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38-496: Hi-Five is an American R&B quintet from Waco, Texas . Hi-Five had a No. 1 hit on Billboard' s Hot 100 in 1991 with " I Like the Way (The Kissing Game) ". The band was formed in 1989 and originally consisted of a trio; with childhood friends Tony Thompson , Russell Neal, and Oklahoma native, Toriano Easley. Jive Records , later suggested that the trio's other childhood friends, Roderick "Pooh" Clark, and Marcus Sanders, be added to

76-464: A Boy "(2006). Rico Love co-wrote Usher's " Throwback " (2005), Keri Hilson's " Energy "(2008), Pleasure P 's " Boyfriend #2 "(2008). The-Dream wrote Rihanna 's " Umbrella "(2007), J. Holiday 's " Bed " and Usher's " Moving Mountains " and " Trading Places "(2008). Ne-Yo wrote Mario's " Let Me Love You ", Rihanna's " Take a Bow " and " Unfaithful ", Beyoncé's " Irreplaceable "(2006) and “ Me & U ”(2006) by Cassie. According to Billboard ,

114-526: A new incarnation of the band, under the Hi-Five name. This later resulted in a legal battle, between Thompson and former Hi-Five members, which put the band on even more haphazard terms. In 2007, lead singer Tony Thompson, died in drug related circumstances. In 2012, as a result of Thompson's passing, the remaining members of Hi-Five in Thompson's honor, decided to reunite. In 2022, Roderick "Pooh" Clark died. Hi-Five

152-517: A new sound that fuses the rhythmic elements of funk and disco, along with heavy doses of synthesizers, percussion, sound effects, and a rap music sensibility." Ripani wrote that "the success of "Control" led to the incorporation of stylistic traits of rap over the next few years, and Janet Jackson was to continue to be one of the leaders in that development." That same year, Teddy Riley began producing R&B recordings that included hip hop influences. This combination of R&B style and hip hop rhythms

190-419: A remix of her 1995 single " Fantasy ", with Ol' Dirty Bastard as a feature, a collaboration format that was unheard of at this point. Carey, Boyz II Men and TLC released albums in 1994 and 1995— Daydream . In the late 1990s, neo soul , which added 1970s soul influences to the hip hop soul blend, arose, led by artists such as Erykah Badu , Lauryn Hill and Maxwell . Hill and Missy Elliott further blurred

228-454: A toxic amount of freon . He is buried at Doris Miller Memorial Park in Waco. In 2011, Treston Irby released his debut solo single "Everything" under the mantle Tru$ on his independent label, Bronx Most Wanted Ent. In 2012, Irby, Shannon Gill and Marcus Sanders reformed Hi-Five with two new members, Andre Ramseur (aka Dre Wonda) and Faruq Evans. They released a single called "Favorite Girl" also on

266-453: A visionary album, that found a way to break disco wide open into a new world where the beat was undeniable, but not the primary focus" and "was part of a colorful tapestry of lush ballads and strings, smooth soul and pop, soft rock, and alluring funk". Richard J. Ripani wrote that Janet Jackson 's Control (1986) was "important to the development of R&B for several reasons", as she and her producers, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis , "crafted

304-507: Is far more diverse and incorporates more sonic elements than before, as it expands its appeal and commercial viability. Trap music 's influence maintained a strong presence on the music charts with R&B singer Beyoncé 's songs " Drunk in Love ", " Flawless " and " 7/11 ", Bryson Tiller 's debut studio album, Trapsoul and Mary J. Blige 's " Thick of It ". Latin R&;B is gaining ground since

342-649: The "Billboard" 200 . His debut single " Run It! " peaked atop on the Billboard Hot 100, Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and the US Radio Songs . During this time also came the emergence of R&B songwriters . Bryan-Michael Cox co-wrote Usher's " Burn " and " Confessions Part II "(2005), Mariah Carey's " Shake It Off " and " Don't Forget About Us " (2006), and Chris Brown's " Say Goodbye "(2006). Keri Hilson would co-write songs Mary J. Blige 's " Take Me as I Am " (2006), Omarion's " Ice Box " (2006), and Ciara's " Like

