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Henry Miller Memorial Library

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The Henry Miller Memorial Library is a nonprofit arts center, bookstore, and performance venue in Big Sur , California, documenting the life of the late writer, artist, and Henry Miller . Emil White built the house for Miller in the mid-1960s. After Miller died in 1980, White dedicated the property as a memorial to Miller and as a gallery where local artists could show their work. In 1981, with the help of the Big Sur Land Trust, White formally organized "The Henry Miller Memorial Library". White was director of the institution until he died in 1989. The Big Sur Land Trust managed the library until October 1998, when the non-profit The Henry Miller Memorial Library Inc. was created to sustain the library.

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70-489: In 2000, the library acquired two major Miller collections, making the library the second most extensive repository of Miller books, manuscripts, letters and ephemera in the world, next only to the University of California at Los Angeles. The William Ashley Collection is likely the world's most complete collection of English language Miller editions, including almost every published version of ) —over 120 in total. The collection

140-467: A banker and artist from Boston, later known as "Ian Hugo", when he became an experimental filmmaker in the late 1940s. The couple moved to Paris the following year, where Guiler pursued his banking career and Nin began to pursue her interest in writing; in her diaries she also mentions having trained as a flamenco dancer in Paris in the mid-to-late 1920s with Francisco Miralles Arnau . Her first published work

210-496: A brief sexual relationship Nin had with her father in 1933: while visiting her estranged father in France, the then-thirty-year-old Nin had a brief incestuous sexual relationship with him. In 1944, she published a collection of short stories titled Under a Glass Bell , which were reviewed by Edmund Wilson . Nin was also the author of several works of non-fiction: Her first publication, written during her years studying psychoanalysis,

280-510: A classically trained Cuban singer. Her father's grandfather had fled France during the French Revolution , going first to Saint-Domingue , then New Orleans , and finally to Cuba, where he helped build the country's first railway. Nin was raised a Roman Catholic but left the church when she was 16 years old. She spent her childhood and early life in Europe. Her parents separated when she

350-658: A cunt. I shoot hot bolts into you, Tania, I make your ovaries incandescent. Upon the book's publication in France in 1934, the United States Customs Service banned the book from being imported into the U.S. Frances Steloff sold copies of the novel smuggled from Paris during the 1930s at her Gotham Book Mart , which led to lawsuits. A copyright-infringing edition of the novel was published in New York City in 1940 by "Medusa" ( Jacob Brussel ); its last page claimed its place of publication to be Mexico . Brussel

420-404: A desperate need for money, Nin, Henry Miller and some of their friends began in the 1940s to write erotic and pornographic narratives for an anonymous "collector" for a dollar a page, somewhat as a joke. (It is not clear whether Miller actually wrote these stories or merely allowed his name to be used. ) Nin considered the characters in her erotica to be extreme caricatures and never intended

490-439: A language for intuition, feeling, instincts which are, in themselves, elusive, subtle, and wordless." In late summer 1939, when residents from overseas were urged to leave France due to the approaching war, Nin left Paris and returned to New York City with her husband (Guiler was, according to his own wishes, edited out of the diaries published during Nin's lifetime; his role in her life is therefore difficult to evaluate). During

560-461: A little ingenuity, or by paying a little over the published price, you can get hold of it, and even if parts of it disgust you, it will stick in your memory. ... Here in my opinion is the only imaginative prose-writer of the slightest value who has appeared among the English-speaking races for some years past. Even if that is objected to as an overstatement, it will probably be admitted that Miller

630-484: A performance or a fair of some sort. But its default role is to be an oasis: Free coffee and ping-pong for the curious. A lush lawn to nap on. Bikers, hippies and the polar-fleeced alike find reasons to linger here. After a day spent being humbled by the grandeur of Big Sur's natural bounty, checking in with fellow humans and the art they create can serve as a ballast. In 2012, Philip Glass , along with musician and actress Joanna Newsom and violinist Tim Fain, performed at

700-418: A previously unpublished love letter written by Gore Vidal to Nin. This letter contradicts Gore Vidal's previous characterization of his relationship with Nin, showing that Vidal did have feelings for Nin that he later heavily disavowed in his autobiography, Palimpsest . Krizan did this research in the run up to the release of the fifth volume of Anaïs Nin's uncensored diary, Mirages , for which Krizan provided

