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49-761: Herty may refer to: Charles Herty (1867–1938), American academic, scientist, and businessman Herty Advanced Materials Development Center , a research facility in Savannah, Georgia Herty Field , a sports facility at the University of Georgia Herty Lewites (1939–2006), a Nicaraguan politician Herty Medal , an award presented by the American Chemical Society Herty, Texas , an unincorporated community in Angelina County, Texas SS Charles H. Herty ,

98-738: A UGA scholarship fund provided by the Alumni Association, the Herty Forest Institute in Waycross, Georgia , the liberty ship SS Charles H. Herty (launched in 1943), and Herty Drive and Herty Field on the northwest campus of UGA. A plaque with his portrait was also hung by order of the Georgia General Assembly at the Georgia State Capitol in 1946. The Charles H. Herty Medal has been awarded annually since 1933 by

147-464: A United States Marine Corps ship Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Herty . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herty&oldid=909955588 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

196-760: A dispute with the chair of the department. On January 1, 1902, he joined the United States Bureau of Forestry . After continued recruitment efforts by Venable, the president of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) at the time, Herty finally accepted a long-offered appointment as the head of that school's chemistry department in January 1905 and served as the Smith Professor of Applied Chemistry, officially beginning his duties in July of that year. In 1908, Herty

245-586: A position at the Barhamville Institute , a prestigious school that aspired to teach young women at the collegiate level. She taught German, instrumental and vocal music, and painting. In 1860, Sosnowski opened a school of her own in central Columbia. It became "Madame Sosnowski's Female Institute" in 1862. Sosnowski took over as headmistress of the Barhamville Institute in 1864, since the "venerable" owner, Elias Marks , had retired. She brought

294-678: A principled, upright, freedom-loving supporter of the Union." However, Sosnowski was among those German Americans who became supporters of the South and the Confederacy . After the Civil War, she wrote that "While slavery was in general a blessing [ sic ] to the Negro, still the institution in the abstract was antagonistic to the spirit of our age; hence it had to fall." In 1856–57, Sosnowski again took

343-666: A private ceremony at Memory Hill Cemetery in Milledgeville. On June 13, 1938, the Southland Paper Mills, Inc. was organized, the next year the mill site was dedicated to Herty on May 27, 1939, and the first commercial newsprint made of Southern pine started production at this facility on January 17, 1940. The St. Regis Paper Company purchased controlling interest in Southland and eventually purchased it outright in 1977, and in 1984 Champion International bought St. Regis to become

392-523: A research professorship and laboratory equipment for Professor Alfred Scott to study the turpentine-derivative resene. In 1926, Herty began a professional relationship with U.S. Senator Joseph Ransdell based on their mutual interest in public health issues and protectionism . Herty was instrumental in assisting the Senator in the four-year struggle to gain the 1930 passage of the Ransdell Act which created

441-728: A school of her own, calling it "The Home School". Many of the Lucy Cobb students followed her there. "The Home School became famous all over the South, especially in Georgia and South Carolina." It operated out of the historic Lumpkin House . "Sosnowski or her daughter Caroline conducted this school until around 1900." Sosnowski's daughter Sophie Augusta died in 1867 after the birth of her second daughter Sophie Schaller. Sosnowski and Caroline raised Sophie Augusta's two daughters Ida Schaller and Sophie Schaller. Sosnowski died on Monday, 17 July 1899. She

490-509: Is a two-story structure at Georgia Southern University campus, used for science courses, including geology, geography, and chemistry. Also at Georgia Southern University is the Herty Pine Forest, a tract of old-growth Southern Yellow pines used for turpentine research. There is also the science building at Georgia College & State University and the science and agriculture building at Savannah State University . Other namesakes include

539-410: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Charles Herty Charles Holmes Herty Sr. (December 4, 1867 – July 27, 1938) was an American academic, scientist, and entrepreneur. Serving in academia as a chemistry professor to begin his career, Herty concurrently promoted collegiate athletics including creating the first varsity football team at

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588-505: The Barhamville Institute in Columbia . Bishop Stephen Elliott recruited Sosnowski to teach at Montpelier Female Institute in Georgia, where she stayed until she moved back to Columbia in 1850. Willard and Elliott both maintained lifelong friendships with the Sosnowski family. Generally "...   the stock image of the typical German immigrant, before and during the Civil War, is that of

637-699: The Chemical & Engineering News in 1924. Herty remained editor of the IJEC through the latter half of 1921. On October 28, 1921, a group of synthetic organic chemical manufacturers created the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers' Association (SOCMA). As part of that meeting, they also convinced Herty to become president of this new organization and his focus now shifted to the federal government in Washington, D.C. Herty also focused on improving

