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72-545: The Homomonument is a memorial in the centre of Amsterdam , the capital of the Netherlands . It commemorates all gay men and lesbians who have been persecuted because of their sexual orientation. Opened on 5 September 1987, it was the first monument in the world to commemorate gays and lesbians who were killed by the German Nazi regime . The monument takes the form of three large pink triangles made of granite, set into

144-512: A breakthrough, the electorate returned to their pillars. Lead by Willem Drees in the 1946 general election , it won 29 seats, two less than its predecessors had won in 1937 . During the 1946 cabinet formation , the first Beel cabinet was formed with the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the PvdA ( Roman/Red ). In 1948, some of the left-liberal members, led by former VDB leader Pieter Oud , left

216-462: A deepened collaboration. A merger has also been discussed. The Wiardi Beckman Foundation has voiced its opposition to this. Despite the fact that the two parties (PvdA and GroenLinks) separately participate in a European Political Group, Groenlinks as a member of Greens–European Free Alliance and PvdA as a member of the Party of European Socialists , the parties campaigned together as GroenLinks-PvdA for

288-456: A jury was assembled consisting of experts in the fields of art and design. The following year, out of 137 designs submitted to the competition, the jury chose the design by Karin Daan. With the triangle on the water as its central point, Daan expanded the design to make her work as monumental as possible without disrupting its surroundings. The government of Amsterdam allocated a place for the erection of

360-504: A large majority in parliament. Under his leadership the Netherlands recovered from the war and began to build its welfare state , and Indonesia became independent . After the cabinet crisis of 1958, the PvdA was replaced by the VVD. The PvdA was in opposition until 1965. The electoral support of PvdA voters began to decline. In 1965, a conflict in the centre-right cabinet made continuation of

432-687: A memorial gift (usually money) be given to a designated charity, or that a tree be planted in memory of the person. Those temporary or makeshift memorials are also called grassroots memorials. Sometimes, when a student has died, the memorials are placed in the form of a scholarship, to be awarded to high-achieving students in future years. Memorials to persons or events of major significance may be designated as national memorials . Labour Party (Netherlands) The Labour Party ( Dutch : Partij van de Arbeid [pɑrˈtɛi vɑn də ˈʔɑrbɛit] , abbreviated as PvdA [ˌpeːveːdeːˈjaː, -deːˈʔaː] or P van de A [ˌpeː vɑn də ˈʔaː] )

504-461: A national election since 1998 . Ahead of the 2021 general election , Asscher resigned from the party leadership due to his part in the childcare benefits scandal . He was replaced as leader and lead candidate by Lilianne Ploumen , who became the party's first permanent female leader. Following the election, the PvdA participated unsuccessfully in the 2021 Dutch cabinet formation in conjunction with Green Left . Ploumen later left, claiming she

576-456: A new international network for social democratic political parties, at its founding event on 22 May 2013. Historically, the PvdA has co-operated in cabinets with the Christian democratic Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), Political Party of Radicals (PPR), Catholic People's Party (KVP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP), Christian Historical Union (CHU) and ChristianUnion (CU) parties and

648-563: A new moderate social democratic party, Democratic Socialists '70 (DS'70). Under the New Left, the PvdA started a strategy of polarisation, striving for a cabinet based on a progressive majority in parliament. In order to form that cabinet, the PvdA allied itself with smaller progressive parties such as the Democrats '66 (D'66) and the Political Party of Radicals (PPR). The alliance was called

720-401: A progressive outlook on ethical questions and promises of political reform. Kok became a very popular Prime Minister; he was not a partisan figure but combined successful technocratic policies with the charisma of a national leader. In the 1998 general election , the cabinet was rewarded for its stewardship of the economy. The PvdA and the VVD increased their seat counts, at the expense of D66;

792-452: A very short period. Meanwhile, Wouter Bos , Undersecretary in the Second Kok cabinet, was elected leader of the PvdA in a ballot among PvdA members, being elected closely to Jouke de Vries . He started to democratise the party organisation and began an ideological reorientation. In the 2003 general election , Wouter Bos managed to regain almost all seats lost in the previous election, and

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864-701: Is a social democratic political party in the Netherlands . The party was founded in 1946 as a merger of the Social Democratic Workers' Party , the Free-thinking Democratic League and the Christian Democratic Union . Prime Ministers from the Labour Party have been Willem Drees (1948–1958), Joop den Uyl (1973–1977) and Wim Kok (1994–2002). From 2012 to 2017, the PvdA formed the second-largest party in parliament and

