (88.4%) are Indigenous Australians . The Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire Council operates under
171-575: A backdrop to the town and is now part of the Mount Cook National Park . The area around Cooktown is unusually rich in biodiversity , being close to three major ecozones . Hence, it contains a large proportion of the 3,000 plant species, and the more than 500 terrestrial vertebrates, recorded on Cape York Peninsula. The region contains many rare or unusual species that are of great interest to botanists and zoologists. Guugu Yimithirr (also known as Koko Yindjir, Gugu Yimidhirr, Guguyimidjir)
228-556: A brickworks, a cabinetmaker, and two newspapers. The port of Cooktown served the nearby goldfields and, during the goldrush of the 1870s, a Chinese community many thousands strong grew up in the goldfields and in the town itself. The Chinese played an important role in the early days of Cooktown. They came originally as prospectors, but many established market gardens, supplying the town and the goldfields with fruit, vegetables and rice, while others opened shops. However, largely through cultural misunderstandings, conflict broke out between
285-528: A large number reportedly perished from disease and malnutrition. Hope Vale was re-established as a Lutheran mission in September 1949. Aboriginal people from the Hope Valley and Cape Bedford Missions settled there. A work crew was allowed to return in 1949 and the first families came home in 1950. Hopevale Post Office opened on 1 May 1965 and closed in 1990. Due to a lack of reliable water supplies at Elim , and
342-488: A lot" and "hunted" Aboriginal people along the way at the Normanby River , Kennedy River, Kavanaugh Creek, St George River and at Battle Camp. At Battle Camp, a large group of Aboriginal men approached MacMillan's camp yelling a war cry, but were forced back by gunfire, some of whom fell. The expedition members then pursued them to a lagoon where many more were shot. Two Aboriginal women and three children were brought back to
399-657: A minor refurbishment in 2015. In 2015 the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns opened the Holy Spirit College as a secondary school for disengaged and marginalised young people. It has with two campuses, one in Cooktown and one in Cairns . The school draws students from a wide area. The Cooktown campus includes a 32-bed boarding facility to offer weekly boarding so that students can return to their families and communities on
456-484: A party in establishing a port on the Endeavour River and a road from there to the goldfields. MacMillan arrived at the river on 25 October 1873 on board the vessel Leichhardt with an entourage of around seventy other government men and prospectors. A new township was immediately established on the southern bank of the river which was later officially gazetted under the name of Cooktown. A local Aboriginal man who took
513-552: A popular tourist destination. The paving of the Mulligan Highway now provides all-weather access by road for the first time. There are two flights a day connecting Cooktown with Cairns. The town now has good communications, more services, better roads, and offers residents a relaxed and healthy lifestyle. Cooktown is a service centre for the district including the Aboriginal communities of Hope Vale , 47 kilometres (29 mi) to
570-523: A surveying flag while the area was being initially charted was shot at with a barrage of gunfire from both colonists aboard the Leichhardt and from Native Police under the command of Robert Arthur Johnstone . The man managed to survive unharmed. MacMillan soon after led an expedition of 110 diggers, police and officials to blaze a trail from Cooktown to the Palmer River Goldfields . They "shot
627-583: Is about 857 kilometres (533 mi) south of Cape York by road. Cooktown is at the mouth of the Endeavour River , on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland where James Cook beached his ship, the Endeavour , for repairs in 1770. The town was named after Cook. The rugged Mount Cook (431 metres (1,414 ft)) was named by Phillip Parker King on 27 June 1818, after James Cook. It forms
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#1733085229971684-476: Is an Australian Aboriginal language of Hope Vale and the Cooktown area. The language region includes the local government area of the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and the Shire of Cook , particularly the localities of Cape Bedford , Battle Camp and sections of the Normanby River and Annan River . The area originally was set up as a German Lutheran mission in 1885 by missionaries, at what came to be known as
741-554: Is an Australian Aboriginal language of Hope Vale and the Cooktown area. The language region includes the local government area of the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and the Shire of Cook , particularly the localities of Cape Bedford , Battle Camp and sections of the Normanby River and Annan River . In the local Guugu Yimithirr language the name for the region is Gangaar Aboriginal pronunciation: [ɡ̊anˈɡaːr] , which means "(Place of the) Rock Crystals". Quartz crystals were used in various Aboriginal ceremonies across
