122-614: Henley Brook is an outer suburb of Perth , Western Australia , located in Perth's Swan Valley region. It is 25 kilometres (16 mi) north-east of Perth's central business district in the City of Swan local government area. Henley Brook is notable for its local history and landmarks, dating back to the foundation of the Swan River Colony . The eastern side of the locality near the Swan River
244-558: A " neighborhood " in the U.S. Due in part to historical trends such as white flight , some suburbs in the United States have a higher population and higher incomes than their nearby inner cities. In some countries, including India, China, New Zealand, Canada, the United Kingdom, and parts of the United States, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities due to urban sprawl . In others, such as Morocco , France, and much of
366-514: A belief summed up in a housing poster of the period "you cannot expect to get an A1 population out of C3 homes" – referring to military fitness classifications of the period. The committee's report of 1917 was taken up by the government, which passed the Housing, Town Planning, &c. Act 1919 , also known as the Addison Act after Christopher Addison , the then Minister for Housing. The Act allowed for
488-517: A city or town or to a separate municipality or unincorporated area outside a town or city. Although a majority of Americans regard themselves as residents of suburban communities, the federal government of the United States has no formal definition for what constitutes a suburb in the United States, leaving its precise meaning disputed. In Canada, the term may also be used in the British sense, especially as cities annex formerly outlying areas. In
610-546: A city's expansion, such as Ealing , Bromley , and Guiseley . In Ireland, this can be seen in the Dublin suburban areas of Swords, Blanchardstown , and Tallaght . The history of suburbia is part of the study of urban history , which focuses on the origins, growth, diverse typologies, culture, and politics of suburbs, as well as on the gendered and family-oriented nature of suburban space. Many people have assumed that early-20th-century suburbs were enclaves for middle-class whites,
732-404: A component of these newly designed suburbs which were booming in population. The television helped contribute to the rise of shopping centers by allowing for additional advertisement through the medium in addition to creating a desire among consumers to buy products that are shown being used in suburban life on various television programs. Another factor that led to the rise of these shopping centers
854-475: A concept that carries tremendous cultural influence yet is actually stereotypical. Some suburbs are based on a society of working-class and minority residents, many of whom want to own their own house. Meanwhile, other suburbs instituted "explicitly racist" policies to deter people deemed as "other", a practice most common in the United States in contrast to other countries around the world. Mary Corbin Sies argues that it
976-559: A further distance from them. In Japan, the construction of suburbs has boomed since the end of World War II and many cities are experiencing the urban sprawl effect. In Mexico, suburbs are generally similar to their United States counterparts. Houses are made in many different architectural styles which may be of European, American and International architecture and which vary in size. Suburbs can be found in Guadalajara , Mexico City, Monterrey , and most major cities. Lomas de Chapultepec
1098-520: A golf course resort, The Vines Resort & Country Club , which officially opened to the public in 1989. It offered a 27-hole golf course, a hotel, a leisure & function complex and an attached 390-lot rural residential estate , which marked the beginning of suburban development in the Ellenbrook area. The Department of Planning and Urban Development declared Ellenbrook a growth corridor for Perth in their 1990 'Metroplan' policy publication, prompting
1220-1006: A high of nearly two-thirds of Calgary CMA residents (67%), to a low of about one-third of Montréal CMA residents (34%). Large cities in Canada acquired streetcar suburbs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Modern Canadian suburbs tend to be less automobile-centric than those in the United States, and public transit use is encouraged but can be notably unused. Throughout Canada, there are comprehensive plans in place to curb sprawl. Population and income growth in Canadian suburbs had tended to outpace growth in core urban or rural areas, but in many areas, this trend has now reversed. The suburban population increased by 87% between 1981 and 2001, well ahead of urban growth. The majority of recent population growth in Canada's three largest metropolitan areas ( Greater Toronto , Greater Montréal, and Greater Vancouver ) has occurred in non-core municipalities. This trend
1342-588: A large scale in the 19th and 20th centuries, as a result of improved rail and road transport, which led to an increase in commuting. In general, they are less densely populated than inner city neighborhoods within the same metropolitan area, and most residents routinely commute to city centers or business districts via private vehicles or public transits ; however, there are many exceptions, including industrial suburbs , planned communities , and satellite cities . Suburbs tend to proliferate around cities that have an abundance of adjacent flat land. The English word
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#17328845285451464-471: A large stand–alone house. In the suburbs, where stand–alone houses are the rule, lots may be 85 feet (26 m) wide by 115 feet (35 m) deep, as in the Chicago suburb of Naperville . Manufacturing and commercial buildings were segregated in other areas of the city. Alongside suburbanization, many companies began locating their offices and other facilities in the outer areas of the cities, which resulted in
1586-710: A local RSL sub-branch for Ellenbrook that operates out of the Charlotte's Vineyard Community Centre. The town centre features a memorial garden for prominent resident and local MP Jaye Radisich . Ellenbrook contains ten schools of various types and catchments. There are five state primary schools - Anne Hamersley Primary School, Arbor Grove Primary School, Ellenbrook Primary School, Ellen Stirling Primary School, and Malvern Springs Primary School, all serving Kindergarten to Year 6. Students finishing Year 6 move to one of two state secondary schools in Ellenbrook, Ellenbrook Secondary College and Aveley Secondary College along
1708-550: A meeting point for those who lived within suburban America at this time. These centers thrived offering goods and services to the growing populations in suburban America. In 1957, 940 shopping centers were built and this number more than doubled by 1960 to keep up with the demand of these densely populated areas. Very little housing had been built during the Great Depression and World War II , except for emergency quarters near war industries. Overcrowded and inadequate apartments