936-419: Is the gravestone or the memorial plaque . Also common are war memorials commemorating those who have died in wars. Memorials in the form of a cross are called intending crosses . Online memorials are often created on websites and social media to allow digital access as an alternative to physical memorials which may not be feasible or easily accessible. When somebody has died, the family may request that

1008-450: The New Left , changed the party. The New Left believed the party should become oriented towards the new social movements , adopting their anti-parliamentary strategies and their issues, such as women's liberation , environmental conservation and Third World development. Prominent New Left members were Jan Nagel , André van der Louw and Bram Peper . One of their early victories followed

1080-724: The Romani victims of the Nazi genocide was opened in Amsterdam in 1978, van Schijndel proposed a similar memorial which would be dedicated to the homosexuals who suffered during the Nazi rule. The founders of the fund also included representatives of the Labour Party , the People's Party and the Christian Democratic Party of the Netherlands. In 1980, artists were invited to submit designs and

1152-451: The Second Kok cabinet was formed. Kok retired from politics, leaving the leadership of the party to his preferred successor Ad Melkert . The PvdA was expected to perform very well in the 2002 general election ; however, the political rise of Pim Fortuyn frustrated these hopes. The PvdA lost the 2002 election, and the party's parliamentary representation fell from 45 seats to 23. The loss

1224-540: The Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP), the social liberal Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) and the progressive Protestant Christian Democratic Union (CDU). They were joined by individuals from Catholic resistance group Christofoor, as well as some of the more progressive members of the Protestant Christian Historical Union (CHU). The founding convention was chaired by NVB member Willem Banning . Despite its ambitions to force

1296-770: The 3 triangles on this square. Designed by Karin Daan, 1987. In 1991, the bridge over the Keizersgracht canal, located north of the Homomonument, was renamed in honour of the anti-fascist, resistance fighter, gay activist, and long-term leader of the COC Niek Engelschman. Every year, on the National Day of Remembrance on 4 May, the Homomonument hosts an official ceremony to commemorate the gays and lesbians who were victims of Nazi repression , as well as those who are still being persecuted for their sexual orientation around

1368-467: The CDA. Kok became Deputy Prime Minister to CDA leader Ruud Lubbers . The PvdA accepted the major economic reforms of the previous Lubbers cabinets, including privatisation of public enterprises and reform of the welfare state . They continued these policies in this cabinet. The cabinet faced heavy protest from the unions and saw major political conflict within the PvdA itself. In the 1994 general election ,

1440-539: The German occupation authorities. They came to the consensus that the pre-war fragmentation of Dutch political life, known as " Pillarisation ", should be overcome after the war in a so-called Breakthrough . These people formed the Dutch People's Movement (NVB) immediately after the war ended in 1945. The new movement promoted the foundation of the Labour Party on 9 February 1946 through a merger of three pre-war parties, namely

1512-528: The Progressive Accord (PAK). In the 1971 and 1972 general elections , these three parties promised to form a cabinet with a radical common programme after the elections. They were unable to gain a majority in either election. In 1971, they were kept out of cabinet, and the party of former PvdA members, DS'70, became a coalition partner in the First Biesheuvel cabinet . In the 1972 elections, neither

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1584-517: The PvdA after concluding it had become too socialist for their liking. Together with the Freedom Party , they formed the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), a conservative liberal party. Between 1948 and 1958, the PvdA led centre-left coalition governments with the KVP, and combinations of VVD, ARP and CHU, with the PvdA's Willem Drees as prime minister. The KVP and the PvdA together had

1656-571: The PvdA and its allies nor the KVP and its allies were able to gain a majority. The two sides were forced to work together. Joop den Uyl , the leader of the PvdA, led the cabinet. The cabinet was an extra-parliamentary cabinet composed of members of the three progressive parties, the KVP and the ARP. The cabinet attempted to radically reform government, society and the economy, and a wide range of progressive social reforms were enacted during its time in office, such as significant increases in welfare payments and

1728-453: The PvdA suffered the biggest defeat in Dutch electoral history, receiving only 5.7% of the votes and losing 29 of its 38 seats. Asscher did not resign from his post, claiming the defeat was his predecessor's responsibility. The party experienced a degree of revival in 2019, obtaining the most votes in that year's European Parliament election . This marked the first time the PvdA had finished first in