798-637: Is no secondary school in Hope Vale. The nearest secondary school is Cooktown State School in neighbouring Cooktown to the south. On 21 July 2008 the Hope Vale community opened the Indigenous Knowledge and Technology Centre, in the Jack Bambie building at 5 Muni Street. The now-Indigenous Knowledge Centre was established in partnership with Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire Council, the State Library of Queensland , Dot Com Mob, SJB Architects, Work Ventures, and
855-400: Is now known as Reconciliation Rocks. A "little old man" appeared from the group of Indigenous Australians and they were reconciled. This was an important historic event as it is believed that this is the first recorded reconciliation between Europeans and Indigenous Australians ever". Cook named the river the "Endeavour" after his ship, and, as they sailed north, he hoisted the flag known as
912-650: Is where it stopped. By that time the gold was petering out, so the Queensland Government refused further funding for the venture. In spite of this, the train proved to be a lifeline for the Peninsula people connecting the hinterland to Cooktown, from where one could catch a boat to Cairns and other southern ports. The line was closed in 1961 after the Peninsula Development Road was built connecting Cooktown and other Peninsula communities with Cairns and
969-403: The Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and the Shire of Cook , particularly the localities of Cape Bedford , Battle Camp and sections of the Normanby River and Annan River . Hopevale is home to several clan groups who mostly speak Guugu Yimidhirr and other related languages, as well as English. In the 2011 census , the town of Hope Vale had a population of 974 people. In the 2016 census ,
1026-793: The Atherton Tableland to the south. The Cooktown Parish of the Roman Catholic Church was established in 1874 with the Cooktown becoming the seat of the Vicariate Apostolic of Cooktown in 1877 (which became the Diocese of Cairns in 1941). Cooktown's magnificent Botanic Garden of 62 hectares (150 acres) was established near the town in 1878. Much work was done in the early stages – with wells sunk, water reticulated, garden beds enclosed, stone-lined paths, stone-pitched pools and footbridges made, and lawns, trees and shrubs planted. Although
1083-593: The British Museum and Kew Gardens . King returned again to the region in 1820 as part of the same surveying expedition and this time collated a small record of the local Aboriginal language. He established that Captain Cook was incorrect in the interpretation of the word kangaroo , with King noting that menuah was the local name for the large macropod . Large outrigger canoes made by the resident Aboriginal people were also noted. In 1872, William Hann discovered gold in
1140-538: The Cape Bedford Mission , 25 kilometres (16 mi) from what is now Hope Vale. The residents were evacuated to Woorabinda during World War II in 1942, and the land was used by the army. Many of the people died, and the survivors were not allowed to return until 1949. In September 1952, the land was formally gazetted as an Aboriginal reserve. In 1986, under the Community Services (Aborigines) Act 1984 ,
1197-565: The Palmer River , about 200 kilometres (120 mi) inland from the Endeavour River. His findings were reported to James Venture Mulligan who led an expedition to the Palmer River in 1873. Mulligan's expedition found quantities of alluvial gold and thus began the gold rush that was to bring prospectors from all over the world. The Queensland government responded quickly to Mulligan's reports, and dispatched Archibald Campbell MacMillan to lead
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#17330852299711254-524: The Palmer River , the Bloomfield River , China Camp , Maytown , and Palmerville . The site of modern Cooktown was the meeting place of two vastly different cultures when, in June 1770, the local Aboriginal Guugu Yimithirr tribe cautiously watched the crippled sailing ship – His Majesty's Bark Endeavour – limp up the coast seeking a safe harbour after sustaining serious damage to its wooden hull on
1311-422: The " Queen Anne Jack " and claimed possession of the whole eastern coast of Australia for Britain. He named Cape York Peninsula after the then- Duke of York and Albany (" The Grand Old Duke of York "). In 1969 an American-sponsored expedition discovered six of Cook's cannons, as well as ballast from his ship. These artifacts are now in various museums around the world. The next recorded European expedition to
1368-474: The "Peninsula Development Road" opened up to the south, the population declined to just a few hundred people before it gradually began to climb again. Since then, Cooktown and the Endeavour River Valley area have become a major attraction to biologists and illustrators of plants and animals. Vera Scarth-Johnson (1912–1999), spent almost thirty years (1972 to 1999) illustrating the flowering plants of
