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34-418: PAN board members who played an active role in the early history of the organization include Darío Aguilar, Rodolfo Garcia, David Gonzalez, Angela de Hoyos, and Juan Tejeda. In 1983, Pedro Rodriguez was selected to become the executive director. The organization quickly launched several annual programs for which it is best known: The Tejano Conjunto Festival (1981), The Christmastime Concert (1982), Hecho A Mano,

68-708: A $ 15 million donation. On March 23, 2022, more gifts were announced, including $ 436 million to Habitat for Humanity and $ 275 million to Planned Parenthood . In May 2022, the Big Brothers, Big Sisters foundation reported a $ 122.6 million donation from Scott. Scott has also made donations to organizations in Kenya , India, Brazil, Micronesia , and Latin America . In April 2022, The New York Times reported that Scott's donations since 2019 have exceeded $ 12 billion. In September 2022, Scott donated two of her Beverly Hills homes, worth

102-589: A combined $ 55 million, to the California Community Foundation (CCF), which provides grants to mission-based nonprofits in Los Angeles. The organization intended to sell both homes and use 90% of the earnings to fund affordable housing initiatives and direct the other 10% to an immigrant integration program. In October 2022, Scott donated $ 84.5 million to Girl Scouts of the USA and its 29 local councils. This

136-532: A daughter. Their community property divorce in 2019 left Scott with US$ 35.6 billion in Amazon stock, but her former husband retained 75% of the couple's Amazon stock. She became the third-wealthiest woman in the world and one of the wealthiest people overall in April 2019. In July 2020, Scott was ranked the 22nd-richest person in the world by Forbes with a net worth estimated at $ 36 billion. By September 2020, Scott

170-663: A fine arts and crafts market (1986). In 1991, the Guadalupe Dance Company was founded, and the Guadalupe Dance Academy began in 1992. According to the GCAC website, it "was one of the first Chicano organizations to collaborate with Mexican artists and cultural institutions, commission and present new works and to pioneer in community cultural education," and it has featured or fostered numerous now-prominent Chicano and Latino visual and performing artists. According to My SA ,

204-570: A further $ 2.7 billion in 2021. As of mid-December 2022, Scott had given a total of $ 14 billion to over 1600 charitable organizations. MacKenzie Scott Tuttle was born on April 7, 1970, in San Francisco, California, to Holiday Robin (née Cuming), a homemaker, and Jason Baker Tuttle, a financial planner. She has two brothers. She was named after her maternal grandfather, G. Scott Cuming, who worked as an executive and general counsel at El Paso Natural Gas . She claims to remember writing seriously at

238-553: A further $ 4.15 billion in the previous four months to 384 organizations, with a focus on providing support to people affected by the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and addressing long-term systemic inequities. She said that after July, she wanted her advisory team to give her wealth away faster as the United States struggled with the unprecedented impact of COVID-19 while billionaires' wealth continued to climb. Her team's focus

272-466: A professional dance company featuring folklórico and flamenco dances in 1991. Known as the Guadalupe Dance Company, the professional company maintains an active program and is regarded as "one of the leading professional folklorico and flamenco dance companies in the nation." Overseen by accordionist Juan Tejeda, the Tejano Conjunto Festival became the largest in the country, as well as one of

306-492: A research assistant to Morrison for the 1992 novel Jazz . She also worked in an administrative role for hedge fund D. E. Shaw in New York City, where she met Jeff Bezos. In 1993, Scott and Bezos married. The following year, they left D. E. Shaw, moved to Seattle , and Bezos founded Amazon with Scott's support. Scott was one of Amazon's early key contributors, and was heavily involved in Amazon's early days, working on

340-503: A showcase for emerging accordionists. The GCAC maintains a Conjunto Music Hall of Fame that inducts performers as part of the festival. The GCAC also runs an annual competition for the Conjunto Festival. In 1985, the 1st Annual Texas Small Press Bookfair was organized by author Sandra Cisneros (then the literary director) and publisher Bryce Milligan. It sought to support and showcase small publishing houses. The Bookfair developed into

374-533: Is based in Colorado Springs, Colorado and is owned by Kinder Morgan, Inc. of Houston, Texas . Historically, EPNG's primary market was California, though the growth of competing pipelines into that market and lack of increased demand since 2001 has led to a decrease in its business there, especially in Southern California. At the same time, EPNG's shipping into Arizona has increased, largely because it

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408-411: Is the exception, not the norm in their world." The New York Times noted that "Ms. Scott has turned traditional philanthropy on its head... by disbursing her money quickly and without much hoopla, Ms. Scott has pushed the focus away from the giver, and onto the nonprofits, she is trying to help." Scott stated she believed "teams with experience on the front lines of challenges will know best how to put

