Japanese sword mountings are the various housings and associated fittings ( tosogu ) that hold the blade of a Japanese sword when it is being worn or stored. Koshirae ( 拵え ) refers to the ornate mountings of a Japanese sword (e.g. katana ) used when the sword blade is being worn by its owner, whereas the shirasaya is a plain undecorated wooden mounting composed of a saya and tsuka that the sword blade is stored in when not being used.
96-471: Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training ( Japanese : 鬼滅の刃 柱稽古編 , Hepburn : Kimetsu no Yaiba Hashira Geiko-hen ) , also known simply as Demon Slayer: To the Hashira Training , is a 2024 Japanese animated dark fantasy action film based on the "Swordsmith Village" and "Hashira Training" arcs of the 2016–20 manga series Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba by Koyoharu Gotouge . It
192-465: A kabuto-gane instead of a kashira . The aikuchi ( 合口 or 匕首 ) is a form of koshirae for small swords in which the hilt and the scabbard meet without a crossguard between them. The word literally means ai ("meeting") + kuchi ("mouth; opening"), in reference to the way the hilt fits directly against the scabbard. Originally used on the koshigatana (a precursor to the wakizashi ) to facilitate close wearing with armour, it became
288-624: A benefit from the in-group to the out-group) means "[I/we] explained [it] to [him/her/them]". Such beneficiary auxiliary verbs thus serve a function comparable to that of pronouns and prepositions in Indo-European languages to indicate the actor and the recipient of an action. Japanese "pronouns" also function differently from most modern Indo-European pronouns (and more like nouns) in that they can take modifiers as any other noun may. For instance, one does not say in English: The amazed he ran down
384-414: A distinct language of its own that has absorbed various aspects from neighboring languages. Japanese has five vowels, and vowel length is phonemic, with each having both a short and a long version. Elongated vowels are usually denoted with a line over the vowel (a macron ) in rōmaji , a repeated vowel character in hiragana , or a chōonpu succeeding the vowel in katakana . /u/ ( listen )
480-517: A fashionable upper-class mounting style for a tantō (literally, "small sword", nowadays regarded as a dagger ) from the Kamakura period onwards. The shikomizue ( 仕込み杖 , "prepared cane") or jotō ( 杖刀 , "staff sword") is a Japanese swordstick . It is most famous for its use by the fictional swordmaster Zatoichi . The sword blade was placed in a cane-like mounting ( tsue ) as concealment. These mountings are not to be confused with
576-419: A glide /j/ and either the first part of a geminate consonant ( っ / ッ , represented as Q) or a moraic nasal in the coda ( ん / ン , represented as N). The nasal is sensitive to its phonetic environment and assimilates to the following phoneme, with pronunciations including [ɴ, m, n, ɲ, ŋ, ɰ̃] . Onset-glide clusters only occur at the start of syllables but clusters across syllables are allowed as long as
672-413: A hole in the kurikata . The kojiri ( 鐺 ) is the end cap of the scabbard or the protective fitting at the end of the scabbard. Kogatana (小刀), a small utility knife that fits into a pocket on the scabbard, the kozuka is the decorative handle for the kogatana . The kōgai (笄) is a spike for hair arranging that fits into a pocket on the saya . The umabari ( 馬針 ) is a small knife that
768-479: A listener depending on the listener's relative social position and the degree of familiarity between the speaker and the listener. When used in different social relationships, the same word may have positive (intimate or respectful) or negative (distant or disrespectful) connotations. Japanese often use titles of the person referred to where pronouns would be used in English. For example, when speaking to one's teacher, it
864-465: A pocket like fold or in the sleeve for self-defense or for suicide by means of slashing the jugular veins and carotid artery in the left side of the neck. Saya ( 鞘 ) is the Japanese term for a scabbard , and specifically refers to the scabbard for a sword or knife. The saya of a koshirae (scabbards for practical use) are normally manufactured from very lightweight wood, with a coat of lacquer on
960-408: A sentence need not be stated and pronouns may be omitted if they can be inferred from context. In the example above, hana ga nagai would mean "[their] noses are long", while nagai by itself would mean "[they] are long." A single verb can be a complete sentence: Yatta! ( やった! ) "[I / we / they / etc] did [it]!". In addition, since adjectives can form the predicate in a Japanese sentence (below),
1056-428: A single adjective can be a complete sentence: Urayamashii! ( 羨ましい! ) "[I'm] jealous [about it]!". While the language has some words that are typically translated as pronouns, these are not used as frequently as pronouns in some Indo-European languages, and function differently. In some cases, Japanese relies on special verb forms and auxiliary verbs to indicate the direction of benefit of an action: "down" to indicate
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#17330931307881152-477: A special training and submit the Corps to it, so everyone will be prepared for Muzan's upcoming arrival for Nezuko. Amane tasks Insect Hashira Shinobu Kocho to work alongside Tamayo to create a concotion against Muzan while Stone Hashira Gyomei Himejima inaugurates the training program and the retired Sound Hashira Tengen Uzui is summoned to help with it. Meanwhile, Water Hashira Giyu Tomioka decides that he will be
