Hästens Sängar AB , or simply Hastens ( Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhɛ̌sːtɛns] , Swedish for "The horse's" as in "the horse's beds"), is a Swedish manufacturer established in 1852, that produces and trades in high-end mattress , bed linen , bedding pillows and lifestyle accessories.
40-713: The company was founded by Pehr Adolf Janson in 1852 as a saddler business and is a family-owned company. David Janson shifted their focus in the early 1900s from making saddles to making beds. By 1952, a century after its foundation, they had become the official bedding supplier of Sweden's royal court, a title they share with IKEA since 1984. The company continues to manufacture all beds in its factory in Sweden. Hästens manufactures beds and mattresses by using materials such as cotton , horse hair , wool and flax . Hästens retail stores also sell branded premium bedlinen, pillows, duvets and accessories. Pehr Adolf Janson (1830-1885)
80-644: A tester bed ) made its first appearance, the bed being slung from the ceiling or fastened to the walls, a form which developed later into a room within a room, shut in by double curtains, sometimes even to exclude all drafts. The space between the bed and the wall was called the ruelle , and very intimate friends were received there. The 14th century was also the time when feather beds became highly prized possessions. Beds in aristocratic residences can be distinguished by enclosed curtains, these beds would have mattresses and pillows that were filled with feathers. Sheets were made of linen and blankets of wool. Rails attached to
120-578: A Swedish court ruled that Hästens was not allowed to advertise with phrases such as "The finest beds in the world" and "due to [our unique manufacturing process in Köping], we can offer 25 years' warranty on springs and frames". The latter was, among other reasons, because the springs and frames were actually manufactured by a subcontractor. Many companies have tried to copy the check patterns and Hästens has successfully undertaken legal procedures in several countries against infringements and counterfeits. As of 2011,
160-527: A Swedish court ruled that Hästens was not allowed to advertise with phrases such as "The finest beds in the world" and "due to [our unique manufacturing process in Köping], we can offer 25 years' warranty on springs and frames". The latter was, among other reasons, because the springs and frames were actually manufactured by a subcontractor. Many companies have tried to copy the check patterns and Hästens has successfully undertaken legal procedures in several countries against infringements and counterfeits. As of 2011,
200-491: A covering. Curtains were hung from the ceiling or from an iron arm projecting from the wall. They appear to have generally lain naked in bed, wrapping themselves in large linen sheets which were stretched over the cushions. In the 12th century, luxury increased and bedsteads were made of wood much decorated with inlaid, carved, and painted ornamentation. They also used folding beds, which served as couches by day and had cushions covered with silk laid upon leather . At night
240-404: A headboard and footboard. Wooden slats are placed perpendicular to the bed rails to support the mattress/mattress box spring. Bed rails and frames are often attached to the bed post using knock-down fittings. A knock-down fitting enables the bed to be easily dismantled for removal. Primary knock-down fittings for bed rails are as follows: Safety rails, or cot sides , can be added to the sides of
280-507: A huge olive tree trunk that used to grow on the spot. The poem's author, Homer , also mentions the inlaying of the woodwork of the bed with gold , silver , and ivory . Ancient Roman mattresses were stuffed with reeds , hay , or wool . Feathers were used towards the end of the Republic , when custom demanded luxury. Small cushions were placed at the head and sometimes at the back. The bedsteads were high and could only be ascended by
320-549: A linen sheet was spread and pillows placed, while silk-covered skins served as coverlets. The Carolingian manuscripts show metal bedsteads much higher at the head than at the feet, and this shape continued in use until the 13th century in France, many cushions being added to raise the body to a sloping position. In 12th-century manuscripts, the bedsteads appear much richer, with inlays, carving, and painting, and with embroidered coverlets and mattresses in harmony. Curtains were hung above
360-471: A master saddler. Per Thure started a company together with his son David Janson. The business of making beds took off and they were soon producing more beds than saddles. In 1939, British architect Ralph Erskine (1914–2005) travelled by bicycle to Sweden, where he later met David Janson who commissioned him to build the Hästens Factory, which was one of the first buildings that he designed in Sweden. It
