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28-416: Lutra brunnea Pohle, 1920 Lutra lovii Günther , 1877 The hairy-nosed otter ( Lutra sumatrana ) is a semiaquatic mammal native to Southeast Asia and one of the rarest and least known otter species. It is threatened by loss of natural resources and poaching . The hairy-nosed otter has a short brown fur that becomes paler on the belly. It has a distinguished rhinarium which

56-522: A future captive breeding program. This is currently the only known hairy-nosed otter in captivity. Albert G%C3%BCnther Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS , also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3   October 1830 – 1   February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist , ichthyologist , and herpetologist . Günther is ranked the second-most productive reptile taxonomist (after George Albert Boulenger ) with more than 340 reptile species described. Günther

84-404: A son Frederic Albert Günther (1883–1953), a merchant; and a daughter Theodora Alberta Günther (1889–1908) who died aged nineteen. Albert Günther is commemorated in the scientific names of many species of reptiles. As well as fish: Gestation The time interval of a gestation is called the gestation period . In obstetrics , gestational age refers to the time since the onset of

112-401: A third buffer zone. In Cambodia , it was recorded in lowland flooded forest around Tonle Sap Lake. In Vietnam , it was sighted and recorded by camera traps in U Minh Thuong National Park in 2000, where also spraints were found with fish scales and remains of crabs. In 2008, it was also recorded in U Minh Ha National Park . In Sumatra , a hairy-nosed otter was killed on a road next to

140-467: Is a gradual physiological increase in senescence in the maternal decidua (the specialized layer of endometrium that forms the base of the placental bed) and in placental cells. This increase in senescence is associated with a gradual physiological increase in DNA damage during gestation. A positive correlation between the gestation period and maximum lifespan was observed across 740 mammalian species. It

168-401: Is called placental viviparity ; mammals are the best example, but it has also evolved independently in other animals, such as in scorpions , some sharks , and in velvet worms . Viviparous offspring live independently and require an external food supply from birth. Certain lizards also employ this method such as the genera Tiliqua and Corucia . The placenta is attached directly to

196-602: Is flatter than that of smooth-coated otter , and it has smaller teeth. Its forepaws are 5.8 cm (2.3 in) wide and smaller than the hind paws with about 6.6 cm (2.6 in). This hairy-nosed otter occurs in Southeast Asia from southern Thailand, Cambodia, southern Vietnam and Peninsular Malaysia to Sumatra and Borneo . It is locally extinct in India, Singapore and Myanmar , and possibly also in Brunei . In Thailand , it

224-443: Is fully covered with short dark hair "from the upper edge of the nostrils". Its upper lip and chin are whitish. Some individuals are reddish-chestnut in colour. Its body is long, its tail slender, and its fully webbed paws have prominent claws. Head-to-body length ranges from 57.5 to 82.6 cm (22.6 to 32.5 in), tail length from 35 to 50.9 cm (13.8 to 20.0 in), and weight from 5 to 8 kg (11 to 18 lb). Its skull

252-500: Is important for the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy and surveillance of related complications. In high-income countries, prenatal care typically involves monthly visits during the first two trimesters, with an increasing number of visits closer to delivery. At these visits, healthcare providers will evaluate a variety of parental and fetal metrics, including fetal growth and heart rate, birth defects , maternal blood pressure, among others. After birth, health care providers will measure

280-476: Is threatened by the loss of natural resources and poaching . The hairy-nosed otter is the rarest otter in Asia, most likely verging on extinction in the northern parts of its range and of uncertain status elsewhere. Only a few viable populations remain, widely scattered in region. The species is threatened by loss of lowland wetland habitats, hunting for fur and meat, and accidental killing during fishing. In June 2008,

308-544: Is tidal. The two reserves in Vietnam are both peat swamp forests , surrounded by 15 m high Melaleuca cajuputi, covered in dense lianas such as Stenochlaena palustris in its primary zone, and a second zone of meadows made up of Eleocharis dulcis . These two Vietnamese reserves contain many canals and floating aquatic plants like Eichhornia crassipes , Pistia stratiotes , Salvinia cucullata and Ipomoea aquatica to hunt and play in, with surrounding rice paddies as

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336-718: The Musi River in 2005. In Sabah , historic records date to the late 19th century. In 2010, one individual was recorded for the first time by a camera trap in Deramakot Forest Reserve incidentally. In 2016, several individuals were sighted in Tabin Wildlife Reserve . The hairy-nosed otter occurs in coastal areas and on larger inland rivers, solitary or in groups of up to four. Its diet includes fish, such as broadhead catfish , snakeheads , and climbing perch , and water snakes , mollusks , and crustaceans . During

364-722: The Wildlife Alliance -led Wildlife Rapid Rescue Team received a donated hairy-nosed otter caught near Tonle Sap. Working with Conservation International , they established a safe home for the rescued otter at the Phnom Tamao Wildlife Rescue Centre , but the otter, which had been frequently sick throughout its life in captivity, died of unknown causes in February 2010. Phnom Tamao Wildlife Rescue Centre rescued another hairy-nosed otter in July 2010, and hope it will become part of

392-400: The 13th week, the second trimester is 14th–28/29th week, and the third trimester is 29/30th–42nd week. Birth normally occurs at a gestational age of about 40 weeks, though it is common for births to occur from 37 to 42 weeks. Labor occurring prior to 37 weeks gestation is considered preterm labor and can result from multiple factors, including previous preterm deliveries. Prenatal care

