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43-517: Győrújbarát is a village near Győr in Győr-Moson-Sopron county, Hungary . This Győr-Moson-Sopron location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Gy%C5%91r The area along the Danube River has been inhabited by varying cultures since ancient times. The first large settlement dates back to the 5th century BCE; the inhabitants were Celts . They called

86-612: A commander. While General André Masséna commanded the Army of Italy , Eugène raised a reserve army to guard the kingdom's southern border, after Naples broke its neutrality agreement with France. After the French victory at Austerlitz , Napoleon sought to strengthen Bavaria 's alliance with France and arranged Eugène's marriage to Princess Augusta of Bavaria , daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria , breaking her engagement to Charles, Hereditary Prince of Baden . On 12 January 1806, Eugène

129-599: A decree of 1 February 1805, Eugène was created Arch-Chancellor of State and made a prince of France. As commander of the Imperial Guard (successor to the Consular Guard), Eugène preceded his stepfather to Milan ahead of Napoleon's coronation as King of Italy on 26 May 1805. Napoleon had originally intended to place his brother Joseph on the Italian throne and then, after Joseph's refusal, his nephew Napoléon Charles ,

172-480: A diplomatic marriage, this union would turn out to be a happy one. On 14 November 1817, his father-in-law made him Duke of Leuchtenberg and Prince of Eichstätt , with the style Royal Highness . Eugène and Augusta had seven children: On 20 December 1807, he was given the title of Prince de Venise ("Prince of Venice"), a title created on 30 March 1806, when the Venetian Province taken from Austria in 1805

215-417: Is 569.6 millimetres (22.43 in), of which July is the wettest with 64.8 millimetres (2.55 in), while February is the driest with only 26.9 millimetres (1.06 in). The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from −22.1 °C (−7.8 °F) on December 28, 1996, to 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) on August 8, 2013. The ancient core of the city is Káptalan Hill at the confluence of three rivers:

258-742: Is excellent. Győr railway station has important railway connections via the Eastern Railway and Budapest–Hegyeshalom lines ( Vienna – Budapest , operated by RailJet ), but the Győr-Sopron railway line owned by the Győr-Sopron-Ebenfurt railway company (GYSEV), as well as the Győr-Celldömölk railway line and the Győr-Veszprém railway run by MÁV In Győr, several main transport routes meet each other (M1, M19, 1, 14, 81, 82, 83, 85), and

301-650: The 1st Hussar Regiment as an assistant sub-lieutenant on 30 June 1797, Eugène served as an aide-de-camp to his stepfather in the Italian campaign . After the Treaty of Campo Formio (17 October 1797) he was sent on missions to the Ionian Islands and Rome . In 1798, he followed Napoleon in his campaign in Egypt and Syria , where he took part in the Siege of Jaffa and was wounded during

344-688: The Battle of Lützen . Eugène then returned to Italy, where he set about reorganizing his troops and preparing the defence against the Austrian Empire . Despite the defection of Murat's Kingdom of Naples in January 1814, and pressure from his Bavarian father-in-law, Eugène refused to defect to the Coalition , while also rejecting calls to leave behind his kingdom and join Napoleon in the defence of France . During

387-608: The Hungarian Second Division . Győr is twinned with: Eug%C3%A8ne de Beauharnais Eugène Rose de Beauharnais ( French: [øʒɛn də boaʁnɛ] ; 3 September 1781 – 21 February 1824) was a French nobleman, statesman, and military commander who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars . Through the second marriage of his mother, Joséphine de Beauharnais , he

430-748: The Italian Campaign of 1813-1814 , he commanded a series of engagements in the Po Valley in order to slow down the enemy advance, which were in effect a series of organized retreats up to the river Adige . Despite some success against the Austrians at the Battle of the Mincio River on 8 February 1814, and successive victories against the Neapolitan Army , he was beaten at the rivers Taro and Nure . On 16 April, five days after Napoleon's abdication of both

473-599: The Mongol invasion (1241–1242) and then was destroyed by the Czech army in 1271. After the disastrous battle of Mohács , Baron Tamás Nádasdy and Count György Cseszneky occupied the town for King Ferdinand I while John Zápolya also was attempting to annex it. During the Ottoman occupation of present-day central and eastern Hungary (1541 - late 17th century), Győr's commander Kristóf Lamberg thought it would be futile to try to defend

