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44-591: The national park was established according to the Decision number 90/2002/QĐ-TTg dated 12 July 2006 by the government of Vietnam . This decision turned the Nature Reserve into a National Park. Hoang Lien National Park is recognized as a part of ASEAN Heritage Parks and a Centre of Plant Diversity in the International Union for Conservation of Nature 's (IUCN) Plant Conservation Program. Hoang Lien National Park

88-475: A 484–0 vote by the National Assembly . After taking the oath of office on the same day, Chính nominated 26 people to serve in his Cabinet, including 4 deputy prime ministers (1 fewer than the previous term), 18 ministers, and 4 heads of ministerial-level agencies. The lineup was approved by the National Assembly on 28 July 2021. Cabinet members are expected to serve a five-year renewable term ending before

132-708: A member of the Politburo . The Central Committee of the Communist Party nominates candidates to the Standing Committee of the National Assembly , which then confirms and nominates those candidates for official election by all delegates of the National Assembly. The President appoints the Vice President , Prime Minister , ministers, and other officials with the consent of the National Assembly . The president

176-624: A mission for Economic Relations with Foreign Countries to act as a co-ordinating body for foreign aid. Since 1992 the executive branch of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is officially named the Government ( Chính phủ ). The current Government of Vietnam consists of 18 ministries, 4 ministry-level agencies and 8 other government-dependent agencies. The Government is headed by a prime minister ( Thủ tướng ) and four deputy prime ministers ( Phó Thủ tướng ). There are 18 ministries ( Bộ ); each

220-549: A newly created Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry. The ministries of power and mines were merged to form the Ministry of Energy, and a newly created Ministry of Labour, War Invalids, and Social Welfare consolidated the duties of three former ministries. The addition of two new ministerial bodies also resulted from the 6th National Party Congress: a Ministry of Information to replace the Vietnam Radio and Television Commission, and

264-514: Is Vietnam's mountainous Northwest and includes Fansipan , the highest mountain in Vietnam and on the Indochinese Peninsula . The total area of the core national park is 29,845 hectares (115.23 sq mi), which includes a strict protected area of 11,875 ha; a "forest rehabilitation area" of 17,900 ha; and an administration services area of 70 ha. The core part of Hoang Lien National Park

308-455: Is composed of the president, the prime minister and other members. The members of the NDSC are proposed by the president and approved by the National Assembly. NDSC members do not need to be members of the National Assembly. The decision-making process of the NDSC is that of a collective leadership . Among its powers is the right to mobilise all forces in the name of national defense, and in case of war

352-843: Is furthermore the nominal supreme Commander-in-chief of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces and Chairman of the Council for National Defense and Security . Additionally, the President is also a member of the Central Military Commission and the Central Police Party Committee. Since September 2011, the President is also the Chairman of the Central Steering Committee for Judicial Reform. The powers and prestige of

396-518: Is headed by a minister ( Bộ trưởng ): Four ministry-level agencies: Eight other government-dependent agencies: In addition, the Government of Vietnam also establishes many national committees ( Ủy ban Quốc gia ) when needed. The national committees are not separate political entities or ministries; instead they are composed of deputy prime ministers, ministers and deputy ministers in appropriate fields. The national committees act as advisor bodies to

440-617: Is headed by a minister, who is assisted by two to twelve deputy ministers. The number and functions of the ministries are not prescribed in the Constitution, but in 1987 there were twenty-three ministries and a number of other specialised commissions and departments. In an apparent response to the call by the Sixth National Party Congress in 1986 for a streamlined bureaucracy, several ministries were merged. The former ministries of agriculture, food, and food industry were joined in

484-453: Is not in session. Its duties include submitting draft laws, decrees, and other bills to the National Assembly and the Council of State; drafting state plans and budgets and implementing them following the National Assembly's approval; managing the development of the national economy; organising national defence activities and assuring the preparedness of the armed forces; and organising and managing

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528-634: Is the executive branch and body of the state administration of Vietnam (nhà nước). The members of the Government are appointed by the President of Vietnam on the advice of the Prime Minister of Vietnam and approved by the National Assembly . The Government is led by the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), which is headed by the CPV general secretary , often seen as the highest political post in Vietnam. After

572-556: Is the head of state of Vietnam , elected by the National Assembly of Vietnam from its delegates. Since Vietnam is a one-party state , candidates for the post are nominated by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam . The officeholder is generally considered to hold the second-highest position in the political system, practically after the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam . As head of state,

616-459: Is to represent Vietnam internally and externally. The officeholder is elected by the National Assembly of Vietnam , is responsible to it and reports to it. The tenure of the president is five years, the same as that of the National Assembly. The president continues to serve in his functions until the National Assembly elects a successor. The president has the following executive and legislative powers: The National Defense and Security Council (NDSC)

