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25-619: It was the location of the Hårsfjärden incident , during October 1–13, 1982, in which Swedish forces appeared to have trapped a foreign submarine, believed to be Soviet, but the submarine escaped. Three Swedish destroyers were sunk in the Hårsfjärden in an explosion on 17 September 1941 , during World War II. The three destroyers sunk at a naval base on the fjord were Göteborg , Klas Horn and Klas Uggla . Göteborg and Klas Horn were later salvaged and returned to service, while Klas Uggla

50-465: A Royal Navy battleship of the King George V class had sixteen QF Mark I 5.25-inch (133 mm) guns that could engage either enemy ships or high level aircraft, as necessary. Not all dual-purpose guns have high elevation. The determining factor was whether or not the mounting was provided with an anti-aircraft fire control system and a method for setting the time fuze in the A.A. warhead, fired by

75-479: A compromise between the heavy main armament of a surface combatant and dedicated anti-aircraft guns . Usually of a mid-range caliber, the gun is heavy enough to prove useful against surface targets including ships, surfaced submarines, and land targets. However, it is compact enough to fit into a mounting capable of good traverse and high elevation, as well as being capable of a high rate of fire, allowing it to successfully engage air targets at all angles. For example,

100-426: A design speed of 39 knots (72 km/h; 45 mph). A total of 150 tonnes (150 long tons) of fuel oil was carried to give a range of 1,200 nautical miles (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph). The main armament consisted of three 12 cm (4.7 in) K/45 M24C dual-purpose guns produced by Bofors . These were placed in separate mounts on the ship's centreline, with one on

125-515: A distance; finally, light rapid-fire anti-aircraft batteries (A/A) to track and bring down aircraft at close range. The light A/A was dispersed throughout the ship and included both automatic cannons of 20 mm to 40 mm (.787 inch to 1.57 inch) and heavy machine guns of 12.7 mm to 14.5 mm (.50 inch to .58 inch). During World War II, the US Navy , Royal Navy , the French Navy , and

150-593: A target on 14 August 1962. Dual-purpose gun A dual-purpose gun is a naval artillery mounting designed to engage both surface and air targets. Second World War-era capital ships had four classes of artillery: the heavy main battery, intended to engage opposing battleships and cruisers of 305 mm to 457 mm (12 inch to 18 inch); a secondary battery for use against enemy destroyers of 152 mm to 203 mm (6 inch to 8 inch); heavy anti-aircraft guns of 76 mm to 127 mm (3 inch to 5 inch), which could create barrages to knock out airplanes at

175-665: The Porter class with eight Mk 12 5-inch/38-caliber (127 mm) guns in four Mark 22 Single Purpose (surface action only) twin mounts, limited to 35 degrees elevation, but with no provision for A.A. fire control and no on-mount fuze setters. The 40-degree elevation did limit the ability of the Tribal class guns to engage dive and high altitude bombers but they were still effective in engaging low altitude, level, and torpedo bombers and could still provide barrage fire over other ships being attacked by dive bombers. Admiral Sir Philip Vian describes

200-727: The Imperial Japanese Navy combined the secondary battery with the heavy anti-aircraft guns, creating a dual-purpose secondary battery. They discarded the dedicated, anti-ship secondary batteries altogether, because a battle-line fleet would be screened against cruisers and destroyers most of the time. Also, it was deemed unlikely that a battleship would be simultaneously facing both rushing destroyers and aircraft, and it would take up too much space to have separate types of guns to deal with both threats. Rather, they replaced them with turret-mounted dual-purpose guns that could be used against both aircraft and ships. The space saved from combining

225-480: The class , Göteborg was launched on 14 October 1935 as an improvement on the previous Ehrensköld class . The destroyer was sunk during the Hårsfjärden disaster of 7 September 1941 when an explosion amongst the torpedoes mounted aft led to the loss of thirty lives, the largest number in Swedish territorial waters during the war. The destroyer was repaired and re-entered operations protecting Sweden's neutrality until

250-494: The forecastle , one aft and one between the funnels. The guns were of a loose-barrel type, weighed 3 t (3.0 long tons) and fired a 24 kg (53 lb) projectile at 800 m/s (2,600 ft/s). Air defence consisted six 25 mm (1 in) M/40 autocannons , also provided by Bofors. These were in a twin mounting aft of the bridge and two single mounts to port and starboard. Two triple rotating torpedo tube mounts for 53 cm (21 in) torpedoes were aft of

275-642: The pennant number J5. Initially serving with the Coastal Fleet , the destroyer was transferred to the Gothenburg Squadron on 27 August 1940. On 8 April 1940, during the invasion of Norway , a ship claiming to be Göteborg was fired on by the British destroyer HMS  Glowworm . The vessel was actually the German destroyer  Z18 Hans Lüdemann , which escaped unscathed into the mist. On 17 September 1941,

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300-474: The British or Americans. Both navies were concerned by possible close-range torpedo attacks from enemy (in particular, French) destroyers and torpedo boats, and considered the more powerful, larger calibre anti-ship secondaries a must. The French Navy used a mixed-calibre system, as well, but their secondary battery was dual-purpose. This tended to complicate ammunition supplies and render certain armament useless in some situations. Dual-purpose guns are designed as