1248-423: Is tōsō ( 刀装 ) , meaning sword-furniture, where tōsōgu ( 刀装具 ) are the parts of the mounting in general, and "kanagu" stands for those made of metal. Gaisō ( 外装 ) are the "outer" mountings, as opposed to tōshin ( 刀身 ) , the "body" of the sword. A koshirae should be presented with the tsuka ( hilt ) to the left, particularly in times of peace with the reason being that one cannot unsheathe
1344-675: Is compressed rather than protruded , or simply unrounded. Some Japanese consonants have several allophones , which may give the impression of a larger inventory of sounds. However, some of these allophones have since become phonemic. For example, in the Japanese language up to and including the first half of the 20th century, the phonemic sequence /ti/ was palatalized and realized phonetically as [tɕi] , approximately chi ( listen ) ; however, now [ti] and [tɕi] are distinct, as evidenced by words like tī [tiː] "Western-style tea" and chii [tɕii] "social status". The "r" of
1440-421: Is topic–comment . Sentence-final particles are used to add emotional or emphatic impact, or form questions. Nouns have no grammatical number or gender , and there are no articles . Verbs are conjugated , primarily for tense and voice , but not person . Japanese adjectives are also conjugated. Japanese has a complex system of honorifics , with verb forms and vocabulary to indicate the relative status of
1536-404: Is a common sight in modern kendō . In modern Japanese, tsubazeriai (鍔迫り合い) has also come to mean "to be in fierce competition." The seppa (切羽) are washers used in front of and behind the tsuba to tighten the fittings. Seppa can be ornate or plain. The habaki ( 鎺 ) is a piece of metal encircling the base of the blade of a Japanese sword. It has the double purpose of locking
1632-453: Is a debatable topic in koryu circles. The kaiken ( 懐剣 ) is an 8–10 inch long, single- or double-edged dagger without ornamental fittings housed in a plain mount, formerly carried by men and women of the samurai class in Japan. It was useful for self-defense indoors where the long katana and intermediate wakizashi were inconvenient. Women carried them in their kimono either in
1728-527: Is a direct sequel to the third season of the anime television series as well as its third film adaptation, following Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Mugen Train (2020) and Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Swordsmith Village (2023). The film is directed by Haruo Sotozaki and written by Ufotable staff members. Similarly to the Swordsmith Village film adaptation, To
1824-405: Is a plain wooden Japanese sword saya ( scabbard ) and tsuka ( hilt ), traditionally made of nurizaya wood and used when a blade was not expected to see use for some time and needed to be stored. They were externally featureless save for the needed mekugi-ana to secure the nakago ( tang ), though sometimes sayagaki (blade information) was also present. The need for specialized storage
1920-411: Is a variation of the kogatana . It fits into a pocket on the saya . The tsuka ( 柄 ) is the hilt or handle of a Japanese sword. The tsuka is divided in the following parts: The menuki (目貫) are ornaments on the tsuka (generally under the tsuka-ito ); to fit into the palm for grip. Samegawa (鮫皮) is the ray skin used to cover or wrap the handle. Tsuka-ito (柄糸) is the wrapping of
2016-445: Is also seen in o-medetō "congratulations", from medetaku ). Late Middle Japanese has the first loanwords from European languages – now-common words borrowed into Japanese in this period include pan ("bread") and tabako ("tobacco", now "cigarette"), both from Portuguese . Modern Japanese is considered to begin with the Edo period (which spanned from 1603 to 1867). Since Old Japanese,
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#17330931307882112-519: Is also used in a limited fashion (such as for imported acronyms) in Japanese writing. The numeral system uses mostly Arabic numerals , but also traditional Chinese numerals . Proto-Japonic , the common ancestor of the Japanese and Ryukyuan languages , is thought to have been brought to Japan by settlers coming from the Korean peninsula sometime in the early- to mid-4th century BC (the Yayoi period ), replacing
2208-440: Is appropriate to use sensei ( 先生 , "teacher"), but inappropriate to use anata . This is because anata is used to refer to people of equal or lower status, and one's teacher has higher status. Japanese nouns have no grammatical number, gender or article aspect. The noun hon ( 本 ) may refer to a single book or several books; hito ( 人 ) can mean "person" or "people", and ki ( 木 ) can be "tree" or "trees". Where number
2304-684: Is associated with comedy (see Kansai dialect ). Dialects of Tōhoku and North Kantō are associated with typical farmers. The Ryūkyūan languages, spoken in Okinawa and the Amami Islands (administratively part of Kagoshima ), are distinct enough to be considered a separate branch of the Japonic family; not only is each language unintelligible to Japanese speakers, but most are unintelligible to those who speak other Ryūkyūan languages. However, in contrast to linguists, many ordinary Japanese people tend to consider
