Misplaced Pages

#687312

27-539: 41°24′28″N 35°07′08″E  /  41.4077°N 35.1188°E  / 41.4077; 35.1188 This article related to a river in Turkey is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This geographical article about a location in Kastamonu Province , Turkey is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kastamonu Province Kastamonu Province ( Turkish : Kastamonu ili )

54-461: A few are suitable for economic investments. Kastamonu shares about 0.4% of the GDP, the composition of the GDP is as follows (1998 est.): Transportation is possible only through paved and unpaved highways; a railroad that will connect Çankırı, Kastamonu and İnebolu is under construction. Although the province has a 135 km long coastline to Black Sea, only İnebolu has a small port and transportation by

81-793: A time, and as far south as Malatya , which they captured in 1103. In early 12th century, Danishmends were rivals of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum , which controlled much of the territory surrounding the Danishmend lands, and they fought extensively against the Crusaders . The dynasty was established by Danishmend Gazi for whom historical information is rather scarce and was generally written long after his death. His title or name, Dānishmand ( دانشمند ) means "wise man" or "one who searches for knowledge" in Persian . The Turkoman Chepni Danishmendid dynasty

108-501: Is a province of Turkey, in the Black Sea region in the north of the country. It is surrounded by Sinop to the east, Bartın , Karabük to the west, Çankırı to the south, Çorum to the southeast and the Black Sea to the north. Its area is 13,064 km , and its population is 378,115 (2022). The population density is 29 inhabitants per km . The provincial capital Kastamonu has a population of 128,707 (2022). Kastamonu province

135-421: Is also an important industry. Industries largely consist of manufacturing of forestry, agriculture and mining products. Underground resources include copper, mercury , iron ore, chromium, manganese , asbestos , bauxite , graphite , phosphate , kaolinite , clay , limestone , quartz , marble , magnesite , fire clay , coal and nickel. There are also some natural thermal and mineral water springs, of which

162-481: Is divided into 20 districts (capital district in bold ): It is not definitively known when Kastamonu was first founded. However, some sources dating back to the Early Middle Ages refer to the province. There are also some archeological findings that date to about 100,000 years that suggest the region was inhabited at that time. There are many ideas about the derivation of the name Kastamonu: According to

189-441: Is nevertheless considered the first builder of Kayseri as a Turkish city, despite his relatively short period of reign. When Mehmed died in 1142, the Danishmend lands were divided between his two brothers, Melik Yaghibasan , who maintained the title of "Melik" and ruled from Sivas , and Ayn el-Devle , who ruled from Malatya . In 1155, Seljuk Sultan Kilij Arslan II attacked Melik Yaghibasan, who sought help from Nur ad-Din ,

216-418: Is occupied in agriculture. This ratio is higher than the country average. The second largest sector is public and private services (8.9%). Almost all of the arable land has permanent crops. The agricultural products make up about of 0.01% of the total in Turkey. A large portion of the agricultural produce consists of cereals. Thanks to its widespread forest areas (a total of 57% of the surface area), forestry

243-731: The Danishmendnâme , Danishmend Gazi was a native of Malatya . As of 1134, Danishmend dynasty leaders also held the title Melik ( the King ) bestowed in recognition of their military successes by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mustarshid , although the Beys ( Emirs ) of Danishmend prior to 1134 may also be retrospectively referred to as Melik . Danishmend Gazi himself was alternatively called "Danishmend Taylu". The Danishmends established themselves in Anatolia in

270-567: The Turkish War of Independence , Kastamonu played an important role in the supply of ammunition and troops to the İnebolu – Ankara front, transporting the war machines that would arrive to İnebolu by sea from Istanbul (Constantinople) and the Soviets . When the Greeks noticed this activity, the İnebolu port was bombarded from the sea on 9 June 1921. The province is mostly covered with forests, thanks to

297-600: The Zengid emir of Mosul . However, when Nur ad-Din died in 1174, the Sivas lands were incorporated into the Sultanate. Following the death of Fahreddin in a riding accident in 1172, he was succeeded by his brother Afridun. By 1175, Nasreddin Muhammed had returned to power, and ruled as a Seljuk vassal. In 1178, Malatya was occupied. This event marked the end of the Danishmend rule, while

SECTION 10

#1732852677688

324-657: The Byzantine period. These two words took the form of Kastamonu over time. With the weakening of the Macedon kings, the Paphlagonia and Bithynia regions were engulfed by the newly formed Pontus kingdom. After the fall of the Pontus kingdom in first century BC, the area was incorporated by the Roman Empire by joining Paphlagonia with Bithynia. The capital center of this new city-state

351-814: The aftermath of the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, in which the Seljuks defeated the Byzantine Empire and captured most of Anatolia. Gazi took advantage of the dynastic struggles of the Seljuks upon the death of the Sultan Suleyman I of Rûm in 1086 to establish his own dynasty in central Anatolia. The capital was likely first established in Amasia . In 1100, Gazi's son, Emir Gazi , captured Bohemond I of Antioch , who remained in their captivity until 1103. A Seljuk-Danishmend alliance

378-555: The area was granted back to the Çandaroğlu by the Mongol warlord Timur Lenk . Ottoman sultan Mehmed II incorporated the region back into the empire in 1461. During the Ottoman reign, the province boundaries were expanded up to reach Constantinople . The sultan's heirs were often sent to rule the province as governors to gain experience. After the First World War , during the battles of

