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51-510: The head office is in the Shun Tak Centre in Central . HKR International is traced back to Hong Kong Resort Company Limited (“Hong Kong Resort”) founded in 1973. In 1977, the company acquired the rights to Discovery Bay development on Lantau Island in an opaque and much criticized deal. HKRI now manages Discovery Bay as a privately owned and operated town of 20,000 people. HKRI is listed on

102-455: A financial district . Geographically, it often coincides with the " city centre " or " downtown ". However, these concepts are not necessarily synonymous: many cities have a central business district located away from its traditional city center, and there may be multiple CBDs within a single urban area. The CBD will often be highly accessible and have a large variety and concentration of specialised goods and services compared to other parts of

153-733: A developed transportation system (including high-speed ferry and bus services and a privately built vehicle tunnel). HKRI's other projects in Hong Kong include Villa LUCCA in Tai Po ; La Cresta in Kau To, Shatin ; 2GETHER in Wu On Street, Tuen Mun ; Coastal Skyline in Tung Chung; and Discovery Park in Tsuen Wan. Over the years, a total GFA of more than 1.4 million square metres has been developed. HKRI acquired

204-726: A newer Rio de Janeiro suburb located in city's west region. The largest CBD in Colombia is Bogotá 's Centro Internacional , where some of the tallest buildings in South America have been repurposed as national headquarters for Scotiabank Colpatria , Davivienda , and Bancolombia , among others. Over the years, Bogotá has developed minor business districts, which include Avenida Chile , Ciudad Salitre , with companies like Avianca , Rappi , Johnson & Johnson , Terpel , Hilton , Hyatt , Marriott , Sheraton , Ramada , City Express , Aloft and Novotel ; or Complejo Santa Bárbara ,

255-674: A newly built business district near the Potsdamer Platz . The city's historic center (home to the Reichstag building , as well as the Brandenburg Gate and most federal ministries) was largely abandoned when the Berlin Wall cut through the area. Only after the reunification with the redevelopment of Potsdamer Platz , and the construction of numerous shopping centers, government ministries, embassies, office buildings and entertainment venues,

306-625: A project called HKRI Taikoo Hui . With a GFA of approximately 320,000 square metres, HKRI Taikoo Hui is a mixed-use complex comprising a retail centre, two Grade-A office towers, two hotels, one serviced apartment building, a number of event venues and the “ Cha House ”, a revitalized historic building. HKRI Taikoo Hui locates in Jing’an district in Shanghai. Key anchor tenants include the first international Starbucks Reserve Roastery and Tasting Room in Asia and

357-846: A residential building Wellgan Villa in Kowloon Tong in 2019. For commercial properties, HKRI holds CDW Building in Tsuen Wan which includes a commercial building and a shopping centre named 8½. Other commercial properties are: DB Plaza and DBN Plaza in Discovery Bay, as well as West Gate Tower in Cheung Sha Wan , and United Daily News Centre in To Kwa Wan . The development projects of HKRI located in Shanghai , Zhejiang and Tianjin . In Shanghai, HKRI has partnered with Swire Properties to develop

408-469: A total GFA of over 152,000 square metres, and comprises two Grade-A office towers, a service apartment tower, and a retail mall named Heping Joy City – Tianjin. The Sukhothai Residences is located in Bangkok's CBD and provides 196 units. On top of The Sukhothai Residences, HKRI acquired a piece of freehold land on Wireless Road in 2010. In December 2015, it further acquired 10 plots of land at Rama 3 Road by

459-523: A whole. Singapore's CBD is the historic heart of the city-state, which makes it a mix of a tourist attraction and a business center. The CBD includes several multinational corporate headquarters, Singapore Management University , and historical buildings and museums. As of 2016, the Singaporean government intends to redevelop Jurong East into a second CBD in Singapore. The area has also been earmarked as

510-617: Is Government Hill , the site of the old government headquarters. As the Hong Kong SAR Government Headquarters moved to Tamar, Admiralty, the nearby area is also considered part of the CBD. In Quarry Bay , Taikoo Place and areas nearby, including Admiralty , Wan Chai and Causeway Bay , and Tsim Sha Tsui , Kwun Tong , and Kowloon Bay are regarded as major business districts of Hong Kong. India 's capital New Delhi has been known for its CBD at Connaught Place . For

561-607: Is HKRI's third hotel and was open in April 2018. Shun Tak Centre Shun Tak Centre ( Chinese : 信德中心 ; Jyutping : seon3 dak1 zung1 sam1 ) is a commercial and transport complex on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island in Sheung Wan , Hong Kong. It comprises a 4-storey podium containing a shopping centre and car park, two 38-storey office towers, and the Hong Kong–Macau Ferry Terminal . Shun Tak Centre