1800-418: The PvdA was once again the second largest party in the Netherlands, only slightly smaller than the CDA. Personal and ideological conflicts between Bos and the CDA leader Jan Peter Balkenende prevented the formation of a CDA–PvdA cabinet. Instead, the PvdA was kept out of government by the formation of cabinet of the CDA, the VVD, and D66, the latter being former allies of PvdA. In the 2006 municipal elections ,

1872-543: The PvdA–CDA coalition lost its majority in parliament; the PvdA, however, emerged as the biggest party. Kok formed a government together with the conservative liberal VVD and social liberal D66. This so-called purple government was a political novelty, because it was the first since 1918 without any ministers from the CDA or its predecessors. The First Kok cabinet continued the Lubbers-era economic reforms, but combined this with

1944-405: The VVD under Mark Rutte , with Labour's Lodewijk Asscher becoming Deputy Prime Minister. Opinion polls suggested that popular support for the PvdA fell into a gradual decline in the years after the 2012 election. The party was polled as low as 5% by Peil on 8 May 2016. In December 2016, Samson was defeated by Lodewijk Asscher in a party leadership election. In the 2017 general election ,

2016-514: The VVD, PvdA and D66 – but talks broke down and the PvdA entered opposition. Cohen resigned as leader in February 2012. Diederik Samsom was subsequently elected the party leader. In the 2012 general election , the Labour Party won 38 seats, a gain of eight, defying initial predictions that the Socialist Party would overtake it. Following the election the party entered a governing coalition with

2088-567: The canal fence on both sides (so that it can be seen both from land and from the water), contains an inscription in three languages (Dutch, English and French): Homomonument Commemorates all women and men ever oppressed and persecuted because of their homosexuality. Supports the International Lesbian and Gay Movement in their struggle against contempt, discrimination and oppression. Demonstrates that we are not alone. Calls for permanent vigilance. Past, present and future are represented by

2160-531: The centre lead down from the pavement to a platform resting on the water. The top of the triangle, projecting into the canal, points to Dam Square, where the National Monument to the Victims of World War II is located. Four pontoons protect the monument from possible damage by passing ships. This triangle symbolizes the present time. Here people can often be seen sitting on the steps, and on the platform resting near

2232-604: The fact of repression, considering the persecution of homosexuals to be legal, or argued that the creation of a monument to a separate small group was unjustifiable. Former Foreign Minister of the Netherlands Joseph Luns compared homosexuals to kleptomaniacs . In opposition to him, supporters of the monument noted that its construction would not make sense if there were no people in society who caused suffering to gays and lesbians, complicating their lives. The Daan design also drew criticism from some gay activists, who wanted

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2304-522: The fall of the Cals cabinet. The party Congress adopted a motion that made it impossible for the PvdA to govern with the KVP and its Protestant allies. In response to the growing power of the New Left group, a group of older, centrist party members, led by Willem Drees' son, Willem Drees Jr. , founded the New Right. They split in 1970, after it was clear that they had lost the conflict with the New Left, and founded

2376-659: The first monument of its kind, has gained worldwide fame and is a popular tourist attraction in Amsterdam. People from all over the world come to it to lay flowers and take pictures. The Homomonument underwent restoration in 2003. On 24 October 2006, the mayor of Amsterdam, Job Cohen , and the chairman of the LGBT organization COC, Frank van Dalen, inaugurated a model Homomonument in the Madurodam miniature park in The Hague . Another monument in memory of LGBT victims of repression and persecution

2448-562: The governance of the second and third Balkenende cabinet , the Socialist Party and GreenLeft were calling for closer cooperation with the PvdA, calling to form a shadow government against the Balkenende cabinet, PvdA leader Bos held this off. The PvdA has strong ties with GreenLeft . In the 2021 Dutch cabinet formation , the parties unsuccessfully combined. Prominent members including Frans Timmermans and Marjolein Moorman have called for

2520-478: The government impossible. The three confessional parties turned toward the PvdA. Together they formed the Cals cabinet , with KVP leader Jo Cals as prime minister. This cabinet too was short-lived and conflict-ridden. The conflicts culminated in the fall of the Cals cabinet over economic policy . Meanwhile, a younger generation was attempting to gain control of the PvdA. A group of young PvdA members, calling themselves