442-518: The 1970s, EPNG became the El Paso Company. In 1983, the company was acquired by Burlington Northern, Inc .. In 1992, Burlington spun off the company as a publicly traded corporation. In 1996 and 1999, the company purchased Tenneco Energy from Tenneco and Sonat, Inc. , respectively. The company pioneered: For many years, the company had more gas-treating capacity than all of other interstate pipelines combined. In 1967, El Paso joined with

476-516: The Equality Can't Wait Challenge, a contest to promote gender equality and expanding women's power and influence in the United States by 2030. The four winners received $ 10 million each, and an additional $ 8 million was split between the two finalists. In February 2022, nine organizations announced gifts from Scott totaling $ 264.5 million. The Association for Women's Rights in Development received

510-546: The GCAC is the "largest community-based, multi-disciplinary organization in the United States." In the early 1990s, the Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center created several dance programs. Following the dissolution of existing folkloric dance companies, it began its own dance program, with classes and performances. In conjunction with the Mexican Cultural Institute of San Antonio, the GCAC also developed

544-441: The GCAC's signature annual events. At its peak, 50,000 people participated in the festival over its six-day duration. According to then-director Rodriguez, Tejeda "took conjunto out of the bars and onto the stage.” More than twenty musicians appear in the annual festival, which has included many well-known accordionists, including Los Dos Gilbertos, Flaco Jimenez, Esteban Jordan, Tony de la Rosa, and Ruben Vela. It has also served as

578-566: The Hawaii Community Foundation. The foundation intended to use 75% of the donation to fund the Maui Strong Fund, a fund created to support the long-term recovery from Maui wildfires . As of December 2023, Scott had donated more than $ 16 billion to non-profit organizations. In March 2024, Scott's donations has reached $ 17.2 billion. Forbes reported, "the unrestricted and ultimately more trusting nature of Scott's philanthropy

612-540: The Inter-American Book Fair & Literary Festival in 1987. In addition to emerging writers, it featured famous authors, such as Isabel Allende, Maya Angelu, Alurista, Ernesto Cardenal, Carlos Fuentes, Larry McMurtry, Elena Poniatowska, and Alice Walker. After the Book Fair & Literary Festival was long defunct, an unanticipated $ 1 million gift to the GCAC from MacKenzie Scott and her husband Dan Jewett gave

646-530: The Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors, Renee Karibi-Whyte, competitions like Scott's open call can help organizations who do not have connections with a specific funder get considered. In December 2021, Scott faced backlash for a Medium post when she stated she would not reveal how much money she has donated or to whom. She subsequently announced that her team would build a website to share details of her philanthropy. In December 2022, she posted

680-710: The age of six, when she wrote The Book Worm , a 142-page book that was destroyed in a flood. In 1988, she graduated from the Hotchkiss School in Lakeville , Connecticut. In 1992, Tuttle earned her bachelor's degree in English from Princeton University , where she studied under Nobel Laureate in Literature Toni Morrison , who described Tuttle as "one of the best students I've ever had in my creative writing classes." After graduating from college, Tuttle worked as

714-424: The company's name, business plan, accounts, and shipping early orders. She also negotiated the company's first freight contract. After 1996, Scott took a less involved role in the business, focusing on her family and literary career. In 2005, Scott wrote her debut novel, The Testing of Luther Albright , for which she won an American Book Award in 2006. She said that the book took her ten years to write as she

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748-768: The link to her donation database, called Yield Giving. Per the website, "Yield is named after a belief in adding value by giving up control." El Paso Natural Gas El Paso Natural Gas (EPNG) is an American company and a 10,140-mile pipeline system consisting of a system of natural gas pipelines that brings gas from the Permian Basin in Texas and the San Juan Basin in New Mexico and Colorado to West Texas, New Mexico , Nevada , California , and Arizona . It also exports some natural gas to Mexico . El Paso Natural Gas

782-498: The money to good use." According to a report from the Center for Effective Philanthropy, slightly more than half of the 277 nonprofit organizations surveyed stated that their grant from Scott has made fundraising easier, with some saying they are able to use it as leverage with other donors and the large gift "has enabled organizations to focus funds where they were most needed to achieve their mission." According to Senior Vice President of

816-482: The organization the resources to open a bookstore in 2021 and to begin an author's series in 2022. MacKenzie Scott MacKenzie Scott ( née Tuttle , formerly Bezos ; born April 7, 1970) is an American novelist, philanthropist, and ex-wife of Amazon founder Jeff Bezos . As of June 2024 , she has a net worth of US$ 36.1 billion, owning a 4% stake in Amazon . As such, Scott came out of her divorce as