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612-530: Is also one of the most important business districts of Pakistan. Gulberg, Lahore has a large number of important office buildings as well as many high-rises and shopping malls. Pakistan established its first central business district, Lahore Central Business District, also known as Central Business District Punjab (CBD Punjab) by an ACT of Parliament (LCBDDA Act, 2021) in February 2021. Jinnah Avenue in Islamabad

663-702: Is composed of low- and high-rise apartment units. There are 3 other projects in Jiaxing, namely Mansion One, Creekside One and Starlight One. Other projects include Oasis One and In One in Hangzhou , Zhejiang, and Elite House, located in Changning District , Shanghai. HKRI also acquired a piece of land in Shanghai in November 2021 for a low-density residential project. The Exchange is HKRI's investment property in Tianjin . It has

714-412: Is its major project. At present, there are over 8,000 households with a total population of about 20,000. Covering a site area of 650 hectares (6,500,000 square metres), Discovery Bay has undergone continuous development. Facilities in the community include a golf course, a marina, a manmade beach, two clubhouses, two shopping centres, education options ranging from kindergarten to secondary schools, and

765-540: Is located. The region comprising Avenidas Berrini, Doutor Chucri Zaidan, and Nações Unidas, the city's newest commercial district, has offices of multinational companies and also commercial services. In Rio de Janeiro , Brazil's second-largest city, the main business district still is in downtown, where Petrobrás and Vale headquarters are located, but there is a concentration of business in Botafogo harbor and in Barra da Tijuca ,

816-680: Is one of the four membership clubs in Discovery Bay, and the first new marina to open in Hong Kong in more than a decade. The new marina is open in 2020 and is accredited as a 5 Gold Anchor Marina by the Marina Industries Association. Discovery Bay Ice Rink was opened in May 2021. In Thailand, The Sukhothai Bangkok is located in the heart of city and is a member of the Design Hotels . It has 210 guest rooms and suites, 7 restaurants and 11 function rooms. In Shanghai, The Sukhothai Shanghai

867-660: Is the first of its kind in Indonesia, and one of the largest commercial center developments in the city. Jakarta started developing its business district in the early 1960s before hosting the Asian Games in 1962 . Surabaya in East Java built its first central business district in the Darmo region. The construction was expected to be completed by 2018 with 150 SOHO units and 500 residences. In Italy , business districts do not coincide with

918-622: Is the headquarters of Shun Tak Group , the principal Hong Kong operating company of Dr. Stanley Ho , the Macau casino tycoon. It also has the head office of the China Merchants Group , a state-owned corporation of the People's Republic of China ; and the head office of HKR International ; both head offices are in the China Merchants Tower. The Shun Tak Centre was built on the site of

969-466: Is the main business district of the city. Blue Area is the central business district of Islamabad . D Ground is the central business district of Faisalabad and Saddar is the main central business district of Rawalpindi . In Peru , the central business district is San Isidro , in Lima , which hosts the majority of Peru's financial industry headquarters. Although still a largely residential district,

1020-446: Is widely used officially and colloquially, in the sense of city centre. The two biggest cities, Melbourne and Sydney , have large CBDs. Sydney features growing micro central business districts, which serve as the hub for their respective areas outside the CBD. An example is Parramatta , which is considered the financial hub of Western Sydney . São Paulo is a multipolar city, with several business districts. Avenida Faria Lima and

1071-647: The COEX mall, are major thoroughfares in Seoul. The tallest buildings in Gangnam include Tower Palace One , a residential complex, Trade Tower , Gangnam Finance Center, and Parnas Tower. Seoul's third business district is Yeouido , an island located in central Seoul in the Yeongdeungpo District . Yeouido was developed in the 1970s; since the 1990s, however, it has become Seoul's financial center. Smaller in geographic size that

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1122-608: The Chaophraya River . HKRI acquired another three plots of land located at Ramintra Road, Khannayao District, Bangkok, in February 2018. HKRI holds a plot as land bank with a site area of approximately 60,700 square metres in Niseko , Hokkaido , in the vicinity of Niseko Annupuri ski village . In Hong Kong, Auberge Discovery Bay Hong Kong opened in 2013. The hotel provides 325 guest rooms. Discovery Bay Recreation Club & Club Siena Discovery Bay Golf Club Lantau Yacht Club (LYC)

1173-566: The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong , with a stock code 00480. The company has interests in real estate development and investment, property management , hotels and serviced apartments, healthcare services and other investments in Hong Kong , Mainland China and other parts of Asia . Real estate development and investment is the core business of HKRI across Asia, including Hong Kong, Mainland China, Thailand and Japan. Discovery Bay on Lantau Island