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516-586: The Mosoni-Danube , Rába , and Rábca . Püspökvár, the residence of Győr's bishops, can be easily recognized by its incomplete tower. Győr's oldest buildings are the 13th-century dwelling tower and the 15th-century Gothic Dóczy Chapel. The cathedral, originally in Romanesque style , was rebuilt in Gothic and Baroque style. Other sights include: The Pannonhalma Archabbey is located some 20 km (12 miles) outside

559-715: The Rocca d'Anfo ), public works (construction of roads, restoration of the Venetian Arsenal , draining of the marshes around Verona ), and the promulgation of the Napoleonic civil , commercial, and penal codes. After the kingdom annexed the Marches from the dissolved Papal States , in April 1808, Eugène managed to keep relations with the Holy See from breaking down and rallied the populations of

602-509: The Siege of Acre . Eugène returned to France with Napoleon in the autumn of 1799, helping to bring about the reconciliation of the general and his mother, who had become estranged due to their mutual extramarital affairs. During the Coup of 18 Brumaire , he accompanied Napoleon to Saint-Cloud , where they brought the Council of Five Hundred into submission. When Napoleon became First Consul following

645-701: The Siege of Mainz (1793) he was imprisoned and executed by guillotine on 23 July 1794, a few days before the fall of Maximilien Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror . Eugène joined the French Revolutionary Army soon after his father's death, initially serving as an orderly to General Lazare Hoche during the War in the Vendée . However, within a year his mother Joséphine had arranged his return to Paris, after she remarried to Napoleon Bonaparte. After joining

688-639: The Audi marque . Business then grew to assembling the Audi TT Coupé and TT Roadster. Eventually, V6 and V8 engines were also included, and after the acquisition of Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. , Audi then began to build V10 engines . The V10s for Audi vehicles are fully assembled here, but only the cylinder blocks for the Lamborghini V10 . Engines are also supplied to other Volkswagen Group marques, but over 90% of Audi vehicle engines are made here. By 2020,

731-656: The European award for the protection of monuments. A 100-year-old Raba factory on the River Danube close to the historical centre is to be replaced by a new community called Városrét. The mixed-use community will have residential and commercial space as well as schools, clinics and parks. The city's main theatre is the National Theatre of Győr , finished in 1978. It features large ceramic ornaments made by Victor Vasarely . The city has several historical buildings, for example

774-554: The French and Italian thrones, Eugène signed the Convention of Schiarino-Rizzino  [ it ] with the Austrian commander Heinrich von Bellegarde , bringing an end to hostilities. His attempt to be crowned King of Italy failed after an insurrection in Milan on 20 April, and Eugène finally relinquished control of the kingdom in the Convention of Mantua on 23 April. After the fall of

817-793: The Kingdom of Italy, Eugène retired to Munich in June 1814 at the behest of his father-in-law. He soon returned to Paris on the death of his mother, where he was honourably received by Louis XVIII and Alexander I of Russia . He immediately renounced his political activity and returned to his wife's family in Bavaria. Accordingly, he remained neutral during Napoleon's return to power in the Hundred Days . As Duke of Leuchtenberg , Eugène lived his last years in Munich managing his estates and expanding his art collection. At

860-519: The Turks returned briefly, only to leave after being defeated in the Battle of Vienna . During the following centuries, the town became prosperous. In 1743 Győr was elevated to free royal town status by Maria Theresa . The religious orders of Jesuits and Carmelites settled there, building schools, churches, a hospital, and a monastery. On 14 June 1809, during the War of the Fifth Coalition , this

903-498: The airport. It was targeted because the Rába factory was a main tank ( Turán ) and aeroplane ( Bf 109 ) producer. One of these raids destroyed some parts of the maternity hospital. The 1950s and '60s brought more change: only big blocks of flats were built, and the old historical buildings were not given care or attention. In the 1970s the reconstruction of the city centre began; old buildings were restored and reconstructed. In 1989 Győr won

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946-463: The annexed areas through economic benefits. During the War of the Fifth Coalition , Eugène was put in command of the Army of Italy with some highly competent generals like Grenier , Charpentier , and the future marshal Étienne MacDonald accompanying him as advisers and officers. In April 1809, he fought and lost the Battle of Sacile against the Austrian army of Archduke John , but Eugène's troops won

