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67-477: Grüner may refer to: Grüner Veltliner Grüner IL Grüner See (Styria) Grüner Veltliner variety of white wine grape George Grüner , Hungarian physicist See also [ edit ] Gruner (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Grüner . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

134-555: A celebratory dinner was more likely to be accompanied by an inferior French wine than a premium Australian wine. This is partly due to exchange rate fluctuations, making Australian wines appear much cheaper than French wines in the UK and hence perceived as being of poorer quality. While this situation may be somewhat mitigated by the continued rise in the Australian dollar during 2010, the stronger currency threatens to weaken Australian exports to

201-474: A century. Local experts were not able to determine the variety of the vine. Only when it was threatened to be ripped out in 2005 additional samples were taken and later analyzed at Klosterneuburg . Genetic analysis in the following years by Ferdinand Regner was able to determine that St. Georgener-Rebe is a parent variety to Grüner Veltliner. St. Georgener-Rebe was once known under the synonym Grüner Muskateller but appears to have no direct relationship to

268-883: A few US wineries have started to grow and bottle Grüner Veltliner, including wineries and vineyards in Massachusetts , Blenheim Vineyards in Charlottesville, Virginia, at Hazy Mountain's Little North Mountain Vineyard in Swoope , Virginia ( Shenandoah Valley AVA )), Oregon , Maryland , the North Fork of Long Island AVA and Finger Lakes AVA regions of New York State , Napa Valley , Clarksburg AVA , Monterey AVA and Santa Ynez Valley AVA in California , Ashtabula County , Ohio , Southern New Jersey 's Bellview Winery , Pennsylvania, and along

335-610: A link between the grape and the Italian commune. The grape is likely indigenous to Austria. The current name appeared in a document for the first time in 1855; before that time it was known as Weißgipfler . Only by the 1930s was Grüner Veltliner established as the standard name of the grape. Until the Second World War , it was regarded as just another Austrian grape, but after the introduction of Lenz Moser 's Hochkultur system of vine training , it expanded quickly in plantation from

402-452: A number of varietals, such as Chardonnay, Pinot noir and Shiraz. Moreover, Australians have innovated in canopy management and other viticultural and in wine-making techniques, and they have a general attitude toward their work that sets them apart from producers in Europe. Australian wine-makers travel the wine world as highly skilled seasonal workers, relocating to the northern hemisphere during

469-470: A portion used for winemaking. Early Australian winemakers faced many difficulties, particularly due to the unfamiliar Australian climate. But because it is also warm, dry, and Mediterranean overall, making Australia ideal for wine production, they eventually achieved considerable success. "At the 1873 Vienna Exhibition the French judges, tasting blind, praised some wines from Victoria, but withdrew in protest when

536-467: A similarity to Chardonnay produced in Burgundy. And, like Chardonnay, the variety can be made in an overly oaky and "fat" style. Unoaked examples can exhibit a minerality similar to Riesling. Master of Wine Jancis Robinson notes that Grüner Veltliner is usually produced dry with spicy, peppery notes. It is often full-bodied and with age can take on aromas and flavors similar to white Burgundies. Over

603-789: A small scale in California , Washington State , Oregon , Idaho, and New York. In Oregon, the grape is found in the American Viticultural Areas of the Chehalem Mountains, Eola-Amity Hills , Willamette Valley and Umpqua Valley . In the Umpqua Valley, Reustle Prayer Rock Vineyards is believed to be the first winery in the United States to produce a commercial Grüner Veltliner with their 2005 release. Other notable Oregon Growers include Chehalem Winery, Raptor Ridge Winery, and Illahe Vineyards. New York State's Finger Lakes AVA

670-581: A time when China was Australia's most lucrative market. As relations between the two countries improved the tariffs were removed in March 2024. In 2024, in part due to overproduction as well as falling consumption, Australian vignerons uprooted millions of vines. Major grape varieties are Shiraz , Pinot noir , Cabernet Sauvignon , Merlot , Chardonnay , Sauvignon blanc , Sémillon , and Riesling . The country has no native grapes, and Vitis vinifera varieties were introduced from Europe and South Africa in