1830-485: A mixture of facilities including clubrooms, change rooms, cricket nets, tennis & basketball courts and skateparks. There is also a 25 metre indoor swimming school operated by State Swim, as well as an abundance of gymnasiums located throughout the villages. Ellenbrook is home to the following local competitive sports clubs : An ANZAC war memorial exists in the Woodlake Park Amphitheatre, along with
1952-435: A modern home in beautiful countryside with a fast railway-service to central London. By 1915 people from across London had flocked to live the new suburban dream in large newly built areas across north-west London. Suburbanization in the interwar period was heavily influenced by the garden city movement of Ebenezer Howard and the creation of the first garden suburbs at the turn of the 20th century. The first garden suburb
2074-421: A north-south catchment area split. Additionally, there are three private Christian schools in Ellenbrook - St. Helena's Catholic Primary School, Ellenbrook Christian College and Holy Cross College. St. Helena's is a primary school only, while the latter two offer full K-12 education covering both primary school and secondary school in-house. There are no tertiary education institutions in Ellenbrook -
2196-507: A phenomenon known as white flight . After World War II, the availability of FHA loans stimulated a housing boom in American suburbs. In the older cities of the northeast U.S., streetcar suburbs originally developed along train or trolley lines that could shuttle workers into and out of city centers where the jobs were located. This practice gave rise to the term " bedroom community ", meaning that most daytime business activity took place in
2318-435: A problem of public order (keeping the unwelcome poorest classes together with the criminals, in this way better controlled, comfortably remote from the elegant "official" town). On the other hand, the expected huge expansion of the town soon effectively covered the distance from the central town, and now those suburbs are completely engulfed by the main territory of the town. Other newer suburbs (called exurbs ) were created at
2440-402: A reported 11,825 inhabitants, a 117% increase over the 2001 reported population of 5,445. It continued to increase each census year, to 16,284 in 2011 (+37%) and 22,681 in 2016 (+39%), in line with new suburban developments in the 2000s and 2010s. At the 2016 census, approximately 5,300 people worked locally in Ellenbrook's town and neighbourhood centres, with more than 50% of them working in
2562-529: A series of bridges, lakes and wetland reserves. Two of WA's natural gas pipelines , the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline and the Parmelia Pipeline, both run concurrently through Ellenbrook, along the long and narrow Forestview Park reserve in the south-west. At the 2021 Australian census , 48.8% of Ellenbrook residents were male and 51.2% were female. Ellenbrook's median age was 32, much lower than
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#17328845285452684-473: A settled life moved in masses to the suburbs. Levittown developed as a major prototype of mass-produced housing. Due to the influx of people in these suburban areas, the amount of shopping centers began to increase as suburban America took shape. These malls helped supply goods and services to the growing urban population. Shopping for different goods and services in one central location without having to travel to multiple locations, helped to keep shopping centers
2806-583: A studio based in Coolamon and transmitted from Brigadoon . Ellenbrook is reported on by the Midland-based Echo News community newspaper, which circulates weekly newspaper drops around the area. Each village contains an abundance of parks and open spaces, including three dedicated dog parks and four large public sports grounds - Woodlake Sports Ground, Coolamon Oval, Charlotte's Vineyard Oval and Ellenbrook District Open Space. The sports grounds share
2928-573: A total price of $ 10,000. Veterans could get one with a much lower down payment. At the same time, African Americans were rapidly moving north and west for better jobs and educational opportunities than were available to them in the segregated South. Their arrival in Northern and Western cities en masse, in addition to being followed by race riots in several large cities such as Philadelphia , Los Angeles , Detroit , Chicago , and Washington, D.C. , further stimulated white suburban migration. The growth of
3050-601: Is a distinct European style originating from European influence during the mid-1600s when the Dutch settled the Cape. Houses like these are called Cape Dutch Houses and can be found in the affluent suburbs of Constantia and Bishopscourt . Large cities like Sydney and Melbourne had streetcar suburbs in the tram era. With the automobile, the Australian usage came about as outer areas were quickly surrounded in fast-growing cities, but retained
3172-545: Is also beginning to take effect in Vancouver , and to a lesser extent, Montréal . In certain cities, particularly Edmonton and Calgary , suburban growth takes place within the city boundaries as opposed to in bedroom communities. This is due to annexation and a large geographic footprint within the city borders. Calgary is unusual among Canadian cities because it has developed as a unicity – it has annexed most of its surrounding towns and large amounts of undeveloped land around
3294-945: Is an example of an affluent suburb, although it is located inside the city and by no means is today a suburb in the strict sense of the word. In other countries, the situation is similar to that of Mexico, with many suburbs being built, most notably in Peru and Chile, which have experienced a boom in the construction of suburbs since the late 1970s and early 1980s. As the growth of middle-class and upper-class suburbs increased, low-class squatter areas have increased, most notably "lost cities" in Mexico, campamentos in Chile, barriadas in Peru, villa miserias in Argentina, asentamientos in Guatemala and favelas of Brazil. Ellenbrook, Western Australia Ellenbrook
3416-512: Is an outer suburb and planned community in Perth , Western Australia, within the City of Swan local government area. It is 28 km (17 mi) north-east of Perth's central business district and 18 km (11 mi) north of the regional metropolitan centre of Midland . It was first developed in the 1990s as a joint venture between the Government of Western Australia and private landowners in
3538-441: Is an urbanized nation where over 80% of the population lives in urban areas (loosely defined), and roughly two-thirds live in one of Canada's 33 census metropolitan areas (CMAs) with a population of over 100,000. However, of this metropolitan population, in 2001 nearly half lived in low-density neighborhoods, with only one in five living in a typical "urban" neighborhood. The percentage living in low-density neighborhoods varied from