2592-441: The government, Wouter Bos announced he would leave politics to spend more time with his wife and two daughters. The then-mayor of Amsterdam, Job Cohen , took his place as leader of the PvdA. In the 2010 general election , the PvdA won 30 seats, a loss of three, and was narrowly overtaken by the VVD. After the election, a 'purple-plus coalition' was considered, which would have required the participation of GroenLinks , in addition to

2664-524: The ground, which together compose a larger triangle. It is located on the bank of the Keizersgracht canal , near the historic Westerkerk church. The Homomonument was designed to "inspire and support lesbians and gays in their struggle against denial, oppression and discrimination ." During the Netherlands' annual Remembrance Day ceremony on 4 May, wreaths are laid on the monument to commemorate LGBT victims of persecution. A day later, on Liberation Day ,

2736-469: The idea of a voting bloc on the left. It did, however, join the fourth Balkenende cabinet on 22 February 2007, in which Wouter Bos became minister of Finance . In the aftermath of the lost elections, the entire party executive stepped down on 26 April 2007. On Saturday 20 February 2010, the Labour Party withdrew from the government after arguments over the Dutch role in Afghanistan . After withdrawing from

2808-491: The ideological and personal conflict between Van Agt and Den Uyl prevented the formation of a new centre-left cabinet. After very long cabinet formation talks, the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), itself a new Christian democratic political formation composed of KVP, CHU and ARP, formed a government, based on a very narrow majority, with the VVD. The PvdA was left in opposition. In the 1981 general election ,

2880-467: The incumbent CDA–VVD cabinet lost its majority. The CDA remained the largest party, but it was forced to co-operate with the PvdA and D'66 (the PPR had left the alliance, after losing in the 1977 election). In the new cabinet led by Van Agt, Den Uyl returned to cabinet as Deputy Prime Minister. The personal and ideological conflict between Van Agt and Den Uyl culminated in the fall of the cabinet just months after it

2952-510: The indexation of benefits and the minimum wage to the cost of living. The PvdA also faced economic decline and was riddled with personal and ideological conflicts. The relationship between Prime Minister Den Uyl and the KVP Deputy Prime Minister Dries Van Agt was particularly problematic. These conflict culminated when the cabinet fell just before the 1977 general election . The PvdA came first in that election, but

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3024-417: The large triangle, points to the home of Anne Frank , a Jewish girl whose diaries written during the German occupation of the Netherlands combined millions of human tragedies associated with the Nazi genocide in the story of one child. The three historical sites which the monument points to were chosen to further emphasize the context in which the memorial itself and its symbols exist. The plate, placed on

3096-463: The liberal parties Democrats 66 (D66) and People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). Between 1971 and 1977, PvdA was allied with D66 and the PPR. After 1977 until 1989, it was closely allied to D66. Since 2003, the relationship between the PvdA and D66 has considerably worsened, at first because PvdA was in opposition to the Second Balkenende cabinet , in which D66 had co-operated. During

3168-425: The memorial by the police and declared insulting to the memory of the dead. This incident angered the LGBT community and catalyzed the struggle for the recognition of victims of repression. Throughout the 1970s, similar wreath-placing demonstrations were executed with varying success, as activists pushed for the inclusion of homosexuals in the public's collective memory of Hitler's "social purification" campaigns. In

3240-469: The monument becomes the site of a street party. The Homomonument is an abstract composition of three pink triangles made of granite. The symbol has historical roots; the pink triangle was a cloth badge used in Nazi concentration camps to identify men who had been jailed for homosexuality, which also included bisexual men and transgender women. It is estimated that 100,000 men were arrested and half of these spent time imprisoned during Nazi rule. Subsequently,

3312-549: The monument binds us together here and now, but we are just as intertwined with the city and society in a larger time and space. The idea of perpetuating the memory of homosexual victims of World War II appeared at the very beginning of the organized Dutch gay movement . In 1961, activist Jef Last suggested a 'monument to the unknown gay': "No one knows how many there were, no statistics indicate how many of them were beaten to death in those camps or starved or otherwise succumbed. No flame burns for unknown homophiles". However, this idea

3384-438: The monument to be as imposing as possible without disturbing the environment, fitting it as closely as possible into the historic urban landscape. The Homomonument embodies three ideas and three times: the memory of the past, opposition to discrimination and repression in the present, and parting words for the future. The first triangle is located on the embankment of the Keizersgracht canal. Four gradually tapering steps broken in