2400-426: Is because prolonged koshirae mounting harmed the blade, owing to factors such as the lacquered wood retaining moisture and encouraging corrosion . Such mountings are not intended for actual combat, as the lack of a tsuba (guard) and proper handle wrappings were deleterious; as such they would likely never make their way onto a battlefield. However, there have been loosely similar "hidden" mountings, such as
2496-462: Is better documentation of Late Middle Japanese phonology than for previous forms (for instance, the Arte da Lingoa de Iapam ). Among other sound changes, the sequence /au/ merges to /ɔː/ , in contrast with /oː/ ; /p/ is reintroduced from Chinese; and /we/ merges with /je/ . Some forms rather more familiar to Modern Japanese speakers begin to appear – the continuative ending - te begins to reduce onto
2592-509: Is correlated with the sex of the speaker and the social situation in which they are spoken: men and women alike in a formal situation generally refer to themselves as watashi ( 私 , literally "private") or watakushi (also 私 , hyper-polite form), while men in rougher or intimate conversation are much more likely to use the word ore ( 俺 "oneself", "myself") or boku . Similarly, different words such as anata , kimi , and omae ( お前 , more formally 御前 "the one before me") may refer to
2688-550: Is determined by the tsuba and the curvature of the blade. The diameter of the average katana tsuba is 7.5–8 centimetres (3.0–3.1 in), wakizashi tsuba is 6.2–6.6 cm (2.4–2.6 in), and tantō tsuba is 4.5–6 cm (1.8–2.4 in). During the Muromachi period (1333–1573) and the Momoyama period (1573–1603) Tsuba were more for functionality than for decoration, being made of stronger metals and designs. During
2784-485: Is hiding in Urami's heart and exposes him to sunlight after slicing Urami in half. Hantengu remembers his criminal human life as Tanjiro kills him. Zohakuten disintegrates as well, saving Mitsuri. Tanjiro laments it has cost Nezuko's life but she is revealed to be alive, is no longer burning and has started speaking again after her bamboo mouthpiece slips off. Through Hantengu's memories, demon king Muzan Kibutsuji learns Nezuko
2880-420: Is immune to sunlight and realizes that his goal to become immortal will be fulfilled if he devours Nezuko. In the aftermath of the battle, Muichiro thanks Tanjiro for helping him to regain his identity, Mitsuri embraces them for all for surviving and the entire village celebrate the siblings for their victory. One week later, Zenitsu Agatsuma and Inosuke Hashibira return from their individual missions. Tanjiro
2976-417: Is important, it can be indicated by providing a quantity (often with a counter word ) or (rarely) by adding a suffix, or sometimes by duplication (e.g. 人人 , hitobito , usually written with an iteration mark as 人々 ). Words for people are usually understood as singular. Thus Tanaka-san usually means Mx Tanaka . Words that refer to people and animals can be made to indicate a group of individuals through
Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training - Misplaced Pages Continue
3072-722: Is less common. In terms of mutual intelligibility , a survey in 1967 found that the four most unintelligible dialects (excluding Ryūkyūan languages and Tōhoku dialects ) to students from Greater Tokyo were the Kiso dialect (in the deep mountains of Nagano Prefecture ), the Himi dialect (in Toyama Prefecture ), the Kagoshima dialect and the Maniwa dialect (in Okayama Prefecture ). The survey
3168-420: Is often called a topic-prominent language , which means it has a strong tendency to indicate the topic separately from the subject, and that the two do not always coincide. The sentence Zō wa hana ga nagai ( 象は鼻が長い ) literally means, "As for elephant(s), (the) nose(s) (is/are) long". The topic is zō "elephant", and the subject is hana "nose". Japanese grammar tends toward brevity; the subject or object of
3264-586: Is one of several portals to the Infinity Castle, a vast extra-dimensional space that serves as Muzan's lair. As the Demon Slayer Corps' leader Kagaya Ubuyashiki is on his deathbed , his wife Amane summons the Hashiras to a meeting where Muichiro and Mitsuri tell them about the awakening of their marks, both of which happened under extreme duress. In order to tap into that extra power, they need to undergo
3360-489: Is preserved in words such as matsuge ("eyelash", lit. "hair of the eye"); modern mieru ("to be visible") and kikoeru ("to be audible") retain a mediopassive suffix - yu(ru) ( kikoyu → kikoyuru (the attributive form, which slowly replaced the plain form starting in the late Heian period) → kikoeru (all verbs with the shimo-nidan conjugation pattern underwent this same shift in Early Modern Japanese )); and
3456-542: Is recovering from his wounds and Hotaru gives him a new sword with the late Flame Hashira Kyojuro Rengoku 's tsuba on it. Tanjiro also receives a letter from Tamayo , who tells him that her tests with the blood samples from the Twelve Kizuki have been successful in turning demons back to humans. In another mission, Serpent Hashira Obanai Iguro and Genya's older brother Wind Hashira Sanemi Shinazugawa investigate an abandoned temple inhabited by demons. They soon realize it
3552-596: Is the principal language of the Japonic language family spoken by the Japanese people . It has around 123 million speakers, primarily in Japan , the only country where it is the national language , and within the Japanese diaspora worldwide. The Japonic family also includes the Ryukyuan languages and the variously classified Hachijō language . There have been many attempts to group the Japonic languages with other families such as