3660-461: Is bounded by the Tonkin Highway to the west, Gnangara Road and Henley Brook to the south and Maralla Road and Bullsbrook to the north. The Millendon Junction to Narngulu railway line forms part of the boundary in the north-east. Its eastern boundaries are blended across the suburbs of The Vines and Aveley, both of which were formerly part of Ellenbrook in earlier years. The suburb sits in
3782-529: Is bounded by the Swan River to the east, and Drumpellier Drive & Whiteman Park to the west. Gnangara Road in the north separates Henley Brook from Aveley and Ellenbrook. Park Street, Murray Road and Woolcott Avenue comprise the southern boundary. Woolcott Avenue was originally the entire boundary until the creation of Brabham in 2011. Henley Brook is situated on the flood plains of the Swan River, with regularly occurring seasonal floods. Two ephemeral streams from
Henley Brook, Western Australia - Misplaced Pages Continue
3904-613: Is co-located within Ellenbrook Secondary College. Outside of Main Street is a large strip of big-box retail malls, service stations and fast food restaurants running along The Promenade, plus a light industrial zone on The Broadway. In addition, the suburb features two smaller secondary town centres. In the south, Woodlake has its own village centre on Highpoint Boulevard with a range of groceries, health, retail and restaurant offerings and two primary schools in its vicinity. In
4026-801: Is derived from the Old French subburbe , which is in turn derived from the Latin suburbium , formed from sub (meaning "under" or "below") and urbs ("city"). The first recorded use of the term in English according to the Oxford English Dictionary appears in Middle English c. 1350 in the manuscript of the Midlands Prose Psalter, in which the form suburbes is used. In Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, suburban areas (in
4148-407: Is necessary to examine how "suburb" is defined as well as the distinction made between cities and suburbs, geography, economic circumstances, and the interaction of numerous factors that move research beyond acceptance of stereotyping and its influence on scholarly assumptions. The earliest appearance of suburbs coincided with the spread of the first urban settlements. Large walled towns tended to be
4270-584: Is operated locally in Ellenbrook by St John . Ellenbrook Fire Station, operated by DFES , is located on the border of the suburb in Henley Brook. Ellenbrook's central town centre runs along Main Street, providing a variety of cafes, restaurants, health centres and mixed use office developments. Key civic buildings in the town centre include The Shops at Ellenbrook mall, the Ellenbrook railway station & bus interchange and Ellenbrook Community Library, which
4392-473: Is part of the suburb of Henley Brook , but was included in the Ellenbrook joint venture and its community master plan ^b : Includes the Lawley Private Estate A range of different dwelling types are present across the villages, from apartments, micro-lots and townhouses to two-storey houses, large acreages and over-55s retirement housing. One of the primary town planning principles for
4514-440: Is rural-residential, with many wineries, hobby farms and tourist attractions situated along West Swan Road , while the western side is dense suburban residential, forming part of the wider urban area of nearby Ellenbrook . The name Henley Brook is taken from the waterway of the same name that passes through the area. The brook in turn is named after Henley Park, a name given to the area by James Stirling on his 1827 expedition of
4636-500: Is served by the Beechboro substation. A small commercial zone exists in the north of the suburb on Gnangara Road with two fast food restaurants and a service station. Ellenbrook fire station is also located here, serving the wider Ellenbrook area. The suburb relies on the nearby town centres of Ellenbrook and Brabham for main line retail and most civic services. There is one state primary school, Henley Brook Primary School that serves
4758-450: Is the closest railway station and public transport hub, but Whiteman Park station is also close by to the south. The Ellenbrook railway line runs along Henley Brook's western boundary. Suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area ) is an area within a metropolitan area which is predominantly residential and within commuting distance of a large city. Suburbs can have their own political or legal jurisdictions, especially in
4880-586: The Department of Transport centre and the Midland Magistrates Court . The Ellenbrook Police Station, located in the town centre, is part of WAPOL's Midland District. It serves the wider area, including the adjacent suburbs of Aveley, The Vines and Henley Brook and the towns of Upper Swan and Bullsbrook . Although the nearest hospital is in Midland, a local ambulance depot and first aid training centre
5002-572: The FNB ("Soccer City") Stadium and south of the city in areas like Eikenhof, where the "Eye of Africa" planned community exists. This master-planned community is nearly indistinguishable from the most amenity-rich resort-style American suburbs in Florida, Arizona, and California, complete with a golf course, resort pool, equestrian facility , 24-hour staffed gates, gym, and BMX track, as well as several tennis, basketball, and volleyball courts. In Cape Town, there
Henley Brook, Western Australia - Misplaced Pages Continue
5124-648: The Hampstead Garden Suburb . The suburb attracted the talents of architects including Raymond Unwin and Sir Edwin Lutyens , and it ultimately grew to encompass over 800 acres. During World War I, the Tudor Walters Committee was commissioned to make recommendations for the post war reconstruction and housebuilding. In part, this was a response to the shocking lack of fitness amongst many recruits during World War One, attributed to poor living conditions;
5246-473: The Swan River Colony in 1829 brought a system of land grants for pioneering settlers. The Ellenbrook area was contained within the western halves of two land grants, Swan Location 1 and Swan Location A. After 1838, with little having been done to the area, landowners George Leake and William Burges both surrendered the future western Ellenbrook portions of their grants back to the British Crown , due to
5368-403: The inner cities of the U.S. Examples include the banlieues of France, or the concrete suburbs of Sweden, even if the suburbs of these countries also include middle-class and upper-class neighborhoods that often consist of single-family houses . Following the growth of the middle class due to African industrialization, the development of middle class suburbs has boomed since the beginning of
5490-485: The 1850s and eventually became a component of the Australian Dream . Toward the end of the century, with the development of public transit systems such as the underground railways , trams and buses, it became possible for the majority of a city's population to reside outside the city and to commute into the center for work. By the mid-19th century, the first major suburban areas were springing up around London as