770-530: A really excellent piece of work, and I so reported to the person who sent it to me. Of this, more when we meet." George Orwell reviewed Tropic of Cancer in the New English Weekly in 1935. Orwell focused on Miller's descriptions of sexual encounters, which he deemed significant for their "attempt to get at real facts," and which he saw as a departure from dominant trends. Orwell argued that, although Miller concerns himself with uglier aspects of life, he

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840-615: A sexual relationship with Nin in the 1930s. Reigns is the President of the Board of the non-profit organization devoted to Nin's legacy, the Anaïs Nin Foundation. Cuban-American writer Daína Chaviano paid homage to Anaïs Nin and Henry Miller in her novel Gata encerrada (2001), where both characters are portrayed as disembodied spirits whose previous lives they shared with Melisa, the main character—and presumably Chaviano's alter ego —,

910-400: A woman and artist. Rank, she observes, helped her move between what she could verbalize in her journals and what remained unarticulated. She discovered the quality and depth of her feelings in the wordless transitions between what she could and could not say. "As he talked, I thought of my difficulties with writing, my struggles to articulate feelings not easily expressed. Of my struggles to find

980-812: A writer, Nin appeared in the Kenneth Anger film Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome (1954) as Astarte ; in the Maya Deren film Ritual in Transfigured Time (1946); and in Bells of Atlantis (1952), a film directed by Guiler under the name "Ian Hugo" with a soundtrack of electronic music by Louis and Bebe Barron . In her later life, Nin worked as a tutor at the International College in Los Angeles. Nin

1050-698: A young Cuban obsessed with Anaïs Nin. The Cuban poet and novelist Wendy Guerra , long fascinated with Nin's life and works, published a fictional diary in Nin's voice, Posar desnuda en la Habana ( Posing Nude in Havana ) in 2012. She explained that "[Nin's] Cuban Diary has very few pages and my delirium was always to write an apocryphal novel; literary conjecture about what might have happened". On September 27, 2013, screenwriter and author Kim Krizan published an article in The Huffington Post revealing she had found

1120-411: Is a writer out of the ordinary, worth more than a single glance.... Samuel Beckett hailed it as "a momentous event in the history of modern writing." Norman Mailer , in his 1976 book on Miller entitled Genius and Lust , called it "one of the ten or twenty great novels of our century, a revolution in consciousness equal to The Sun Also Rises ". Edmund Wilson said of the novel: The tone of

1190-603: Is an autobiographical novel by Henry Miller that is best known as "notorious for its candid sexuality", with the resulting social controversy considered responsible for the "free speech that we now take for granted in literature." It was first published in 1934 by the Obelisk Press in Paris, France, but this edition was banned in the United States. Its publication in 1961 in the United States by Grove Press led to obscenity trials that tested American laws on pornography in

1260-414: Is here that one reads again the books of his youth and the enigmas take on new meanings, one for every white hair. One walks the streets knowing that he is mad, possessed, because it is only too obvious that these cold, indifferent faces are the visages of one's keepers. Here all boundaries fade away and the world reveals itself for the mad slaughterhouse that it is. The treadmill stretches away to infinitude,

1330-502: Is nonetheless not quite a pessimist, and seems to find that the contemplation of ugliness makes life more worthwhile rather than less. Concluding, he described Tropic of Cancer as "a remarkable book" and recommended it to "anyone who can get hold of a copy." Returning to the novel in the essay " Inside the Whale " (1940), George Orwell wrote the following: I earnestly counsel anyone who has not done so to read at least Tropic of Cancer . With

1400-517: Is rotten in the debris of human depravity." Publisher Barney Rosset hired lawyer Charles Rembar to help Rosset lead the "effort to assist every bookseller prosecuted, regardless of whether there was a legal obligation to do so." Rembar successfully argued two appeals cases, in Massachusetts and New Jersey, although the book continued to be judged obscene in New York and other states. In 1964,

