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57-521: [REDACTED] Look up Haridwar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Hardwar may refer to: Hardwar, usually spelled Haridwar , a city in the Haridwar district, Uttarakhand state, India. Most importantly, Hardwar may be broken into 'Har', which is representative of the devotion of Lord Shiva's disciples Hardwar district, also spelled Haridwar district ,

114-404: A 310,562 population (2011). Males constitute 54% of the population and females, 46%. Haridwar has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 64%. In Haridwar, 12% of the population is under six years of age. "Haridvāre Kuśāvarte Bilvake Nīla parvate snatvā Kanakhale tīrth punarjanma na vidyate" In Hindu traditions,

171-562: A district in the Uttarakhand state, India Haridwar (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency) Haridwar (Lok Sabha constituency) Hardwar (video game) , a 1998 trading and flight simulator Hardwar Gap , a gap in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hardwar . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

228-605: A gateway to several prominent places of worship. Most significant of the events is the Kumbha Mela , which is celebrated every 12 years in Haridwar. During the Haridwar Kumbh Mela , millions of pilgrims, devotees, and tourists congregate in Haridwar to perform ritualistic bathing on the banks of the Ganges to wash away their sins to attain moksha . According to Puranic legend, Haridwar, along with Ujjain , Nashik , and Prayag ,

285-476: A natural habitat of different species of migratory birds. Not only avid bird watchers, but the spot also welcomes a number of nature lovers and trekkers. Also, the spot of Neel Dhara Pakshi Vihar is visited by trekkers as it is situated close to many trekking routes in Haridwar. Visitors can also see the Shivalik Hills from the bird watching point and enjoy the sight of the snow-covered mountains which makes it to

342-570: A person or a business). Aapravasi Ghat or The Immigration Depot is a building complex located in Port Louis on the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius , the first British colony to receive indentured, or contracted, labour workforce from India. From 1849 to 1923, half a million Indian indentured labourers passed through the Immigration Depot, to be transported to plantations throughout

399-579: A river. The numerous significant ghats along the Ganges are the Varanasi ghats (the city of Varanasi has 88 ghats) and generically the "ghats of the Ganges". Most of these were constructed under the patronage of various Maratha rulers such as Ahilyabai Holkar (Queen of the Malwa Kingdom from 1767 to 1795) in the 18th century. In Madhya Pradesh in central India , there are further significant ghats along

456-408: A series of channels separated from each other called aits, most of which are well wooded. Other minor seasonal streams are Ranipur Rao, Pathri Rao, Ravi Rao, Harnaui Rao, Begham Nadi etc. A large part of the district is forested, and Rajaji National Park is within the bounds of the district, making it an ideal destination for wildlife and adventure lovers. Rajaji is accessible through different gates;

513-429: A set of ancillaries in the region. The University of Roorkee , now IIT Roorkee , is one of the oldest and most prestigious institutes of learning in the fields of science and engineering. The Ganges emerges from the mountains to touch the plains. The water in the river Ganges is mostly clear and generally cold, except in the monsoon, during which soil from the upper regions flows down into it. The river Ganges flows in

570-599: A town as high up as Tehri , was considered a port city The headworks of the Ganges Canal system is located in Haridwar. The Upper Ganges Canal was opened in 1854 after the work began in April 1842, prompted by the famine of 1837–38. The unique feature of the canal is the half-kilometre-long aqueduct over the Solani river at Roorkee , which raises the canal 25 m (82 ft) above the original river. 'Haridwar Union Municipality'

627-573: Is a city and municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of Uttarakhand , India. With a population of 228,832 in 2011, it is the second-largest city in the state and the largest in the district. The city is situated on the right bank of the Ganges river, at the foothills of the Shivalik ranges . Haridwar lies in doab region where people speak khari boli . Haridwar is regarded as a holy place for Hindus , hosting important religious events and serving as

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684-519: Is a modern temple made entirely of glass pieces, which is now a tourist destination. Ghat The origin of the English 'ghat' is Sanskrit : घट्ट , ghaṭṭa and is normally translated as ghaṭ, quay, landing or bathing place, as well as, steps by a river-side. The word 'ghat' has also been derived from Dravidian etymons such as Telugu kaṭṭa and gaṭṭu (dam and embankment) derived from kaṭṭu meaning "to tie". These are bathing wharves on

741-485: Is also a typical place to start a pilgrim's journey in order to reach Mount Kailash , Kedarnath , the northernmost Jyotirlinga and one of the sites of the smaller Char Dham pilgrimage circuit – all important places for worship for Hindus. According to legend, it was in Haridwar that goddess Ganga descended when Shiva released the mighty river from the locks of his hair. The River Ganga , after flowing for 253 kilometres (157 mi) from its source at Gaumukh at