5612-603: The 1930s through 1945, there were 1,450,000 constructed annually from 1946 through 1955. The G.I. Bill guaranteed low-cost loans for veterans, with very low down payments, and low interest rates. With 16 million eligible veterans, the opportunity to buy a house was suddenly at hand. In 1947 alone, 540,000 veterans bought one; their average price was $ 7300. The construction industry kept prices low by standardization—for example, standardizing sizes for kitchen cabinets, refrigerators and stoves allowed for mass production of kitchen furnishings. Developers purchased empty land just outside
5734-434: The 1990s, particularly in cities such as Cairo , Nairobi , Johannesburg , and Lagos . In an illustrative case of South Africa, RDP housing has been built. In much of Soweto , many houses are American in appearance, but are smaller, and often consist of a kitchen and living room, two or three bedrooms, and a bathroom. However, there are more affluent neighborhoods, more comparable to American suburbs, particularly east of
5856-509: The 2010s saw substantial investments into public transport works for Ellenbrook. The Perth to Darwin National Highway project saw the extension of Tonkin Highway (State Route 4) to Ellenbrook, providing a full north–south freeway link and two interchanges at Gnangara Road and The Promenade at its completion in 2019. Simultaneously, the stalled Ellenbrook railway line project was revived upon
5978-596: The 2021 Australian census, Henley Brook had a population of 2,500. 50.2% of Henley Brook residents were male and 49.8% were female. Belhus's median age was 41, slightly higher than the state and national average of 38. The most common ancestries in Belhus as of 2021 were English (43.2%), Australian (35.5%), Irish (9.3%), Scottish (8.7%) and Italian (8.2%), with 2.8% of residents identifying as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. 72.5% of residents were born in Australia. The suburb
6100-499: The District Centre, Ellenbrook's third neighbourhood town centre for the north of the suburb. The original Town Centre area also began to be built out with townhouses, medium-density apartments and microlot houses. The Shops, by this point rebranded to Ellenbrook Central after being sold to Vicinity Centres , saw its stage 3 expansion completed in 2020, taking it to 118 tenancies across 47,000m of retail floor space. The end of
6222-454: The Egerton Stud estate in the south-east, which was owned by Multiplex . Sanwa and Homeswest then formed a new joint venture company, Ellenbrook Management Pty Ltd, to coordinate planning and delivery of the new Ellenbrook townsite. The venture was a 53%-47% split between Sanwa and Homeswest respectively and controlled a combined 1,308 hectares of land in the project area. At the time, it
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#17328845285456344-522: The Ellen Brook. The Gnangara pine plantation to the west features public walks and picnic facilities, while the rural localities of Whiteman Park and Cullacabardee lie to the south and south-west. These three areas originally segregated Ellenbrook from the frontier of the Perth metropolitan area, making it a 'leapfrog' development. With suburban development occurring in Henley Brook and Brabham to
6466-476: The Ellenbrook project, divesting their 53% stake of the joint venture to Morella Pty Ltd - a syndicate of Australian families, investors and developers, including Clough , DCA and Milton Corporation . The syndicate was led by Danny Murphy, the outgoing Managing Director of Sanwa's Australian operations. Upon conclusion of the divestment, Murphy set up an independent land development company, LWP Property Group Pty Ltd, to take over project management and represent
6588-728: The French reports of the area, British naval officer Captain James Stirling led a party from the HMS Success on a similar expedition up the Swan River to survey the area for colonisation potential. Like the French, they stopped and camped in the Henley Brook area before turning back. Stirling returned to Australia in 1829 with a mandate to establish the Swan River Colony and its system of settler land grants . The Henley Brook area comprised three grants, known as Swan Locations B, E and F, all used for pastoral agriculture and wheatgrowing. Location B
6710-529: The Gnangara pine plantation, established by the state Forests Department in the early 1900s. The Gnangara Settlement, a residential townsite for forestry workers was built in the area, along with a timber mill on Weatherill Road, which is now modern day Forestview Park. Later in the 1970s, Boral leased the land around Gnangara Road to start a sand quarrying operation. Both land uses came to an end shortly before Ellenbrook's development. The postal locality system
6832-575: The Grand Central Terminal commuter hub that enabled its development. Westchester's true importance in the history of American suburbanization derives from the upper-middle class development of villages including Scarsdale , New Rochelle and Rye serving thousands of businessmen and executives from Manhattan. The suburban population in North America exploded during the post-World War II economic expansion . Returning veterans wishing to start
6954-407: The Perth metropolitan Bush Forever strategy. The Ellen Brook that the suburb is named after is situated close by in the neighbouring suburbs of The Vines and Belhus, but it no longer runs through Ellenbrook itself due to subsequent boundary changes. Sawpit Gully, a tributary of the Ellen Brook, still runs through the village of Annie's Landing in the north, informing that village's urban design with
7076-518: The Swan River. Henley Park was originally the name of an estate in Surrey, England, belonging to one of Stirling's relatives. During the 1801 Baudin expedition to Australia , French explorers from the Naturaliste charted a six day expedition up the Swan River on longboats, reaching the Henley Brook area and documenting its flora, fauna and environment before turning back. Later in 1827, after hearing of
7198-499: The Swan Valley region. The area also features the following unique tourist attractions: The suburb is generally bounded in a square-shape by three main roads - West Swan Road and Drumpellier Drive running north to south, and Gnangara Road running east to west. Drumpellier Drive links to Ellenbrook and Reid Highway, while Gnangara Road links to Tonkin Highway. Park Street is classified as a local distributor road. Ellenbrook station
7320-401: The Swan Valley. It was also used to compensate horse breeders and stud owners who were displaced from Newburn . In the 1995 Swan Valley Planning Act, the eastern side was selected for conservation and preservation activity as part of the Swan Valley tourism and industry corridor - leaving the western side free for urban development. The first suburban neighbourhood development in Henley Brook
7442-476: The U.S., the development of the skyscraper and the sharp inflation of downtown real estate prices also led to downtowns being more fully dedicated to businesses, thus pushing residents outside the city center. While suburbs are often associated with the middle classes, in many parts of the developed world, suburbs can be economically distressed areas, inhabited by higher proportions of recent immigrants, with higher delinquency rates and social problems, reminiscent of