400-411: A master saddler. Per Thure started a company together with his son David Janson. The business of making beds took off and they were soon producing more beds than saddles. In 1939, British architect Ralph Erskine (1914–2005) travelled by bicycle to Sweden, where he later met David Janson who commissioned him to build the Hästens Factory, which was one of the first buildings that he designed in Sweden. It
440-402: A padded mattress nor a bed frame, such as the hammock . Other beds are made specifically for animals . Beds may have a headboard for resting against, and may have side rails and footboards. "Headboard only" beds may incorporate a "dust ruffle", "bed skirt", or "valance sheet" to hide the bed frame. To support the head, a pillow made of a soft, padded material is usually placed on the top of
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#1733086108470480-709: Is 3.26 metres (10.7 ft) wide, 3.38 metres (11.1 ft) long. The bed is mentioned by Shakespeare in Twelfth Night . It is now in the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in London . Another bed in the V&;A is the Golden Bed created by William Burges in 1879. In 1882, Nawab of Bahawalpur Sadiq Muhammad Khan Abassi IV had a bed made of dark wood ornamented with 290 kilograms (640 lb) of sterling silver. At each corner of
520-401: Is a large mattress-sized box containing wood and springs that provide additional support and suspension for the mattress. Beds are available in many sizes, ranging from infant-sized bassinets and cribs , to small beds for a single person or adult, to large queen and king-size beds designed for two people. While most beds are single mattresses on a fixed frame, there are other varieties, such as
560-561: Is made up of head, foot, and side rails. For heavy duty or larger frames (such as for queen- and king-sized beds), the bed frame also includes a center support rail. The rails are assembled to create a box for the mattress or mattress/box spring to sit on. Types include: Although not truly parts of a bed frame, headboards, footboards, and bed rails can be included in the definition. Headboards and footboards can be wood or metal. They can be stained, painted, or covered in fabric or leather. Bed rails are made of wood or metal and are attached to
600-452: The king of France reclined when he was present in parliament , the princes being seated, the great officials standing, and the lesser officials kneeling, was held to denote the royal power even more than the throne . Louis XI is credited with its first use and the custom lasted until the end of the monarchy . In the chambre de parade , where the ceremonial bed was placed, certain persons, such as ambassadors or great lords , whom it
640-420: The murphy bed , which folds into a wall, the sofa bed , which folds out of a sofa, the trundle bed , which is stored under a low, twin-sized bed and can be rolled out to create a larger sleeping area, and the bunk bed , which provides two mattresses on two tiers as well as a ladder to access the upper tier. Temporary beds include the inflatable air mattress and the folding camp cot . Some beds contain neither
680-465: The bed and a small hanging lamp is often shown. In the 14th century the woodwork became of less importance, generally being entirely covered by hangings of rich materials. Silk , velvet , and even cloth of gold were frequently used. Inventories from the beginning of the 14th century give details of these hangings lined with fur and richly embroidered. It was then that the Four poster bed (also known as
720-540: The bed there was a life-sized bronze statue of a naked woman holding a fan. When the Nawab lay on the bed, his weight started a mechanism that made the women wave their fans and started a music box playing selections from Gounod's Faust . In 1865, a convertible bed in the form of an upright piano was available, which could provide home entertainment while saving space. There are many varieties of beds: Bed frames , also called bed steads, are made of wood or metal. The frame
760-454: The beds would be for hanging clothes or to hold candles. In less wealthy houses, the bed would be made of three planks and a mattress made of dried heather or fern, they would sleep with a single sheet and an old blanket. In the 15th century beds became very large, reaching 7 to 8 feet (2.1 to 2.4 m) by 6 to 7 feet (1.8 to 2.1 m). The mattresses were often filled with pea-shucks, straw, or feathers. At this time great personages were in
800-424: The habit of carrying most of their property about with them, including beds and bed hangings , and for this reason the bedsteads were for the most part mere frameworks to be covered up; but about the beginning of the 16th century bedsteads were made lighter and more decorative, since the lords remained in the same place for longer periods. In the 17th century, which has been called "the century of magnificent beds",