420-598: The baby's weight, vital signs, reflexes, head circumference, muscle tone, and posture to help determine the gestational age. Various factors can influence the duration of gestation, including diseases in pregnancy and adequate prenatal care. The rates of morbidity and pre-existing diseases that predispose mothers to life-threatening, pregnancy-related complications in the United States are increasing. Inaccessibility of prenatal care may partially explain this ongoing disparity. During gestation in placental mammals there

448-507: The dry season, individuals forage in drainage canals and ponds. Pairing of a male and a female may be limited to the breeding period. The contact call between otters is a single-syllabic chirp. Adult females call to pups with a staccato chatter. Populations in Cambodia breed between November and March. The gestation period lasts around two months. A family of both parents and cubs were sighted between December and February. The hairy-nosed otter

476-410: The last menses , which on average is fertilization age plus two weeks. In mammals, pregnancy begins when a zygote (fertilized ovum) implants in the female's uterus and ends once the fetus leaves the uterus during labor or an abortion (whether induced or spontaneous). In humans, pregnancy can be defined clinically, biochemically or biologically. Clinically, pregnancy starts from first day of

504-420: The mother in these lizards which is called viviparous matrotrophy. Ovoviviparous animals develop within eggs that remain within the mother's body up until they hatch or are about to hatch. It is similar to viviparity in that the embryo develops within the mother's body. Unlike the embryos of viviparous species, ovoviviparous embryos are nourished by the egg yolk rather than by the mother's body. However,

532-416: The mother's body does provide gas exchange . The young of ovoviviparous amphibians are sometimes born as larvae , and undergo metamorphosis outside the body of the mother. The fish family Syngnathidae has the unique characteristic whereby females lay their eggs in a brood pouch on the male's chest, and the male incubates the eggs. Fertilization may take place in the pouch or before implantation in

560-406: The mother's last period. Biochemically, pregnancy starts when a woman's human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels rise above 25 mIU/mL. Biologically, pregnancy starts at implantation of the fertilized egg. Human pregnancy can be divided into three trimesters, each approximately three months long: the first, second, and third trimester. The first trimester is from the last menstrual period through

588-596: The tuatara is now recognised as the only living member of a once diverse lineage that shared a common ancestor with Squamata (lizards and snakes) over 240 million years ago. Günther was elected fellow of the Royal Society in 1867 and served as vice-president 1875–6. He served on the council of the Zoological Society for nearly 40 years (1868–1905). He was elected a fellow of the Linnaean Society in 1877 and

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616-535: Was " Ueber den Puppenzustand eines Distoma ". He graduated in medicine with an M.D. from Tübingen in 1858, the same year in which he published a handbook of zoology for students of medicine. His mother moved to England, and when he visited the country in 1855, he met John Edward Gray and Professor Richard Owen at the British Museum. This led to an offer to work at the British Museum in 1857, where his first task

644-761: Was born in Esslingen in Swabia ( Württemberg ). His father was a Stiftungs-Commissar in Esslingen and his mother was Eleonora Nagel. He initially schooled at the Stuttgart Gymnasium. His family wished him to train for the ministry of the Lutheran Church for which he moved to the University of Tübingen. A brother shifted from theology to medicine, and he, too, turned to science and medicine at Tübingen in 1852. His first work

672-449: Was one of the editors for the Annals and Magazine of Natural History for more than thirty years. His landmark paper on tuatara anatomy was the first to establish that the tuatara reptile was not a lizard, but in fact the only living member of an entirely new group of reptiles, which he named Rhynchocephalia . Fossil and genetic evidence have subsequently confirmed Günther's assertion, and

700-463: Was postulated that the rates of DNA damage and senescence may impact the gestation period as well as lifespan. In viviparous animals , the embryo develops inside the body of the mother, as opposed to outside in an egg ( oviparity ). The mother then gives live birth. The less developed form of viviparity is called ovoviviparity , in which the mother carries embryos inside eggs. Most vipers exhibit ovoviviparity. The more developed form of viviparity

728-545: Was president 1896–1900. He became a naturalised British citizen in 1874. Günther died at Kew Gardens on 1 February 1914. Günther was the son of Friedrich Gotthilf Günther (1800–1835) and Eleonora/Eleonore Louise née Nagel (1806–1899). He married, firstly, in 1868, Roberta Mitchell née McIntosh (1842–1869), sister of William M'Intosh . They had one son, the historian Robert William Theodore Günther (1869–1940). Roberta died shortly after his birth. In 1879 he married again, to Theodora Dowrish née Drake (1863–1944). They had

756-587: Was recorded in the Pru Toa Daeng peat swamp forest and in areas around the Bang Nara river. It mainly habits lowland flooded forests with climaxing vegetation in three levels: a primary forest zone, a secondary forest zone made up of Melaleuca cajuputi , and a third zone of grasslands. These tiers make the habitat hard to penetrate, providing protection from human disturbance and cover from predators. The Bang Nara river habitat, where communities have been discovered,

784-577: Was to classify 2000 snake specimens. After the death of John Edward Gray in 1875, Günther was appointed Keeper of Zoology at the Natural History Museum , a position he held until 1895. The major work of his life was the eight-volume Catalogue of Fishes (1859–1870, Ray Society ). He also worked on the reptiles and amphibians in the museum collection . In 1864, he founded the Record of Zoological Literature and served as editor for six years. He

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