52-435: Hawke's Bay ( Māori : Te Matau-a-Māui ) is a region on the east coast of New Zealand 's North Island . The region is named for Hawke Bay , which was named in honour of Edward Hawke . The region's main centres are the cities of Napier and Hastings , while the more rural parts of the region are served by the towns of Waipukurau , Waipawa , and Wairoa . Hawke's Bay is named for the bay to its east, Hawke Bay , which
104-490: A local government reform in 1989 that took place under the Local Government Act 1974 . The regional councils replaced the more than 700 ad hoc bodies that had been formed in the preceding century – roads boards, catchment boards, drainage boards, pest control boards, harbour boards, domain and reserve boards. In addition they took over some roles that had previously been performed by county councils. The boundaries of
156-894: A population of 175,074 in the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 8,706 people (5.2%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 23,895 people (15.8%) since the 2013 census . There were 85,497 males, 89,055 females and 516 people of other genders in 63,735 dwellings. 2.3% of people identified as LGBTIQ+ . The median age was 40.4 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 34,641 people (19.8%) aged under 15 years, 30,249 (17.3%) aged 15 to 29, 76,266 (43.6%) aged 30 to 64, and 33,918 (19.4%) aged 65 or older. People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 73.3% European ( Pākehā ); 28.6% Māori ; 6.2% Pasifika ; 6.5% Asian ; 0.8% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.4% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English
208-590: Is Splash Planet , an amusement and water park that is open in the summer. Cape Kidnappers , a headland at the south-eastern extremity of Hawke Bay, is a popular tourist attraction. The cape has been identified as an Important Bird Area due to being a breeding site for over 6500 pairs of Australasian gannets . Regions of New Zealand New Zealand is divided into sixteen regions for local government purposes. Eleven are administered by regional councils, and five are administered by unitary authorities , which are territorial authorities that also perform
260-638: Is a large bay on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand, surrounded by the Hawke's Bay region. It stretches from Māhia Peninsula in the northeast to Cape Kidnappers / Te Kauwae-a-Māui in the southwest, a distance of some 90 kilometres (56 mi). Captain James Cook , sailing in HMS Endeavour , entered the bay on 12 October 1769. After exploring it, he named it for Sir Edward Hawke , First Lord of
312-425: Is a mixture of elected councillors and government appointed commissioners. Councils may use a first-past-the-post or single transferable vote system. The chairperson is selected by the elected council members. Regional councils are funded through property rates , subsidies from central government, income from trading, and user charges for certain public services. Councils set their own levels of rates, though
364-476: Is an otherwise unremarkable hill in southern Hawke's Bay, not far from Waipukurau . Hawke's Bay Region covers 14,139.05 km (5,459.12 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 185,400 as of June 2024, 3.5 percent of New Zealand's population, with a population density of 13 people per km. Around 74 percent of the region's population lives in the Napier-Hastings conurbation . Hawke's Bay Region had
416-514: Is concurrent with State Highway 50 passing by Taradale. The Hawke's Bay Expressway forms the next section of the road as it crosses over the Tutaekuri and Ngaruroro rivers. The road then bisects Hastings and Flaxmere. The road continues through the Heretaunga Plains into Central Hawke's Bay, connecting the towns of Ōtāne, Waipawa, and Waipukurau. It then heads towards Takapau where it meets
468-517: Is dry and temperate, and the long, hot summers and cool winters offer excellent weather for growing grapes. Missionaries in the mid 19th century planted the first vines in Hawke's Bay and it is now an important place for full bodied red wines. The wine region is the second largest after the Marlborough wine region , with 4,681 hectares (11,570 acres) of vineyards and 91 operating wineries in 2018. Hawke's Bay
520-530: Is home to Rocket Lab 's Launch Complex 1 , New Zealand's first orbital launch site, on Māhia Peninsula . Wairoa District is home to Space Coast New Zealand , a stretch of coastline from which space launches can be viewed. Rocket Lab launches its Electron rockets several times a year, after its first successful launch of Humanity Star in January 2018. Hawke's Bay is served by Hawke's Bay Airport (also known as Napier Airport). 452,000 travellers passed through