1224-546: The old Macau Ferry Piers and the Sheung Wan Gala Point night market . The first part, completed in 1984, was the easternmost section and No. 1 Tower, now known as China Merchants Tower. Originally No. 1 Tower was partly occupied by the Hotel Victoria, but this was never a success, and No. 1 Tower was later converted to all office use. No. 2 Tower, now called Western Tower, was built on a different orientation, giving

1275-818: The Philippines. In Poland , the terms śródmieście or centrum are often used to describe the central business district. The largest central business district in Russia is the Moscow International Business Center (MIBC) in Moscow , a commercial development located just east of the Third Ring Road at the western edge of the Presnensky District in the Central Administrative Okrug of

1326-560: The central business district. These terms can be literally translated as " inner city " and "city center". Some of the larger cities have more than one central business district. For example, Berlin alone has three. Due to Berlin's history of division during the Cold War , the city contains central business districts both in West ( Kurfürstendamm ) and in East Berlin ( Alexanderplatz ), as well as

1377-501: The city centre (and in some cases, outside the city limits itself). This distinction is quite common in European cities such as Paris , Moscow , Vienna , Prague and Budapest . The New World grew quickly after the emergence of modern transport, therefore a single centre often included many of the region's tallest buildings and served as both a commercial and cultural city centre. In the 21st century, increasing urbanisation has led to

1428-588: The city's CBD. In South Korea , the national capital of Seoul includes three central business districts. The Downtown Seoul , a historic area inside the Fortress Wall of Seoul in the Jongno and Jung districts has historically been the city's political, social and cultural heart, and still houses many corporate headquarters and political institutions in South Korea. It is also the most popular area for tourists and

1479-644: The city's main commercial district. While the district has a high density of high rise buildings, the tallest building, the SK Building, only reaches a height of 160m due to historic preservation regulations. The second main district, located in the southeast part of Seoul, is Gangnam District , an area that was developed in the 1980s and is now among the city's most affluent neighborhoods. The Gangnam District has concentration mainly in economic power of Seoul, as many of prominent company HQs are located on Teheran Avenue . Gangnam Avenue and Yeondong Avenue, which includes

1530-678: The city. Midtown Manhattan is the largest central business district in New York City and in the United States. In Chicago , the Chicago Loop is the second-largest central business district in the United States. It is also referred to as the core of the city's downtown. Mexico City also has its own historic city center , the colonial era "Centro Histórico", along with two CBDs: the mid-late 20th century Paseo de la Reforma in Polanco , and

1581-690: The city. As of 2021, it is still under development. The construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya Embankment of the Moskva River , approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) west of Red Square , overlooked by the Third Ring Road. The project occupies an area of 60 hectares. The second-largest central business district is Yekaterinburg-City in Yekaterinburg , the fourth-largest city in

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1632-515: The commercial and business activity located in or in the vicinity of the area. It has a permanent population of around 63,000 inhabitants and, during weekday business hours, a floating population that exceeds 700,000 daily commuters from other districts in Lima , the national capital. San Isidro is served by three stations of El Metropolitano , Lima's bus rapid transit system: Estación Javier Prado , Estación Canaval y Moreyra (with over 16,000 daily passengers) and Estación Aramburú . In

1683-637: The country. It is located on the Iset River , and is under development as of 2021. The area occupies five hectares. Saudi Arabia has several business districts, including: In Singapore , the CBD is in the Downtown Core , one of the constituent planning areas of the Central Area , the country's city center . Its densest point is centered around Raffles Place , where most of Singapore's skyscrapers are located. The CBD sometimes also describes Central Area as

1734-459: The development of megacities that often have multiple CBDs scattered across the urban area. Downtown sections of cities, especially in North America , often are distinct from CBDs and city centres. No two CBDs have the same spatial shape, but there are certain common geometric patterns, which are largely a result of centralised commercial and industrial activities. In Australia , the term CBD

1785-404: The early 21st century, the southeastern district of Surco experienced a significant increase in upscale corporate developments in the area comprised by avenues Manuel Holguín, El Derby, El Polo, and La Encalada due to lower restrictions to grant construction permit and proximity to residential middle and upper class districts and is set to become, after traditional San Isidro and Miraflores ,

1836-673: The extended area of Gomti Nagar , and Aminabad in old Lucknow. Kolkata also has central business districts, including B.B.D. Bagh , Park Circus , Esplanade , Salt Lake Sector V , and New Town . The largest CBD in Indonesia is the Golden Triangle ( Segitiga Emas in Indonesian ) in Jakarta . Sudirman Central Business District , a super block that is located within the Golden Triangle,

1887-591: The financial capital of the country, the famous CBD is The Bandra Kurla Complex in Mumbai . In Mumbai itself there is Nariman Point , which is another CBD including Andheri and Parel . Parry's Corner and Nungambakkam are among the main CBDs of Chennai . Bangalore has five notable business districts: UB City , Brigade Gateway, Koramangala , Indiranagar , and Electronic City . Lucknow has three business districts, including Hazratganj Market , Gomti Nagar Extension at

