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40-497: Marks was born in Queensland in 1900. Her parents had been born in the UK. Her mother Harriet Ann (born McGregor) was a Scot, and her father George Marks was from Cornwall. She was their first child and her parents returned to England between 1906 and 1910 but they then returned to Charters Towers , which is where she had been born. After local schooling she won a scholarship to study science at

80-475: A cyanide treatment plant and assay office . On Sunday 10 August 1884, the new Charters Towers District Hospital opened. During 1888–89, the Charters Towers Stock Exchange and Royal Arcade were constructed at the northern end of Gill Street for local businessman and civic leader Alexander Malcolm. By 1917, gold mining became uneconomical. During World War I, labour was hard to find, and as

120-469: A creek. Mosman named the place where the gold had been located Charters Towers (Charters Tors) after the gold mining warden W. S. E. M. Charters. After Jupiter's discovery was reported in January 1872, Ravenswood's population blossomed to around 30,000 people. The discovery prompted a gold rush in north of Queensland. Mosman's life was largely simple from that point forward. In 1882, Mosman's left forearm

160-727: A daily news service that originates and aggregates content from and relevant to the Charters Towers community, which is delivered through a Facebook page and free daily newsletter. Because it has a lower than national proportion of households with reliable internet access, the Charters Towers E-Village installed a free public wireless internet service in the main street of the town, in conjunction with local businesses. Since its inception in 2011, it has grown to receive about 1,500 visits each day. The E-village derives its income from related web services, with any profits being returned to

200-436: A location where people can connect with the Charters Towers community. The E-Village is the creation of local resident, Bryan West, following his frustration at not being able to find a suitable date for a kindergarten working bee. It includes a community calendar, member pages for all Charters Towers organisations, a database of services available within and to the community, classifieds, daily weather, and an online shop. It has

240-438: A long dry season from April to October, with cooler nights and lower humidity. The average annual rainfall is 649.9 millimetres (25.59 in), primarily concentrated in the austral summer. Extreme temperatures in Charters Towers have ranged from 44.9 °C (112.8 °F) on 6 January 1994 to 1.1 °C (34.0 °F) on 5 July 1899. Record temperatures were combined from the old Post Office weather station (1893-1992) and

280-532: A mining publication in Canada) was first published in August 1872, just eight months after the discovery of gold. Such was its strength in those gold-mining days of the late 1880s that The Northern Miner installed a then-revolutionary linotype slug-casting machine before Brisbane's The Courier Mail . It was the only newspaper (of five published during the boom gold years) that survives today. In 2000, The Northern Miner

320-618: A pastoralist, but failed to establish a successful career and was left broke. He visited Queensland in 1860, hoping to acquire properties there; this was also unsuccessful. Mosman decided then to try his hand at prospecting . He spent the next ten years mining, and in 1870 he revisited Queensland, choosing to work in Ravenswood . On 24 December 1871, Mosman was travelling with miners George Clark, James Fraser, and his servant, Jupiter Mosman , attempting to locate missing horses. After he found them, Jupiter located some shining gold nestled in

360-410: Is concentrated into veins, and was Australia's richest major field with an average grade of 34 grams per tonne. The grade was almost double that of Victorian mines and almost 75% higher than the grades of Western Australian ( Kalgoorlie ) gold fields of that time. In 1935, Clermont-Charters Towers was an important line for public telephone communications. During World War II , Charters Towers

400-896: Is well known as a boarding school town, with families from western Queensland, the Northern Territory, Western Australia and the Torres Strait Islands sending their children to school in the district, over the larger cities in the area such as Townsville and Cairns . The Alliance of Charters Towers State Schools (ACTSS) represents the five State schools in the area that are funded by the Queensland Government – Charters Towers Central State School (opened in 1875), Millchester State School (opened in 1874), Richmond Hill State School (opened in 1895), Charters Towers School of Distance Education (opened in 1987) and Charters Towers State High School. A number of other state schools within

440-788: The Charters Towers Excelsior Library in Charters Towers at 130 Gill Street. The Charters Towers branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at the Jane Black Memorial Hall at 80 Mossman Street. Jane Black of Pajingo Station was a pioneer of the Charters Towers branch but also one of the founders of the Country Women's Association in Queensland as a whole. The hall was officially opened on Thursday 22 July 1954. The Northern Miner newspaper (not to be confused with The Northern Miner ,

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480-573: The Queensland Turf Club Derby in 1902. In 1899, Mosman purchased a 300-acre farm in Auckland , New Zealand , where he bred race horses. In the final months of his life, he was not in good health. However, on Saturday 13 November 1909, Mosman went to Eagle Farm Racecourse for the Derby race, but was forced to return home after the first race feeling ill. On the following Monday 15 November, he

520-501: The University of Queensland 's newly opened Women's College. The college was founded in 1913 and it admitted its first women residents in 1914 under Freda Bage , the first principal. She was an admirer of the domestic science pioneer Marianne Helena Brydon who had been the first Inspector of Women's Work from 1919 to 1932. In 1943 Marks rejoined the Women's College as a senior tutor. She was