572-577: The Local Government Act , the public had the right to demand a binding referendum on whether the amalgamation should proceed; such a demand would be valid if it was signed by at least 10% of the affected electors in one of the affected districts. Two days after the final proposal was issued, a valid referendum demand signed by more than 10% of the affected electors in the Rangitikei district was received (there were only twelve affected electors in that district, therefore only two signatures were required to trigger
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#1733085866277624-558: The Manawatū-Whanganui Regional Council (also known as Horizons Regional Council) since the 1989 local government reforms . Hawke's Bay is covered by five general electorates — namely Napier , Tukituki , Wairarapa , Rangitīkei , and Taupō . The bulk of the region is contained within the Napier and Tukituki electorates, the former comprising most of the northern part of the region (including Napier and Wairoa), whilst
676-550: The Resource Management Act 1991 : Regional councils have responsibility for functions under other statutes; Notes: (1) These regions have unitary authorities . (2) The Gisborne Region is still widely but unofficially known by its former name East Cape or as the East Coast. Some outlying islands are not included within regional boundaries. The Chatham Islands is not in a region, although its council has some of
728-661: The Richter magnitude scale , which killed 256 people. Napier rebuilt and now the city is world-famous for its Art Deco buildings, and celebrates its heritage each February with the Art Deco Weekend . MTG Hawke's Bay , formerly Hawke's Bay Museum and Art Gallery, has an exhibition on the earthquake, its causes and impact. During the Second World War , the German submarine U-862 entered the waters around Napier undetected, surfacing by
780-725: The Admiralty, on 15 October 1769, describing it as some 13 leagues (about 40 miles (64 km)) across. Hawke had decisively defeated the French at the Battle of Quiberon Bay in 1759. This part of the New Zealand coast is subject to tectonic uplift, with the land being raised out of the sea. For this reason, the coastal land in this area has significant marine deposits, with both marine and land dinosaur fossils having been found inland. The Napier earthquake of 3 February 1931 resulted in several parts of
832-572: The Hawke's Bay Region into a unitary authority that would hold all local decision-making powers for the region. This proposal was initiated by an application from a group called "A Better Hawke's Bay" and followed the Government-led amalgamation of eight local authorities into the new Auckland Council in 2010 and a 2012 "prosperity study" that found a similar amalgamation in Hawke's Bay could save up to $ 25m per year. A previous proposal to merge Napier and Hastings, though supported by Hastings residents,
884-519: The Ikaroa-Rāwhiti electorate. Hawke's Bay Anniversary Day is an annual day of celebration held on the Friday before Labour Day. It is celebrated throughout the old provincial boundaries of Hawke's Bay. The region is served by a variety of radio stations including Radio Kahungunu, The Hits 89.5, More FM, access station Radio Hawke's Bay (formally Radio Kidnappers) and local station Bay FM. As well, most of
936-820: The Sound Shell. The submarine fired a torpedo at the Pukeko , a steamer leaving the Port of Napier, but narrowly missed. On the 13th and 14 February 2023, Cyclone Gabrielle caused extensive damage in Hawke's Bay as it passed over the North Island. Power, phone service and internet access was cut to over 16,000 properties when the main Redcliffe substation was damaged in floodwaters after the Tutaekuri River burst its banks. Downstream, 1,000 people were evacuated from low-lying plains surrounding
988-457: The Waipara river rose to record levels. The total cost and damages are unknown at this time. The region is situated on the east coast of the North Island . It bears the former name of what is now Hawke Bay , a large semi-circular bay that extends for 100 kilometres from northeast to southwest from Māhia Peninsula to Cape Kidnappers . The Hawke's Bay Region includes the hilly coastal land around
1040-424: The census question. Of those at least 15 years old, 20,490 (14.6%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 77,136 (54.9%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 36,423 (25.9%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $ 39,300, compared with $ 41,500 nationally. 12,315 people (8.8%) earned over $ 100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
1092-427: The coast, is the largest lake in Hawke's Bay, the fourth largest in the North Island and the 16th largest in New Zealand. The region has a hill with the longest place name in New Zealand, and the longest in the world according to the 2009 Guinness Book of Records. Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