1938-563: The fourth in the world. La Défense hosts 19 of the world's biggest 500 companies , whilst the Paris region as a whole hosts 29 of the world's 500 largest companies, establishing itself as the first city in Europe (and the third worldwide) for the number of companies classified in Fortune Fortune Global 500 . In Germany , the terms Innenstadt and Stadtzentrum may be used to describe

1989-421: The geographical centers of the city because the city center is the historical center of the city, and usually not very suitable to function as a modern business district. A precursor to modern business districts is EUR in Rome , which is now home to several national and international companies and public bodies. The EUR, the Napoli business district , the Milan business district , and City Life , are among

2040-400: The largest CitySuper supermarket in mainland China. There are over 40 dining outlets, offering various types of cuisine, including Shanghai Club, the premium brand under Jardin de Jade, and Paris Blanc, a grill house managed by Paris Group. HKRI has other residential projects in Zhejiang Province and Shanghai . City One in Jiaxing provides about 600 units, while the adjacent Riviera One,

2091-403: The last of which features the only W Hotel in the city. Colombia's other notable CBDs include Parque Berrío in Medellín , Bocagrande in Cartagena (the largest touristic CBD in the country), and Paseo de Bolívar in Barranquilla . La Défense , west of Paris , is France 's largest central business district. La Défense was in 2017 ranked as the leading CBD in continental Europe, and

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2142-399: The master planning of Bonifacio Global City. Ortigas Center (fourth), with an area of more than 100 hectares (250 acres), is the Philippines' second most important business district after the Makati CBD and is home to Asian Development Bank. Meanwhile, the Makati Central Business District (third), also known as the Makati CBD, is the leading financial and the largest central business district in

2193-423: The most important commercial areas in Italy. Other important business and financial centers are present in Genoa and Brescia . In Pakistan, a central business district or a large, concentrated urban setting within a settlement is called a shehar . Karachi is Pakistan's largest city and the country's economic hub; the I. I. Chundrigar Road acts as Karachi's main financial district. Shahra-e-Faisal in Karachi

2244-400: The neighboring districts, Itaim Bibi and Vila Olímpia , now concentrate a large part of the financial activities in São Paulo and Brazil . Avenida Paulista and nearby streets is a well-established financial center that has several banking offices and corporate headquarters, as well as hospitals. Its Historic Center was the city's first business center; There, the São Paulo Stock Exchange

2295-414: The new Santa Fe , respectively. Russia 's largest central business district is the Moscow International Business Center in Moscow . The shape and type of a central business district almost always closely reflect the city's history. Cities with strong preservation laws and maximum building height restrictions to retain the character of the historic and cultural core may have a CBD quite a distance from

2346-418: The new financial center of Lima . The Philippines has three major central business districts, which are all located in Metro Manila. Bonifacio Global City (second) is the newest and one of the largest central business districts in the Philippines. The Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA), Ayala Land, Inc. and Evergreen Holdings, Inc. controls Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation, which oversees

2397-403: The other two business districts, Yeouido has some of Seoul's tallest skyscrapers, including Parc1 Tower , International Finance Center Seoul , and the 63 Building . Yeouido is where the National Assembly of South Korea and many media companies and political institutions are based. Smaller but notable central business districts in South Korea include the Jamsil area, which is the location of

2448-466: The piers for ferry services to Macau and China. It is also convenient to the southern portal of the Western Harbour Crossing . 22°17′17″N 114°09′07″E  /  22.28806°N 114.15194°E  / 22.28806; 114.15194 Central business district A central business district ( CBD ) is the commercial and business center of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as

2499-417: The property on close examination a slightly asymmetric appearance. The complex was designed by Hong Kong architecture and engineering firm Spence Robinson and built by local contractor Hip Hing Construction. Construction began in January 1981. Shun Tak Centre is a minor transport hub, with direct access to the Sheung Wan station of the MTR , a bus terminal adjacent to the east, a large taxi stand, and

2550-450: The site of the rail terminus for the Kuala Lumpur–Singapore High Speed Rail . South Africa 's largest cities, Cape Town , Durban , Johannesburg , Pretoria , and Port Elizabeth , have CBDs that include the corporate headquarters for many of South Africa's largest companies, its convention centers , and many of the country's tallest buildings. Cape Town has one of South Africa's most iconic skyline (which includes Table Mountain ) and

2601-514: Was the area revived. In Frankfurt am Main 's city center, there is a business district called the " Bankenviertel ". In Düsseldorf , there is a business district which is located around the famous high street Königsallee with banks, shops and offices. Traditionally, the Central Business District "CBD" of Hong Kong is Central , where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates general and consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as

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