405-581: The cities of Niksar , Bünyan , Kırşehir , along the River Zamantı near the castle of the same name ( Zamantı ) and elsewhere in Anatolia , and Melikgazi is also the name of one of the central districts of the city of Kayseri . The same uniformity in appellations in popular parlance may also apply to other edifices built by Danishmends. The official title of the Danishmendids was Malik of All Romania and

432-465: The first settlers of Kastamonu. Tumanna is the name of a city/region located on Kastamonu at that time. The combination of these two words took the form of Kastamonu over time. According to a third opinion, the city of Kastamonu took its name from the combination of the words Kastra and Komnen. The word Kastra means "castle" in Latin. The Komnens are a Byzantine Dynasty and the settlers of this region during

459-530: The first view, it should be considered that the name Kastamonu is Turkishized from the name Paphlagonía [Greek "land of Paphlagon (people)"]. The region covering the West Black Sea and Central Black Sea regions was called Paphlagonia before the Turks . Today, Kastamonu, Sinop , Bartın , Çankırı and Karabük are located in this region, while parts of Çorum , Bolu , Zonguldak and Samsun provinces remain within

486-537: The medieval Armenian historians Matthew of Edessa and Vardan Areveltsi , Danishmend Gazi was of Armenian origin, which, as Tahsin Yazici explains, "is not incompatible with Niketas' report". Yazici adds that other historians explained his origins differently. Some identified him as a nephew of Malik-Shah I ( r.   1072–1092), Sultan of the Great Seljuk Empire . According to this narrative, Danishmend Gazi

513-453: The mild Black Sea climate. Ilgaz National Park , where a micro-climate dominates due to the mountainous terrain and numerous streams, is 63 km south of the province center of Kastamonu. Ilgaz Mountain (highest peak 2587 m) dominates the south of the province where hiking and whitewater rafting is possible at the Ilgaz Stream . According to the 2000 census, 77.5% of the labor force

540-515: The region. The Paphlagonians, who dominated this region in 1000 BC, gave their name to this geography. According to a second opinion, the city of Kastamonu took its name from the name Kastama, which was used for the same region in the Hittite period. The name Kastama turned into Kastamonu over time. According to another view, the city of Kastamonu took its name from the combination of the words Gas and Tumanna. Gas, or better known as Kashkas, are among

567-601: The remaining Danishmends joined Seljuk service. Danishmend Gazi, the founder of the dynasty, is the central figure of a posthumous romance epic, Danishmendnâme , in which he is misidentified with an 8th-century Arab warrior, Sidi Battal Gazi, and their exploits intertwined. Virtually all Danishmend rulers entered the traditions of the Turkish folk literature , where they are all referred to as "Melik Gazi". Hence, there are "tombs of Melik Gazi", many of which are much visited shrines and belong in fact to different Danishmend rulers, in

SECTION 20

#1732852677688

594-655: The sea is almost non-existent. There are around 112,000 telephone main lines in use, about 200,000 cellphone subscribers and 15,000 Internet users in the province. 41°31′10″N 33°41′23″E  /  41.51944°N 33.68972°E  / 41.51944; 33.68972 Danishmend The Danishmendids or Danishmends ( Turkish : Dânişmendliler ) was a Turkoman Chepni founded beylik that ruled in north-central and eastern Anatolia from 1071/1075 to 1178. The dynasty centered originally around Sivas , Tokat , and Niksar in central-northeastern Anatolia , they extended as far west as Ankara and Kastamonu for

621-617: Was Pompeiopolis , of which the remains still stand near Tasköprü District in Kastamonu. The region then fell under the hegemony of the Seljuq dynasty (11th century AD), followed by the Danishmends , the Byzantines during the crusades , Çobanoğlu and Jandarid beyliks . The Ottoman sultan Beyazid I conquered the province in 1392; however, following his capture and death in Battle of Ankara ,

648-645: Was also responsible for defeating the Crusade of 1101 . In 1116, the Danishmends helped Mesud I become the Seljuk sultan. In 1130, Bohemond II of Antioch was killed in a battle with Emir Gazi , after coming to the aid of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia , which Gümüshtigin had invaded. Gümüshtigin died in 1134 and his son and successor Melik Mehmed Gazi did not have the martial spirit of his father and grandfather. He

675-477: Was based on a misunderstanding of a passage in Abu'l Fazl Bayhaqi 's Tarikh-i Bayhaqi and is thus totally erroneous". According to Robert Gregory Bedrosian (citing Suren Yeremian and Halil Yinanc), Danishmend Gazi was an Armenian Muslim. The Danishmendnâme , a 14th century (i.e. posthumous) epic romance based on oral traditions dealing with Danishmend Gazi, is likewise filled with "legendary material". According to

702-402: Was founded by Danishmend Gazi . Sources about Danishmend Gazi's origins however, are steeped in "legendary flavor". According to Robert Irwin, Danishmend Gazi was a "Turkoman emir of impenetrably obscure origins". For instance, according to Niketas Choniates , a Byzantine government official and historian and a near-contemporary of Danishmend Gazi, he was of Arsacid descent. According to

729-571: Was sent by Malik-Shah to conquer Cappadocia . Others viewed Danishmend Gazi as a maternal uncle of Suleiman ibn Qutulmish ( r.   1077–1086), the first ruler of the Sultanate of Rum . In addition, some historians believed he was one of the Seljuq commanders who fought at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071. According to Yazici: "Osman Turan's suggestion that he was a Seljuq envoy to the Ghaznavid court

#687312