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28-450: The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to 1432 where it was listed in Aslak Bolt's cadastre and there was also mention of the priest from this church in 1385. The first "Herøy Church" was built during the 12th century on the eastern tip of the small island of Herøya, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southeast of the present church. This was a small stone church and it

56-500: A flying golden ram. The name, however, is probably derived from an older language, such as Pelasgian , which was unknown to those who explained its origin. In his Names on the Globe , George R. Stewart theorizes that Hellespont originally meant something like 'narrow Pontus' or 'entrance to Pontus', Pontus being an ancient name for the region around the Black Sea , and by extension, for

84-410: A new wooden church located about 80 metres (260 ft) to the west-northwest of the old church site. The foundation of the new church was made out of the old stone from the previous building. In 1916 the parish was getting large and it was divided so that there would be a church for the outer islands and a church for the inner areas of the municipality. Since the church on Herøya was in the middle, it

112-399: A toponym, its specific language, its pronunciation, and its origins and meaning are all important facts to be recorded during name surveys. Scholars have found that toponyms provide valuable insight into the historical geography of a particular region. In 1954, F. M. Powicke said of place-name study that it "uses, enriches and tests the discoveries of archaeology and history and the rules of

140-633: A wide variety of formats, including hard-copy topographic maps as well as digital formats such as geographic information systems , Google Maps , or thesauri like the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names . In 2002, the United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names acknowledged that while common, the practice of naming geographical places after living persons (toponymic commemoration) could be problematic. Therefore,

168-627: Is called toponymist . The term toponymy comes from Ancient Greek : τόπος / tópos , 'place', and ὄνομα / onoma , 'name'. The Oxford English Dictionary records toponymy (meaning "place name") first appearing in English in 1876. Since then, toponym has come to replace the term place-name in professional discourse among geographers . Toponyms can be divided in two principal groups: Various types of geographical toponyms (geonyms) include, in alphabetical order: Various types of cosmographical toponyms (cosmonyms) include: Probably

196-620: Is on the upper level and the lower level contains offices and classrooms. Aslak Bolt%27s cadastre Aslak Bolt's cadastre ( Norwegian : Aslak Bolts jordebog ; written 1432–1433) is a Norwegian cadastre , a detailed register of properties and incomes of the Archdiocese of Nidaros . Aslak Bolt's cadastre was a register of land ownership with the Archdiocese of Nidaros. The cadastre comprises more than 3000 farms, with information about scope and volume of income. The document

224-591: Is originally written on the instruction of archbishop Aslak Bolt (c. 1380 – 1450), Archbishop of the Diocese of Nidaros . It was probably completed in 1432 and 1433, with later supplements and corrections. The properties of the archdiocese included several thousand farms. The records in the land register are arranged topographically by counties within the diocese. The cadastre is regarded as an important primary historical source, both for historical economic research, and for research of place names . The original document

252-449: Is the general term for a proper name of any geographical feature , and full scope of the term also includes proper names of all cosmographical features. In a more specific sense, the term toponymy refers to an inventory of toponyms, while the discipline researching such names is referred to as toponymics or toponomastics . Toponymy is a branch of onomastics , the study of proper names of all kinds. A person who studies toponymy

280-525: The Persian Gulf naming dispute . On 20 September 1996 a note on the internet reflected a query by a Canadian surfer, who said as follows: 'One producer of maps labeled the water body "Persian Gulf" on a 1977 map of Iran, and then "Arabian Gulf", also in 1977, in a map which focused on the Gulf States . I would gather that this is an indication of the "politics of maps", but I would be interested to know if this

308-505: The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names recommends that it be avoided and that national authorities should set their own guidelines as to the time required after a person's death for the use of a commemorative name. In the same vein, writers Pinchevski and Torgovnik (2002) consider the naming of streets as a political act in which holders of the legitimate monopoly to name aspire to engrave their ideological views in

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336-542: The dissolution of the Soviet Union . After 1830, in the wake of the Greek War of Independence and the establishment of an independent Greek state, Turkish, Slavic and Italian place names were Hellenized, as an effort of "toponymic cleansing." This nationalization of place names can also manifest itself in a postcolonial context. In Canada, there have been initiatives in recent years " to restore traditional names to reflect

364-479: The philologists ." Toponyms not only illustrate ethnic settlement patterns, but they can also help identify discrete periods of immigration. Toponymists are responsible for the active preservation of their region's culture through its toponymy. They typically ensure the ongoing development of a geographical names database and associated publications, for recording and disseminating authoritative hard-copy and digital toponymic data. This data may be disseminated in

392-515: The 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway . This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year. In 1859, the medieval stone church was torn down and it was replaced by