1470-709: Is written in the first person , as are many of Miller's other novels, and does not have a linear organization, but rather fluctuates frequently between the past and present. The book largely functions as an immersive meditation on the human condition. As a struggling writer, Miller describes his experience living among a community of bohemians in Paris, where he intermittently suffers from hunger, homelessness, squalor, loneliness, and despair over his recent separation from his wife. Describing his perception of Paris during this time, Miller wrote: One can live in Paris—I discovered that!—on just grief and anguish. A bitter nourishment—perhaps

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1540-568: The Hammer Museum in Westwood, Los Angeles. Reigns said: "Nin bonded and formed very deep friendships with women and men decades younger than her. Some of them are still living in Los Angeles and I thought it'd be wonderful to have them share their experiences with [Nin]." Bebe Barron , an electronic music pioneer and longtime friend of Nin, made her last public appearance at this event. Reigns also published an essay refuting Bern Porter 's claims of

1610-670: The Irish Independent , Le Soir (France), Liberacion (France), NL Cafe (Hungary), Süddeutsche Zeitung (Germany), and Il Manifesto (Italy). The library hosts events throughout the year, including music, lectures, book signings, and community events. Past and ongoing programs include: Previous musical performers include Philip Glass, Laurie Anderson, Arcade Fire, Henry Rollins , Fleet Foxes, Flaming Lips, and Yo La Tengo. 36°13′15″N 121°45′13″W  /  36.22084°N 121.75373°W  / 36.22084; -121.75373 Tropic of Cancer (novel) Tropic of Cancer

1680-527: The "literary value of the novels and to Miller's stature as a serious writer." The motion was denied by Judge Louis A. Goodman. The case went to trial with Goodman presiding. Goodman declared both novels obscene. Besig appealed the decision to the Ninth Circuit of Appeals, but the novels were once again declared "obscene" in a unanimous decision in Besig v. United States . In 1961, when Grove Press legally published

1750-503: The Anaïs Nin Literary Journal , which includes "Anaïs Nin and Joaquín Nin y Castellanos: Prelude to a Symphony – Letters between a father and daughter". So far sixteen volumes of her journals have been published. All but the last five of her adult journals are in expurgated form. Nin is hailed by many critics as one of the finest writers of female erotica . She was one of the first women known to explore fully

1820-453: The U.S. Supreme Court, in Grove Press, Inc. v. Gerstein , cited Jacobellis v. Ohio (which was decided the same day) and overruled state court findings that Tropic of Cancer was obscene. The book was banned outside the U.S. as well: In 1935, H. L. Mencken read the 1934 Paris edition, and sent an encouraging note to Miller: "I read Tropic of Cancer a month ago. It seems to me to be

1890-815: The Warfield in San Francisco in a benefit for the Library. In 2015, the library received a Community Stories Grant from Cal Humanities for its Big Sur Stories program. In 2016, the library, in tandem with ((folkYEAH!)) Presents, curated a benefit performance for homeowners affected by the Soberanes Fire . Performers included Sharon Van Etten, Mike Nesmith, Al Jardine (of the Beach Boys), Johnny Rivers, plus Meg Baird and Tara Jane O'Neil, and raised $ 40,000. The library has also been featured in various international news outlets including

1960-618: The Year award. The Italian film La stanza delle parole (dubbed into English as The Room of Words) was released in 1989 based on the Henry and June diaries. Philip Kaufman directed the 1990 film Henry & June based on Nin's diaries published as Henry and June: From the Unexpurgated Diary of Anaïs Nin . She was portrayed in the film by actress Maria de Medeiros . In February 2008, poet Steven Reigns organized Anaïs Nin at 105 at

2030-558: The age of 44, Nin met former actor Rupert Pole in a Manhattan elevator on her way to a party. The two began a relationship and traveled to California together; Pole was sixteen years her junior. On March 17, 1955, while still married to Guiler, she married Pole at Quartzsite, Arizona , returning with him to live in California. Guiler remained in New York City and was unaware of Nin's second marriage until after her death in 1977, though biographer Deirdre Bair alleges that Guiler knew what

2100-475: The apartment of an American man who was away for the summer, and Nin came across a number of French paperbacks: "One by one, I read these books, which were completely new to me. I had never read erotic literature in America... They overwhelmed me. I was innocent before I read them, but by the time I had read them all, there was nothing I did not know about sexual exploits... I had my degree in erotic lore." Faced with