798-491: Is believed that Bharthari came to Haridwar and meditated on the banks of the holy Ganges. When he died, his brother constructed a Ghat in his name, which later came to be known as Har Ki Pauri. The most sacred ghat within Har Ki Pauri is Brahmakund. The evening prayer ( Aarti ) at dusk offered to Goddess Ganga at Har Ki Pauri (steps of God Hara or Shiva) is an enchanting experience for any visitor. A spectacle of sound and colour

855-486: Is dedicated to the achievements of India's revered women, such as Radha , Mira , Savitri , Draupadi , Ahilya , Anusuya , Maitreyi , Gargi etc. The great saints from various religions, including Jainism , Sikhism , and Buddhism are featured on the fourth floor Sant Mandir . The assembly hall with walls depicting symbolic coexistence of all religions practised in India and paintings portraying history in various provinces

912-458: Is engraved from a painting by Samuel Prout In the scriptures, Haridwar has been variously mentioned as Kapilasthana, Gangadvāra and Mayapuri . It is also an entry point to the Char Dham (the four main centres of pilgrimage in Uttarakhand viz , Badrinath , Kedarnath , Gangotri , and Yamunotri ). "O Yudhishthira , the spot where Ganga rusheth past, cleaving the foremost of mountains which

969-628: Is frequented by Gandharvas and Yakshas and Rakshasas and Apsaras , and inhabited by hunters, and Kinnaras , is called Gangadwara (Haridwar). O King, Sanatkumara regardeth that spot visited by Brahmarshis , as also the Tirtha Kanakhala (that is near to it), as sacred." In the Vana Parva of the Mahabharata , where sage Dhaumya tells Yudhishthira about the tirthas of India, Gangadvāra, i.e., Haridwar and Kankhal , have been referred to,

1026-460: Is on the Ganges River near Har-Ki-Pauri Ghat. The barrage was originally built to aid irrigation but it also generates hydro-electric power and controls floods. The area behind the barrage is known as Neel Dhara Pakshi Vihar. The place is popular among bird-loving tourists. The place is known for Siberian Cranes that can be spotted during the winter months at Laljiwala. In addition, the place is also

1083-508: Is one of four sites where drops of amrita , the elixir of immortality, accidentally spilled over from a kumbha (pitcher) while being carried by the celestial bird Garuda during the Samudra Manthana , or the churning of the ocean of milk. Brahma Kund , the spot where the amrita fell, is believed to be located at Har ki Pauri (literally, "footsteps of the Lord") and is considered to be

1140-478: Is seen when, after the ceremony, pilgrims float Diyas (floral floats with lamps) and incense on the river, commemorating their deceased ancestors. Thousands of people from all around the world do make a point to attend this prayer on their visit to Haridwar. A majority of present ghats were largely developed in the 1800s. On the night of Dussehra or a few days before that, the Ganga Canal is dried in Haridwar to clean

1197-515: Is situated at a height of 314 m (1,030 ft) from the sea level, between Shivalik Hills in the North and Northeast and the Ganges River in the South. Temperatures: For centuries when Hindu ancestors visited the holy town of Haridwar for any purpose which may have been for pilgrimage purposes or/and for cremation of their dead or for immersion of ashes and bones of their kin after cremation into

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1254-490: Is situated on the fifth floor. The various forms of the Goddess Shakti can be seen on the sixth floor, whilst the seventh floor is devoted to all incarnations of Vishnu . The eighth floor holds the shrine of Shiva from which devotees can gain a view of Himalayas, Haridwar, and the campus of Sapta Sarovar . The temple was built under the former Shankaracharya Maha-Mandleshwar Swami Satyamitranand Giri Maharaj. Since

1311-541: Is visited by devotees from all over the world, during the annual ' Urs ' festival, which is celebrated from 1st day of sighting the moon to 16th day of Rabi al-awwal month, in the Islamic calendar . At a distance of 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from Haridwar Junction Railway Station, Neel Dhara Pakshi Vihar is a bird-watching point situated at the Bhimgoda Barrage of Haridwar and has rich flora and fauna. The Bhimgoda Barrage

1368-463: The Ganges ", as seven sacred cities of Hindus. It further mentions it is eighteen kos (each approx. 2 km) in length, and large numbers of pilgrims assemble on the 10th of Chaitra. It also mentions that during his travels and also while at home, Mughal Emperor, Akbar drank water from the Ganges river, which he called 'the water of immortality'. Special people were stationed at Sorun and later Haridwar to dispatch water, in sealed jars, to wherever he