560-459: The 20th century, profitable mining operations have commenced once again. In the 2021 census , the town of Charters Towers had a population of 8,040 people. The urban area of the town of Charters Towers includes its suburbs: Charters Towers City (the centre of the city); Richmond Hill , Toll , and Columbia to the north, Queenton to the east, Grand Secret and Alabama Hill to the west, and Towers Hill , Mosman Park , and Millchester to

600-498: The 760th Chemical Depot Company (Aviation). The depot contained bombs filled with mustard agent, cyanogen chloride and other toxic chemicals. In addition to maintaining the depot, the 760th cooperated with the Australian Chemical Warfare Research Unit to conduct research on bomb design and delivery techniques. Late in 1944, the depot and its contents were moved to Oro Bay, New Guinea. In the 2016 census ,

640-677: The Australian Securities Exchange in 1993. After 89 years, the goldfields were reopened, and gold was produced again from the Warrior Mine 4 km (2.5 mi) southeast of the town in November 2006 by Citigold Corporation Limited. Gold is mined from two deposits, which are accessed by sloping tunnels. The extracted gold ore is trucked about 10 km (6.2 mi) south-west of the city for processing into gold Doré bars . Citigold has announced plans to open three mines directly under

680-626: The Brisbane suburb of Auchenflower in 1989. Her papers are held in her alma mater. Charters Towers Charters Towers is a rural town in the Charters Towers Region , Queensland , Australia. It is 136 km (85 mi) by road south-west from Townsville on the Flinders Highway . During the last quarter of the 19th century, the town boomed as the rich gold deposits under the city were developed. After becoming uneconomical in

720-520: The Charters Towers community. Charters Towers is served by two local commercial radio stations, 4GC and West FM (originally branded as Hot FM ), both owned by Resonate Broadcasting . Both stations rely heavily on networked programming but 4GC, broadcasting on 828 AM, produces a local breakfast program between 6am and 9am each weekday and provides local news bulletins and weather updates. Along with 3GG in Warragul, Victoria , Resonate Broadcasting bought

760-428: The Charters Towers stations from Macquarie Media Group in 2008, with the three stations becoming the company's first investments. The Bull FM88 is the only country music radio station in Charters Towers playing an extensive mix from the 1980s to today. It is a low-powered open narrowcast (LPON) service broadcasting on 88.0 FM, which began in 2018. It is owned and operated by Margflow Media. In 2021, Charters Towers

800-548: The Home Economics Association of Queensland. She wrote and published, Nutrition and Elementary Food Science . The joined the Women's College's council and in the 1970s she was the council's President. The Women's College named their dining hall for Harriet Marks in 1981. She left the council in 1986. In 1987 a painting was made of her by Lola McCausland and the University offers a bursary in her name. Marks died in

840-407: The antics. In 2010, more teams were involved than ever. However, the competition did not reach the magic 200 teams only because of the lack of fields in the region. Many of the fields are concrete pitches on the properties of local families in the region. For mayors of Charters Towers, see City of Charters Towers#Mayors . Hugh Mosman Hugh Mosman (11 February 1843 – 15 November 1909)

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880-478: The assistant to Freda Bage who was still there. In 1951 she became the principal of the Domestic Science High School in Brisbane and in 1953 she left the Women's College to become the first Inspector and Supervisor of domestic science courses in Queensland's secondary schools. In 1959 she went to New Zealand to take a refresher course. She spoke to several people and this resulted in the creation of

920-628: The city and nearby vicinity, which mostly commenced during the mining boom years, have also existed. These included Queenton State School (1890–1933), Mt. Leyshon State School (1890 – circa 1940), King's Gully State School (1911–1932), the Broughton State School (1905–?), Macrossan State School (1884–19??), Rishton State School (1884–1891), Liontown State School (1905 – circa  1921), Black Jack State School (1887–1948), Pumping Station State School (1898–1936), and Sellheim State School (1889–1939). The Charters Towers Regional Council operates

960-521: The city to extract gold at a rate of 250,000 ounces per year. Charters Towers has four secondary schools: Columba Catholic College (opened in 1998); Blackheath and Thornburgh College (opened in 1919); All Souls St Gabriels School (opened in 1920); and Charters Towers State High School (opened in 1912). The nearest university is the James Cook University , in Townsville. Charters Towers

1000-403: The current Airport weather station (1992-2024). The town was founded in the 1870s when gold was discovered by chance at Towers Hill on Christmas Eve 1871 by 12-year-old Aboriginal boy, Jupiter Mosman . Jupiter was with a small group of prospectors including Hugh Mosman , James Fraser, and George Clarke . Their horses bolted after a flash of lightning. While he was searching, Jupiter found both

1040-536: The horses and a nugget of gold in a creek at the base of Towers Hill. Charters originated from the Gold Commissioner, WSEM Charters. Ten major gold reefs were eventually mined. Such were the boom years, between 1872 and 1899, that Charters Towers hosted its own stock exchange . The Great Northern Railway between Charters Towers and the coastal port of Townsville was completed in December 1882. During this period,