989-561: The area in the 4th century due to constant attacks by the tribes living to the east, the town remained inhabited. Around 500 the territory was settled by Slavs , in 547 by the Lombards , and in 568–c. 800 by the Avars , at that time under Frankish and Slavic influence. During this time it was called Rabba and later Raab . Between 880 and 894, it was part of Great Moravia , and then briefly under East Frankish dominance. The Magyars occupied

1032-631: The campaign, Eugène again commanded the Army of Italy ( IV Corps ), with a total force of 80,000 men. He fought at the battles of Ostrovno , Vitebsk , Smolensk , Borodino , Maloyaroslavets , Krasnoi , and the Berezina . After Napoleon and then Joachim Murat had left the retreating army in December 1812, Eugène took command of the remnants of the Grande Armée at Poznań . He led the retreat to Leipzig from January to May 1813, then served under Napoleon at

1075-514: The castle, and the Lutheran Evangelic church. Győr's climate is classified as oceanic climate ( Köppen Cfb ) closely bordering on a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa ). Among them, the annual average temperature is 11.1 °C (52.0 °F), the hottest month in July is 21.6 °C (70.9 °F), and the coldest month is 0.3 °C (32.5 °F) in January. The annual precipitation

1118-638: The city is handball, with the Győri ETO KC being the city's main team. ETO won the Champions League in 2013 , 2014 , 2017 , 2018 and in 2019 and also reached the final in 2009 , 2012 and in 2016 . In addition, Győr reached the final of the EHF Cup Winners' Cup in 2006 and the final of the EHF Cup in 1999, 2002, 2004 and 2005. WKW ETO FC Győr is a football team, currently (as of 2023/2024) in

1161-613: The coup, Eugène was appointed captain of the chasseurs à cheval of the Consular Guard . He distinguished himself in the Guard's cavalry charges at Battle of Marengo , and was promoted to chef d'escadron . In 1803 he bought Hôtel Beauharnais . After rising through the ranks under the Consulate, Eugène was promoted to brigade general soon after the establishment of the Empire in 1804. By

1204-473: The factory has a 12 MW solar roof, producing 9.5 GWh/year. The current mayor of Győr is Bence Pintér . The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the 2024 local government elections , is made up of 23 members (1 Mayor, 16 Individual constituencies MEPs and 6 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances: List of City Mayors from 1990: The city is a national hub for rail and road traffic. The transport-geographical position of Győr

1247-574: The main square and the grid of streets remained. In 1594, after the death of Count János Cseszneky , captain of Hungarian footsoldiers, the Ottoman army occupied the castle and the town. In 1598 the Hungarian and Austrian army took control of it again and occupied it. During the Turkish occupation the city was called Yanık Kala (burned place, as a reference to the enormous damages caused by the siege). In 1683,

1290-516: The motorway is accessible from several parts of the city. Győr-Pér Airport can be reached from the city on Highway 81, 15 kilometers towards Székesfehérvár. At the 1,734 km (1,077 mi) section of the Danube lies the port of Győr-Gönyű with its fully equipped 25 hectare serving terminal. Győr is the home of the Győri ETO Sport Club, which has many sport divisions. The most popular sport in

1333-508: The rematch at the Battle of the Piave in May and the Battle of Raab in June. After the Battle of Aspern-Essling , Napoleon recalled the Army of Italy to Austria. After joining the main army on the island of Lobau in the Danube , Eugène took part in the Battle of Wagram . Napoleon considered making Eugène regent of France during the invasion of Russia but ultimately decided against this. During

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1376-734: The same time, he provided assistance for proscripts under the Bourbon Restoration , such as Antoine Marie Chamans de Lavalette , and lobbied for the alleviation of the harsh treatment imposed on Napoleon in his captivity in Saint-Helena . In 1822, Eugène's health began to deteriorate. After suffering two attacks of apoplexy in 1823, he died on 21 February 1824 in Munich, aged 42. On 14 January 1806, two days after his adoption by Napoleon, Eugène married Princess Augusta Amalia Ludovika Georgia of Bavaria (1788–1851), eldest daughter of Napoleon's ally, King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria . Although