325-416: The destroyer was on patrol and drove off a Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor maritime patrol aircraft which was harassing a convoy. On 27 September, Göteborg was at the centre of the Hårsfjärden disaster . The destroyer was docked at Hårsfjärden when the torpedoes exploded, followed by a similar explosion aboard the destroyer Klas Horn which was nearby. Göteborg sank in the harbour. Burning oil spilt onto

350-461: The end of the conflict, approached the German submarine  U-3503 at Gothenburg when that boat surrendered on 6 May 1945. However, the damage had taken its toll. When the rest of the class were modernised and re-equipped to become anti-submarine frigates during the Cold War between 1948 and 1951, Göteborg was not. Instead, the ship was decommissioned on 15 August 1958 and subsequently sunk as

375-582: The end of the war. The destroyer served until 15 August 1958 when the vessel was retired. Göteborg was subsequently sunk as a target on 14 August 1962. The name of the ship was also used as a cover by the German destroyer  Z18 Hans Lüdemann during the invasion of Norway in April 1940. In 1933, the Swedish Riksdag authorised two ships based on the design of the Ehrensköld -class destroyer .The new design

400-566: The end, but the fire of the destroyers, although limited to an elevation of forty degrees, was enough to keep the enemy just too high for their standard of marksmanship. Not a ship received a direct hit, though some were damaged by the splinters from near misses." Dual-purpose guns, often abbreviated to DP guns , were originally designed as a secondary armament for large surface ships such as cruisers and battleships to complement their heavy main armaments. Later, such guns began to be added to smaller vessels as their primary gun armament, and with

425-518: The gun. Starting with the Tribal class , the Royal Navy introduced a series of destroyer classes that had dual-purpose guns, but in 4.7 inch QF Mark XII , twin CP Mk. XIX and later mountings limited to 40, 50 or 55 degrees elevation, however, the guns were controlled by an A.A. fire control system and the mountings were provided with A.A. shell fuze setters. The USN had developed a similar class of destroyer,

450-538: The superstructure and two depth charge throwers were carried further towards the stern. Approximately forty mines could also be carried for minelaying. The ship had a complement of 135 officers and ratings . Göteborg was laid down by Götaverken in Gothenburg in 1934, launched on 14 October 1935 and commissioned on 30 October 1936. The ship was named for the city, called Gothenburg in English, and allocated

475-623: The two types of guns added to simplification of supply, increased deck armour coverage, stowage of other equipment, a larger light anti-aircraft battery, and other needs. This arrangement was seen as more efficient, and was deemed adequate to meet anti-surface and anti-aircraft needs under most circumstances. The Kriegsmarine , in a practice similar to the Italian and Soviet navies, adopted a mixed-calibre secondary battery, with dedicated anti-ship guns, coupled with smaller-calibre heavy anti-aircraft batteries, instead of adopting dual-purpose secondaries like

500-509: The use of 4.7 inch Mark XII guns against aircraft during the 1940 campaign in Norway : "It became clear at once that in an attack from the air in narrow waters flanked by mountains, the cards were held by the aircraft. There was too little sea-room for full freedom of manoeuvre, and the aircraft's approach was screened by the rock walls. As often as not, when they did come into view it was at such an angle that our 4.7-inch guns, whose maximum elevation

525-459: The water, and 33 lives were lost, although it would have been worse had the majority of the crew not been on shore leave at the time. Nonetheless, it was the worst loss of life the country experienced in its territorial waters during the conflict. On 18 September 1943, the ship was recommissioned after extensive repairs. Göteborg achieved an even higher speed of 40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph) during trials. The vessel resumed service and, at

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550-411: Was 9 m (29 ft 6 in) and maximum draught 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in). Power was provided by three Penhoët oil-fired boilers feeding two de Laval geared steam turbines driving two shafts . The ship had two funnels . New materials allowed the boilers to be superheated to 125 °C (257 °F), which raised the rated power to 32,000 shaft horsepower (24,000  kW ) to give

575-473: Was only forty degrees, could not reach them... Aandalsnes is approached through the Romsdal Fiord , and lies forty miles from the entrance, off which we arrived on the 24th April. The daylight passage of the convoy and escort through this waterway, speed five knots, on a steady course and with mountains rising steeply either side, presented an alluring invitation to enemy aircraft. Junkers attacks persisted to

600-531: Was scrapped. 59°04′00″N 18°08′59″E  /  59.066667°N 18.149722°E  / 59.066667; 18.149722 This Swedish geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . HSwMS G%C3%B6teborg (J5) HSwMS Göteborg was a destroyer of the Royal Swedish Navy that served during the Second World War and in the Cold War . The lead ship of

625-580: Was to have a higher speed, achieved by introducing superheating and lightening the structure through using welding rather than rivets . The design proved successful and was subsequently reordered, ultimately leading to a class of 6 vessels named after towns. Göteborg was the lead ship of the class and the first laid down . Displacing 1,040 t (1,020 long tons) standard and 1,200 tonnes (1,200 long tons) full load, Göteborg had an overall length of 94.6 m (310 ft 4 in) and 93 m (305 ft 1 in) between perpendiculars . Beam

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