Johann Friedrich von Brandt (25 May 1802 – 15 July 1879) was a German-Russian naturalist , who worked mostly in Russia.
9-432: Hapalogastrinae Brandt , 1850 Lithodinae Samouelle, 1819 King crabs are decapod crustaceans of the family Lithodidae that are chiefly found in deep waters and are adapted to cold environments. They are composed of two subfamilies: Lithodinae , which tend to inhabit deep waters, are globally distributed, and comprise the majority of the family's species diversity; and Hapalogastrinae , which are endemic to
18-426: Is widespread consensus in the scientific community that king crabs are derived from hermit crabs and closely related to pagurid hermit crabs ; therefore, a separate superfamily in the classification poorly reflected the phylogenetic relationship of this taxon. In 2023, king crabs were folded back into Paguroidea, with Lithodoidea being considered superseded. The king crab's relationship to other hermit crabs as well as
27-459: The Middle Miocene in shallow North Pacific waters, where most king crab genera – including all Hapalogastrinae – are distributed and where they exhibit a high amount of morphological diversity . In 2007, the king crabs were moved from their classification among the hermit crabs in the superfamily Paguroidea into a separate superfamily, Lithodoidea. This was not without controversy, as there
36-461: The North Pacific and inhabit exclusively shallow waters. King crabs superficially resemble true crabs but are generally understood to be closest to the pagurid hermit crabs . This placement of king crabs among the hermit crabs is supported by several anatomical peculiarities which are present only in king crabs and hermit crabs. Although some doubt still exists about this hypothesis, king crabs are
45-629: The Pacific Coast of North America, including Brandt's cormorant , red-legged kittiwake and spectacled eider . As a paleontologist, Brandt ranks among the best. He was also an entomologist , specialising in Coleoptera (beetles) and Diplopoda (millipedes). He died in Merreküll , Governorate of Estonia . He is also commemorated in Brandt's bat , Brandt's hedgehog , three other species of mammals , and
54-1840: The family's internal phylogeny can be seen in the following two cladograms : Brachyura ("true" crabs) [REDACTED] Porcellanidae (porcelain crabs) [REDACTED] Munididae (squat lobsters) [REDACTED] Parapaguridae (deep water sea anemone hermit crabs) [REDACTED] Eumunididae (squat lobster-like) [REDACTED] Hippidae (mole crabs or sand crabs) [REDACTED] Lithodidae (king crabs) [REDACTED] Paguridae (hermit crabs) [REDACTED] Diogenidae (left-handed hermit crabs) [REDACTED] Coenobitidae (terrestrial hermit crabs) [REDACTED] Paralithodes brevipes [REDACTED] Glyptolithodes cristatipes [REDACTED] Paralomis zealandica [REDACTED] Paralomis granulosa [REDACTED] Paralomis dofleini Paralomis pacifica Paralomis birsteini Paralomis cristata [REDACTED] Paralomis formosa [REDACTED] Paralomis multispina Paralomis hirtella Paralomis spinosissima [REDACTED] Paralomis erinacea Paralomis africana Paralomis cristulata Paralomis anamerae [REDACTED] Paralomis aculeata [REDACTED] Paralomis elongata Echidnocerus cibarius [REDACTED] Echidnocerus foraminatus [REDACTED] Neolithodes diomedeae [REDACTED] Neolithodes brodiei [REDACTED] Neolithodes grimaldii [REDACTED] Neolithodes duhameli Neolithodes asperrimus Lithodes nintokuae Lithodes turkayi Lithodes longispina Lithodes murrayi [REDACTED] Lithodes aequispinus [REDACTED] Lithodes couesi [REDACTED] Lithodes turritus [REDACTED] Lithodes paulayi Johann Friedrich von Brandt Brandt
63-527: The lizard Iranolacerta brandtii . In addition, Johann Friedrich von Brandt concerned the continuation of the work Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse of Friedrich Gottlob Hayne . Paralomis birsteini Paralomis birsteini is a species of king crab . It has been found in the Southern Ocean near Scott Island at depths of 500–1,876 m (1,640–6,155 ft). This Anomura article
72-482: The most widely quoted example of carcinisation among decapods . Several species of king crabs, especially in Alaskan and southern South American waters, are targeted by commercial fisheries and have been subject to overfishing . The phylogeny of king crabs as hermit crabs who underwent secondary calcification and left their shell has been suspected since the late 1800s. They are believed to have originated during
81-808: Was born in Jüterbog and educated at a gymnasium in Wittenberg and the University of Berlin . In 1831 he emigrated to Russia, and soon was appointed director of the Zoological Museum of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences . Brandt encouraged the collection of native animals, many of which were not represented in the museum. Many specimens began to arrive from the expeditions of Severtzov , Przhevalsky , Middendorff , Schrenck and Gustav Radde . He described several birds collected by Russian explorers off
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