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#17328845285457564-440: The United Kingdom and Ireland, the term suburb simply refers to a residential area outside the city center, regardless of administrative boundaries. Suburbs, in this sense, can range from areas that seem more like residential areas of a city proper to areas separated by open countryside from the city center. In large cities such as London and Leeds, many suburbs are formerly separate towns and villages that have been absorbed during
7686-459: The United States, but this is not always the case, especially in the United Kingdom, where most suburbs are located within the administrative boundaries of cities. In most English-speaking countries , suburban areas are defined in contrast to central city or inner city areas, but in Australian English and South African English , suburb has become largely synonymous with what is called
7808-468: The United States, many suburbs remain separate municipalities or are governed locally as part of a larger metropolitan area such as a county, district or borough . In the United States, regions beyond the suburbs are known as "exurban areas" or exurbs ; exurbs have less population density than suburbs, but still more than rural areas. Suburbs and exurbs are sometimes linked to the nearby city economically, particularly by commuters. Suburbs first emerged on
7930-781: The appellation suburb ; the term was eventually applied to neighborhoods in the original core as well. In Australia, Sydney's urban sprawl has occurred predominantly in the Western Suburbs . The locality of Olympic Park was designated an official suburb in 2009. Bangladesh has multiple suburbs, Uttara & Ashulia to name a few. However, most suburbs in Dhaka are different from the ones in Europe & Americas . Most suburbs in Bangladesh are filled with high-rise buildings, paddy fields, and farms, and are designed more like rural villages. Canada
8052-478: The area and encouraged the rise of viticulture operations in the Swan Valley. The modern suburb of Henley Brook, covering all of the former Henley Park, Clearwell and Albion Town estates, was first gazetted by the Shire of Swan in 1972. The western side was then subdivided into similar rural 5 acre lots in 1983. This area was encouraged by the state government for equestrian use with bridle paths between Whiteman Park &
8174-474: The area. Ellenbrook is a designated secondary activity centre within the Perth metropolitan area, serving Perth's north-eastern corridor. It forms a contiguous urban area with the adjoining communities of The Vines , Aveley and Henley Brook . The name Ellenbrook is derived from the nearby Ellen Brook waterway, which in turn was named after Ellen Stirling, the wife of Western Australia's first governor, James Stirling . The road Ellen Stirling Parade in
8296-533: The area. Bricklayer Richard Edwards lived on the adjoining Swan Location E, an estate granted to Lionel Samson , which allowed him to also work at Henley Park as Mackie's farm manager, where he built Mackie's homestead. Edwards also did work on other grants, such as Henry Bull's homestead at Belhus . Edwards was later gifted half of Location E by Samson; Edwards named his new estate Clearwell. Location F, granted to William Smithers, became subdivided very early on, with small lots being purchased by labourers working in
8418-486: The area. A small cluster of homesteads on these lots formed an area colloquially known as Albion Town. William Haddrill's house, which stands today, was a part of Albion Town. After passing through several prominent owners, including Edmund Brockman and Henry Saunders , the Henley Park estate was put up for subdivision in 1922, featuring large lots of between 5 and 10 acres. This allowed aspiring hobby farmers to move into
8540-494: The building of large new housing estates in the suburbs after the First World War , and marked the start of a long 20th century tradition of state-owned housing, which would later evolve into council estates . The Report also legislated on the required, minimum standards necessary for further suburban construction; this included regulation on the maximum housing density and their arrangement, and it even made recommendations on
8662-534: The city (then the largest in the world) became more overcrowded and unsanitary. A major catalyst for suburban growth was the opening of the Metropolitan Railway in the 1860s. The line later joined the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the suburbs of Middlesex . The line reached Harrow in 1880. Unlike other railway companies, which were required to dispose of surplus land, London's Met
8784-466: The city, installed tract houses based on a handful of designs, and provided streets and utilities, while local public officials raced to build schools. The most famous development was Levittown, in Long Island just east of New York City. It offered a new house for $ 1000 down and $ 70 a month; it featured three bedrooms, a fireplace, a gas range and gas furnace, and a landscaped lot of 75 by 100 feet, all for
8906-717: The city, with the working population leaving the city at night for the purpose of going home to sleep. Economic growth in the United States encouraged the suburbanization of American cities that required massive investments for the new infrastructure and homes. Consumer patterns were also shifting at this time, as purchasing power was becoming stronger and more accessible to a wider range of families. Suburban houses also brought about needs for products that were not needed in urban neighborhoods, such as lawnmowers and automobiles. During this time commercial shopping malls were being developed near suburbs to satisfy consumers' needs and their car–dependent lifestyle. Zoning laws also contributed to
9028-571: The city. As a result, most of the communities that Calgarians refer to as "suburbs" are actually inside the city limits. In the 2016 census, the City of Calgary had a population of 1,239,220, whereas the Calgary Metropolitan Area had a population of 1,392,609, indicating the vast majority of people in the Calgary CMA lived within the city limits. The perceived low population density of Calgary largely results from its many internal suburbs and
9150-523: The education, retail and hospitality industries. At the federal level, Ellenbrook is part of the Hasluck electorate. At the state level, Ellenbrook is split in half - Annie's Landing, Lexia, Malvern Springs, the District Centre and Coolamon are all part of the Swan Hills district, while the remainder forms part of the neighbouring West Swan district. Ellenbrook has seven polling booths located throughout
9272-592: The election of Mark McGowan's Labor government, with construction of the line and its accompanying town centre terminus station commencing in 2022. It is due to open on Sunday December 8th 2024, connecting Ellenbrook to Perth and the rest of the Transperth rail network. Ellenbrook's development was staged over two decades via a series of residential villages and town centres. Each village possesses its own distinct theme in housing, streetscape, landscape architecture and dwelling types. ^a : Morgan Fields
