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42-606: Ginsheim-Gustavsburg lies south of the Main and north of the Rhine in the so-called Mainspitze triangle, a narrow piece of land between the Main and Rhine where the former empties into the latter. Across the Rhine from the community lies Mainz . Wiesbaden is also nearby. Ginsheim-Gustavsburg borders in the north on the district-free city of Wiesbaden and the town of Hochheim ( Main-Taunus-Kreis ), in

84-548: A Landtag . Historically, states of the German Confederation also established Landtage . The Landtag of Liechtenstein is the nation's unicameral assembly. The German word Landtag is composed of the words Land (state, country or territory) and Tag (day). The German word Tagung (meeting) is derived from the German word Tag , as such meetings were held at daylight and sometimes spanned several days. In feudal society,

126-619: A Roman horseman's gravestone, a copy of which now graces the Town Hall's lobby. In 1635, the Swedes quit the Gustavsburg, as the fort was known ("Gustavsburg" literally means "Gustav's castle" in German ), which after changing hands several times in the war at last fell into French hands. In 1673, Mainz Elector Johann Philipp von Schönborn had the complex razed. Until 1740, according to one municipal map,

168-653: A Christmas Market is held there. The greatest yearly festival is the Burgfest ("Castle Festival"), held at Whitsun. There is also a new park built where King Gustav Adolf's fort once was. Main (river) The Main ( German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪn] ) is the longest tributary of the Rhine . It rises as the White Main in the Fichtel Mountains of northeastern Bavaria and flows west through central Germany for 525 kilometres (326 mi) to meet

210-524: A German-speaking majority), a Landtag is a unicameral legislature for a constitutive federal state (Bundesland). In the Principality of Liechtenstein , the Landtag is the sole national parliament, because Liechtenstein has no federal structure due to its size. In most of the German constitutive federal states ( Bundesländer ), the unicameral legislature is called Landtag : In the German city states ,

252-771: A college that is entitled to one or more seats. Therefore, the representatives primarily defended class interests, and decisions were based on a class-based electoral system. In some of the Imperial States that were known as Land , the name of such estates assembly was Landtag , analogous to the Reichstag (Imperial Diet), which mainly comprised most of the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire plus Reichsgrafen , Imperial prelates and Free imperial cities . The precise composition obviously varied greatly, and could change over time, as

294-567: A vital part of European " Corridor VII ", the inland waterway link from the North Sea to the Black Sea . In a historical and political sense, the Main line is referred to as the northern border of Southern Germany , with its predominantly Catholic population. The river roughly marked the southern border of the North German Federation , established in 1867 under Prussian leadership as

336-526: Is generally the legislative assembly or parliament of a federated state or other subnational self-governing entity in German-speaking nations . It is usually a unicameral assembly exercising legislative competence in non-federal matters. The States of Germany and Austria are governed by Landtage . In addition, the legislature of the Italian autonomous province of South Tyrol is known in German as

378-571: Is navigable for shipping from its mouth at the Rhine close to Mainz for 396 km (246 mi) to Bamberg . Since 1992, the Main has been connected to the Danube via the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal and the highly regulated Altmühl river. The Main has been canalized with 34 large locks (300 × 12 m or 984 × 39 ft) to allow CEMT class V vessels (110 × 11.45 m or 360.9 × 37.6 ft) to navigate

420-674: The DNVP a working majority. This was followed by the " Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich " of 30 January 1934 that formally abolished all the Landtage and transferred the sovereignty of the states to the central government. Although the states themselves continued in existence, the federalism of the Republic was effectively supplanted by a unitary state . Under its original constitution , East Germany

462-578: The Enlightenment would have less effect in the German-speaking lands, or only much later. In 1815 the German Confederation ("Deutscher Bund") was founded as successor to the Holy Roman Empire. § 13 of the "Bundesakte" (the constitution of the German Confederation) forced the German states to pass constitutions and implement parliaments called Landstände or Landtage. The first constitution