1080-538: The largest in the Southern Hemisphere. Players ranging from regional and the country to play. Numbers in recent years have reached just shy of 200 teams. The event is of massive benefit for the town, bringing in business for the entire region, especially the town's pubs and clubs. While the higher grades take it very seriously with awards and prizes given, the lower grades take to a more social view. Games involving drinking penalties and costume wearing are all part of

1120-419: The mines drove deeper, ventilation and water problems arose. This production decline was similar across Australian gold mines, with rising costs and a fixed gold price eroding profitability. The town entered a long period of relative stagnation and little further development has occurred since. The Charters Towers gold field produced over 200 tonnes (6.6 million troy ounces ) of gold from 1871 to 1917. The gold

1160-405: The mining industry, the beef industry, and education, specifically boarding schools catering for remote rural families. More gold has been estimated to exist underground than the total removed in the gold rush . Hundreds of separate mining leases covering an area of 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi) were consolidated by James Lynch in the 1970s and 1980s and the company Citigold listed on

1200-522: The population was 27,500, making Charters Towers Queensland's largest city outside of Brisbane . The city was also affectionately known as "The World", as anything one might desire reportedly could be had in the Towers, leaving no reason to travel elsewhere. The Borough of Charters Towers was proclaimed on 21 June 1877 under the Municipal Institutions Act 1864 with John McDonald being elected

1240-478: The south. Charters Towers township is only mildly elevated at 290 metres or 950 feet above sea-level, but this has a noticeable effect, with lower humidity and wider temperature variations compared to nearby Townsville. Charters Towers obtains its water supply from the nearby Burdekin River . Charters Towers experiences a tropical semi-arid climate ( Koppen : BSh), with a short wet season from November to March and

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1280-407: The town of Charters Towers had a population of 8,120 people. In the 2021 census , the town of Charters Towers had a population of 8,040 people. Charters Towers has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Some of Charters Towers's heritage is spread across the town: According to the 2016 census , 8,120 people were residing in Charters Towers. Charters Towers is a regional centre for

1320-453: The town's first mayor. The local government area would later be known as Town of Charters Towers and City of Charters Towers , before being absorbed into the Charters Towers Region . Charters Towers Post Office opened on 17 May 1872. A 20 head of stamps mill began ore-crushing operations on 16 July 1872. The Venus Battery continued to be used by small mine in the region until 1971. The unique site remains intact today, together with

1360-740: Was a mine owner and politician in Queensland , Australia. He discovered gold in Charters Towers . He was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Council . Mosman was born on 11 February 1843 in Mosman, New South Wales . Merchant Archibald Mosman (1799–1863) was his father, and his mother was Harriet née Farquharson Hugh received his education at The King's School in North Parramatta, New South Wales . Mosman initially aspired to be

1400-596: Was at his residence Easton Gray , Soudan Street, Toowong , Brisbane , when he drank a glass of milk and died. He was buried in Toowong Cemetery on 16 November 1909. He never married but was well-connected through his sisters Harriette (second wife of Queensland Premier Thomas McIlwraith ) and Cecilia (wife of Queensland Premier Arthur Hunter Palmer ). He and left over £ 70,000 to his relatives, much of it to his nephew Cecil Palmer. Mosman's farm in Auckland

1440-509: Was blown off by dynamite, which had exploded earlier than it was supposed to. Mosman remained generally reclusive up until June 1891, when he became a member of the Queensland Legislative Council . He did not give many speeches, and they were noted as being "conservative and unremarkable". He resigned in January 1905. In retirement, Mosman pursued his interest in horse racing, owning a number of horses. His horse Balfour won

1480-547: Was confirmed to have been selected as the location for the ninth season of Australian Survivor , a Survivor: Blood vs Water series scheduled to air on Network 10 in 2022. The Charters Towers Goldfield Ashes has been an amateur cricket carnival conducted over the Australia Day long weekend in January since 1948 by the Charters Towers Cricket Association Incorporated (CTCA), and it is now

1520-591: Was linked for the first time to the North Queensland Newspaper Company and therefore News Limited's electronic layout system and website. The Evening Telegraph was a daily newspaper published between 1901 and 1921. Sumpton's Gold Rush Gazette is a local newspaper which has been printed weekly since April 2021. The publication's founder, Daniel Sumpton, has been referred to as "The man who brought Print Journalism back to Charters Towers." The Charters Towers E-Village launched in 2011 and provides

1560-483: Was sold to investors in December 1910, eventually becoming the modern-day South Auckland suburb of Favona . A street in Charters Towers was named after him. Mosman Park , a suburb in Charters Towers, is named after him. The Mossman River was named by the explorer George Dalrymple on 6 December 1873. Dalrymple wrote "I named this river the Mossman River, after Mossman, an explorer and mining man, member of

1600-589: Was the location of RAAF No.9 Inland Aircraft Fuel Depot (IAFD), completed in 1942 and closed on 29 August 1944. Usually consisting of four tanks, 31 fuel depots were built across Australia for the storage and supply of aircraft fuel for the RAAF and the US Army Air Forces at a total cost of £900,000 ($ 1,800,000). Beginning in June 1943, Charters Towers was also the location for a major USAAF chemical bomb depot operated by

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