660-723: Is within San Sa Ho, Lao Chai, Ta Van, Ban Ho populated places, Sa Pa district, Lao Cai Province, and a part of Muong Khoa, Than Thuoc communes, Than Uyen district. The total peripheral area, the Hoang Lien Son-Van Ban section, is 38,724 hectares (149.51 sq mi), consisting of Sa Pa town and a few communes within Sa Pa and Van Ban districts, Lao Cai Province; and 2 communes within Phong Tho district, Lai Chau. There are six ethnic groups living in this area, with Dao and H'mong people being

704-473: The 1992 Constitution the executive branch was renamed as the Government ( Chính phủ ). The Government is headed by the prime minister. Based on The 2013 Constitution, the term of the Government follows the term of the National Assembly. At the expiration of the term of the National Assembly, the Government shall remain in office until a new Government is elected by the succeeding National Assembly. The Vietnamese Council of Ministers ( Hội đồng Bộ trưởng )

748-488: The 2026 election . The heads of other government-dependent agencies are appointed by the Prime Minister without approval by the National Assembly. Usually there is no term limit on the leaders of those agencies. The current heads of the government-dependent agencies are: President of Vietnam The President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( Vietnamese : Chủ tịch nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam )

792-461: The Constitution. On the other hands, presidents of Vietnam are regularly one of the top-ranked members of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam , making them practically among the most influential figures of the Vietnamese politics alongside the constitutional powers that they gained from their formal presidency. The former president Võ Văn Thưởng was listed as the fourth-ranking figure in

836-632: The Council of State was concurrently chairman of the National Defense Council (later the National Defense and Security Council) and commander-in-chief of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces . The Council of State supervised the works of other institutions, most notably the Council of Ministers, the Supreme People's Organ for Control and the People's Councils at all levels. It also presided over

880-409: The Council of State were taken from the Standing Committee of the National Assembly , which lost most of its powers and prestige in the 1980. The members of the Council of State were elected by the National Assembly and consisted of a chairman, deputy chairmen, a general secretary and other members. Council of State members could not concurrently be members of the Council of Ministers. The chairman of

924-488: The National Assembly can entrust the NDSC with special duties and powers. From the current Constitution of Vietnam , the Vietnamese media has described the presidency to be relatively similar to the presidents of Singapore , Germany , Austria ...which are largely ceremonial positions , however, the Vietnamese president still have certain, even though unclear, executive , judicial and legislative powers as designed by

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968-504: The National Assembly had the power to appoint and dismiss the president. The president represented Vietnam both internally and externally. The power and responsibilities of the president in 1946 constitution is very similar to the power and responsibilities of the president of the United States with elements from the president of France being both the head of state and the head of government . The 1959 constitution significantly reduced

1012-523: The Politburo hierarchy. The Politburo elected in the aftermath of the 11th National Party Congress (held in January 2011) by the Central Committee elected Trương Tấn Sang as the first-ranking member of the Politburo. This was the first time in Vietnamese history where the highest-ranking member of the Politburo does not hold post of either general secretary or chairman (was in existence from 1951 to 1969) of

1056-415: The President represents Vietnam both domestically and internationally, and maintains the regular and coordinated operation and stability of the national government and safeguards the independence and territorial integrity of the country. The President must be a delegate of the National Assembly . In addition, the President has traditionally been a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and

1100-409: The current CPV Politburo, and Nguyễn Phú Trọng served as the state's president from 2018 to 2021 while being the incumbent General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam , the title for the highest-ranking member in the Politburo as well as in the whole Communist Party of Vietnam that he has assumed undisrupted since 2011. According to Article 93 of the Constitution of Vietnam (2013): "When

1144-433: The elections of the National Assembly. The office of Chairman of the Council of State, the head of state, was abolished in the 1992 Constitution and replaced by the office of President. The importance of the president has not remained constant throughout Vietnamese history. For instance, while Hồ Chí Minh was ranked as first member of the Politburo , the highest decision-making body in Vietnam, his successor, Tôn Đức Thắng ,

1188-531: The establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on 2 September 1945, based on the 1946 Constitution , the executive branch was called the Government ( Chính phủ ). The Government was headed by the president , which was the second highest position in Vietnam. Under the president was the Cabinet, which was headed by the prime minister ( Thủ tướng ). From 1959 to 1980, based on the 1959 Constitution ,

1232-401: The executive branch was named as the Council of Government ( Hội đồng Chính phủ ). The Council of Government was headed by the prime minister. From 1980 to 1992, based on the 1980 Constitution , the executive branch was called the Council of Ministers ( Hội đồng Bộ trưởng ). The Council of Ministers was headed by the chairman (equivalent to the prime minister). From 1992 onwards, based on

1276-527: The majority. Hoang Lien National Park is home to numerous species of plants and animals, many of which are rare and endangered. Over 3000 plant species have been recorded in the park, including many endemic and endangered species. The mountainous terrain of the park means distinct altitudinal zonation is seen, with the flora changing from tropical plants at low elevations to temperate alpine plants at high elevations. An estimated amount of 25 percent of Vietnam's endemic plants are found on Fansipan mountain. At