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504-553: The Peaceful Revolution , but their Landtage did not convene until after the reunification of Germany . The Diet of Finland , which was created when the country was ceded from Sweden to Russia in 1809, was called lantdag in Swedish until 1906 when it was replaced by the unicameral Parliament of Finland . Parliament continued using the name lantdag in Swedish until 1919, when Finland adopted its first constitution following

546-586: The Red Main ( Roter Main ) and the White Main ( Weißer Main ). The Red Main originates in the Franconian Jura mountain range, 50 km (31 mi) in length, and runs through Creussen and Bayreuth . The White Main originates in the Fichtel Mountains ; it is 41 km (25 mi) long. In its upper and middle section, the Main runs through the valleys of the German Highlands. Its lower section crosses

588-517: The Rhine below Rüsselsheim , Hesse . The cities of Mainz and Wiesbaden are close to the confluence. The largest cities on the Main are Frankfurt am Main , Offenbach am Main and Würzburg . It is the longest river lying entirely in Germany (if the Weser - Werra are considered separate). The Main flows through the north and north-west of the state of Bavaria then across southern Hesse ; against

630-528: The "Oculus Memorie" (Eberbach Monastery's goods directory). After the former Imperial village was pledged to Count Dieter von Katzenelnbogen in 1248, history yields other noble families' names such as Falkenstein, Sayen and Isenburg as the village's overlords changed. In 1600, the village ended up in the Hesse-Darmstadt Landgrave Ludwig V's hands. In the Thirty Years' War , the community

672-540: The Austrian capital Vienna (like Berlin) is both a city-state and a municipality , the Gemeinderat (municipal assembly) of Vienna also serves as the state Landtag. However, the city constitution states that municipal and state affairs are kept separate, and the two bodies hold separate meetings even though their memberships are identical. The representatives are elected in general, free, secret and direct ballots according to

714-719: The Duchies of Livonia , Estonia , Courland and Semigallia , and later the Russian Governorates of Livonia , Estonia and Courland . After the independence of Estonia and Latvia in 1918, they were ultimately replaced by the Riigikogu and the Saeima . In the contemporary Federal Republic of Germany , the Republic of Austria and the Italian Republic 's province of South Tyrol (with

756-730: The Lower Main Lowlands ( Hanau-Seligenstadt Basin and northern Upper Rhine Plain ) to Wiesbaden , where it discharges into the Rhine . Major tributaries of the Main are the Regnitz , the Franconian Saale , the Tauber , and the Nidda . The name Main originates from Latin Moenis , Moenus or Menus . It is not related to the name of the city Mainz (Latin: Mogontiacum or Moguntiacum ). The Main

798-487: The Rhine. The idyllic location on an oxbow lake of river Rhine with the offshore islands Nonnenau (reachable by the ferry Johanna ), Langenau and Rabenwörth, and the picturesque Rheinauen (Rhine floodplains) have made Ginsheim into a well visited local recreation area. Worth seeing is the Evangelical church , which was built in 1746 as a Baroque hall with a three-sided end. The Altrheinfest (Old Rhine Festival) – on

840-700: The declaration of independence in 1917. Since then, the official term in Swedish has been riksdag , equivalent of the German Reichstag. The Finnish name is eduskunta . The first Landtag of the Livonian Confederation was called by archbishop of Riga Johannes Ambundii in 1419 and reconvened on a regular basis until the incorporation of Livonian lands into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , Sweden and Denmark in 1561. Separate Landtags for Livonia , Courland and Estonia continued to exist as bodies of

882-634: The double community's councils voted to be amalgamated with the city of Mainz. In November 1929, the Hessian Landtag approved the separation of the Ginsheim municipal area and the Ginsheim Rhine floodplains from Groß-Gerau district and Starkenburg province so that they could be assigned to Mainz district and Rheinhessen province. In the cause of the bombing of Mainz in World War II Ginsheim

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924-517: The east on the community of Bischofsheim and the town of Rüsselsheim , in the south on the community of Trebur , and in the west on the community of Bodenheim ( Mainz-Bingen ) and the district-free city of Mainz . As its name suggests, Ginsheim-Gustavsburg consists of two centres, named Ginsheim and Gustavsburg. The placename is believed to go back to the Frankish Gimmo family and had its first documentary mention in 1211 as "Ginnensheim" in