380-420: The Billboard Hot 100 were African-American recording artists and accounted for 80% of the number-one R&B hits that year. Along with Usher's streak of singles, Top 40 radio and both pop and R&B charts were topped by Outkast 's " Hey Ya! ", Snoop Dogg 's " Drop It Like It's Hot ", Terror Squad 's " Lean Back " and Ciara 's " Goodies ". Chris Molanphy of " The Village Voice " later remarked that "by

418-630: The Montreal Protocol of August 1987, as they have been shown to be responsible for ozone depletion . Brands of Freon containing hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) instead have replaced many uses, but they, too, are under strict control under the Kyoto Protocol , as they are deemed "super-greenhouse effect" gases. It is possible to convert Freon-11 into three dimensional graphene through chemical treatment involving magnesium powder. Injecting CCl 3 F (Freon-11) into an argon filled container and across

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456-534: The 1890s. In the late 1920s, a research team was formed by Charles Franklin Kettering in General Motors to find a replacement for the dangerous refrigerants then in use, such as ammonia . The team was headed by Thomas Midgley Jr. In 1928, they improved the synthesis of CFCs and demonstrated their usefulness for such a purpose and their stability and nontoxicity. Kettering patented a refrigerating apparatus to use

494-634: The BMW label. Ramseur later left the group and was replaced by Billy Covington. On July 2, 2014, former Hi-Five member Russell Neal was charged with murder, over the fatal stabbing of his wife in Houston. Hi-Five was featured on the TVOne music documentary series Unsung on August 6, 2014, chronicling the quintet's upbringing in Waco, their rise to superstardom, tragedies among group members, and their comeback. Former member Roderick “Pooh” Clark died on April 17, 2022, at

532-465: The US and over 20   million copies worldwide. Confessions had four consecutive Billboard Hot 100 number one singles—" Yeah! ", " Burn ", " Confessions Part II " and " My Boo ". It won three Grammy Awards in 2005, including Best Contemporary R&B Album , Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal for "My Boo" and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Yeah!" In 2004, all 12 songs that topped

570-432: The age of 49. Contemporary R%26B Contemporary R&B (or simply R&B ) is a popular music genre that combines rhythm and blues with elements of pop , soul , funk , hip hop , and electronic music . The genre features a distinctive record production style and a smooth, lush style of vocal arrangement. Electronic influences and the use of hip hop or dance -inspired beats are typical, although

608-544: The best-selling soundtrack of all time. Janet Jackson 's self-titled fifth studio album Janet (1993), which came after her multimillion-dollar contract with Virgin Records , sold over 14 million copies worldwide. Boyz II Men and Mariah Carey recorded several Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 hits, including " One Sweet Day ", a collaboration between both acts, which became the longest-running No. 1 hit in Hot 100 history. Carey also released

646-408: The chest down. In 1993, Hi-Five emerged with a third album, Faithful , which featured the songs " Unconditional Love " (Pop No. 92, R&B No. 21) and " Never Should've Let You Go " (Pop No. 30, R&B No. 10). "Unconditional Love" was also featured in the multi-platinum Menace II Society soundtrack, and received extensive airplay on urban contemporary stations throughout the summer of 1993 as

684-474: The early 2000s, urban music "was" pop music." Between 2005 and 2009 Raymond, Knowles and Keys released albums— B'Day , Here I Stand , I Am... Sasha Fierce and The Element of Freedom . Mariah Carey's The Emancipation of Mimi (2005) debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and earned ten Grammy Award nominations. The second single " We Belong Together " topped the Hot 100 charts for 14 weeks, and

722-588: The early 2000s, which featured massive crossover success on the Billboard charts by R&B and hip hop artists. In 2001, Alicia Keys released " Fallin' " as her debut single, peaking at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , Mainstream Top 40 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. It won three Grammy Awards in 2002, including Song of the Year , Best R&B Song , and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance . It