3456-401: The monument to have a more imposing design. The first stone was laid on 28 April 1987, at Westermarkt. The opening ceremony of the Homomonument took place on 5 September 1987. It became the first gay monument of its kind in the world. Because of this, the Netherlands became known as the most tolerant Western nation, since the act of erecting a monument meant the recognition of the injustice of

3528-480: The monument, but construction did not begin for another seven years. Many organizations and individuals made donations for the monument, with individual contributions from the Dutch Parliament , the government of Ruud Lubbers , the city of Amsterdam and the province of North Holland . The idea of creating a monument was pointedly criticized by a number of political and public figures, who either did not recognize

3600-557: The party board, decides the order of candidates on electoral lists for the Senate, House of Representatives and European Parliament and has the final say over the party programme. Since 2002, a referendum of all members has partially replaced the Congress. Both the lead candidate of the House of Representatives candidate list, who is the political leader of the party, and the party chairman, who leads

3672-548: The party organisation, are selected by such a referendum. In 2002, Wouter Bos won the PvdA leadership election . As of 2024, PvdA has 43,675 members. They are organised in over 500 municipal branches. Rood is the party periodical. It appears eight times a year. The Young Socialists is the youth organisation of the PvdA. It is a member of Young European Socialists and the International Union of Socialist Youth . They publish

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3744-470: The past. The Homomonument was erected on the Westermarkt square on the banks of the Keizersgracht canal, near the historic Westerkerk church . The memorial is a composition of three equilateral triangles of pink granite with edge lengths of 10 meters, which are interconnected by thin lines of similar material, thus forming one large equilateral triangle with a side length of 36 meters. Karin Daan designed

3816-530: The periodical Lava . The scientific institute (or think tank ) of the PvdA is the Wiardi Beckman Foundation . It publishes the periodical Socialisme & Democratie . The PvdA participates in the Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy , a democracy assistance organisation of seven Dutch political parties. During the period of strong pillarisation the PvdA had strong links with

3888-419: The pink triangle became a symbol of the emancipation of the LGBT community and its struggle for its rights. However, the Homomonument not only commemorates the victims of World War II, but all homosexual men and women who have been persecuted and murdered. The monument also honours those who have fought for the freedom and human rights of LGBTQ members. The designer of the monument, artist Karin Daan , described

3960-441: The renewed PvdA performed very well. The PvdA became by far the largest party nationally, while the three governing parties lost a considerable number of seats in municipal councils. The PvdA lost the race for Prime Minister to the CDA after suffering a loss of nine seats in the 2006 general election . The PvdA now held only 33 seats, losing many votes to the Socialist Party (SP). The PvdA had previously distanced themselves from

4032-657: The social democratic broadcasting organisation VARA Broadcasting Association , the Dutch Association of Trade Unions , and the paper Het Vrije Volk . The PvdA is a full member of the Party of European Socialists and was formerly an observer member of the Socialist International until December 2014, having previously downgraded their membership in December 2012. The PvdA joined the Progressive Alliance ,

4104-477: The spring of 1979, during a period of rapid growth of the gay rights movement, the initiative to build a monument to persecuted homosexuals entered a qualitatively new stage when the Homomonument Foundation was founded. Its main goal was the implementation of the memorial project. One of the founders of the fund was Pacifist Socialist Party member Bob van Schijndel. Pointing to the fact that a monument to

4176-544: The square. It symbolizes the past. Around the perimeter of the slab is engraved a line from the poem "To the Young Fisherman" by the Dutch Jewish poet Jacob Israël de Haan , who was allegedly homosexual: "Such a boundless craving for friendship" ( Dutch : Naar Vriendschap Zulk een Mateloos Verlangen ), which, according to the plan of Karin Daan, describes the driving force in relationships between people. The apex, outside

4248-510: The symbolism of the monument as follows: I think the best part is that the monument integrates itself into the place like an embroidery , and from above it is clearly visible how the triangle is intertwined with the urban and social space, that, for example, when taxi drivers stand in the middle of the monument, they are hardly aware of it. I think that is the most beautiful component of the Homomonument: we are there, proud and strong as granite,