966-631: The first weekend in June, organized by local clubs – draws many visitors, even from outside. Other things to see include a yacht marina, a local history museum ( Heimatmuseum ) and an historical industrial crane . Worth seeing in Gustavsburg are the two churches, the Main Sluice, the Mainspitze and the Cramer-Klett-Platz workers' neighbourhood, which now stands under protection as a monument. Every year,

1008-553: The formal class system was reflected in the composition of the Imperial States ' representative assemblies ( Landstände ), regardless of their name well described as estates of the realm : it was not intended as an elected reflection of public opinion, but a fixed expression of established power as recognized in formal privileges, including the right to be seated in person (granted to many nobles (knightage) and prelates , as well as certain cities) or to be represented as elector in

1050-587: The latter it demarcates a third state, Baden-Württemberg , east and west of Wertheim am Main , the northernmost town of that state. The upper end of its basin opposes that of the Danube where the watershed is recognised by natural biologists, sea salinity studies (and hydrology science more broadly) as the European Watershed . The Main begins near Kulmbach in Franconia at the joining of its two headstreams,

1092-536: The only resident business in what is now Gustavsburg was a tiler's workshop. When the railway was opened in 1858, so was the Hafenbahnhof Gustavsburg (Gustavsburg Harbour Railway Station). A year later, the Nuremberg firm Klett & Co. (which later became MAN-Werk Gustavsburg branch of nowadays Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg , or MAN) began building work on a bridge across the Rhine. An assembly area

1134-581: The parliamentary city council serves the function of the state parliament within the federal system - in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen and in the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg it is called the Bürgerschaft (municipal assembly): In the German capital and city state of Berlin , the legislature since 1951 (then of West Berlin ) is called Abgeordnetenhaus ("House of Representatives"), adopting

1176-768: The predecessor of the German Empire . The river course also corresponds with the Speyer line isogloss between Central and Upper German dialects, sometimes mocked as Weißwurstäquator . The Main-Radweg is a major German bicycle path alongside the river. Approximately 600 kilometres long (370 mi), it is the first long-distance instance awarded 5 stars by the General German Bicycle Club ( ADFC ) in 2008. It starts from Creußen or Bischofsgrün and ends in Mainz . Landtag A Landtag (State Diet )

1218-664: The principle of proportional representation . The largest of the parliamentary groups (called Klubs in Austria) usually nominates the Landeshauptmann governor. The modern Landtage are the democratic successors of the estates assemblies in the corresponding crown lands of the Austrian Empire . Exceptions are the city of Vienna, which belonged to the Lower Austria Kronland until 1920, and Burgenland, ceded to Austria by

1260-526: The result of privileges granted or lost, entities split or merged, border changes et cetera . Prussian Landtage were held: See also Preußischer Landtag . As Austria and Prussia escaped the French 'exporting the revolution', and Napoleon was happy to maintain satellite monarchies in most German territories under his control (members of the Confederation of the Rhine ), the more democratic principles of

1302-566: The river Main, and so the area where Gustavsburg lies today passed to the Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt who in turn gave it to Ginsheim. On 30 December 1808, the Ginsheim Schultheiß (roughly " sheriff "), confirmed this new acquisition. In the years that followed, Kostheim townsfolk who still owned land south of the Main sold their fields to Ginsheim farmers, thus making 1808 Ginsheim-Gustavsburg's actual time of birth. On 28 September 1929,

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1344-661: The river is rather narrow on many of the upper reaches, navigation with larger vessels and push convoys requires great skill. The largest cities along the Main are Frankfurt am Main , Offenbach am Main and Würzburg . The Main also passes the following towns: Burgkunstadt , Lichtenfels , Bad Staffelstein , Eltmann , Haßfurt , Schweinfurt , Volkach , Kitzingen , Marktbreit , Ochsenfurt , Karlstadt , Gemünden , Lohr , Marktheidenfeld , Wertheim , Miltenberg , Obernburg , Erlenbach/Main , Aschaffenburg , Seligenstadt , Hainburg , Hanau , Hattersheim , Flörsheim , and Rüsselsheim . The river has gained enormous importance as