2170-414: The best there is for certain people. At any rate, I had not yet come to the end of my rope. I was only flirting with disaster. ... I understood then why it is that Paris attracts the tortured, the hallucinated, the great maniacs of love. I understood why it is that here, at the very hub of the wheel, one can embrace the most fantastic, the most impossible theories, without finding them in the least strange; it

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2240-490: The book Anaïs Nin: A Myth of Her Own by Clara Oropeza, that analyzes Nin's literature and literary theory through the perspective of mythological studies and depth psychology . In 2002, Alissa Levy Caiano produced a short film called The All-Seeing based on Nin's short story of the same name in Under a Glass Bell . In 2021, the porn film company Thousand Faces released a short film called Mathilde based on Nin's story of

2310-413: The book in the United States, over 60 obscenity lawsuits in over 21 states were brought against booksellers that sold it. The opinions of courts varied; for example, in his dissent from the majority holding that the book was not obscene, Pennsylvania Supreme Court Justice Michael Musmanno wrote Cancer is "not a book. It is a cesspool, an open sewer, a pit of putrefaction, a slimy gathering of all that

2380-616: The book is undoubtedly low; The Tropic of Cancer , in fact, from the point of view both of its happenings and of the language in which they are conveyed, is the lowest book of any real literary merit that I ever remember to have read... there is a strange amenity of temper and style which bathes the whole composition even when it is disgusting or tiresome. In 1980, Anatole Broyard described Tropic of Cancer as "Mr. Miller's first and best novel," showing "a flair for finding symbolism in unobtrusive places" and having "beautiful sentence[s]." Julian Symons wrote in 1993 that "the shock effect [of

2450-564: The book itself, stating: Up to the present, my idea of collaborating with myself has been to get off the gold standard of literature. My idea briefly has been to present a resurrection of the emotions, to depict the conduct of a human being in the stratosphere of ideas, that is, in the grip of delirium. Combining autobiography and fiction, some chapters follow a narrative of some kind and refer to Miller's actual friends, colleagues, and workplaces; others are written as stream-of-consciousness reflections that are occasionally epiphanic . The novel

2520-588: The book with financial backing from Nin, who had borrowed the money from Otto Rank . In the 1961 edition, opposite the novel's title page is a quotation from Ralph Waldo Emerson : These novels will give way, by and by, to diaries or autobiographies—captivating books, if only a man knew how to choose among what he calls his experiences that which is really his experience, and how to record truth truly. The 1961 edition includes an introduction by Karl Shapiro written in 1960 and titled "The Greatest Living Author". The first three sentences are: I call Henry Miller

2590-500: The collections make the library "an important stop" for Miller researchers. Patti Smith led a fundraiser for the library in 2004. "Helping out the Library is helping out the consciousness and legacy of Henry Miller. The place is symbolic of his mind and life and energy." In 2011, CNN Travel reported: But the library isn't a remnant of what Big Sur was; it's the beating cultural heart of Big Sur right now. Popular bands like Arcade Fire perform here. And on any given weekend, you'll find

2660-610: The collections of erotica Delta of Venus and Little Birds , was published posthumously amid renewed critical interest in her life and work. Nin spent her later life in Los Angeles , California, where she died of cervical cancer in 1977. She was a finalist for the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 1976. Anaïs Nin was born in Neuilly , France, to Joaquín Nin , a Cuban pianist and composer, and Rosa Culmell,

2730-474: The cove as well. Rupert Pole was named Nin's literary executor , and he arranged to have new, unexpurgated editions of Nin's books and diaries published between 1985 and his death in 2006. Large portions of the diaries are still available only in expurgated form. The originals are located in the UCLA Library . The explosion of the feminist movement in the 1960s gave feminist perspectives on Nin's writings of

2800-540: The early 1960s. In 1964, the U.S. Supreme Court declared the book non-obscene. It is regarded as an important work of 20th-century literature . I am living at the Villa Borghese. There is not a crumb of dirt anywhere, nor a chair misplaced. We are all alone here and we are dead. Miller wrote the book between 1930 and 1934 during his "nomadic life" in Paris. The fictional Villa Borghese was actually 18 Villa Seurat in Paris' 14th arrondissement. As Miller discloses in