1419-633: The son of Louis Bonaparte and Eugène's sister, Hortense . However, both Joseph and Louis refused, so Napoleon placed the Iron Crown upon his own head instead. During the coronation, Napoleon handed the royal ring and mantle to his stepson and on 7 June 1805 announced Eugène's appointment as Viceroy of Italy to the Italian Legislative Assembly. In 1805, the War of the Third Coalition was to test Eugène's talents as an organizer, if not as

1462-404: The son of Viscount Alexandre de Beauharnais and Marie-Josèphe Rose Tascher de la Pagerie (future empress Josephine), both born in the French colony of Martinique . His parents separated when Eugène was three years old. At the age of five, Eugène was entrusted to his father's care, attending various boarding schools. His father served as a general during the early Revolutionary Wars . After losing

1505-567: The town Ara Bona "Good altar", later contracted to Arrabona , a name which was used until the eighth century. Its shortened form is still used as the German ( Raab ) and Slovak ( Ráb ) names of the city. Roman merchants moved to Arrabona during the 1st century BCE. Around 10 CE, the Roman army occupied the northern part of Western Hungary, which they called Pannonia . Although the Roman Empire abandoned

1548-399: The town around 900 and fortified the abandoned Roman fortress. Stephen I , the first king of Hungary, founded an episcopate there. The town received its Hungarian name Győr , which likely derives from Old Hungarian personal name Győr, who could be the county's first count . The town was affected by all the trials and tribulations of the history of Hungary: it was occupied by Mongols during

1591-466: The town from the Turkish army. He burned down the town and the Turkish forces found nothing but blackened ruins, hence the Turkish name for Győr, Yanık kale ("burnt castle"). During rebuilding, the town was surrounded with a castle and a city wall designed by the leading Italian builders of the era. The town changed in character during these years, with many new buildings built in Renaissance style, but

1634-486: The town to expand. In the mid-19th century, Győr's role in trade grew as steamship traffic on the River Danube began. The town lost its importance in trade when the railway line between Budapest and Kanizsa superseded river traffic after 1861. The town leaders compensated for this loss with industrialisation. The town prospered until World War II when several buildings were destroyed. Some large-scale strategic bombing devastated industrial and residential areas as well as

1677-559: The town. After the year 2000 the city started many big construction and renovation projects. The bigger changes include: Audi AG subsidiary company Audi Hungaria Zrt. has a large factory in Győr, where the Audi TT sports car, the A3 Cabriolet , A3 Limousine , and many engines (1,913,053 engines in 2007) are built. The factory opened in 1994, at first producing inline-four engines for

1720-433: Was officially adopted by Napoleon. Though excluded from succession to the French Empire, on 16 February 1806 he was declared heir presumptive to the Italian throne, in the absence of a second son of Napoleon. Over the following years, Eugène dedicated himself to the management of the Kingdom of Italy, showing himself an astute politician and administrator. He oversaw military works (fortification of Mantua , expansion of

1763-421: Was the site of the Battle of Győr ( Battle of Raab ), where the army of Eugène de Beauharnais defeated the Hungarian "noble insurrection" (militia) and an Austrian corps under the Archdukes Joseph and Johann . Napoleon's forces occupied the castle and had some of its walls blown up. The leaders of the town soon realized that the old ramparts were not useful any more. Most of the ramparts were destroyed, allowing

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1806-428: Was the stepson of Napoleon Bonaparte . Under the French Empire he also became Napoleon's adopted son (but not the heir to the imperial throne). He was Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy under his stepfather, from 1805 to 1814, and commanded the Army of Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. Historians consider him one of Napoleon's most able relatives. Eugène Rose de Beauharnais was born in Paris on 3 September 1781 as

1849-462: Was united to Bonaparte's Kingdom of Italy. In 1810, Napoleon used his influence over Karl von Dalberg , Archbishop of Regensburg and Grand Duke of Frankfurt , to name Eugène as constitutional heir of the grand duchy. Von Dalberg abdicated on 26 October 1813 due to Frankfurt's imminent conquest by the allied armies, and Eugène became nominal grand duke until Frankfurt was occupied by the allies in December of that same year. A further imperial sinecure

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