3648-402: Is the version of Japanese discussed in this article. Formerly, standard Japanese in writing ( 文語 , bungo , "literary language") was different from colloquial language ( 口語 , kōgo ) . The two systems have different rules of grammar and some variance in vocabulary. Bungo was the main method of writing Japanese until about 1900; since then kōgo gradually extended its influence and
3744-471: Is used for the present and the future. For verbs that represent an ongoing process, the -te iru form indicates a continuous (or progressive) aspect , similar to the suffix ing in English. For others that represent a change of state, the -te iru form indicates a perfect aspect. For example, kite iru means "They have come (and are still here)", but tabete iru means "They are eating". Questions (both with an interrogative pronoun and yes/no questions) have
3840-405: Is why some linguists do not classify Japanese "pronouns" as pronouns, but rather as referential nouns, much like Spanish usted (contracted from vuestra merced , "your ( majestic plural ) grace") or Portuguese você (from vossa mercê ). Japanese personal pronouns are generally used only in situations requiring special emphasis as to who is doing what to whom. The choice of words used as pronouns
3936-462: The shikomizue . Also, many blades dating back to earlier Japanese history are today sold in such a format, along with modern-day reproductions; while most are purely decorative replicas, a few have functional blades. The word koshirae is derived from the verb koshiraeru ( 拵える ) , which is no longer used in current speech. More commonly "tsukuru" is used in its place with both words meaning to "make, create, manufacture." A more accurate word
Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training - Misplaced Pages Continue
4032-417: The tachi , where the sword is suspended edge-down from two hangers ( ashi ) attached to the obi . The hilt often had a slightly stronger curvature than the blade , continuing the classic tachi increase in curvature going from the tip to the hilt. The hilt was usually secured with two pegs (mekugi) , as compared to one peg for shorter blades including katana . The tachi style koshirae preceded
4128-404: The tsuba (guard) in place, and to maintain the weapon in its saya (scabbard). The importance of the habaki is seen in drawing the katana from the scabbard. It is drawn by grasping the scabbard near the top and pressing the guard with the thumb to emerge the blade just enough to unwedge the habaki from inside the scabbard in a process called koiguchi no kirikata ( 鯉口の切り方 ) "cutting
4224-555: The Ainu , Austronesian , Koreanic , and the now-discredited Altaic , but none of these proposals have gained any widespread acceptance. Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan. Chinese documents from the 3rd century AD recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial Old Japanese texts did not appear until the 8th century. From the Heian period (794–1185), extensive waves of Sino-Japanese vocabulary entered
4320-441: The Edo period (1603–1868) there was peace in Japan so tsuba became more ornamental and made of less practical metals such as gold. Tsuba are usually finely decorated, and nowadays are collectors' items. Tsuba were made by whole dynasties of craftsmen whose only craft was making tsuba . They were usually lavishly decorated. In addition to being collectors items, they were often used as heirlooms, passed from one generation to
4416-455: The Japonic language family, which also includes the Ryukyuan languages spoken in the Ryukyu Islands . As these closely related languages are commonly treated as dialects of the same language, Japanese is sometimes called a language isolate . According to Martine Irma Robbeets , Japanese has been subject to more attempts to show its relation to other languages than any other language in
4512-504: The Philippines , and various Pacific islands, locals in those countries learned Japanese as the language of the empire. As a result, many elderly people in these countries can still speak Japanese. Japanese emigrant communities (the largest of which are to be found in Brazil , with 1.4 million to 1.5 million Japanese immigrants and descendants, according to Brazilian IBGE data, more than
4608-455: The Shirasaya (白鞘, "white scabbard"), which were just plain wooden mountings with no decoration other than (sometimes) a short description of the contents. According to Hatsumi Masaaki, Some shikomi-zue also concealed metsubushi , chains, hooks, and many other things. Shikomi-zue could be carried in public without arousing suspicion, making them perfect tools for shinobi . However, this
4704-716: The United States (notably in Hawaii , where 16.7% of the population has Japanese ancestry, and California ), and the Philippines (particularly in Davao Region and the Province of Laguna ). Japanese has no official status in Japan, but is the de facto national language of the country. There is a form of the language considered standard : hyōjungo ( 標準語 ) , meaning "standard Japanese", or kyōtsūgo ( 共通語 ) , "common language", or even "Tokyo dialect" at times. The meanings of