1425-472: The Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya , which has a vast campus, and has been providing traditional education of its own kind, since 1902. Development of Haridwar took an upturn in the 1960s, with the setting up of a temple of modern civilisation, BHEL , a ' Maharatna PSU ' in 1975, which brought along not just a its own township of BHEL, Ranipur , close to the existing Ranipur village, but also

1482-529: The Narmada River . People who live on the steps are also called ghats. Ghats such as these are useful for both mundane purposes (such as cleaning) and religious rites (i.e. ritual bathing or ablutions); there are also specific " shmashana " or "cremation" ghats where bodies are cremated waterside, allowing ashes to be washed away by rivers. Notable examples include Nigambodh Ghat and Raj Ghat in Delhi , situated on

1539-483: The United Province , and remained so till the creation of Uttar Pradesh in 1947. Haridwar has been an abode of the weary in body, mind, and spirit. It has also been a centre of attraction for learning various arts, science, and culture. The city has a long-standing position as a great source of Ayurvedic medicines and herbal remedies and is home to the unique Gurukul (school of traditional education), including

1596-535: The 'Neel Parvat' on the eastern bank of the river Ganges. It was constructed in 1929 CE by the king of Kashmir , Suchat Singh. Skanda Purana mentions a legend, in which Chanda-Munda , the Army Chief of a local Demon Kings Shumbha and Nishumbha were killed by goddess Chandi here, after which the place got the name, Chandi Devi. It is believed that the main statue was established by the Adi Shankaracharya in

1653-540: The 'Panch Tirth ' (Five Pilgrimages) within Haridwar, are "Gangadwar" ( Har ki Pauri ), Kushawart (Ghat in Kankhal ), Bilwa Tirtha ( Mansa Devi Temple ) and Neel Parvat ( Chandi Devi Temple ). There are several other temples and ashrams located in and around the city, a list of which can be found below. Also, alcohol and non-vegetarian food is not permitted in Haridwar. This Ghat was constructed by King Vikramaditya (1st century BCE) in memory of his brother Bharthari . It

1710-550: The 8th century CE. The temple is a 3 km (1.9 mi) trek from Chandighat and can also be reached through a ropeway. The temple of Goddess Mansa Devi is situated at the top of the Bilva Parvat, literally means 'Goddess fulfilling desires'. Mansa is a tourist destination, Especially because of the mountain cable cars which offer city views. The main temple houses two idols of the Goddess, one with three mouths and five arms, while

1767-593: The Birla Ghat, near Laltarao Pul is a temple dedicated to Goddess Ganga. This temple was established by Jayandra Saraswati, Shankaracharya of Kanchi Kamakoti, a few decades ago. The temple, built in South-Indian style, has a traditional custom of decorating the goddess with vegetables and dry fruits, giving her the title of Shakumbhari on Ashtami Pooja, the eighth day of Navratri. The ancient temple of Daksha Mahadev also known as Daksheshwar Mahadev Temple has situated in

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1824-638: The Central Asian conqueror Timur Lang (1336–1405) on 13 January 1399. During his visit to Haridwar, first Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak (1469–1539) bathed at 'Kushawart Ghat', wherein the famous, 'watering the crops' episode took place, his visit is today commemorated by a gurudwara (Gurudwara Nanakwara), according to two Sikh Janamsakhis , this visit took place on the Baisakhi day in 1504 CE, he later also visited Kankhal en route to Kotdwara in Garhwal . Pandas of

1881-545: The Ganges touches it at all times. Haridwar came under the rule of the Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE), and later under the Kushan Empire (c. 1st–3rd centuries). Archaeological findings have proved that terra cotta culture dating between 1700 BCE and 1200 BCE existed in this region. First modern era written evidence of Haridwar is found in the accounts of a Chinese traveller, Huan Tsang , who visited India in 629 CE. during

1938-614: The Haridwar have been known to keep genealogy records of most of the Hindu population. Known as Vahis , these records are updated on each visit to the city, and are a repository of vast family trees of the family in North India. In the 16th century, the city came under the rule of the Mughals . Ain-e-Akbari , written by Abul Fazal in the 16th century during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar , refers to it as Maya (Mayapur), known as Hardwar on