850-659: The spring or summer of 1947. Line were to end at the Colorado River where it was to connect to the Southern California Gas Company system. Additionally planned were 117 miles (24-inch), 32 miles (18-inch) and 14.5 miles (14-inch) of gathering pipelines ($ 3.4m), a 105,000,000 cubic feet/day compressor station, dehydration and purification plant at Jal, New Mexico ($ 2.2m). A limit of 300,000,000 cubic feet/day with additional compressor stations. total cost $ 25.4m. The line became operational on 13 November 1947. In

884-409: The third-wealthiest woman in the United States and the 47th-wealthiest individual in the world. Scott was named in the list of world's 100 most powerful women by Forbes in 2023 and 2021; including one of Time ' s 100 most influential people in 2020. In 2006, Scott won an American Book Award for her 2005 debut novel , The Testing of Luther Albright . Her second novel, Traps ,

918-469: Was announced on March 19, 2024. She ended up donating $ 640 million to 361 small nonprofits, giving more than double what the original open call planned for, with 279 non-profits received $ 2 million each while 82 groups were given $ 1 million each. Scott donated nearly $ 2.2 billion in 2023 to 360 organizations supporting early learning, access to affordable housing, race and gender equity, health equity, and civic and social engagement. She donated $ 5 million to

952-781: Was finalized in January 2023. In May 2019, Scott signed the Giving Pledge , a charitable-giving campaign in which she undertook to give away most of her wealth to charity over her lifetime or in her will. Despite its name, the pledge is not legally binding. In a July 2020 Medium post, Scott announced that she had donated $ 1.7 billion to 116 non-profit organizations, with a focus on racial equality, LGBTQ+ equality, democracy, and climate change. Her gifts to HBCUs , Hispanic-serving institutions , tribal colleges and universities , and other colleges surpass $ 800 million. In December 2020, less than six months later, Scott stated that she had donated

986-563: Was helping Bezos build Amazon and raising her family. Toni Morrison , her former professor, reviewed the book as "a rarity: a sophisticated novel that breaks and swells the heart". Her second novel, Traps , was published in 2013. According to NPD BookScan , sales of her books were modest. Scott was married to Jeff Bezos , whom she met while working as an administrative assistant at D.E. Shaw in 1992. After three months of dating, they married and moved from Manhattan to Seattle, Washington , in 1994. They have four children: three sons, and

1020-567: Was named the world's richest woman, and by December 2020, her net worth was estimated at $ 62 billion. After her divorce from Jeff Bezos, MacKenzie Bezos changed her name to MacKenzie Scott, with the surname deriving from her middle name given at birth. In 2021, Scott then married Lakeside School science teacher Dan Jewett. The marriage was revealed in Jewett's Giving Pledge letter posted in March 2021. In September 2022, Scott filed for divorce, which

1054-719: Was on "identifying organizations with strong leadership teams and results, with special attention to those operating in communities facing high projected food insecurity, high measures of racial inequity, high local poverty rates, and low access to philanthropic capital." Scott's 2020 charitable giving totaled $ 5.8 billion, one of the largest annual distributions by a private individual to working charities. Scott announced another $ 2.7 billion in giving to 286 organizations in June 2021. Forbes reported that Scott donated $ 8.5 billion across 780 organizations in one year (July 2020 to July 2021). In June 2021, Scott and Melinda French Gates launched

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1088-406: Was published in 2013. She has been executive director of Bystander Revolution , an anti-bullying organization, since she founded it in 2014. She is committed to giving at least half of her wealth to charity as a signatory to the Giving Pledge . Scott made US$ 5.8 billion in charitable gifts in 2020, one of the largest annual distributions by a private individual to working charities. She donated

1122-506: Was the largest donation from an individual in the organization’s history. As of November 2022, Scott had donated almost $ 14 billion to 1500 organizations. In March 2023, Scott announced an "open call" for community-focused nonprofits with annual budgets between $ 1 and $ 5 million that she could fund. Scott planned to make unrestricted $ 1 million donations to 250 nonprofits selected in the process. Lever for Change announced that Scott's open call for grants prompted 6,000 applicants. The result

1156-634: Was the only pipeline into the fast-growing Phoenix area until the TransWestern Phoenix Lateral came in service Q1 2009. Its largest customers are: Its FERC code is 33. October 1945: In light of depletion of reserves in California by the war and expected future growth. EPNG proposed building 720 miles of 26-inch pipeline ($ 19.8m) to supply California markets with gas from the Permian Basin in Lea County, New Mexico , work to be finished in

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