4800-794: The de facto standard Japanese had been the Kansai dialect , especially that of Kyoto . However, during the Edo period, Edo (now Tokyo) developed into the largest city in Japan, and the Edo-area dialect became standard Japanese. Since the end of Japan's self-imposed isolation in 1853, the flow of loanwords from European languages has increased significantly. The period since 1945 has seen many words borrowed from other languages—such as German, Portuguese and English. Many English loan words especially relate to technology—for example, pasokon (short for "personal computer"), intānetto ("internet"), and kamera ("camera"). Due to
4896-434: The katana style koshirae . The katana (刀) style koshirae is the most commonly known koshirae and it is what is most associated with a samurai sword. Swords mounted in this manner are worn with the cutting edge up as opposed to the tachi mounting, in which the sword is worn with the cutting edge down. The han-dachi ( 半太刀 ) koshirae was worn katana -style but included some tachi related fittings such as
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#17330931307884992-403: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , 88% of 16 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.2/10. American audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale, while those polled at PostTrak gave it a 84% positive score, with 68% saying they would definitely recommend the film. Writing for Fiction Horizon , Arthur S. Poe gave
5088-424: The tsuka , traditionally silk but today more often cotton and sometimes, leather. Fuchi (縁), a cap type collar or ferrule which covers the opening in the tsuka of a Japanese sword. The tang of the sword goes into the tsuka through the opening in the fuchi . The kashira ( 頭 ) is the end cap (pommel) on the tsuka . The tsuba ( 鍔 , or 鐔 ) is usually a round (or occasionally squarish) guard at
5184-518: The 1.2 million of the United States ) sometimes employ Japanese as their primary language. Approximately 12% of Hawaii residents speak Japanese, with an estimated 12.6% of the population of Japanese ancestry in 2008. Japanese emigrants can also be found in Peru , Argentina , Australia (especially in the eastern states), Canada (especially in Vancouver , where 1.4% of the population has Japanese ancestry),
5280-463: The Hashira Training acts as a compilation film to the anime television series, incorporating fully the last episode of the third season and the first episode of the fourth season , which was broadcast later in the same year, as well as an edited summary using footage of previous episodes at the beginning. Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training was released in Japan on February 2, 2024, by Toho and Aniplex . Like its predecessors,
5376-482: The Japanese language is of particular interest, ranging between an apical central tap and a lateral approximant . The "g" is also notable; unless it starts a sentence, it may be pronounced [ ŋ ] , in the Kanto prestige dialect and in other eastern dialects. The phonotactics of Japanese are relatively simple. The syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), that is, a core vowel surrounded by an optional onset consonant,
5472-724: The Old Japanese sections are written in Man'yōgana , which uses kanji for their phonetic as well as semantic values. Based on the Man'yōgana system, Old Japanese can be reconstructed as having 88 distinct morae . Texts written with Man'yōgana use two different sets of kanji for each of the morae now pronounced き (ki), ひ (hi), み (mi), け (ke), へ (he), め (me), こ (ko), そ (so), と (to), の (no), も (mo), よ (yo) and ろ (ro). (The Kojiki has 88, but all later texts have 87. The distinction between mo 1 and mo 2 apparently
5568-488: The Ryūkyūan languages as dialects of Japanese. The imperial court also seems to have spoken an unusual variant of the Japanese of the time, most likely the spoken form of Classical Japanese , a writing style that was prevalent during the Heian period , but began to decline during the late Meiji period . The Ryūkyūan languages are classified by UNESCO as 'endangered', as young people mostly use Japanese and cannot understand
5664-529: The United States and Canada, and $ 26.7 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $ 44.4 million. In the United States and Canada, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training was released alongside Drive-Away Dolls and Ordinary Angels , and was projected to gross $ 7–8 million from 1,949 theaters in its opening weekend. It ended up over-performing and debuting to $ 11.6 million, finishing in second behind Bob Marley: One Love . On
5760-543: The addition of a collective suffix (a noun suffix that indicates a group), such as -tachi , but this is not a true plural: the meaning is closer to the English phrase "and company". A group described as Tanaka-san-tachi may include people not named Tanaka. Some Japanese nouns are effectively plural, such as hitobito "people" and wareware "we/us", while the word tomodachi "friend" is considered singular, although plural in form. Verbs are conjugated to show tenses, of which there are two: past and present (or non-past) which
5856-422: The distance and runs away to eat them. Tanjiro is able to behead Urami but Nezuko starts burning from exposure to sunlight. Horrified, Tanjiro notices that Urami's beheaded body is still alive because Hantengu, the main body, has not yet being decapitated. With the others facing several obstacles, Tanjiro freezes as he is unable to make a decision until Nezuko signals him to kill the demon. Tanjiro realizes Hantengu