840-409: The help of steps. They were often arranged for two people, and had a board or railing at the back, as well as the raised portion at the head. The counterpanes were sometimes very costly, generally purple embroidered with figures in gold ; and rich hangings fell to the ground masking the front. The bedsteads themselves were often of bronze inlaid with silver, and Elagabalus had one of solid silver. In
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#1733086108470880-402: The leaves of Cryptocarya woodii . Beds found in a preserved northern Scottish village, which were raised boxes made of stone and likely topped with comfortable fillers, were dated to between 3200 BC and 2200 BC. The Odyssey , an ancient Greek epic poem , describes the bed of its protagonist, Odysseus , and explains that he crafted the bed for himself and his wife, Penelope , out of
920-496: The mattress. Some form of covering blanket is often used to insulate the sleeper, often bed sheets , a quilt , or a duvet , collectively referred to as bedding . Bedding is the removable non-furniture portion of a bed, which enables these components to be washed or aired out. In Europe, mattresses were stuffed with straw, chaff, animal hair (for instance horsehair , used for its resilience), coarse wool, or down feathers , and stacked, softest topmost. This pile of mattresses, and
960-420: The oldest previously known bedding. They speculate that insect-repellent plants and ash layers, sometimes due to burned older grass beddings, found beneath the bedding have been used for a dirt-free, insulated base and to keep away arthropods . Early beds were little more than piles of straw or some other natural material (e.g. a heap of palm leaves, animal skins, or dried bracken ). An important change
1000-409: The phrase "At Hästens we set out to make the best beds in the world." is used. Bed A bed is an item of furniture that is used as a place to sleep , rest , and relax . Most modern beds consist of a soft, cushioned mattress on a bed frame . The mattress rests either on a solid base , often wood slats, or a sprung base. Many beds include a box spring inner-sprung base , which
1040-434: The phrase "At Hästens we set out to make the best beds in the world." is used. Pehr Adolf Janson Hästens Sängar AB , or simply Hastens ( Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhɛ̌sːtɛns] , Swedish for "The horse's" as in "the horse's beds"), is a Swedish manufacturer established in 1852, that produces and trades in high-end mattress , bed linen , bedding pillows and lifestyle accessories. The company
1080-473: The sheets, blanket, and pillows, was what early Europeans called a "bed"; it might be packed away during the day (a usage which survives in words like featherbed ). The bedframe , even when present, supported the bed, but was not considered part of it. Later innovations made bedframes more portable, and increased their importance. In August 2020 scientists reported the discovery of the oldest grass bedding from at least 200,000 years ago , much older than
1120-513: The style à la duchesse , with tester and curtains only at the head, replaced the more enclosed beds in France, though they lasted much longer in England. Louis XIV had an enormous number of sumptuous beds, as many as 413 being described in the inventories of his palaces. Some of them had embroideries enriched with pearls , and figures on a silver or golden ground. The great bed at Versailles had crimson velvet curtains on which "The Triumph of Venus"
1160-559: The tiresome details of etiquette. Portable beds were used in high society in France until the end of the Ancien Régime . The earliest of which mention has been found belonged to Charles the Bold . They had curtains over a light framework, and were in their way as fine as the stationary beds. Iron beds appear in the 18th century; the advertisements declare them as free from the insects which sometimes infested wooden bedsteads. Elsewhere, there
1200-582: The walls of some houses at Pompeii bed niches are found which were probably closed by curtains or sliding partitions. Ancient Romans had various kinds of beds for repose. These included: The Greeks and Romans were also having their meals in bed. They would recline on one side and reach out to pick up food from a nearby table. The Egyptians had high bedsteads which were ascended by steps, with bolsters or pillows , and curtains to hang around. The elite of Egyptian society such as its pharaohs and queens even had beds made of wood, sometimes gilded. Often there