9394-455: The era, was heavily influenced by the Art Deco movement, taking influence from Tudor Revival , chalet style , and even ship design. Within just a decade suburbs dramatically increased in size. Harrow Weald went from just 1,500 to over 10,000 while Pinner jumped from 3,000 to over 20,000. During the 1930s, over 4 million new suburban houses were built, the 'suburban revolution' had made England
9516-407: The far north were released in 2011 and 2013 respectively, followed by Lawley Private Estate - a 12 hectare pocket of land in Charlotte's Vineyard that was owned by Mt Lawley Pty Ltd and excluded from the joint venture. Ellenbrook's second state high school, Aveley Secondary College was opened in 2018, followed by Brooklane shopping centre adjacent to it in 2020 - both leading to the creation of
9638-554: The first suburban districts sprung up around downtowns to accommodate those who wanted to escape the squalid conditions of the industrial towns. Initially, such growth came along rail lines in the form of ribbon developments , as suburban residents could commute via train to downtown for work. In Australia, where Melbourne would soon become the second-largest city in the British Empire, the distinctively Australasian suburb, with its loosely aggregated quarter-acre sections, developed in
9760-535: The first west-side developments began to occur the next year, with the first stages of Brooklands Private Estate and Henley Brook by Mirvac being released for sale. The following suburban estates exist in the western side of Henley Brook, where the area is classified as part of the Swan Urban Growth Corridor: The eastern side is characterised by rural-residential hobby farms and viticultural estates, mostly on large lots of between 5 and 10 acres. At
9882-507: The focus around which smaller villages grew up in a symbiotic relationship with the market town . The word suburbani was first employed by the Roman statesman Cicero in reference to the large villas and estates built by the wealthy patricians of Rome on the city's outskirts. Towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty , until 190 AD, when Dong Zhuo razed the city, the capital Luoyang
10004-495: The ideal number of bedrooms and other rooms per house. Although the semi-detached house was first designed by the Shaws (a father and son architectural partnership) in the 19th century, it was during the suburban housing boom of the interwar period that the design first proliferated as a suburban icon, being preferred by middle-class home owners to the smaller terraced houses . The design of many of these houses, highly characteristic of
10126-417: The increased density of older suburbs and the growth of lower density suburbs even further from city centers. An alternative strategy is the deliberate design of "new towns" and the protection of green belts around cities. Some social reformers attempted to combine the best of both concepts in the garden city movement. In the U.S., 1950 was the first year that more people lived in suburbs than elsewhere. In
10248-525: The land-owners in the area to commence preliminary re-zoning discussions with the Shire and various agencies of the State Government. The proposed name "Ellenbrook" was approved by the Department of Land Administration in 1990, leading to the gazettal of Ellenbrook as a suburb in 1992, out of the western parts of Belhus and Upper Swan. The new locality's boundaries included all of the lands owned by Homeswest and Sanwa, as well as The Vines estate and also
10370-771: The large amount of undeveloped land within the city. The city actually has a policy of densifying its new developments. In China, the term suburb is new, although suburbs are already being constructed rapidly. Chinese suburbs mostly consist of rows upon rows of apartment blocks and condos that end abruptly into the countryside. Also new town developments are extremely common. Single family suburban homes tend to be similar to their Western equivalents; although primarily outside Beijing and Shanghai, also mimic Spanish and Italian architecture. In Hong Kong, however, suburbs are mostly government-planned new towns containing numerous public housing estates. However, other new towns also contain private housing estates and low density developments for
10492-424: The location of residential areas outside of the city center by creating wide areas or "zones" where only residential buildings were permitted. These suburban residences are built on larger lots of land than in the central city. For example, the lot size for a residence in Chicago is usually 125 feet (38 m) deep, while the width can vary from 14 feet (4.3 m) wide for a row house to 45 feet (14 m) wide for
10614-713: The lower-density suburbs on the outskirts of the urban area. The term 'middle suburbs' is also used. Inner suburbs , such as Te Aro in Wellington, Eden Terrace in Auckland, Prahran in Melbourne and Ultimo in Sydney, are usually characterized by higher density apartment housing and greater integration between commercial and residential areas. In the United States and Canada , suburb can refer either to an outlying residential area of
10736-512: The most heavily suburbanized country in the world, by a considerable margin. Boston and New York City spawned the first major suburbs. The streetcar lines in Boston and the rail lines in Manhattan made daily commutes possible. No metropolitan area in the world was as well served by railroad commuter lines at the turn of the twentieth century as New York, and it was the rail lines to Westchester from
10858-816: The north, the District Centre area on Maffina Parade serves the northern villages of Ellenbrook, as well as nearby parts of Aveley and The Vines. The District Centre consists of the Brooklane Shopping Centre, Aveley Secondary College, the Ellenbrook Community Centre and the Ellenbrook District Open Space, as well as the Ellenbrook Sports Hub nearby in Aveley. The precinct features an array of mixed use buildings in between these primary institutions. The Ellenbrook Arts organisation
10980-482: The outskirts of the city were generally inhabited by the very poorest. Due to the rapid migration of the rural poor to the industrializing cities of England in the late 18th century, a trend in the opposite direction began to develop, whereby newly rich members of the middle classes began to purchase estates and villas on the outskirts of London. This trend accelerated through the 19th century, especially in cities like London and Birmingham that were growing rapidly, and
11102-459: The poor agricultural value of their Bassendean Sands soils making any land uses uneconomical to pursue. By contrast, the areas that they retained around the river and its streams, such as Belhus , went on to become profitable farms and estates. The area became a part of the newly-established Swan Road District local government area towards the end of the 19th century. The 20th century saw scattered industrial uses pursued in Ellenbrook, such as