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#17330931307885952-463: The effect of changing Japanese into a mora-timed language. Late Middle Japanese covers the years from 1185 to 1600, and is normally divided into two sections, roughly equivalent to the Kamakura period and the Muromachi period , respectively. The later forms of Late Middle Japanese are the first to be described by non-native sources, in this case the Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries; and thus there
6048-405: The end of the grip of bladed Japanese weapons, like the katana and its variations, tachi , wakizashi , tantō , naginata etc. They contribute to the balance of the weapon and to the protection of the hand. The tsuba was mostly meant to be used to prevent the hand from sliding onto the blade during thrusts as opposed to protecting from an opponent's blade. The chudan no kamae guard
6144-421: The exterior. Correct drawing and sheathing of the blade involves contacting the mune (the back of the blade) rather than ha (the edge) to the inside of the scabbard. The saya also has a horn knob ( 栗形 , kurigata ) on one side for attaching a braided cord ( sageo ), and may have a shitodome (mounting loop) to accent the kurigata as well as an end cap ( 小尻 , kojiri ) made from metal. Traditionally
6240-441: The film an 8/10 score, concluding that " Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training is a great work as far as a recap/preview movie is concerned. The editing part was amazing, the selection of music brought back some memories, and all in all, it is a satisfying work that definitely has us wanting more Demon Slayer content." Japanese language Japanese ( 日本語 , Nihongo , [ɲihoŋɡo] )
6336-904: The film received generally positive reviews and grossed over $ 44 million worldwide. A sequel film trilogy set after the previous events of the fourth season, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Infinity Castle , is in development. Shortly after killing Gyokko , the Upper Five of the Twelve Kizuki, Mist Hashira Muichiro Tokito awakens a mysterious mark on his face that enhances his strength and speed before reeling from exhaustation as fellow swordsmiths Kozo Kanamori and Kotetsu aid him. Meanwhile, Tanjiro Kamado and Genya Shinazugawa assist Love Hashira Mitsuri Kanroji against Upper Four Hantengu , who has become tiny to hide while his manifested hatred Zohakuten attacks them with his Blood Demon Art of giant wooden dragons. As Mitsuri awakens her mark to face Zohakuten, Genya and Tanjiro pursue Hantengu before
6432-455: The flow of loanwords from European languages increased significantly, and words from English roots have proliferated. Japanese is an agglutinative , mora -timed language with relatively simple phonotactics , a pure vowel system, phonemic vowel and consonant length, and a lexically significant pitch-accent . Word order is normally subject–object–verb with particles marking the grammatical function of words, and sentence structure
6528-609: The genitive particle ga remains in intentionally archaic speech. Early Middle Japanese is the Japanese of the Heian period , from 794 to 1185. It formed the basis for the literary standard of Classical Japanese , which remained in common use until the early 20th century. During this time, Japanese underwent numerous phonological developments, in many cases instigated by an influx of Chinese loanwords . These included phonemic length distinction for both consonants and vowels , palatal consonants (e.g. kya ) and labial consonant clusters (e.g. kwa ), and closed syllables . This had
6624-435: The koiguchi (the throat of the scabbard) and kojiri (the chape ) were made from buffalo horn. The Saya is divided in parts: A sageo ( 下緒 or 下げ緒 ) is a hanging cord made of silk, cotton or leather that is passed through the hole in the kurigata ( 栗形 ) of a Japanese sword 's saya . There are a number of different methods for wrapping and tying the sageo on the saya for display purposes. Other uses for
6720-444: The koiguchi" . The blade, being freed, can be drawn out very quickly. This is known as koiguchi o kiru ( 鯉口を切る ) , nukitsuke ( 抜き付け ) , or tanka o kiru ( 啖呵を切る ) "clearing the tanka " . The expression " tanka o kiru " is now widely used in Japan, in the sense of "getting ready to begin something", or "getting ready to speak", especially with an aggressive connotation. The habaki will cause normal wear and tear inside
6816-430: The language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese . Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive grammatical changes and the first appearance of European loanwords . The basis of the standard dialect moved from the Kansai region to the Edo region (modern Tokyo ) in the Early Modern Japanese period (early 17th century–mid 19th century). Following the end of Japan's self-imposed isolation in 1853,
6912-453: The languages of the original Jōmon inhabitants, including the ancestor of the modern Ainu language . Because writing had yet to be introduced from China, there is no direct evidence, and anything that can be discerned about this period must be based on internal reconstruction from Old Japanese , or comparison with the Ryukyuan languages and Japanese dialects . The Chinese writing system
7008-449: The languages. Okinawan Japanese is a variant of Standard Japanese influenced by the Ryūkyūan languages, and is the primary dialect spoken among young people in the Ryukyu Islands . Modern Japanese has become prevalent nationwide (including the Ryūkyū islands) due to education , mass media , and an increase in mobility within Japan, as well as economic integration. Japanese is a member of