1320-449: The office of president have varied over the years. For instance, while the inaugural president, Hồ Chí Minh , was also the chairman of the Communist Party , making him (in that capacity) the first ranking member of the Politburo , the highest decision-making body in Vietnam. His successor, Tôn Đức Thắng , was not a member of the Politburo and served as a symbolic figure under General Secretary Lê Duẩn . Since Trường Chinh 's ascension to

1364-555: The park, including the Fansipan shrew mole . The population of mammals in Hoang Lien National Park is low due to poaching. In 1999, it is recorded that there are 347 bird species in and around the nature reserve, including 49 species that are restricted in Vietnam to North-west Tonkin. Fansipan is the type locality for the snake Protobothrops cornutus and about one-third of amphibian species present in Vietnam can be found in

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1408-511: The park. A total of 38 different anuran (frogs and toads) species were observed in Hoang Lien National Park in 1997-1998. Government of Vietnam [REDACTED] Vietnam portal The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( Vietnamese : Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam ; less formally the Vietnamese Government or the Government of Vietnam , Vietnamese : Chính phủ Việt Nam )

1452-433: The party. Since Trương Tấn Sang is first-ranked member of the Politburo, he is the body's unofficial head. Politburo meetings are held regularly; decisions within the Politburo are made through collective decision-making , and policies are only enacted if a majority of Politburo members supports them. The president is selected for a term of office of five years. The term of office of the incumbent president continues until

1496-488: The power of the president, making the president the de jure leader of Vietnam while handling most of the de facto power to the post of general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam . The 1980 constitution transformed the office of head of state dramatically. The office of president was abolished and replaced with the office of Chairman of the Council of State (CC). The CC chairmanship

1540-504: The presidency is five years, and a president can only serve three terms. If the President becomes unable to discharge duties of office, the Vice President will assume the acting presidency on an interim basis until the President resumes duty, or until the election of a new president by the National Assembly. Vice President Võ Thị Ánh Xuân served as Acting President of Vietnam twice, in 2023 and 2024. Her predecessor, Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh ,

1584-464: The presidency, the president has been ranked 1st (if concurrently served as General Secretary) or 2nd in the order of precedence of the Communist Party's Politburo, except for President Nguyễn Minh Triết (who ranked fourth) and President Võ Chí Công (who ranked third). Four persons served concurrently as head of both the party and state: Hồ Chí Minh (1951–1969), Trường Chinh (1986), Nguyễn Phú Trọng (2018–2021), and Tô Lâm (2024). The tenure of

1628-472: The president-elect takes office. On assuming office, the president takes the following oath before the parliament: In my capacity as President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, I swear complete allegiance to the country, people, and constitution; to fulfill the tasks assigned by the State, and people. [REDACTED] Vietnam portal The president is the head of state of Vietnam, and his main priority

1672-432: The prime minister on social and economic issues, and coordinate actions between many ministries and agencies. Therefore, the national committees do not have any executive powers. Currently there are nine national committees; each is headed by a chairman ( Chủ tịch ): Incumbent Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính , who had replaced Nguyễn Xuân Phúc as prime minister since 5 April 2021, was re-elected on 26 July 2021 following

1716-421: The state's foreign relations. Its membership includes a chairman, vice-chairman, cabinet ministers, and the heads of state committees, whose terms of office coincide with that of the National Assembly. The Council of Ministers includes its own standing committee, which serves to co-ordinate and mobilise the council's activities. In 1986 the standing committee was expanded from ten to thirteen members. Each ministry

1760-472: The turn of the century, a total of 199 butterfly species had been observed in Hoang Lien National Park. For moths, the Tortricid Fansipaniana is named after the mountain, which is the type locality; other records include 78 species of sphynx moths and a total of 286 species of Noctuidae . There are ten species of animals and four species of birds which are globally endangered were recorded in

1804-413: Was a symbolic figure with little power. The post of head of state was strengthened in the 1980 Constitution by the appointment of Trường Chinh who was, by order of precedence, the second-highest-ranking member in the Politburo, behind Lê Duẩn . The office of president retained the second highest rank in the Politburo order of precedence until Nguyễn Minh Triết was appointed in 2006; he ranked fourth in

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1848-477: Was entrusted by the 1980 Constitution with managing and implementing the governmental activities of the state. It is described in that document as "the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the highest executive state body of the highest body of state authority." It is accountable to the National Assembly of Vietnam , and, more directly, to the Vietnamese Council of State when the National Assembly

1892-567: Was modelled after the Soviet office of Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet . The Council of State, as with the Council of Ministers , was a collective decision-making body . Both the Council of State and the Council of Ministers were part of the executive branch; the strengthening of these institutions weakened the role of the legislative branch. The duties, powers and responsibilities of

1936-406: Was the first woman in Vietnamese history to assume the (acting) presidency following the death of President Trần Đại Quang in 2018. General Lương Cường is the incumbent President of Vietnam, serving in this role since 21 October 2024, succeeding General Secretary Tô Lâm. Hồ Chí Minh was appointed Vietnam's first president in 1946 by the National Assembly. The 1959 Constitutions stated that

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