2870-452: The following in writing the novel: Tropic of Cancer "has had a huge and indelible impact on both the American literary tradition and American society as a whole." The novel influenced many writers, as exemplified by the following: The novel was adapted for a 1970 film Tropic of Cancer directed by Joseph Strick , and starring Rip Torn , James T. Callahan , and Ellen Burstyn . Miller

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2940-469: The foreword. In 2015, a documentary film directed by Sarah Aspinall called The Erotic Adventures of Anais Nin was released, in which Lucy Cohu portrayed Nin's character. In 2019, Kim Krizan published Spy in the House of Anaïs Nin , an examination of long-buried letters, papers, and original manuscripts Krizan found while doing archival work in Nin's Los Angeles home. Also that year, Routledge published

3010-423: The fundamental realities. The predominant note will seem one of bitterness, and bitterness there is, to the full. But there is also a wild extravagance, a mad gaiety, a verve, a gusto, at times almost a delirium. Set in France (primarily Paris) during the late 1920s and early 1930s, Tropic of Cancer centers on Miller's life as a struggling writer. Late in the novel, Miller explains his artistic approach to writing

3080-421: The greatest living author because I think he is. I do not call him a poet because he has never written a poem; he even dislikes poetry, I think. But everything he has written is a poem in the best as well as in the broadest sense of the word. Following the introduction is a preface written by Nin in 1934, which begins as follows: Here is a book which, if such a thing were possible, might restore our appetite for

3150-411: The hatches are closed down tight, logic runs rampant, with bloody cleaver flashing. There are many passages explicitly describing the narrator's sexual encounters. In 1978, literary scholar Donald Gutierrez argued that the sexual comedy in the book was "undeniably low... [but with] a stronger visceral appeal than high comedy". The characters are caricatures , and the male characters "stumbl[e] through

3220-419: The major characters include: O Tania, where now is that warm cunt of yours, those fat, heavy garters, those soft, bulging thighs? There is a bone in my prick six inches long. I will ream out every wrinkle in your cunt, Tania, big with seed. I will send you home to your Sylvester with an ache in your belly and your womb turned inside out. Your Sylvester! Yes, he knows how to build a fire, but I know how to inflame

3290-408: The mazes of their conceptions of woman". Music and dance are other recurrent themes in the book. Music is used "as a sign of the flagging vitality Miller everywhere rejects". References to dancing include a comparison of loving Mona to a "dance of death", and a call for the reader to join in "a last expiring dance" even though "we are doomed". Other than the first-person narrator "Henry Miller",

3360-404: The novel] has gone," although "it remains an extraordinary document." A 2009 essay on the book by Ewan Morrison described it as a "life-saver" when he was "wandering from drink to drink and bed to bed, dangerously close to total collapse." The book has been included in a number of lists of best books, such as the following: Critics and Miller himself have claimed that Miller was influenced by

3430-562: The past twenty years, which made Nin a popular lecturer at various universities; contrarily, Nin dissociated herself from the political activism of the movement. In 1973, prior to her death, Nin received an honorary doctorate from the Philadelphia College of Art . She was also elected to the United States National Institute of Arts and Letters in 1974, and in 1976 was presented with a Los Angeles Times Woman of

3500-455: The published edition of the 1930s parts of her diary (Vol.   1–2) although the opening of Vol.   1 makes it clear that she is married, and the introduction suggests her husband declined to be included in the published diaries. The diaries edited by her second husband, after her death, tell that her union with Miller was very passionate and physical, and that she believed that it was a pregnancy by him that she aborted in 1934. In 1947, at

3570-744: The realm of erotic writing, and certainly the first prominent woman in the modern West known to write erotica. Before her, erotica acknowledged to be written by women was rare, with a few notable exceptions, such as the work of Kate Chopin . Nin often cited authors Djuna Barnes and D. H. Lawrence as inspirations, and she states in Volume One of her diaries that she drew inspiration from Marcel Proust , André Gide , Jean Cocteau , Paul Valéry , and Arthur Rimbaud . According to Volume One of her diaries, 1931–1934 , published in 1966, Nin first came across erotica when she returned to Paris with her husband, mother and two brothers in her late teens. They rented