686-700: The Chemical Foundation . He was also instrumental in the creation of the National Institutes of Health . Towards the end of his career, Herty's research and advocacy led to the creation of a new pulp industry in the Southern United States that utilized southern pine trees to create newsprint . Born in Milledgeville, Georgia , in 1867, Herty attended the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens ,

735-646: The Herty Advanced Materials Development Center . The center is part of Georgia Southern University. # denotes interim head coach Sophie Sosnowski Sophie Wentz Sosnowski was born (as Sophia Marie Wentz) on April 23, 1810 in Karlsruhe within the Grand Duchy of Baden . Sosnowski's father Christian Wentz served as Court Physician to the Grand Duke and her mother Augusta Oehlenheinz

784-719: The National Institute of Health from the existing Hygienic Laboratory within the United States Public Health Service . In 1927, Herty relinquished his full-time responsibilities at the Foundation to become a chemical consultant to universities, trade associations, municipal governments and private firms in the southern U.S. He continued to work on several Foundation initiatives including the Ransdell bill for an annual retainer of US$ 5,000 through 1930. Herty formed

833-642: The Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA), which held its first meeting in Atlanta on December 22, 1894. Herty died on July 27, 1938, in Savannah, Georgia , from complications due to a series of heart attacks in the months preceding his death. Services were held at St. John's Episcopal Church in Savannah. Herty's body was cremated in Macon, Georgia and his remains were interred in

882-526: The Troy Female Seminary , founded by Emma Willard , who was an early female education activist. Sosnowski taught music, French and German. Music education was particularly important in young women's education at that time. Finding the upstate New York climate unsuitable to her health, Sosnowski moved to South Carolina around 1845. Sosnowski briefly taught at Mm. Dupree's school in Charleston and at

931-529: The University of Georgia . His academic research gravitated towards applied chemistry where he revolutionized the turpentine industry in the United States. While serving as the president of the American Chemical Society , Herty became a national advocate for the nascent American chemical industry and left academia to preside over the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers' Association (SOCMA) and

980-621: The Alkali-Metals . Herty married Sophie Schaller of Athens (granddaughter of Sophie Sosnowski ) on December 23, 1895, and they had three children: Charles "Holmes", Jr., Frank Bernard and Sophia "Dolly" Dorothea. Holmes became a metallurgist and vice-president of Bethlehem Steel and was elected to both the United States National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society . Frank worked for

1029-801: The American Forestry Association. Herty was also active in Orange County society and business. He was a member of the county commission and president of the local school board from 1910 until 1916. As part-owner of several local businesses including the Chapel Hill Telephone Company and the Chapel Hill Bank, Herty became a well-known member of the community. After serving two terms as the ACS president (1915 and 1916), Herty resigned his UNC position after being unanimously elected as

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1078-633: The Carolinas as the Union force of 60,000 men marched from Savannah, Georgia, to Virginia. When Sosnowski heard that the Union army was heading toward Columbia, she arranged transportation for the remaining students to go to the Upcountry , a difficult task when the enemy approaches and disorder reigns at the railroad station. Law and order weakened during the occupation and rough mobs wandered about. The large supplies of alcoholic beverages in Columbia did not help

1127-603: The Georgia Section of the American Chemical Society. The medal is inscribed with the words pro scientia et patria - Herty 1933 which translates roughly as "for science and country". The Georgia General Assembly posthumously created the Savannah-based Herty Foundation in 1938 as a state-owned, non-profit organization focused on the pulp and paper industry. This foundation was renamed in 2006 as

1176-591: The Savannah Paper and Pulp Laboratory in Savannah, Georgia . By 1933, the plant had developed a feasible process for pulp conversion. On March 31, 1933, the first newspaper — the Soperton News — was printed using paper created with the Herty process. On September 26, 2001, the Savannah lab was named a National Historic Chemical Landmark (NHCL). Herty was the first faculty director of athletics at UGA. He also assumed

1225-711: The UNC faculty, Herty was an active member of the American Chemical Society (ACS) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and served as the president of the North Carolina section of the ACS in 1906, chairman of the Division of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry in 1909, councillor-at-large in 1909 and eventually as president of the entire ACS organization from 1915 through 1916. In that same year he joined

1274-641: The Union Gas Company in Brooklyn, New York . Dolly attended Vassar College as an undergraduate, Cornell University for her Masters of Science in botany and returned to Vassar to teach plant physiology. Upon completing his doctoral studies in 1890, Herty returned to Georgia as an assistant chemist at the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station , which was temporarily located in Athens at