760-519: The gas; this was issued to Frigidaire , a wholly owned subsidiary of General Motors . In 1930, General Motors and DuPont formed Kinetic Chemicals to produce Freon. Their product was dichlorodifluoromethane and is now designated "Freon-12", "R-12", or "CFC-12". The number after the R is a refrigerant class number developed by DuPont to systematically identify single halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as other refrigerants besides halocarbons. Most uses of CFCs are now banned or severely restricted by

798-451: The genre into a looser musical direction. The nearest precursor to contemporary R&B came at the end of the disco era in the late 1970s, when Michael Jackson and Quincy Jones added more electronic elements to the sound of the time, creating a smoother dancefloor-friendly style. The first result was Off the Wall (1979), which—according to Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic —"was

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836-833: The genre. The use of effects such as Auto-Tune and new computerized synths have given R&B a more futuristic feel while still attempting to incorporate many of the genre's common themes such as love and relationships. According to Christgau in 2017, "almost all R&B goes for voice-plus-sound rather than voice-plus-song, with the sound ranging from precision track-and-hook to idiosyncratic atmospherics." Early 2010s artists Usher and Chris Brown began embracing new electronic influences while still keeping R&B's original feel. Usher's " OMG " and " DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love ", and Chris Brown's " Yeah 3x " are all EDM-oriented. Singers Miguel , John Legend and Jeremih are popular in mainstream hip hop for many collaborations with rappers such as Wale , Rick Ross and J. Cole . Today's R&B

874-466: The group decided to accept Giant records offer, and change labels, while their Jive contract was still pending, Giant records, instead decided to focus their attention on lead singer Tony Thompson, neglecting the projects related to the group. Because of this discrepancy, the group disbanded. Tony Thompson was later signed to Bad Boy Records . In 2005, without consulting the initial members of Hi-Five, Tony Thompson put together several new vocalists to form

912-405: The group, with them being signed as an official ensemble, making the five of them together, the founding original members of Hi-Five. During the release of their debut album, Toriano Easley was charged with a crime, which involved a dispute with his neighborhood friends, which made him unable to continue with the group. The label recruited New York native Treston Irby, as a replacement member. After

950-535: The line between R&B and hip hop by recording both styles. Beginning in 1995, the Grammy Awards enacted the Grammy Award for Best R&B Album , with II by Boyz II Men becoming the first recipient. The award was later received by TLC for CrazySexyCool in 1996, Tony Rich for Words in 1997, Erykah Badu for Baduizm in 1998 and Lauryn Hill for The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill in 1999. In 1994

988-444: The most commercially successful R&B acts of the decade were Usher , Alicia Keys , Beyoncé , Mariah Carey , Rihanna , Chris Brown , Ne-Yo and Akon . Continuing from the 1990s and 2000s, R&B, like many other genres, drew influences from the technical innovations of the time and began to incorporate more electronic and machine-made sounds and instruments, this evolving style called Electro-R&B slowly began dominating

1026-452: The movie increased in popularity. "Never Should've Let You Go" was featured on the Sister Act 2 soundtrack. On June 1, 2007, Tony Thompson's body was discovered by security officers at around 10 p.m. near an air-conditioning unit outside of an apartment complex in his native Waco, Texas. An autopsy later determined that he had died from "toxic effects of chlorodifluoromethane ", or inhaling

1064-427: The release of their second album, Russell Neal left the group after financial conflicts with the record label. Unfortunately congruently, while the group was on tour carrying on as four members, Roderick "Pooh" Clark was injured in a vehicle collision, making him paralyzed from the chest down, which his injuries made him depart from the group. The label added Shannon Gill, and Terrence Murphy as replacement members. When

1102-473: The roughness and grit inherent in hip hop may be reduced and smoothed out. Contemporary R&B vocalists often use melisma , and since the mid-1980s, R&B rhythms have been combined with elements of hip hop culture and music, pop culture and pop music. According to Geoffrey Himes speaking in 1989, the progressive soul movement of the early 1970s "expanded the musical and lyrical boundaries of [R&B] in ways that haven't been equaled since". This movement