1240-453: Was a head-rest as well, semi-cylindrical and made of stone , wood , or metal . Ancient Assyrians, Medes , and Persians had beds of a similar kind, and frequently decorated their furniture with inlays or appliques of metal, mother-of-pearl , and ivory . In the early Middle Ages they laid carpets on the floor or on a bench against the wall, placed upon them were mattresses stuffed with feathers , wool , or hair , and used skins as
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1280-511: Was also the closed bed with sliding or folding shutters, and in England—where beds were commonly quite simple in form—the four poster was the usual citizen's bed until the middle of the 19th century. Bed sizes vary considerably around the world, with most countries having their own standards and terminology. One of the largest beds in the world is the Great Bed of Ware , made in about 1580. It
1320-500: Was awarded his master certificate in 1852 by King Oscar I of Sweden . Master saddlers were also makers of mattresses, since horsetail hair was an essential material for the pads that went into the carriage. At that time, becoming a master saddler in Sweden required the certificate to be issued by the King himself. In the late 1800s, the family moved to Hed and Pehr Adolf's son Per Thure Janson decided to follow his father's path in becoming
1360-450: Was awarded his master certificate in 1852 by King Oscar I of Sweden . Master saddlers were also makers of mattresses, since horsetail hair was an essential material for the pads that went into the carriage. At that time, becoming a master saddler in Sweden required the certificate to be issued by the King himself. In the late 1800s, the family moved to Hed and Pehr Adolf's son Per Thure Janson decided to follow his father's path in becoming
1400-733: Was designed by Erskine in 1948 and he also designed the further expansion of the factory in 1998, in Köping where the company is still located as of 2019 . In 1978, Jack Ryde designed Hästens' blue check pattern that was presented for a furniture trade fair. The blue check pattern is a registered trademark for Hästens beds and is protected. Hästens currently operates retail stores around the world in locations such as: Stockholm , London , Dallas , Houston , Paris , Amsterdam , Israel , Zurich , Frankfurt , Barcelona , Bari , Brussels , Malta , New York , México City , Beijing , Shanghai , Hong Kong , Taipei , Seoul and Singapore . In 2000,
1440-677: Was designed by Erskine in 1948 and he also designed the further expansion of the factory in 1998, in Köping where the company is still located as of 2019. In 1978, Jack Ryde designed Hästens' blue check pattern that was presented for a furniture trade fair. The blue check pattern is a registered trademark for Hästens beds and is protected. Hästens currently operates retail stores around the world in locations such as: Stockholm , London , Dallas , Houston , Paris , Amsterdam , Israel , Zurich , Frankfurt , Barcelona , Bari , Brussels , Malta , New York , México City , Beijing , Shanghai , Hong Kong , Taipei , Seoul and Singapore . In 2000,
1480-423: Was desired to honour, were received in a more intimate fashion than the crowd of courtiers . At Versailles women received their friends in their beds, both before and after childbirth , during periods of mourning , and even directly after marriage —in fact in any circumstances which were thought deserving of congratulation or condolence. During the 17th century this curious custom became general, perhaps to avoid
1520-475: Was embroidered. So much gold was used that the velvet scarcely showed. In the 18th century feather pillows were first used as coverings in Germany, which in the fashions of the bed and the curious etiquette connected with the bedchamber followed France for the most part. The beds were a la duchesse , but in France itself there was great variety both of name and shape. The custom of the " bed of justice " upon which
1560-656: Was founded by Pehr Adolf Janson in 1852 as a saddler business and is a family-owned company. David Janson shifted their focus in the early 1900s from making saddles to making beds. By 1952, a century after its foundation, they had become the official bedding supplier of Sweden's royal court, a title they share with IKEA since 1984. The company continues to manufacture all beds in its factory in Sweden. Hästens manufactures beds and mattresses by using materials such as cotton , horse hair , wool and flax . Hästens retail stores also sell branded premium bedlinen, pillows, duvets and accessories. Pehr Adolf Janson (1830-1885)
1600-519: Was raising them off the ground, to avoid drafts, dirt, and pests. In the Miocene period , lasting from twenty-three to five million years ago, before the emergence of humans, apes began creating beds composed of a sleeping platform including a wooden pillow . Bedding dated around to 3600 BC was discovered in Sibudu Cave , South Africa. The bedding consists of sedge and other monocotyledons topped with
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