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#17330858662771144-615: The councillors are: Between 2013 and 2015 the Local Government Commission considered amalgamating Hawke's Bay Regional Council, its four constituent territorial authorities ( Napier City Council , Central Hawke's Bay District Council , Hastings District Council and Wairoa District Council ), and the small parts of the Rangitikei District Council (the rural community of Ngamahanga ) and Taupo District Council (the rural community of Taharua ) that fall within
1196-469: The former name of Hawke's Bay . Several medium-sized towns are located in the immediate surrounds of the bay, including Wairoa at the mouth of the Wairoa River and its flood plain in the north, the so-called 'twin cities' of Napier and Hastings in the south, and the town of Havelock North slightly further inland. Napier Port serves as the main export port for the region, and is the second largest in
1248-679: The functions of regional councils. The Chatham Islands Council is not a region but is similar to a unitary authority, authorised under its own legislation. The regional councils are listed in Part 1 of Schedule 2 of the Local Government Act 2002 , along with reference to the Gazette notices that established them in 1989. The Act requires regional councils to promote sustainable development – the social, economic, environmental and cultural well-being of their communities. The current regions and most of their councils came into being through
1300-406: The introduction of Mixed-Member Proportional elections in New Zealand, both electorates have been held by both Labour and National members of parliament, often shifting in a way similar to that of the nation as a whole. Hawke's Bay is also covered by three Māori electorates — namely Ikaroa-Rāwhiti , Waiariki , and Te Tai Hauāuru . The vast majority of the population of the region is within
1352-460: The latter comprises much of the central parts of the region and the area around Hastings, including Havelock North and Clive. Wairarapa, which extends across parts of Greater Wellington and Manawatū-Whanganui, includes much of Central Hawke's Bay District, including Waipukurau and Waipawa. The Rangitīkei and Taupō electorates do not contain much of any population within the region. Napier and Tukituki are often called ' bellwether ' electorates. Since
1404-415: The legislation were coordination of civil defence and development of a regional plan, although the constituent TLAs could agree on additional responsibilities at the point of formation of each united council. For example, in a number of cases the united council took responsibility for the allocation of revenue from regional petrol taxes. The united councils were based in the facilities of the largest TLA in
1456-597: The level below regional is organised into territorial authorities , consisting of Hastings District , Wairoa District , Central Hawke's Bay District , and Napier City . The localities of Taharua in the Taupo District and Ngamatea in the Rangitikei District are also within the boundaries of the region. It does not include the Tararua District , Dannevirke , Woodville or Norsewood , which have been under
1508-620: The main centres up north – including Auckland, Hamilton, Tauranga, Rotorua, and Taupō. It travels through the hilly interior of the region. It meets up with State Highway 2 after passing through Eskdale. The Taihape-Napier Road serves as an inland route between Hawke's Bay and the Rangitikei and Ruapehu districts, creating a connection to the towns of Taihape , Waiouru , and Ohakune . State Highway 50 starts in Ahuriri in Napier and after being concurrent with State Highway 2, splits off and connects
1560-731: The mechanism for collecting it usually involves channelling through the territorial authority collection system. The Auckland Regional Council (now the Auckland Council ) was preceded by the Auckland Regional Authority (ARA), which existed from 1963 to 1989. The Wellington Regional Council was first formed in 1980 from a merger of the Wellington Regional Planning Authority and the Wellington Regional Water Board. In 1978, legislation
1612-441: The more interior sections of the region – including the settlements of Fernhill , Maraekakaho , Tikokino , Ongaonga , and Ashley Clinton . The road terminates at an intersection with State Highway 2 near Takapau. The region is governed by Hawke's Bay Regional Council, which has its main office and council chamber in Napier. The council consists of eleven elected members and holds elections every three years. As of 26 October 2022
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1664-586: The national commercial and non-commercial operators have transmitters covering the region. Hawke's Bay is home to numerous parks, forests, beaches and various other natural attractions. Napier and Hastings are home to many parks, with major parks including Cornwall, Frimley, and Windsor Parks in Hastings, and Anderson Park, Park Island, Taradale Park and the Botanical Gardens in Napier. Located in Windsor Park