1425-603: The AMP Foundation. This centre provides a library service, training venue, and public Internet access. The Hope Vale community has a strong choral singing tradition since its evacuation to Woorabinda. The ensemble has performed at the Queensland Music Festival on three occasions—in 2005, 2007 and 2009. Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale The Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale is a local government area in Far North Queensland , Queensland , Australia , north of
1482-434: The Aboriginal people and the new settlers, and the diggers. The Cooktown Herald , 8 December 1875, reported: "The natives wholly ignorant of the terrible firepower of fire-arms, and confiding in their numbers, showed a ferocity and daring wholly unexpected and unsurpassed. Grasping the very muzzles of the rifles they attempted to wrest them from the hands of the whites, standing to be shot down, rather than yield an inch...." It
1539-635: The Battlecamp Road that leads to Rinyirru National Park and Laura . Johann Flierl , a missionary of the Lutheran Church, established the Elim Aboriginal Mission (1895; 15°15′27.4″S 145°18′51″E / 15.257611°S 145.31417°E / -15.257611; 145.31417 ) on the beach of the north shore of Cape Bedford and the Cape Bedford Mission (1886) nearby. While it initially flourished, Elim's future became grim and
1596-718: The Bloomfield River. Also in 1888, five Irish nuns from the Sisters of Mercy Order arrived in Cooktown and established a Catholic convent school. The original building is now used as the Cooktown Museum (formerly the James Cook Historical Museum). In 1893 the town was described as follows: With the gold rush over, the number of people living in the area started dwindling. Two major fires struck Cooktown – in 1875 and, again, in 1919 when whole blocks of buildings in
1653-454: The Commission members and local residents as they left on 7 August 1887. Transport was an ongoing problem for the new settlers. Getting supplies and people to the goldfields often took three weeks. After every wet season the tracks and bridges had to be remade. A railway line from Cooktown to Maytown , was planned, but it took five years to get the 67 miles (108 km) to Laura – and that
1710-643: The Endeavour Reef, south of Cooktown. The Guugu Yimithirr people saw the Endeavour beach in the calm waters near the mouth of their river, which they called "Wahalumbaal". The captain of the Endeavour, Lieutenant James Cook, wrote: "... it was happy for us that a place of refuge was at hand; for we soon found that the ship would not work, and it is remarkable that in the whole course of our voyage we had seen no place that our present circumstances could have afforded us
1767-458: The Endeavour and McIvor River valleys. Tin was found in the Annan River area, south of Cooktown, in 1884. In 1886, Lutheran missionaries came to Cooktown to establish a secure place for the Aboriginal people who were living in abominable conditions on the edge of the town. Missions were established at Elim on the beach (later they moved inland to Hopevale ), and Wujal Wujal , near the mouth of
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1824-583: The Jack Bambie Memorial Centre, in Hope Vale . Cooktown, Queensland Download coordinates as: Cooktown is a coastal town and locality in the Shire of Cook , Queensland , Australia. Cooktown is at the mouth of the Endeavour River , on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland where James Cook beached his ship, the Endeavour , for repairs in 1770. Both the town and Mount Cook (431 metres or 1,415 feet) which rises up behind
1881-902: The Lutheran missions at Hope Vale and Bloomfield were forcibly removed – most being taken south to Woorabinda in May, 1942, while some of the elderly people were sent to Palm Island . The senior missionary, Pastor Schwartz (known as Muni to the local people), was arrested and placed in internment, suspected of being an enemy sympathiser. The Aboriginal people were not allowed to return to their homelands until 1949. Many Aboriginal people died when moved from their traditional lands, and many Aboriginal and white families never returned from their exile. In October 1942 detachments of 16 Australian Field Company, Royal Australian Engineers travelled to Cooktown, Mount Surprise and Coen to build Repeater Huts. Some 20,000 Australian and American troops were stationed in and around
1938-423: The area and about 4,000 permanent residents in the town by 1880. At that time, Cooktown boasted a large number of hotels and guest houses. There were 47 licensed pubs within the town boundaries in 1874 although this number had dropped to 27 by the beginning of 1880. There were also a number of illegal grog shops and several brothels. There were bakeries, a brewery and a soft drinks factory, dressmakers and milliners,
