Hà Nam is a province of northern Vietnam , in the Red River Delta .
14-562: Its name Hà-nam ( 河 南 ) means "the south of the river ", but it was only grafted from Hà-nội and Nam-định by the French administrative managers about the early of XX century . The territory of this province is not located in the South of any river in fact. Hà Nam, and Vietnam as a whole, implemented the second five-year plan between 1975 and 1980. This plan included protecting the country's national border and gradually overcoming difficulties within
28-653: A lucrative trade route to China. The late 19th-century French explorers were able to travel up the Red River until Manhao in South Yunnan , and then overland toward Kunming . The Red River remained the main commercial travel route between the French Indochina and Yunnan until the opening of the Kunming–Haiphong Railway in 1910. Although French steamers would be able to go as far upstream as Lao Cai during
42-476: A portion of the international border between China and Vietnam. The river, known as Thao River for this upper stretch, continues its southeasterly course through northwestern Vietnam before emerging from the mountains to reach the midlands. Its main tributaries, the Black River (Da River) and Lô River join in to form the very broad Hồng near the city of Việt Trì , Phú Thọ province . Downstream from Việt Trì,
56-468: A small boat up the Red River to Manhao (425 miles), and then 12 days overland (194 miles) to Kunming. Manhao was considered the head of navigation for the smallest vessels ( wupan 五版); so Yunnan's products such as tin would be brought to Manhao by pack mules, where they would be loaded to boats to be sent downstream. On the Manhao to Lao Cai section, where the current may be quite fast, especially during
70-774: Is relatively shallow, and carries a lot of reddish silt along its way, appearing red brown in colour. The Red River begins in China 's Yunnan province in the mountains south of Dali . Main headstreams Leqiu River , Xi River and Juli River confluence at Nanjian where they form the Lishe River . The Lishe River meets with another headstream, the Yijie River at Hongtupo , Chuxiong Prefecture . It flows generally southeastward, passing through Yi and Dai ethnic minority areas before leaving China through Yunnan's Honghe Autonomous Prefecture . It enters Vietnam at Lào Cai province and forms
84-740: The Yuan River ( 元江 , Yuán Jiāng ) in Chinese, is a 1,149-kilometer (714 mi)-long river that flows from Yunnan in Southwest China through northern Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin . According to C. Michael Hogan, the associated Red River Fault was instrumental in forming the entire South China Sea at least as early as 37 million years before present. The name red and southern position in China are associated in traditional cardinal directions . The river
98-603: The freshet season, traveling upstream in an wupan was much more difficult than downstream. According to one report, one could descend from Manhao to Lao Cai in just 10 hours, while sailing in the reverse direction could take 10 days, and sometimes as much as one month. Several hydroelectric dams have been constructed on the Red River in Yunnan: Many more dams exist on the Red River's tributaries, both in Yunnan and in Vietnam. One of
112-438: The auspices of UNESCO . It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar identifies wetlands of international importance, especially those providing waterfowl habitat . As of October 2024 , there are 2,521 Ramsar sites around
126-691: The country itself. Between 1981 and 1985, the administration attempted to improve the society and culture of Vietnam. Hà Nam is subdivided into six district-level sub-divisions: They are further subdivided into seven commune-level towns (or townlets), 98 communes, and 11 wards. Red River (Asia) The Red River , also known as the Hong River ( traditional Chinese : 紅河 ; simplified Chinese : 红河 ; pinyin : Hóng Hé ; Vietnamese : Sông Hồng ; Chữ Nôm : 瀧紅) and Sông Cái ( lit. "Main River"; Chữ Nôm : 瀧丐) in Vietnamese, and
140-670: The earliest of them is the Thác Bà Dam in Vietnam, constructed in 1972, which forms the Thác Bà Lake . [REDACTED] Media related to Red River (Asia) at Wikimedia Commons Ramsar site A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention , also known as "The Convention on Wetlands", an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran , under
154-506: The rainy season, during the dry season (November to April) steamship would not go upstream of Yên Bái ; thus, during that part of the year goods were moved by small vessels ( junks ). Thanks to the river, Haiphong was in the early 20th century the sea port most easily accessible from Kunming. Still, the travel time between Haiphong and Kunming was reckoned by the Western authorities at 28 days: it involved 16 days of travel by steamer and then
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#1732863100154168-594: The river and its main distributaries, the Đuống River , Kinh Thầy River , Bạch Đằng River and the Thái Bình river system spread out to form the Red River Delta . The Red River flows past the Vietnamese capital Hanoi before emptying into the Gulf of Tonkin . Its estuary is an important Ramsar site and forms the main part of the Xuân Thủy National Park . The reddish-brown heavily silt-laden water gives
182-402: The river its name. The Red River is notorious for its violent floods with its seasonally wide volume fluctuations. Intense seasonal floods are made worse by erosion, development, and pollution. The delta is a major agricultural area of Vietnam with vast area devoted to rice. The land is protected by an elaborate network of dikes and levees . In the 19th century, the Red River was thought to be
196-528: The world, protecting 257,317,367 hectares (635,845,060 acres), and 172 national governments are participating. The non-profit organisation Wetlands International provides access to the Ramsar database via the Ramsar Sites Information Service. A wetland can be considered internationally important if any of the following nine criteria apply: The Ramsar Classification System for Wetland Type
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