1386-684: The state governments were responsible. After the Nazi seizure of power , they embarked on the process of Gleichschaltung (coordination). On 31 March 1933, the Provisional Law on the Coordination of the States with the Reich was enacted, which dissolved all the sitting Landtage and reconstituted them on the basis of the recent Reichstag election results, which had given the Nazi Party and its coalition partner

1428-538: The total length of the river. The 16 locks in the adjacent Rhine-Main-Danube Canal and the Danube itself are of the same dimensions. There are 34 weirs and locks along the 380 km navigable portion of the Main, from the confluence with the Regnitz near Bamberg, to the Rhine. Most of the weirs or dams along the Main also have turbines for power generation. Tributaries from source to mouth: Left Right Around Frankfurt are several large inland ports. Because

1470-760: The tradition of the Prussian Landtag . The national bicameral Parliament comprises the directly elected Bundestag and the Bundesrat which represents the state governments in Federal matters which affect the Länder . According to the Constitution of Austria , the Landtage are the unicameral legislatures of the nine states of Austria ( Bundesländer ), dealing with all matters not explicitly allotted to federal level: As

1512-408: The two municipalities nowadays lie in two different Bundesländer , with Ginsheim-Gustavsburg in Hesse and Mainz in Rhineland-Palatinate . Ginsheim-Gustavsburg is directly reachable by motorways (German: Autobahn ) A 60 and A 671 . In Gustavsburg there is a railway station called Mainz-Gustavsburg (recalling Gustavsburg's former status as a Mainz constituent community) and a harbour on

1554-407: Was a federal republic with five Länder , each with its own Landtag. Each Landtag was responsible for electing the Chamber of States , the upper house of the national parliament. In 1952, the Länder were dissolved and replaced by Bezirke (districts). The Landtage were accordingly abolished and their functions transferred to the Bezirke governments. The Länder were eventually restored after

1596-501: Was passed in Nassau in 1814. Until 1841 ( Luxembourg ) all but two states got their constitution and parliaments. In 1871 the German Empire was founded. All 25 states of the German Empire and Alsace-Lorraine (the " Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen ") (from 1911) had Landtage as legislative authorities. The most important one was the Prussian Landtag . In the Weimar Republic (1919 – 1933) all German states had Landtage that were democratically elected by universal suffrage , and to which

1638-439: Was placed under protection as a monument until it was destroyed in an air-raid late in the Second World War . This and some other interesting chapters in the local history are on display at the Heimatmuseum . The constituent community of Gustavsburg owes its name to the Swedish King Gustav Adolf , who in 1632, during the Thirty Years' War had a fort built on the Mainspitze. Found during work on this was, among other things,

1680-450: Was set up in Gustavsburg as part of the project, and workers and their families moved into this area. Quickly there arose an industrial community. In 1806, Napoleon placed Kastel , Kostheim , the Maarau ( floodplain ) and the islands just offshore under French administration. Left Bank of the Rhine had been brought under French sovereignty in 1801. The Frenches had no interest in that part of Kostheim's municipal area that lay south of

1722-399: Was so badly battered that from 1634 to 1642, hardly anyone lived there. Typical trades in Ginsheim in bygone ages are said to have been farmer , fisherman and miller . Milling developed itself into a proper line of industry. At any one time, up to 15 floating watermills were anchored at Ginsheim, with the last one being withdrawn from service in 1929. It was towed to Mainz Harbour where it

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1764-399: Was subject to air raids. Thus it remained until the end of World War II in 1945, when the Rhine became a boundary between two zones of occupation, the French and the American , splitting the communities on the Mainspitze triangle away from Mainz and grouping Ginsheim-Gustavsburg and Bischofsheim once again with Groß-Gerau district. They have never been reincorporated into Mainz, and indeed

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