1995-616: The area was in 1819, when Captain Phillip Parker King on board HMS Mermaid , visited the Endeavour River during his surveying voyage around Australia. They camped for two weeks at the mouth of the river in order to construct a new dinghy, and had mostly friendly interactions with the local Aboriginal people until an argument occurred over the possession of clothes. Spears and musket-fire were exchanged but no injuries were sustained. A botanist, Allan Cunningham , accompanied King on this journey and collected numerous botanical specimens for
2052-403: The camp by the diggers after one of the shootings, where they had in their possession a number of items from a digger who was supposed killed. A later government enquiry into the events found that the expedition members had acted in self defence and were justified in their actions. The Palmer River Goldfields and its centre, Maytown grew quickly, the recorded output of gold from 1873 to 1890
2109-623: The community council to act as trustees of the land for the benefit of the residents." The Aboriginal Land Act 1991 (Qld) transferred into Indigenous ownership all previous reserve land under DOGIT (Deed of Grant in Trust) titles. Hope Vale has a primary (Preparation to Grade 6) campus of Cape York Aboriginal Australian Academy, which is headquartered at the corner of Thiele and Poland Streets in Cairns ( 15°17′43″S 145°06′29″E / 15.2952°S 145.1080°E / -15.2952; 145.1080 ( Hopevale Campus of CYAAA ) ). There
2166-416: The continent and are found in the vicinity; they were traded from the Cooktown region at least as far as Mossman , about 300 kilometres (190 mi) south of Cooktown, and possibly much further. Yalanji (also known as Kuku Yalanji , Kuku Yalaja , Kuku Yelandji , and Gugu Yalanji) is an Australian Aboriginal language of Far North Queensland . The traditional language region is Mossman River in
2223-484: The establishment of a government funded school in Hope Vale itself, the community was shifted about inland to its present site. Today, Hope Vale is the oldest continuing mission community in North Queensland. Guugu Yimithirr (also known as Koko Yindjir, Gugu Yimidhirr, Guguyimidjir) is an Australian Aboriginal language of Hope Vale and the Cooktown area. The language region includes the local government area of
2280-481: The gardens fell into disrepair, in recent years they have been expanded and are a popular destination for botanists and nature lovers. Most of the early stonework has been restored, and beautiful walking tracks lead the visitor through the Botanic Garden to the magnificent beaches at Finch Bay and Cherry Tree Bay. In 1881, a bridge over the Endeavour River was completed, which opened up the richer pastoral lands of
2337-490: The locality of Hope Vale had a population of 1,015 people. In the 2021 census , the locality of Hope Vale had a population of 1,004 people. Hopevale is no longer run as a mission by the church but by its own elected community council. In 1986 it received a "deed of grant in trust" ( DOGIT ) which "granted title to 110,000 ha of land which was previously Aboriginal Reserve Land held by the Under Secretary as trustee, to
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2394-529: The main street were burned to the ground. A major cyclone in 1907 added to the destruction. By 1940, little evidence of Cooktown or Maytown's interesting past remained. During the Second World War , Cooktown became an important base for the war effort. The civilian population of Cooktown was encouraged to evacuate in face of the Japanese advances and by 1942 the vast majority had left. The Aboriginal people of
2451-406: The name of the intriguing animal the natives called gangurru (which he transcribed as "Kangaru"). Cook recorded the local name as "Kangooroo, or Kanguru". The first recorded sighting of kangaroos by Europeans was on Grassy Hill, which rises above the place where the ship was beached. Cook climbed this hill to work out a safe passage for the Endeavour to sail through the surrounding reefs, after it
2508-433: The northwest, and Wujal Wujal , 72 kilometres (45 mi) to the south. Cooktown has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Cooktown State School is a government primary and secondary (Prep–12) school for boys and girls at Cnr May & Charles Streets ( 15°28′55″S 145°15′03″E / 15.4820°S 145.2507°E / -15.4820; 145.2507 ( Cooktown State School ) ). In 2018,
2565-595: The people were relocated to Hope Vale. Owing to fears that the German-influenced Aboriginal people might cooperate with the advancing Japanese in World War II , the total population of 286 was evacuated south to various communities by the military in May 1942. The German Lutheran missionaries were sent to internment camps . Most of the people were sent to Woorabinda , near Rockhampton , in Queensland, where
2622-480: The region and then gave her collection to the people of Cooktown. Following her wishes, a beautiful gallery and nature interpretive centre was built in the Cooktown Botanic Gardens to house her collection and promote the study and appreciation of the flora and fauna of the area, which she named "Nature's Powerhouse." The Cooktown Public Library opened in 1995 and underwent a major refurbishment in 2013 and