11224-408: The project area for conservation. Preparations for infrastructure works began throughout 1994, with brand new water and sewerage headworks for the town constructed by Water Corporation , via a special agreement for the joint venture to pay back the costs of the infrastructure over the lifetime of the project. This allowed development of 'Village 1', Woodlake to begin in 1995, and the Ellenbrook suburb
11346-623: The project, declaring it uneconomical to proceed with, which attracted harsh criticism of the Liberal government. Town Centre retail and facility expansion continued towards the end of the decade, with The Brook Bar and Bistro tavern, the Ellenbrook Community Library and Ellenbrook Secondary College all opening on Main Street, along with the stage two expansion of The Shops at Ellenbrook which added an extra 24,000m of retail floor space. The final villages of Lexia and Annie's Landing in
11468-523: The railway. However, World War I (1914–1918) delayed these plans until 1919, when, with the expectation of a postwar housing-boom, Metropolitan Railway Country Estates Limited (MRCE) formed. MRCE went on to develop estates at Kingsbury Garden Village near Neasden , Wembley Park , Cecil Park and Grange Estate at Pinner and the Cedars Estate at Rickmansworth and to found places such as Harrow Garden Village . The Met's marketing department coined
11590-459: The river - Henley Brook and St. Leonard's Creek - traverse the suburb. Henley Brook is in the north-east near Brockman Street, while St Leonards Creek traverses the centre of the locality in a north-westerly direction. Topographically, the north-western area is situated high up on the Gnangara Mound, reaching peaks of 45 metres above sea level, but this drops to only 7 metres in the flood plains of
11712-456: The south, this is no longer the case and Ellenbrook now forms part of the contiguous Swan Urban Growth Corridor. Conservation category wetlands are incorporated as public open spaces throughout the suburb. In the far north of Ellenbrook's boundary are the Lexia wetlands, comprising 300 hectares of undisturbed wetland habitat that were ceded for conservation. These are protected from development under
11834-520: The south-east corner of the Gnangara Mound , close to the Darling Scarp . Topographically, the majority of Ellenbrook's area sits between 40-50 metres above sea level on the mound, with parts of Coolamon and Malvern Springs situated on hills that reach peaks of 65 metres. The northern village of Annie's Landing is a notable exception, sitting at only 25 metres above sea level within the flood plains of
11956-415: The state and national average of 38. The most common ancestries in Ellenbrook as of 2021 were English (37%), Australian (30.8%), Scottish (7.6%), Irish (7%) and Indian (4.3%). 3.8% of residents identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. 63.1% of residents were born in Australia. The 2021 population of Ellenbrook was 24,668. Historically, the population saw its biggest jump at the 2006 census with
12078-476: The suburb, mostly at its primary schools. The results below are a combination of the most recent results: Ellenbrook is considered a major activity hub for Perth's north-eastern corridor and is designated a secondary metropolitan centre within the City of Swan, providing facilities and services for a wide catchment area. Midland is the nearest primary metropolitan centre for government support services such as St John of God Midland Hospital , Centrelink ,
12200-579: The suburbs was facilitated by the development of zoning laws, redlining and numerous innovations in transport. Redlining and other discriminatory measures built into federal housing policy furthered the racial segregation of postwar America–for example, by refusing to insure mortgages in and near African-American neighborhoods. The government's efforts were primarily designed to provide housing to White middle-class and lower-middle-class families. African Americans and other people of color largely remained concentrated within decaying cores of urban poverty creating
12322-506: The syndicate's interests. Ellenbrook's expansion continued into the early 2000s, reaching several development, town planning and population milestones. The area's first high school, the private non-denominational Ellenbrook Christian College, opened to enrolments in 2001. The new villages of Coolamon and Charlotte's Vineyard were built and released in the north, bringing in thousands of new residents, along with The Pines, Ellenbrook's first over-55s retirement village. The Town Centre precinct
12444-971: The term Metro-land in 1915 when the Guide to the Extension Line became the Metro-land guide, priced at 1 d . This promoted the land served by the Met for the walker, visitor and later the house-hunter. Published annually until 1932 (the last full year of independence for the Met), the guide extolled the benefits of "The good air of the Chilterns", using language such as "Each lover of Metroland may well have his own favorite wood beech and coppice — all tremulous green loveliness in Spring and russet and gold in October". The dream as promoted involved
12566-430: The town centre is also named after her. Prior to development, Ellenbrook comprised uninhabited banksia and sheoak woodlands and wetlands, which were used by transient Whadjuk Noongar people for hunting. Two remnant aboriginal artefact scatter sites were previously identified by surveyors around Gnangara Road. A camp site, DAA ID 15120 was also identified in the Lexia wetlands in the far north. The beginning of
12688-405: The upper classes. In the illustrative case of Rome, Italy, in the 1920s and 1930s, suburbs were intentionally created ex novo to give lower classes a destination, in consideration of the actual and foreseen massive arrival of poor people from other areas of the country. Many critics have seen in this development pattern (which was circularly distributed in every direction) also a quick solution to
12810-508: The villages was to cater to as wide an array of ages, vocations and abilities as possible. 8,056 occupied dwellings were reported at the 2021 Australian census, along with 509 unoccupied dwellings. 89.3% of dwellings in Ellenbrook are separate individual houses, 9% are semi-detached/terraced/townhouses and only 1.6% are apartments. As a joint venture partner, the state Department of Housing reserved one in every 12 lots developed in Ellenbrook for social and affordable housing . Ellenbrook
12932-411: The western side. Western Power's Henley Brook substation was built in the north-west corner of the locality, abutting Ellenbrook. The substation serves power to most of Henley Brook, as well as the whole of the Ellenbrook urban area, including The Vines to the north-east and Brabham to the south. The substation supplies power from Pinjar Power Station . A portion of the rural eastern side of Henley Brook