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3640-426: The text of the book, he first intended to title it "Crazy Cock". Miller gave the following explanation of why the book's title was Tropic of Cancer : "It was because to me cancer symbolizes the disease of civilization, the endpoint of the wrong path, the necessity to change course radically, to start completely over from scratch." Anaïs Nin helped edit the book. In 1934, Jack Kahane 's Obelisk Press published

3710-692: The two different names. And she had a collection of file cards. And she said, "I tell so many lies I have to write them down and keep them in the lie box so I can keep them straight." In 1966, Nin had her marriage with Pole annulled, due to the legal issues arising from both Guiler and Pole trying to claim her as a dependent on their federal tax returns. Though the marriage was annulled, Nin and Pole continued to live together as if they were married until her death in 1977. According to Barbara Kraft, prior to her death, Nin had written to Guiler asking for his forgiveness. He responded by writing how meaningful his life had been because of her. After Guiler's death in 1985,

3780-638: The unexpurgated versions of her journals were commissioned by Pole. Six volumes have been published: Henry and June , Fire , Incest , Nearer the Moon , Mirages , and Trapeze . Pole arranged for Guiler's ashes to be scattered in the same area where Nin's ashes were scattered, Mermaid Cove in Santa Monica Bay . Pole died in July 2006. Nin once worked at Lawrence R. Maxwell Books, located at 45 Christopher Street in New York City. In addition to her work as

3850-469: The war, Nin sent her books to Frances Steloff of the Gotham Book Mart in New York for safekeeping. In New York, Nin rejoined Otto Rank, who had previously moved there, and moved into his apartment. She actually began to act as a psychoanalyst herself, seeing patients in the room next to Rank's. She quit after several months, however, stating: "I found that I wasn't good because I wasn't objective. I

3920-647: The work to be published, but changed her mind in the early 1970s and allowed them to be published as Delta of Venus and Little Birds . In 2016, a previously undiscovered collection of Nin's erotica, Auletris , was published for the first time. Nin was a friend, and in some cases lover, of many literary figures, including Miller, John Steinbeck , Antonin Artaud , Edmund Wilson , Gore Vidal , James Agee , James Leo Herlihy , and Lawrence Durrell . Her passionate love affair and friendship with Miller strongly influenced her both sexually and as an author. Claims that Nin

3990-451: Was D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study (1932), an assessment of the works of D.H. Lawrence . In 1968, she published The Novel of the Future , which elaborated on her approach to writing and the writing process. According to her diaries, Vol. 1, 1931–1934 , Nin shared a bohemian lifestyle with Henry Miller during her time in Paris. Her husband Guiler is not mentioned anywhere in

4060-449: Was bisexual were given added circulation by the 1990 Philip Kaufman film Henry & June about Miller and his second wife June Miller . The first unexpurgated portion of Nin's journal to be published, Henry and June , makes it clear that Nin was stirred by June to the point of saying (paraphrasing), "I have become June," though it is unclear to what extent she consummated her feelings for her sexually. To both Anaïs and Henry, June

4130-401: Was a femme fatale  – irresistible, cunning, and erotic. Nin gave June money, jewelry, clothes, often leaving herself without money. In addition to her journals and collections of erotica, Nin wrote several novels, which were frequently associated by critics with the surrealist movement . Her first book of fiction, House of Incest (1936), contains heavily veiled allusions to

4200-722: Was a "technical consultant" during the production of the movie; although he had reservations about the adaptation of the book, he praised the final movie. The film was rated X in the United States, which was later changed to an NC-17 rating . The typescript of the book was auctioned for $ 165,000 in 1986. Yale University owns the typescript, which was displayed to the public in 2001. Ana%C3%AFs Nin Angela Anaïs Juana Antolina Rosa Edelmira Nin y Culmell ( / ˌ æ n aɪ ˈ iː s ˈ n iː n / AN -eye- EESS NEEN ; French: [ana.is nin] ; February 21, 1903 – January 14, 1977)