420-550: The Indigenous culture wherever possible ". Indigenous mapping is a process that can include restoring place names by Indigenous communities themselves. Frictions sometimes arise between countries because of toponymy, as illustrated by the Macedonia naming dispute in which Greece has claimed the name Macedonia , the Sea of Japan naming dispute between Japan and Korea , as well as

448-531: The first toponymists were the storytellers and poets who explained the origin of specific place names as part of their tales; sometimes place-names served as the basis for their etiological legends. The process of folk etymology usually took over, whereby a false meaning was extracted from a name based on its structure or sounds. Thus, for example, the toponym of Hellespont was explained by Greek poets as being named after Helle , daughter of Athamas , who drowned there as she crossed it with her brother Phrixus on

476-626: The most useful geographical reference system in the world. Consistency and accuracy are essential in referring to a place to prevent confusion in everyday business and recreation. A toponymist, through well-established local principles and procedures developed in cooperation and consultation with the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN), applies the science of toponymy to establish officially recognized geographical names. A toponymist relies not only on maps and local histories, but interviews with local residents to determine names with established local usage. The exact application of

504-414: The new map to specify the detailed topographical portrayal and after consulting with and authorization of messr. Theodor von Heuglin and count Karl Graf von Waldburg-Zeil I have entered 118 names in the map: partly they are the names derived from celebrities of arctic explorations and discoveries, arctic travellers anyway as well as excellent friends, patrons, and participants of different nationalities in

532-466: The newest northpolar expeditions, partly eminent German travellers in Africa, Australia, America ...". Toponyms may have different names through time, due to changes and developments in languages, political developments and border adjustments to name but a few. More recently many postcolonial countries revert to their own nomenclature for toponyms that have been named by colonial powers. Place names provide

560-508: The right-hand reference sheet is the text rendered in modern Norwegian. However, some place names have not been identified and are thus reproduced in their original form. This Norway -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Place name Toponymy , toponymics , or toponomastics is the study of toponyms ( proper names of places, also known as place names and geographic names ), including their origins, meanings, usage and types. Toponym

588-441: The sea itself. Especially in the 19th century, the age of exploration, a lot of toponyms got a different name because of national pride. Thus the famous German cartographer Petermann thought that the naming of newly discovered physical features was one of the privileges of a map-editor, especially as he was fed up with forever encountering toponyms like 'Victoria', 'Wellington', 'Smith', 'Jones', etc. He writes: "While constructing

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616-440: The social space. Similarly, the revisionist practice of renaming streets , as both the celebration of triumph and the repudiation of the old regime is another issue of toponymy. Also, in the context of Slavic nationalism , the name of Saint Petersburg was changed to the more Slavic sounding Petrograd from 1914 to 1924, then to Leningrad following the death of Vladimir Lenin and back to Saint-Peterburg in 1991 following

644-551: Was decided to close the church on Herøya and build two other churches elsewhere. So, in 1916, a new church was built on the east coast of the island of Gurskøy and this became the Indre Herøy Church . The same year, the old Herøy Church was taken down, moved, and rebuilt in Fosnavåg on the island of Bergsøya . The builder was Ole Havnæs from Ålesund . The church had 550 seats. It was consecrated in 1916. This new Herøy Church

672-451: Was done to avoid upsetting users of the Iran map and users of the map showing Arab Gulf States'. This symbolizes a further aspect of the topic, namely the spilling over of the problem from the purely political to the economic sphere. A geographic names board is an official body established by a government to decide on official names for geographical areas and features. Most countries have such

700-521: Was hired as the building contractor. The parish hired the architectural firm Madsø-Sveen from Trondheim to design the new church. Work on the new building began in January 2002 and it was completed in late 2002. It was consecrated on 16 February 2003 by the Bishop Odd Bondevik . The new church includes about 2,300 square metres (25,000 sq ft) of floor space on its two levels. The main nave

728-462: Was not rebuilt exactly like the old church, but rather it was extended and enlarged too. Many of the interior details were changed as well. During the night of 26 December 1998 ( Boxing Day ), Herøy Church burned down. Many works of art and furniture pieces from the Middle Ages were lost in the fire. After the fire, the site was cleared and prepared for the construction of a new church. M. Kristiseter

756-431: Was the main church for all of the outer Sunnmøre area. The church was a long church design that consisted of a nave which measured 22.3 by 8.6 metres (73 ft × 28 ft), plus it had a choir on the south end of the nave. In 1814, this church served as an election church ( Norwegian : valgkirke ). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to

784-542: Was written on pergament and is now deposited at the National Archives of Norway ( Riksarkivet ). The information contained in the cadastre was published by historian Peter Andreas Munch (1810 – 1863) in 1852. It was later published in 1997 by the National Archives of Norway. This edition is bilingual, so that the left-hand reference sheet provides the most faithful interpretation or transcript possible, while

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