1995-561: The Ramgarh Gate and Mohand Gate are within 25 km (16 mi) of Dehradun, while the Motichur, Ranipur and Chilla Gates are just about 9 km (5.6 mi) from Haridwar. Kunaon Gate is 6 km (3.7 mi) from Rishikesh , and Laldhang gate is 25 km (16 mi) from Kotdwara . Haridwar district, covering an area of about 2,360 km (910 sq mi), is in the southwestern part of Uttarakhand state of India. Haridwar

2052-658: The Yamuna River. Raj Ghat, in particular, was the cremation site for Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and numerous political leaders after him, and the Manikarnika Ghat at Varanasi on the Ganges . "Ghat" and "Ghata" is also a suffix used in several place names across the subcontinent . This is an incomplete list: The word is also used in some places outside the Indian subcontinent. For example, in George Town, Penang , Malaysia ,

2109-479: The banks of the river Ganges. It is situated adjacent to the Samanvaya Ashram , and stands eight stories tall to a height of 180 feet (55 m). Each floor depicts an era in the Indian history, from the days of Ramayana until India's independence. On the first floor is the statue of Bharat Mata . The second floor, Shur Mandir , is dedicated to the well-renowned heroes of India. The third floor Matri Mandir

2166-457: The capital of Shiva. Being one of the oldest living cities, Haridwar finds its mention in the ancient Hindu scriptures as it weaves through the life and time stretching from the period of the Buddha , to the more recent British advent. Haridwar has a rich and ancient religious and cultural heritage. It still has many old havelis and mansions bearing exquisite murals and intricate stonework. One of

2223-514: The close by township of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), as well as its affiliated ancillaries. Haridwar presents a kaleidoscope of Indian culture and development. In sacred writings, it has been differently specified as Kapilsthan, Gangadwar and Mayapuri. It is additionally a passage for the Chota Char Dham (the four principal pilgrim destinations in Uttarakhand). The modern name of

2280-513: The edge of the Gangotri Glacier , enters the Gangetic Plain for the first time at Haridwar, which gave the city its ancient name, Gangadwára. In the annotations to her poetical illustration Hurdwar, a Place of Hindoo Pilgrimage , Letitia Elizabeth Landon provides information on this name derivation, and also the story of the supposed origin of the 'River Ganges' . The accompanying plate

2337-758: The inception of the Swami Satyamitranand foundation in 1998, several other branches have been opened, namely in Renukut, Jabalpur, Jodhpur, Indore, and Ahmedabad. It is presently under The Junapeethadheesh, Acharya Shree Mahamandaleshwar Swami Avdheshanand Giri Ji Maharaj. Piran Kaliyar Sharif , built by Ibrahim Lodhi , a ruler of Delhi, this 'Dargah' of Hazrat Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari , a 13th-century, Sufi Saint of Chishti Order (also known as Sarkar Sabir Pak ), in Kaliyar village, 7 km (4.3 mi). from Roorkee ,

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2394-409: The king was brought to life and given a goat's head by Shiva . Daksha Mahadev temple is a tribute to this legend. Sati Kund, another historical heritage is situated in the Kankhal . Legend has it that Sati immolated herself in this kund . Bharat Mata Mandir is a multi-storey temple dedicated to Bharat Mata (Mother India). Bharat Mata Mandir was inaugurated on 15 May 1983 by Indira Gandhi on

2451-560: The label "Ghaut" is used to identify the extensions of those streets which formerly ended in ghats before the reclamation of the quayside (e.g., Church St Ghaut, in Malay Gat Lebuh Gereja , is the name of the extension of Church St beyond where the street used to descend to the water via a ghat). Both in Penang and Singapore , there are areas named Dhoby Ghaut ( dhobi meaning "launderer" or "laundry", depending on whether it refers to

2508-473: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hardwar&oldid=1190327746 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Haridwar Haridwar ( / ˌ h ʌr ɪ ˈ d w ɑːr / ; Hindi: [ɦəɾɪd̪waːɾ] ; formerly Mayapuri )

2565-613: The most sacred ghat of Haridwar. It is also the primary centre of the Kanwar pilgrimage , in which millions of participants gather sacred water from the Ganges and carry it across hundreds of miles to dispense as offerings in Shiva shrines. Today, the city is developing beyond its religious importance with the fast-developing industrial estate of the State Industrial Development Corporation of Uttarakhand (SIDCUL), and

2622-664: The other one has eight arms. Haridwar was previously known as Mayapuri which is because of the Goddess Maya Devi. Dating to the 11th century CE, this ancient temple of Maya Devi, the Adhishthatri Devi (Patron Goddess) of Haridwar, is considered one of the Siddhapithas and is said to be the place where the heart and navel of Goddess Sati had fallen. It is one of few ancient temples still standing in Haridwar, along with Narayani Shila temple and Bhairav Temple. Located close to