4270-1065: Was a French-born American diarist, essayist, novelist, and writer of short stories and erotica . Born to Cuban parents in France, Nin was the daughter of the composer Joaquín Nin and the classically trained singer Rosa Culmell. Nin spent her early years in Spain and Cuba, about sixteen years in Paris (1924–1940), and the remaining half of her life in the United States, where she became an established author. Nin wrote journals prolifically from age eleven until her death. Her journals, many of which were published during her lifetime, detail her private thoughts and personal relationships. Her journals also describe her marriages to Hugh Parker Guiler and Rupert Pole , in addition to her numerous affairs, including those with psychoanalyst Otto Rank and writer Henry Miller , both of whom profoundly influenced Nin and her writing. In addition to her journals, Nin wrote several novels, critical studies, essays, short stories, and volumes of erotic literature . Much of her work, including

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4340-413: Was a critical 1932 evaluation of D. H. Lawrence called D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study , which she wrote in sixteen days. Nin became interested in psychoanalysis and studied extensively, first with René Allendy in 1932 and then with Otto Rank . Both men eventually became her lovers, as she recounts in her Journal . On her second visit to Rank, Nin reflects on her desire to be reborn as

4410-465: Was accumulated and donated by Henry Miller Library board member William Ashley. The Emil Schnellock Archive included many Miller books, manuscripts, letters, and ephemera collected by Emil Schnellock, Miller's lifelong friend and mentor from Brooklyn. The collection includes a first draft of Tropic of Cancer and hundreds of letters to and from Miller. The Schnellock Archive was acquired from an anonymous seller. Miller bibliographer Roger Jackson states that

4480-498: Was acquainted, often intimately, with a number of prominent authors, artists, psychoanalysts , and other figures, and wrote of them often, especially Otto Rank. Moreover, as a female author describing a primarily masculine group of celebrities, Nin's journals have acquired importance as a counterbalancing perspective. She initially wrote in French and did not begin to write in English until she

4550-523: Was diagnosed with cervical cancer in 1974. She battled the cancer for two years as it metastasized , and underwent numerous surgical operations, radiation , and chemotherapy . Nin died of the cancer at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles , California, on January 14, 1977. Her body was cremated , and her ashes were scattered over Santa Monica Bay in Mermaid Cove. Her first husband, Hugh Guiler, died in 1985, and his ashes were scattered in

4620-522: Was eventually sent to jail for three years for the edition. In 1950, Ernest Besig, the director of the American Civil Liberties Union in San Francisco, attempted to import Tropic of Cancer along with Miller's other novel, Tropic of Capricorn , to the United States. Customs detained the novels and Besig sued the government. Before the case went to trial, Besig requested a motion to admit 19 depositions from literary critics testifying to

4690-592: Was happening while Nin was in California, but consciously "chose not to know". Nin referred to her simultaneous marriages as her "bicoastal trapeze". According to Deidre Bair: [Anaïs] would set up these elaborate façades in Los Angeles and in New York, but it became so complicated that she had to create something she called the lie box. She had this absolutely enormous purse and in the purse she had two sets of checkbooks. One said Anaïs Guiler for New York and another said Anaïs Pole for Los Angeles. She had prescription bottles from California doctors and New York doctors with

4760-472: Was haunted by my patients. I wanted to intercede." It was in New York that she met the Japanese-American modernist photographer Soichi Sunami , who went on to photograph her for many of her books. Nin's most studied works are her diaries or journals, which she began writing in her adolescence. The published journals, which span six decades, provide insight into her personal life and relationships. Nin

4830-572: Was seventeen. Nin felt that French was the language of her heart, Spanish was the language of her ancestors, and English was the language of her intellect. The writing in her diaries is explicitly trilingual ; she uses whichever language best expresses her thought. In the second volume of her unexpurgated journal, Incest , she wrote about her father candidly and graphically (207–15), detailing her incestuous adult sexual relationship with him. Previously unpublished works were released in A Café in Space,

4900-633: Was two; her mother then moved Nin and her two brothers, Thorvald Nin and Joaquín Nin-Culmell , to Barcelona , and then to New York City, where she attended high school. Nin dropped out of high school in 1919 at age sixteen, and according to her diaries, Volume One, 1931–1934 , later began working as an artist's model . After being in the United States for several years, Nin had forgotten how to speak Spanish, but retained her French and became fluent in English. On March 3, 1923, in Havana , Cuba, Nin married her first husband, American Hugh Parker Guiler (1898–1985),

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