7104-427: The large quantity of English loanwords, modern Japanese has developed a distinction between [tɕi] and [ti] , and [dʑi] and [di] , with the latter in each pair only found in loanwords. Although Japanese is spoken almost exclusively in Japan, it has also been spoken outside of the country. Before and during World War II , through Japanese annexation of Taiwan and Korea , as well as partial occupation of China ,
7200-643: The latter uses his "Hinokami Kagura" to slice the demon's neck. Hantengu suddenly unleashes his manifested resentment Urami, who nearly kills Tanjiro. The demon uses a sonic shriek to incapacite both Genya and Tanjiro but Tanjiro's demonic younger sister Nezuko arrives and splashes her blood on Urami, setting him ablaze. They fall down a cliff where Muichiro, Kozo, Kotetsu and Hotaru Haganezuka arrive to support them. With his last strength, Muichiro provides Tanjiro with Hotaru's unfinished sword just as dawn breaks. Due to Zohakuten using too much of their shared power against Mitsuri, Urami spots three swordsmiths hidden in
7296-493: The next. Japanese families with samurai roots sometimes have their family crest (mon) crafted onto a tsuba . Tsuba can be found in a variety of metals and alloys, including iron, steel, brass, copper and shakudō . In a duel, two participants may lock their katana together at the point of the tsuba and push, trying to gain a better position from which to strike the other down. This is known as tsubazeriai ( 鍔迫り合い , lit. pushing tsuba against each other) . Tsubazeriai
7392-488: The only one not to participate, going off to train on his own. The film was theatrically released in Japan on February 2, 2024. It was also theatrically released on February 22, 2024 in Brazil and various European countries. In the United States, Canada and India, it was theatrically released on February 23, 2024. As of April 26, 2024, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – To the Hashira Training has grossed $ 17.7 million in
7488-425: The only strict rule of word order is that the verb must be placed at the end of a sentence (possibly followed by sentence-end particles). This is because Japanese sentence elements are marked with particles that identify their grammatical functions. The basic sentence structure is topic–comment . For example, Kochira wa Tanaka-san desu ( こちらは田中さんです ). kochira ("this") is the topic of the sentence, indicated by
7584-470: The out-group gives a benefit to the in-group, and "up" to indicate the in-group gives a benefit to the out-group. Here, the in-group includes the speaker and the out-group does not, and their boundary depends on context. For example, oshiete moratta ( 教えてもらった ) (literally, "explaining got" with a benefit from the out-group to the in-group) means "[he/she/they] explained [it] to [me/us]". Similarly, oshiete ageta ( 教えてあげた ) (literally, "explaining gave" with
7680-415: The particle wa . The verb desu is a copula , commonly translated as "to be" or "it is" (though there are other verbs that can be translated as "to be"), though technically it holds no meaning and is used to give a sentence 'politeness'. As a phrase, Tanaka-san desu is the comment. This sentence literally translates to "As for this person, (it) is Mx Tanaka." Thus Japanese, like many other Asian languages,
7776-477: The proposed larger Altaic family, or to various Southeast Asian languages , especially Austronesian . None of these proposals have gained wide acceptance (and the Altaic family itself is now considered controversial). As it stands, only the link to Ryukyuan has wide support. Other theories view the Japanese language as an early creole language formed through inputs from at least two distinct language groups, or as
7872-403: The sageo are tying the sword to the samurai and hojojutsu . The samurai felt the sageo formed a spiritual bond between them and the sword, and they were very particular about tying it correctly when the sword was not in use. The kurikata (栗形) is a knob that is attached to the scabbard of a Japanese sword. The sageo (cord) that secures the saya of the sword to the obi (belt) goes through
7968-459: The same structure as affirmative sentences, but with intonation rising at the end. In the formal register, the question particle -ka is added. For example, ii desu ( いいです ) "It is OK" becomes ii desu-ka ( いいですか。 ) "Is it OK?". In a more informal tone sometimes the particle -no ( の ) is added instead to show a personal interest of the speaker: Dōshite konai-no? "Why aren't (you) coming?". Some simple queries are formed simply by mentioning
8064-439: The speaker, the listener, and persons mentioned. The Japanese writing system combines Chinese characters , known as kanji ( 漢字 , ' Han characters') , with two unique syllabaries (or moraic scripts) derived by the Japanese from the more complex Chinese characters: hiragana ( ひらがな or 平仮名 , 'simple characters') and katakana ( カタカナ or 片仮名 , 'partial characters'). Latin script ( rōmaji ローマ字 )
8160-797: The state as at the time the constitution was written, many of the elders participating in the process had been educated in Japanese during the South Seas Mandate over the island shown by the 1958 census of the Trust Territory of the Pacific that found that 89% of Palauans born between 1914 and 1933 could speak and read Japanese, but as of the 2005 Palau census there were no residents of Angaur that spoke Japanese at home. Japanese dialects typically differ in terms of pitch accent , inflectional morphology , vocabulary , and particle usage. Some even differ in vowel and consonant inventories, although this