1716-578: The northern and central bay, the floodplains of the Wairoa River in the north, the wide fertile Heretaunga Plains around Hastings in the south, and a hilly interior stretching up into the Kaweka and Ruahine Ranges . The prominent peak Taraponui is located inland. Five major rivers flow to the Hawke's Bay coast. From north to south, they are the Wairoa River , Mohaka River , Tutaekuri River , Ngaruroro River and Tukituki River . Lake Waikaremoana , situated in northern Hawke's Bay, roughly 35 km from
1768-471: The northern and southern barbs of the hook, respectively. Hawke's Bay is one of only two places in New Zealand with a possessive apostrophe in its name, the other being Arthur's Pass . Captain Cook originally used an apostrophe in the name for the bay, but was inconsistent and wrote the name without an apostrophe a day later. Many New Zealanders spell the name without an apostrophe. Bay whaling stations operated on
1820-535: The other end of State Highway 50. After Takapau it heads into the Tararua District and through the towns of Norsewood and Dannevirke . State Highway 2 is the main route heading south from Napier-Hastings to get to major centres such as Palmerston North and Wellington . State Highway 5 enters Hawke's Bay from the north-west as the Napier-Taupo Road. It serves as the main connection between Hawke's Bay and
1872-425: The plains. In the hilly parts of the region sheep and cattle farming predominates, with forestry blocks in the roughest areas. Hawke's Bay has 17,886 ha (44,200 acres) of horticultural land, the third largest area in New Zealand behind Canterbury and Marlborough . The largest crops by land area are apples (4,750 ha), wine grapes (3,620 ha), squash (3,390 ha), and peas and beans (1,360 ha). The climate
1924-532: The poll). The referendum was held by post. Voting concluded on Tuesday 15 September 2015. Because 66% of electors opposed the change, the proposal was defeated and did not progress further. Results broken down to the council level showed that only Hastings district electors favoured amalgamation (52% in favour). Napier (84% opposed), Wairoa District (88% opposed) and Central Hawke's Bay (58%) were opposed. Only four votes were returned from Rangitikei (two each way); no votes were returned from Taupo district. Government at
1976-524: The powers of a regional council under the Resource Management Act 1991 . The Kermadecs and the subantarctic islands are inhabited only by a small number of Department of Conservation staff and there is no regional council for these islands. Regional councils are popularly elected every three years in accordance with the Local Electoral Act 2001, except for the Canterbury regional council, which
2028-723: The region and largely dependent on the TLAs for resources. They were allowed to levy rates but in most cases had minimal operating budgets (below $ 100,000 per annum). The notable exception was Canterbury, where the united council had a number of responsibilities. Only one united council undertook any direct operational activity – a forestry project in Wanganui. Source: Summary of the Functions and Activities of United Councils . Dept of Internal Affairs, 1984. Hawke Bay Hawke Bay ( Māori : Te Matau-a-Māui ), formerly named Hawke's Bay ,
2080-676: The region coming south from Gisborne, connecting the East Cape region to Hawke's Bay. It continues through Nūhaka and then Wairoa, crossing over the Mohaka River near the Mohaka Viaduct . It then winds through the hills of northern Hawke's Bay, passing by Lake Tūtira . It meets the ocean and then passes through Whirinaki where it intersects with the end of State Highway 5. After cutting by Bay View , it passes by Hawke's Bay Airport as it enters Napier next to Pandora Pond . As it goes through Napier it
2132-581: The regions are based largely on drainage basins . This anticipated the responsibilities of the Resource Management Act 1991 . Most regional boundaries conform with territorial authority boundaries but there are a number of exceptions. An example is Taupo District , split between four regions, although most of its area is in the Waikato region. There is often a high degree of co-operation between regional and territorial councils as they have complementary roles. Regional councils have these specific functions under
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2184-534: The river, where significant parts of Taradale, Meeanee and Awatoto were submerged. The floodwaters destroyed 4 bridges, including Redcliffe Bridge, a major crossing just south of Taradale. SH2 and SH51 bridges were heavily damaged, but did not collapse. A span of the Palmerston North-Gisborne Line crossing the Tutaekuri River also collapsed. The Ngaruroro River also breached its banks, flooding