13054-662: The whole suburb. High school students fall into the catchment area of Ellenbrook Secondary College . A campus of the private Australian Islamic College , serving kindergarten to year 12, was opened in 2024. The following historical heritage buildings from the colonial era are all still extant in Henley Brook: In addition to the historical attractions, Henley Brook contains a wide range of cafes, pubs, restaurants, breweries, vineyards and hotels, mostly situated along West Swan Road. These venues are all popular hotspots for tourism, weddings and other events, in line with other areas of
13176-467: The wider sense noted in the lead paragraph) have become formalized as geographic subdivisions of a city and are used by postal services in addressing. In rural areas in both countries, their equivalents are called localities (see suburbs and localities ). The terms inner suburb and outer suburb are used to differentiate between the higher-density areas in proximity to the city center (which would not be referred to as 'suburbs' in most other countries), and
13298-574: Was allowed to retain such land that it believed was necessary for future railway use. Initially, the surplus land was managed by the Land Committee, and, from the 1880s, the land was developed and sold to domestic buyers in places like Willesden Park Estate, Cecil Park, near Pinner and at Wembley Park. In 1912 it was suggested that a specially formed company should take over from the Surplus Lands Committee and develop suburban estates near
13420-516: Was an estate named Henley Park that was granted to William Mackie , and later part-owned with his cousin, Frederick Irwin . Mackie and Irwin later donated part of their estate, at the point where Stirling first landed, for public use as a church. Under Edwards' supervision, the Upper Swan Church was built on the land in 1831. Mackie himself was buried at this church upon his death in 1860, as were many other prominent land-owners and labourers from
13542-429: Was built and released for commercial land uses, starting in 2004 with The Shops at Ellenbrook - the first shopping mall in the area, featuring Woolworths as its anchor tenant and first full-line supermarket. The town centre also saw Swan Hills district MP Jaye Radisich establish her electorate office there, starting a trend that subsequent MPs have since followed. In 2006, the rural Egerton Stud area of Ellenbrook
13664-521: Was declared 'open' by the State Government in September 1995. In 1996, The Vines estate was excised from Ellenbrook and became its own suburb . Ellenbrook's first primary school, Ellenbrook Primary School, opened in 1996 as a 'school in houses', with classrooms in residential houses to cater for the immediate demand of new residents. The school moved to a purpose-built facility in Woodlake in 1997, which
13786-428: Was developed through the efforts of social reformer Henrietta Barnett and her husband; inspired by Ebenezer Howard and the model housing development movement (then exemplified by Letchworth garden city), as well as the desire to protect part of Hampstead Heath from development, they established trusts in 1904 which bought 243 acres of land along the newly opened Northern line extension to Golders Green and created
13908-407: Was followed by the opening of St Helena's Catholic Primary School nearby in 1999. That same year, the first shopping centre in Ellenbrook was opened in Woodlake, offering a supermarket, chemist, bank and other community services. Residential development began to expand into Ellenbrook's second designated village, The Bridges, towards the end of the decade. The 2000s began with Sanwa's withdrawal from
14030-578: Was founded in 2002 to encourage arts in the local schools and community, with a purpose-built art gallery and head office on Main Street. There is also an Ellenbrook Men's Shed , the Verdant Vista Community Garden and the Ellenbrook Youth Centre, which all encourage crafts, teamwork and socialisation amongst differing age and peer groups. Radio VCA 88.5FM is a community radio station for the Ellenbrook area founded in 2006, with
14152-711: Was introduced into the area in 1972, splitting Ellenbrook across two new localities, Belhus and Upper Swan . The lands in Ellenbrook were first highlighted for metropolitan expansion in a 1987 review of the Corridor Plan for Perth by the WA State Planning Commission. By then, the Belhus half had been purchased by the WA government's State Housing Commission (Homeswest) with the intent to develop social housing . The Upper Swan half had been purchased by Japanese developer Sanwa Vines Pty Ltd as part of their project to build
14274-515: Was mainly occupied by the emperor and important officials; the city's people mostly lived in small cities right outside Luoyang, which were suburbs in all but name. As populations grew during the Early Modern Period in Europe, towns swelled with a steady influx of people from the countryside . In some places, nearby settlements were swallowed up as the main city expanded. The peripheral areas on
14396-556: Was split into the new suburb of Aveley , which owners Multiplex had begun to develop separately. During the campaign for the 2008 Western Australian election , contenders Alan Carpenter and Colin Barnett both publicly pledged to build a new passenger rail line for Ellenbrook if elected. The 15 km line was expected to cost $ 850 million and be completed in 2015. However, the election winner Barnett announced in May 2010 that he had cancelled
14518-650: Was the Morgan Fields estate, on land which had been purchased by the State Housing Commission in the 1980s. It was subdivided and released for sale in 2000 as part of the Ellenbrook Joint Venture . In 2011, the developing urban area in the south-west was excised from Henley Brook and created as its own suburb named Brabham . The Henley Brook Local Structure Plan was approved by the WAPC in 2021, allowing
14640-498: Was the biggest public-private partnership ever undertaken in Western Australia and it became a model for future suburban developments. Multiplex was also invited, but declined to join the venture. The Environmental Protection Authority released its report on the development in mid-1992, approving the project to go ahead subject to various environmental approvals, including the requirement to permanently reserve 450 hectares of
14762-410: Was the building of many highways. The Highway Act of 1956 helped to fund the building of 64,000 kilometers across the nation by having 26 billion dollars on hand, which helped to link many more to these shopping centers with ease. These newly built shopping centers, which were often large buildings full of multiple stores, and services, were being used for more than shopping, but as a place of leisure and
14884-496: Was the common condition. Some suburbs had developed around large cities where there was rail transportation to the jobs downtown. However, the real growth in suburbia depended on the availability of automobiles, highways, and inexpensive housing. The population had grown, and the stock of family savings had accumulated the money for down payments, automobiles and appliances. The product was a great housing boom. Whereas an average of 316,000 new non-farm housing units were constructed from
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