1323-429: The door. One of the officers, who wore a Masonic pin, seemed unsympathetic but later send guards for the rest of the day. During the third day, she went into the center of Columbia, seeking additional guards. She briefly spoke with Sherman himself, leader of the 60,000 Union soldiers. Sosnowski told Sherman that the deportment of the soldiers compared unfavorably to that of their European equivalents and complained about

1372-614: The first full-time editor of the ACS publication Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (JIEC) with an annual salary of US$ 6,000. Herty moved to New York City to begin his editorial duties. In addition to those duties, Herty also served as the chairman of the ACS Press and Publicity Committee beginning in 1918 which he leveraged to turn the Committee into the ACS News Service on December 9, 1918. The News Service began publishing

1421-686: The growth of the nascent American chemical industry. Garvan and Alexander Mitchell Palmer were the Alien Property Custodians for President Woodrow Wilson and were tasked with the creation of the foundation. Another function of the foundation was the promotion of the field of chemistry and its contributions to society. This goal required the identification and funding of chemical research in academia, industry and government. It also required seeking out donors to fund research deemed important. An example of Herty's efforts occurred in 1928, when Herty worked on behalf of his alma mater, UGA, to fund

1470-611: The industry and its processes, Herty confirmed the validity of Witt's claim that the pine species would be completely destroyed. Herty also elucidated massive inefficiencies in the destructive collection processes. After conferring with forester W. W. Ashe of the North Carolina Geological Survey, Herty simplified a cup and gutter system used for many decades in France to combat both problems. The "Herty system" required less forestry expertise and labor, both necessities to ensure

1519-758: The largest manufacturer of "white paper" and the second largest domestic producer of newsprint. In 2000, Herty was posthumously inducted into the Paper Industry International Hall of Fame. A year later, on September 26, 2001, his work was designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark by the American Chemical Society and a plaque was installed at the Savannah Pulp and Paper Laboratory ( Herty Advanced Materials Development Center ) in Savannah, Georgia. Herty, Texas and Herty Elementary School in that same area are named in his honor. Numerous college buildings are named after Herty. The most significant

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1568-413: The method's financial success in the United States. The initial Herty system utilized two v-shaped galvanized iron gutters to collect the resin. The simplicity of the method allowed it to be taught to the existing workforce in the turpentine industry. Herty's method yielded more resin that was also higher in quality. The most important aspect of this new method was that it lengthened the useful lifetime of

1617-496: The more determined interlopers, but the soldiers would not remain around for long. The Union Army assigned soldiers to protect certain buildings such as schools and some guards arrived at the Barhamville Institute on first night. Only one soldier from Tennessee put any effort into protecting the school, after he found that he had a common acquaintance with Sosnowski. On the second day, Sosnowski met some Union officers who noticed her late-husband's Masonic flag that she had hung on

1666-626: The position of Instructor in Physical Culture in 1894 and was named Physical Director two years later. He led efforts to improve the athletic fields, establish the first campus gymnasium in the basement of Old College, create intramural and varsity baseball teams, and built tennis courts. In 1890, Herty began the UGA football program and coached the team for its inaugural season. UGA played their first game on January 30, 1892, against Mercer University in Athens and won, 50–0. The team lost its second game of

1715-521: The relationship between academia and the organic chemical industry. In November 1926, Herty resigned from SOCMA to become an adviser to the Chemical Foundation where he would work alongside his long-time friend and collaborator, Francis P. Garvan , the president of the Foundation from 1919 to 1937. The Chemical Foundation was created in 1919 to oversee German patents seized by the United States Office of Alien Property during World War I to aid

1764-403: The season to Auburn , 10–0, and finished the inaugural season with a record of 1–1. Frank "Si" Herty, the coach's cousin, served as the captain of the team. That first football field would eventually be named Herty Field in honor of the coach. The area became a parking lot in the 1940s; however, it was later converted into a greenspace in 1999. Herty was also directly involved in the creation of

1813-447: The situation. "Alcohol was liberally distributed to all who desired it by both blacks and whites." Intentional and accidental fires destroyed about a third of the houses in the central grid of Columbia. Many of the structures near the Barhamville Institute were burned. Sosnowski, unarmed, used her interpersonal skills to talk trespassers into leaving the grounds of the Barhamville Institute. She repeatedly found Union soldiers to deter

1862-675: The stimulus to experiment with Georgia pine trees as a source of paper after learning of the German use of tannenbäume for that same purpose. A Witt lecture on the poor processes used by the American naval stores industry and the almost certain likelihood that those processes would completely destroy the Longleaf Pine ( Pinus palustris ) led Herty to study the naval store industry's use of those trees to produce timber and turpentine . After engaging in literature and field research to better understand