2236-405: The seabed close to the city of Napier being raised above sea level. Because the central mountain ranges come close to the coast at the north end of the bay, much of the bay's northerly coastline has deeply eroded tablelands that end in steep seaside cliffs which descend to narrow beaches. Despite the bay being renamed Hawke Bay , without an apostrophe, the region surrounding it continues to bear
2288-597: The shores of the bay in the nineteenth century. Hawke's Bay Province was founded in 1858 as a province of New Zealand , after being separated from the Wellington Province following a meeting in Napier in February 1858. The Province was abolished in 1876 along with all other provinces in New Zealand. It was replaced with a Provincial District. On February 3, 1931, Napier and Hastings were devastated by New Zealand's worst natural disaster, an earthquake measuring 7.9 on
2340-579: The terminal in the 12 months to June 2013. This increased to 652,426 in the 12 months to June 2017. Hastings Aerodrome is a smaller uncontrolled airport in Bridge Pa near Hastings. Inter-regional travel into and out of Hawke's Bay is served by State Highway 2 and State Highway 5 , as well as the Taihape-Napier Road . State Highway 38 also connects inter-regionally, although it is less used due to being partially unsealed. State Highway 2 enters
2392-474: The town of Omahu where 20 people required evacuation via helicopter. In Wairoa, the Wairoa River breached its banks, flooding approximately 15 percent of the town. Access to Wairoa was cut off after extensive damage on SH2's Mohaka River Bridge in the south, and landslides also closing SH2 to the north. Water supply in Central Hawke's Bay failed, and a mandatory evacuation was ordered for eastern Waipawa after
2444-672: Was defeated in a public referendum in 1999. The Local Government Commission released an initial proposal in November 2013. After taking public submissions on the proposal, the Commission issued a final proposal in June 2015. The final proposal was that Hawke's Bay would be governed by a unitary council comprising a governing body (one mayor elected at-large and eighteen councillors elected across five wards) with subsidiary decision-making made by five local boards (each with six to nine elected members). Under
2496-399: Was estimated at $ 50,251 in the same period. In the year to March 2018, primary industries contributed $ 1.14 billion (13.9%) to the regional GDP, goods-producing industries contributed $ 1.84 billion (22.3%), service industries contributed $ 4.56 billion (55.3%), and taxes and duties contributed $ 707 million (8.6%). The region is renowned for its horticulture, with large orchards and vineyards on
2548-517: Was named in honour of Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke by Captain James Cook during one of his voyages along the coasts of New Zealand. The Māori language name for Hawke's Bay is Te Matau-a-Māui ( lit. the fishhook belonging to Māui ). This name comes from a traditional story in which Maui lifted the islands of New Zealand from the waters. The story says that Hawke's Bay is the fishhook that Māui used, with Portland Island and Cape Kidnappers being
2600-485: Was passed enabling the formation of regions with united councils . Twenty regions were designated, excluding the Auckland and Wellington areas. For most of the country this was the first regional level of government since the abolition of provinces in 1876. Councillors were not elected directly – they were appointed from the various territorial local authorities (TLAs) within the region. The only responsibilities mandated by
2652-608: Was spoken by 96.5%, Māori language by 7.2%, Samoan by 1.9% and other languages by 8.2%. No language could be spoken by 1.9% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.6%. The percentage of people born overseas was 17.5, compared with 28.8% nationally. The major local Māori tribe is Ngāti Kahungunu . Religious affiliations were 33.6% Christian , 0.9% Hindu , 0.5% Islam , 3.3% Māori religious beliefs , 0.6% Buddhist , 0.5% New Age , 0.1% Jewish , and 1.7% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 52.5%, and 6.5% of people did not answer
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#17330858662772704-434: Was that 69,846 (49.7%) people were employed full-time, 18,585 (13.2%) were part-time, and 3,948 (2.8%) were unemployed. Below is a list of urban areas that contain more than 1,000 population. Other towns and settlements in Hawke's Bay include: The subnational gross domestic product (GDP) of Hawke's Bay was estimated at NZ$ 8.67 billion in the year to March 2019, 2.9% of New Zealand's national GDP. The regional GDP per capita
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