2679-587: The requirements set out in the Queensland Local Government Act. However, in the township of Hope Vale the council is also the Trustee of the land and as such has added responsibilities that are quite different from a typical local government body. This includes responsibility for fisheries, alcohol management and employment initiatives. The Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire Council operates an Indigenous Knowledge Centre (Nganthaanun-Milbi\Guugu Magubadaaygu), at
2736-409: The same relief". The British crew spent seven weeks on the site of present-day Cooktown, repairing their ship, replenishing food and water supplies, and caring for their sick. The scientist Joseph Banks and Swedish naturalist Daniel Solander , who accompanied Cook on the expedition, took advantage of the 7-week stay to collect, preserve and document over 200 new species of plants, which formed
2793-508: The south to the Annan River in the north, bordered by the Pacific Ocean in the east and extending inland to west of Mount Mulgrave . This includes the local government boundaries of the Shire of Douglas , the Shire of Cook and the Aboriginal Shire of Wujal Wujal and the towns and localities of Cooktown, Mossman , Daintree , Cape Tribulation and Wujal Wujal . It includes the head of
2850-469: The town of Cooktown . The majority of the Shire consists of Deed of Grant land that is held for the benefit of Aboriginal people particularly concerned with the land and their ancestors and descendants. In the 2021 census , the Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire had a population of 976 people, of whom 863 (88.4%) are Indigenous Australians . Guugu Yimithirr (also known as Koko Yindjir, Gugu Yimidhirr, Guguyimidjir)
2907-553: The town were named after James Cook. Cooktown is one of the few large towns in the Cape York Peninsula and was founded on 25 October 1873 as a supply port for the goldfields along the Palmer River . It was called "Cook's Town" until 1 June 1874. In the 2021 census , the locality of Cooktown had a population of 2,746 people. Cooktown is located about 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) north of Brisbane and 328 kilometres (204 mi) north of Cairns , by road. Cooktown
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#17330852299712964-633: The town. The busy airfield played a key role in the crucial Battle of the Coral Sea when Japanese expansion towards the Australian mainland was finally halted. The last military unit, the 27th Operational Base Squadron of the RAAF , ceased operations in Cooktown in April 1946. In 1949, another cyclone devastated the town, and Cooktown's population declined further. With the closure of the rail link to Laura in 1961 and
3021-429: The vast majority of the collection brought back to England from Australia. The young artist Sydney Parkinson illustrated the specimens and he was the first British artist to portray Aboriginal people from direct observation. The illustrations were later published as the famous Banks' Florilegium . After some weeks, Joseph Banks met and spoke with the local people, recording about 50 Guugu Yimithirr words, including
3078-485: The weekends. In the 2016 census , the locality of Cooktown had a population of 2,631 people. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 14.5% of the population. 69.9% of people were born in Australia and 78.4% of people spoke only English at home. The most common response for religion was No Religion at 31.5%. In the 2021 census , the locality of Cooktown had a population of 2,746 people. Cooktown has become
3135-433: Was an unequal struggle. Whole tribes were wiped out as European settlement spread over Cape York Peninsula . In 1887, a Chinese Investigation Commission to South-East Asia arrived in Cooktown from Canton to investigate the social conditions of Chinese living in the colonies and to establish consulates in them. The visit went well, General Wong Yung Ho was pleased with what they had found, and cheers were exchanged between
3192-405: Was over half a million ounces (more than 15,500 kg). Cooktown was the port through which this gold was exported and supplies for the goldfields brought in. Word of the gold quickly spread, and Cooktown was soon thriving, as prospectors arrived from around the world. Cooktown Post Office opened on 1 January 1874. Population estimates vary widely, but there were probably around 7,000 people in
3249-436: Was repaired. "The visit on the 19th of July 1770 ended in a skirmish after Cook refused to share the turtles he kept on the Endeavour with the local inhabitants. They set fire to the grass around Cook’s camp twice, burning the area and killing a suckling pig. After Cook wounded one of the men with a musket, they ran away. Cook, Banks and some others followed them and caught up with them on a rocky bar near Furneaux Street, which
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