1911-669: The students from her school to join those at the Barhamville Institute, which was over two miles from the central grid of Columbia. During this period Sosnowski's musically talented daughter, Sophie Augusta Sosnowski, romantically inspired the poet Henry Timrod . They may have met through Augustus Baldwin Longstreet , a nearby college president who was friends with Sosnowski. A German-American military officer named Frank Schaller joined Sosnowski's circle and married Sophie Augusta in 1863. Schaller had an excellent military education in Europe but

1960-422: The suffering from the war and occupation, especially to civilians. In response to Sosnowski, Sherman "...   spoke in strong terms of the responsibility of Columbia, of South Carolina, for the sufferings by Secessions; indeed as he only advocated one side of the question, he spoke well." Sherman concluded the conversation by saying that "...   he expected to leave the following morning and therefore required

2009-626: The time. In 1891, he became an instructor in the UGA Chemistry Department in Franklin College with a promotion to Adjunct Professor of Chemistry in 1894. Herty was granted a sabbatical leave for the 1899–1900 academic year. After securing letters of introduction from American colleagues William McMurtrie , Remsen, Edgar Fahs Smith , and Francis Venable , Herty left for Europe and interacted with Walther Nernst , G. Lunge, Otto N. Witt and Alfred Werner . Herty's European trip provided

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2058-484: The trees from a few years to decades. This extended use saved the trees and the naval store industry as well. Herty's collection method also allowed the trees to eventually be milled as lumber. Herty subsequently moved from an iron gutter to a ceramic one, and his involvement with the Chattanooga Pottery Company in the production of the ceramic gutters eventually led to the creation of the Herty Turpentine Cup Company in 1909. In November 1901, Herty resigned from UGA due to

2107-571: The whole Army to be at their post   ..." so no more guards would be forthcoming. Sosnowski met a unit of friendly Irish American soldiers, who spend the third night at Barhamville and drove off marauders. " Silver and old relics " were looted from the buildings. By Sosnowski's efforts, the Barhamville Institute structures were still standing when the Union Army resumed their march the next day. Sosnowski left ruined Columbia and moved to Athens, Georgia , with her daughters and son-in-law Frank Schaller. Sosnowski criticized Reconstruction , which

2156-413: Was a lady-in-waiting to the Grand Duke's spouse . While growing up in that favored environment, Sosnowski received a good education, especially in foreign languages and music. In 1833 Sophie married a wounded Polish officer named Josef Stanislaus Sosnowski at Strasbourg Cathedral . He was one of a group of 6,000 officers exiled after the failed Polish Revolt of 1831 against the Russian empire. Josef

2205-403: Was a member of the Phi Kappa Literary Society , as well as a member of the Gamma chapter of the Kappa Alpha Order , and graduated with a Bachelor of Philosophy (B.P.) degree in 1886. He continued his studies at Johns Hopkins University where he earned his Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry in 1890 under the direction of Ira Remsen . Herty's dissertation topic was The Double Halides of Lead and

2254-458: Was a time of economic and social difficulty in Georgia. She wrote – perhaps referring to the 14th Amendment – that “...   to place the Negro on the same level with the Caucasian race, must be considered by every reflecting mind, a great political blunder." Initially she was principal at the financially-failing Lucy Cobb Institute , but in 1869 she had a dispute with the school's board of directors. Sosnowski left to establish

2303-444: Was appointed the dean of UNC's School of Applied Sciences and served in that position until 1911. During his tenure at UNC, Herty continued to receive numerous job offers from groups including UGA as the Chair of Forestry, the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Soils , the Forest Products Laboratory , the University of Virginia , and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ; however, Herty remained at UNC. While on

2352-629: Was sickly. His service as a Colonel in the 22nd Mississippi Infantry and other Confederate units was not a success. Sosnowski used her acquaintance with another German-American Confederate officer, Gaspar Tochman , to advance her son-in-law's military career. During the American Civil War (1861-1865), Sosnowski  – and sometimes her family and students – tended to the Confederate wounded, who had been brought to Richmond and Columbia. The Civil War came to Columbia during 17 to 20 February 1865. Union General William Tecumseh Sherman occupied Columbia for four days during his campaign of

2401-474: Was the grandson of Józef Sylwester Sosnowski , the Grand Hetman of Sosnowica. The couple emigrated to Erie, Pennsylvania , where Josef speculated unsuccessfully in real estate and lost the family assets in the Panic of 1837 . Josef died in 1845, leaving Sophie with three surviving children: Sophie (a.k.a. Sophia) Augusta, Caroline (a.k.a. Callie or Kallie) and Julius Christian. To sustain her family after her husband's death, Sosnowski trained and taught at

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