2679-509: The reign of King Harshavardhana (590–647) records Haridwar as 'Mo-yu-lo', the remains of which still exist at Mayapur, a little to the south of the modern town. Among the ruins are a fort and three temples, decorated with broken stone sculptures, he also mentions the presence of a temple, north of Mo-yu-lo called 'Gangadvara', Gateway of the Ganges. Haridwar came under the rule of the Delhi Sultanate in 1206. The city also fell to

2736-517: The river Ganges down from heaven, through years of penance in Satya Yuga , for the salvation of 60,000 of his ancestors from the curse of the Sage Kapila . This is a tradition continued by thousands of devout Hindus, who bring the ashes of their departed family members, in hope of their salvation. Vishnu is said to have left his footprint on the stone that is set in the upper wall of Har Ki Pauri, where

2793-447: The riverbed. The water is restored on Diwali. It is believed that on Dussera Maa Ganga goes to her father's house and returns after Bhai Duj or Bhai Phota. It is for this reason that the waters in the Ganga canal in Haridwar are partially dried on the night of Dussehra and the waters are restored on the day of Bhai Duj or Bhai Phota. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Chandi , who sits atop

2850-416: The south Kankhal town. According to Hindu texts, King Daksha Prajapati , father of Dakshayani , Shiva's first wife, performed a yagña, to which he deliberately did not invite Shiva. When she arrived uninvited, he was further insulted by the king, seeing which Sati felt infuriated and self-immolated herself in the yagna kund . King Daksha was later killed by Virabhadra , born out of Shiva's anger. Later

2907-478: The text also mentions that Sage Agastya did penance (an act showing sorrow or regret for sin) here, with the help of his wife, Lopamudra (the princess of Vidharba ). Sage Kapila is said to have an ashram here giving it, its ancient name, Kapila or Kapilasthana. The legendary king, Bhagiratha , the great-grandson of the Suryavamsha King Sagara (an ancestor of Rama ), is said to have brought

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2964-406: The top list of tourist attractions in Haridwar. Dudhadhari Barfani Temple, part of the ashram of Dudhadhari Barfani Baba, was constructed from shining white marble and honours Rama - Sita and Hanumana. Sureshvari Devi Temple , a temple dedicated to the goddess Sureshwari, is situated in the middle of Rajaji National Park, and thus is only accessible with permission from forest rangers. Pawan Dham

3021-517: The town has two spellings: Haridwar and Hardwar . Each of these names has its own connotation. In Sanskrit , the liturgical language of Hinduism, Hari means " Vishnu ", while dvāra means "gateway". So, Haridwar translates to "The Gateway to Vishnu". It earns this name because it is typically the place where pilgrim's start their journey to visit a prominent temple of Vishnu – Badrinath . Similarly, Hara could also mean " Shiva ". Hence, Hardwar could stand for "Gateway to Shiva". Hardwar

3078-594: The two major dams on the river Ganges, the Bhimgoda, is situated here. Built-in the 1840s, it diverts the waters of the Ganges to the Upper Ganges Canal, which irrigated the surrounding lands. Though this caused severe deterioration to the Ganges water flow, and is a major cause for the decay of the Ganges as an inland waterway, which till the 18th century was used heavily by the ships of the East India Company , and

3135-460: The waters of the holy Ganges as required by Hindu religious custom, it has been a custom to go to the Pandit who is in charge of one's family register and update the family's family tree with details of marriages, births, and deaths from ones extended joint family. As of 2011 India census, Haridwar district has population of 1,890,422 (2011). In 2001, the population was 1,447,187. Haridwar city has

3192-573: Was constituted in 1868, which included the then villages of Mayapur and Kankhal . Haridwar was first connected with railways, via Laksar , through branch line in 1886, when the Awadh and Rohilakhand Railway line was extended through Roorkee to Saharanpur , this was later extended to Dehradun in 1900. In 1901, it had a population of 25,597 and was a part of the Roorkee tehsil , in Saharanpur district of

3249-508: Was stationed During the Mughal period, there was mint for Akbar's copper coinage at Haridwar. It is said that Raja Man Singh of Amber , laid that foundation of the present-day city of Haridwar and also renovated the ghats at Har Ki Pauri. After his death, his ashes are also said to have been immersed at Brahma Kund. Thomas Coryat , an English traveller, who visited the city in the reign of Emperor Jahangir (1596–1627) mentions it as 'Haridwara',

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