8256-476: The street. (grammatically incorrect insertion of a pronoun) But one can grammatically say essentially the same thing in Japanese: 驚いた彼は道を走っていった。 Transliteration: Odoroita kare wa michi o hashitte itta. (grammatically correct) This is partly because these words evolved from regular nouns, such as kimi "you" ( 君 "lord"), anata "you" ( あなた "that side, yonder"), and boku "I" ( 僕 "servant"). This
8352-411: The sword easily this way. During the Edo period, many formalized rules were put into place: in times of war the hilt should be presented to the right allowing the sword to be readily unsheathed. Koshirae were meant not only for functional but also for aesthetic purposes, often using a family mon ( crest ) for identification. The tachi (太刀) style koshirae is the primary style of mounting used for
8448-593: The topic with an interrogative intonation to call for the hearer's attention: Kore wa? "(What about) this?"; O-namae wa? ( お名前は? ) "(What's your) name?". Negatives are formed by inflecting the verb. For example, Pan o taberu ( パンを食べる。 ) "I will eat bread" or "I eat bread" becomes Pan o tabenai ( パンを食べない。 ) "I will not eat bread" or "I do not eat bread". Plain negative forms are i -adjectives (see below) and inflect as such, e.g. Pan o tabenakatta ( パンを食べなかった。 ) "I did not eat bread". Japanese sword mountings A shirasaya ( 白鞘 ) , "white scabbard",
8544-419: The two consonants are the moraic nasal followed by a homorganic consonant. Japanese also includes a pitch accent , which is not represented in moraic writing; for example [haꜜ.ɕi] ("chopsticks") and [ha.ɕiꜜ] ("bridge") are both spelled はし ( hashi ) , and are only differentiated by the tone contour. Japanese word order is classified as subject–object–verb . Unlike many Indo-European languages ,
8640-577: The two methods were both used in writing until the 1940s. Bungo still has some relevance for historians, literary scholars, and lawyers (many Japanese laws that survived World War II are still written in bungo , although there are ongoing efforts to modernize their language). Kōgo is the dominant method of both speaking and writing Japanese today, although bungo grammar and vocabulary are occasionally used in modern Japanese for effect. The 1982 state constitution of Angaur , Palau , names Japanese along with Palauan and English as an official language of
8736-472: The two terms (''hyōjungo'' and ''kyōtsūgo'') are almost the same. Hyōjungo or kyōtsūgo is a conception that forms the counterpart of dialect. This normative language was born after the Meiji Restoration ( 明治維新 , meiji ishin , 1868) from the language spoken in the higher-class areas of Tokyo (see Yamanote ). Hyōjungo is taught in schools and used on television and in official communications. It
8832-407: The verb (e.g. yonde for earlier yomite ), the -k- in the final mora of adjectives drops out ( shiroi for earlier shiroki ); and some forms exist where modern standard Japanese has retained the earlier form (e.g. hayaku > hayau > hayɔɔ , where modern Japanese just has hayaku , though the alternative form is preserved in the standard greeting o-hayō gozaimasu "good morning"; this ending
8928-548: The world. Since Japanese first gained the consideration of linguists in the late 19th century, attempts have been made to show its genealogical relation to languages or language families such as Ainu , Korean , Chinese , Tibeto-Burman , Uralic , Altaic (or Ural-Altaic ), Austroasiatic , Austronesian and Dravidian . At the fringe, some linguists have even suggested a link to Indo-European languages , including Greek , or to Sumerian . Main modern theories try to link Japanese either to northern Asian languages, like Korean or
9024-535: Was based on 12- to 20-second-long recordings of 135 to 244 phonemes , which 42 students listened to and translated word-for-word. The listeners were all Keio University students who grew up in the Kanto region . There are some language islands in mountain villages or isolated islands such as Hachijō-jima island , whose dialects are descended from Eastern Old Japanese . Dialects of the Kansai region are spoken or known by many Japanese, and Osaka dialect in particular
9120-718: Was imported to Japan from Baekje around the start of the fifth century, alongside Buddhism. The earliest texts were written in Classical Chinese , although some of these were likely intended to be read as Japanese using the kanbun method, and show influences of Japanese grammar such as Japanese word order. The earliest text, the Kojiki , dates to the early eighth century, and was written entirely in Chinese characters, which are used to represent, at different times, Chinese, kanbun , and Old Japanese. As in other texts from this period,
9216-465: Was lost immediately following its composition.) This set of morae shrank to 67 in Early Middle Japanese , though some were added through Chinese influence. Man'yōgana also has a symbol for /je/ , which merges with /e/ before the end of the period. Several fossilizations of Old Japanese grammatical elements remain in the modern language – the genitive particle tsu (superseded by modern no )
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