4320-456: The upcoming 2023 general election with a common policy programme and joint electoral list. The PvdA began as a traditional social democratic party, committed to building a welfare state . During the 1970s, it included new issues in its programme such as environmental conservation, Third World development and women's liberation. During the 1990s it moderated its programme to include Third Way economic and social positions, including reform of

4392-741: The vote. The party is a member of the European Party of European Socialists and the global Progressive Alliance . In the European Parliament , where the Labour Party has four seats, it is part of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats . During the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II , a group of prominent Dutchmen of all democratic political ideologies were interned as hostages in Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel by

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4464-429: The water, flowers are regularly laid and candles are lit. The second triangle is made in the form of a podium, rising 60 centimetres above the surface of the square. It symbolizes the future. The outward-facing peak points to the headquarters of the LGBT organization " COC " at Rosenstraat 14. The abbreviation "COC" originally stood for "Cultuur en Ontspannings-Centrum" (with nid. – "Centre for culture and recreation") and

4536-506: The welfare state and privatisation of public enterprise. The party adopted a new programme of principles in 2005, expressing a centre-left ideology. Its core issues are employment , social security and welfare as well as investing in public education , health care and public safety . The highest organ of the PvdA is the Congress , formed by delegates from the municipal branches. It convenes once every year. It appoints

4608-472: The world. The event, which brings together hundreds of people, is attended by various officials, representatives of political parties, and public organizations, many of whom make speeches. The ceremony begins at 8 pm and includes the laying of flowers, the lowering of the Dutch flag , and the traditional two minutes of silence followed by the national anthem " Wilhelmus ". Previously, the use of official paraphernalia

4680-458: Was blamed on the uncharismatic new leader Melkert, the perceived arrogance of the PvdA and the inability to answer the right-wing populist issues Fortuyn raised, especially immigration and integration . Melkert resigned as party leader and was replaced by Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven . The PvdA was kept out of cabinet. The government formed by CDA, VVD and the Pim Fortuyn List (LPF) fell after

4752-411: Was conceived as a neutral-sounding front for an LGBT organization. Founded in 1946, it is the oldest LGBT organization in the world. Near the triangle, there is an information kiosk called "Pink Point", which sells literature and souvenirs related to the gay life of the Netherlands. The podium itself is often used as a stage for various events. The third triangle is located flush with the paving stones of

4824-543: Was dedicated in Barcelona, Spain in 2011, which was modeled after the Homomonument. Today, the Westermarkt has become one of the centres of life for the Dutch LGBT community. Various events are often held here, including rallies, photo exhibitions, flash mobs, open lectures, weddings, celebrations, and other events. The Homomonument Foundation coordinates and funds these events. Memorial The most common type of memorial

4896-401: Was formed. The VVD and the CDA together had a majority in the 1982 general election and retained this in the 1986 general election . The PvdA was left in opposition. During this period the party began to reform. Den Uyl retired from politics in 1986, appointing former trade union leader Wim Kok as his successor. After the 1989 general election , the PvdA returned to cabinet together with

4968-527: Was not further developed until the 1970s, when the visibility and openness of the marginalized and stigmatized gay community became important political goals for many gay rights organizations. In 1970, a year before the complete decriminalization of homosexuality in the Netherlands, a group of gay activists were arrested for trying to lay a wreath at the National Monument to the Victims of World War II on Dam Square , Amsterdam. The flowers were removed from

5040-529: Was prohibited, but this position was later changed. On the King's Day on 27 April and Liberation Day on 5 May, colourful Pink Triangle festivals are held at Westermarkt, which include dances, concerts, performances by artists, drag queens , and so on. These festivities, according to the organizers, should testify to the connection between the past and the present and be a guarantee that history will not be forgotten and will not lose its relevance. The Homomonument, as

5112-544: Was the secondary partner in the Second Rutte cabinet with the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy . The party fell to nine seats in the House of Representatives at the 2017 general election , making it the seventh-largest faction in the chamber—its worst showing ever. However, the party rebounded with a first-place finish in the 2019 European Parliament election in the Netherlands , winning six of 26 seats, with 19% of

5184-470: Was unsuited for the leadership. Ploumen was replaced as parliamentary leader by Attje Kuiken . Following the 2023 Senate election in 30 May 2023, PvdA and GroenLinks deepened their co-operation by forming a joint parliamentary group in the senate, becoming the second-largest group behind the Farmer–Citizen Movement . On 17 July 2023, the party and Green Left announced that they would contest

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