1140-780: The singer Aaliyah drop her debut album and in 1996 she released her second album called "One In A Million" with different sounds and produced by Missy Elliot and Timbaland, unknown at that moment. At the end of 1999, Billboard magazine ranked Mariah Carey and Janet Jackson as the first and second most successful artists of the 1990s. Simultaneously, in the second half of the 1990s, The Neptunes and Timbaland set influential precedence on contemporary R&B and hip hop music. Writing in 2003, music critic Robert Christgau describes modern R&B as being "about texture, mood, feel—vocal and instrumental and rhythmic, articulated as they're smooshed together". Following periods of fluctuating success, urban music attained commercial dominance during

1178-573: The surface of molten magnesium powder allows the chemicals to undergo a reduction reaction that creates three dimensional graphene. This three dimensional graphene is highly conductive and can be used to create high-rate supercapacitors for storage of electrical power. Freon, when used as an inhalant has been found to have desired effects such as euphoria or intoxication. This has led to some individuals using Freon recreationally in order to achieve these effects. When inhaled, Freon has toxic effects that can have detrimental impacts on various systems in

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1216-453: The wave of artists began mixing trap with that sound in the middle of this decade. Spanish-language singles by Alex Rose, Rauw Alejandro and Paloma Mami , which borrow shrewdly from R&B, are captivating a global audience. In Latin America, the genre became popular with Alex Rose's "Toda", and Sech 's " Otro Trago ". Freon The first CFCs were synthesized by Frédéric Swarts in

1254-622: Was also nominated for Record of the Year . Beyoncé 's solo studio debut album Dangerously in Love (2003) has sold over 5   million copies in the United States and earned five Grammy Awards . Usher 's Confessions (2004) sold 1.1   million copies in its first week and over 8   million copies in 2004, since then it has been certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and, As of 2016, has sold over 10   million copies in

1292-577: Was later hailed "song of the decade" and won a Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance in 2006. The mid-2000s came with the emergence of new R&B acts Ashanti , Keyshia Cole and Akon . Ashanti's eponymous debut album topped both US Billboard 200 and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. It earned her three Grammy nominations winning one for the Best Contemporary R&;B Album . R&B newcomer Chris Brown released his self-titled album in 2005 which debuted at number two on

1330-553: Was led by soul singer-songwriter/producers such as Curtis Mayfield , Marvin Gaye , and Stevie Wonder . Norman Whitfield 's productions at Motown , the record label of Gaye, were also pioneering for setting the soul vocals and simple hooks of earlier rhythm and blues records against strong backbeats , vocal harmonies, and orchestral sounds, all of which thickened the texture of the music. Gaye's own music on albums such as What's Going On (1971) incorporated jazz influences that led

1368-520: Was originally signed to Jive Records in late 1989 and released their eponymous debut album in 1990. The album was produced by Teddy Riley and went platinum. It included singles "I Just Can't Handle It" (R&B No. 10), " I Can't Wait Another Minute " (Pop No. 8, R&B No.1) and " I Like the Way (The Kissing Game) ", which went to number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and the U.S. Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart (making it their biggest hit to date). The group's second LP, Keep It Goin' On ,

1406-477: Was released in 1992. Though not as successful as their debut effort, several tracks from this album, including " She's Playing Hard to Get " (Pop No. 5, R&B No. 2) and the R. Kelly -penned "Quality Time" (Pop No. 38, R&B No. 3) got major airplay in East Coast (US) urban markets. Shortly after this album was released, the group was involved in a vehicular accident, which left Roderick "Pooh" Clark paralyzed from

1444-420: Was termed " new jack swing " and was applied to artists such as Keith Sweat , Bobby Brown , Johnny Kemp , and Bell Biv DeVoe . Using hip hop -inspired backing tracks, a new genre labeled " hip hop soul " was created by Mary J. Blige and producer Sean Combs . During the mid-1990s, Whitney Houston 's The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album eventually sold over 45 million copies worldwide becoming

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