A municipiu (from Latin municipium ; English: municipality ) is a level of administrative subdivision in Romania and Moldova , roughly equivalent to city in some English-speaking countries .
11-665: Higab (previously Higabgruppen; English: Higab Group ) is a municipal company wholly owned by Gothenburg Municipality in Sweden . The company was formed in 1966 as H antverks- och I ndustrihus i G öteborg AB to administer and develop many of the public buildings in the municipality. The company also acts as a contractor from time to time. Some of the over 300 objects administered by Higab or its subsidiaries include Gothenburg City Theatre , Gothenburg Museum of Art , Feskekôrka , Röhss Museum , Barque Viking , Gamla Ullevi and Ullevi . This Swedish corporation or company article
22-561: A special-purpose district . The English word is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to the Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to the inhabitants) while permitting
33-466: A mayor and local council. There are no official administrative subdivisions of cities even though, unofficially, municipalities may be divided into quarters/districts ( cartiere in Romanian ). The exception to this is Bucharest , which has a status similar to that of a county, and is officially subdivided into six administrative sectors . In Moldova, which has thirteen municipii , a 2002 law provides that
44-449: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to
55-453: Is given to towns that are large and urbanized; at present, there are 103 municipii . There is no clear benchmark regarding the status of municipiu even though it applies to localities which have a sizeable population, usually above 15,000, and extensive urban infrastructure. Localities that do not meet these loose guidelines are classified only as towns ( orașe ), or if they are not urban areas, as communes ( comune ). Cities are governed by
66-670: The state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from the state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have the constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to
77-516: The Spanish term ayuntamiento , referring to a municipality's administration building, is extended via synecdoche to denote the municipality itself. In Moldova and Romania , both municipalities ( municipiu ; urban administrative units) and communes ( comună ; rural units) exist, and a commune may be part of a municipality. In many countries, comparable entities may exist with various names. Municipiu In Romania, this status
88-461: The communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from a sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to
99-525: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,
110-494: The status applies to the cities that play an important role in the country's economic, social, cultural, scientific, political and administrative life. † lost status in 1938 Of the seventeen municipii created in 1925, three are no longer in Romania: Cernăuți , Cetatea Albă , and Chișinău . Additionally, Bălți became one in 1929; together with Cetatea Albă, it lost the title in 1938. Cluj and Oradea temporarily lost
121-617: The title in 1940 as a result of the Second Vienna Award , while it was granted to Odessa and Tiraspol during the Transnistria Governorate period. The status was not used between 1950 and 1968, so that cities which lost it in 1950 were reassigned it in 1968. The most recent municipii were created in 2003. Chișinău, Tiraspol, Bălți, and Bender/Tighina have been municipii continuously since 1995, and Comrat since 1998. Cahul, Edineț, Hîncești, Orhei, Soroca, and Ungheni held
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