737-560: Is a half sibling of Rotgipfler and is either a grandchild or a half-sibling to Pinot noir which has a parent-offspring relationship with Savagnin. The nature of this relationship is unclear since DNA profiling has not yet determined between Pinot and Savagnin which grape is the parent and which grape is the offspring. Despite having the name Grüner Veltliner , the grape has no known connection to other Veltliner grapes including Roter Veltliner and Frühroter Veltliner . The grey-berried vine Grauer Veltliner (also known as Veltliner Grau)

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804-563: Is also found in South Australia, California (particularly Paso Robles, originating with Tablas Creek Vineyard ), and Washington (Columbia Valley); smaller production exists in Argentina and South Africa. A very similar blend is traditional to Priorat (in Catalonia , Spain), still based on Garnacha (Grenache), but adding Mazuelo (Carignan), Syrah, and Merlot (same GS, different M's). Grenache

871-729: Is dominated by a small number of major wine companies. The largest wineries are the Casella winery in Yenda, NSW ( Yellow Tail wines) and the Berri Estates winery in Glossop, SA. The ownership of wineries varies but their location has largely been the same since the introduction of stainless steel tanks in the 1990s, there was a major change in the wine industry in the 1980s when local winegrower cooperatives ceased operations or were privatised. The majority of grapes are grown in warm climate regions, including

938-563: Is grown in Central by Ata Mara vineyards one of the southernmost vineyards in the world. The first bottle of Gruner Veltliner was produced by Ata Mara in 2013. Central Otago has a climate similar to the region of Wachau in Austria with hot day time temperatures and cool nights. In Canada, Grüner Veltliner is found in British Columbia . Across the border in the United States, the grape is planted on

1005-558: Is home to some small plantings of Grüner Veltliner due to the cool climate and proximity to the glacially formed Finger Lakes which help mitigate excessive cold in the early spring and the winter. Lamoreaux Landing is one of a few notable Finger Lakes wineries that produces Grüner Veltliner. Additional American plantings of Grüner Veltliner are found in Maryland , Virginia , in the Outer Coastal Plain AVA of New Jersey and in

1072-582: Is known as Veltlinske Zelené in Slovakia where it is the most widely planted white grape variety in the country. The grape's 3,805 hectares (9,402 acres) represent almost one-fifth of all grape plantings in the country. Across the border in the Czech Republic, the local synonym for Grüner Veltliner is similar, Veltlinské zelené , with 1,713 hectares (4,233 acres) in production as of 2011. In Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol wine region of north east Italy , along

1139-661: Is no evidence that she placed an order as a result. The production and quality of Australian wine was much improved by the arrival of free settlers from various parts of Europe, who used their skills and knowledge to establish some of Australia's premier wine regions. For example, emigrants from Prussia in the mid-1850s were important in establishing South Australia's Barossa Valley as a winemaking region. In smaller scale, winemakers from Switzerland also helped in establishing Geelong wine region in Victoria in 1842. In 1853, Australia had less than six hundred hectares of grapes, with only

1206-409: Is not the case. In recent decades, Ms Robinson has observed that this white pepper characteristic has become less noticeable and nowadays, more often than not, is absent in many classic examples of this variety. According to wine expert Tom Stevenson , Grüner Veltliner is often lightly fruity with noticeable spice and characteristic white pepper note. Well-made examples from favorable vintages can have

1273-521: Is one of the world's largest exporters of wine, with approximately 800 million out of the 1.2 to 1.3 billion litres produced annually exported to overseas markets. The wine industry is a significant contributor to the Australian economy through production, employment, export, and tourism. There is a $ 3.5 billion domestic market for Australian wines, with Australians consuming approximately 500 million litres annually. Norfolk Islanders are

1340-483: Is only distantly related. A first DNA analysis in the late 1990s secured Savagnin (Traminer) as one parent of Grüner Veltliner, but was not able to identify the other parent among the candidates studied. The other parent was later found to be an originally unnamed variety of which only a single, abandoned, very old and weakened vine was found in Sankt Georgen am Leithagebirge outside Eisenstadt in Austria. The grape

1407-466: Is part of an extensive effort of Adelaide Hills grower, chaired by Henschke 's viticulturist, Prue Henschke, to make Grüner Veltliner a signature variety for the region. Here the region's large diurnal temperature variation allow the grape to build sugar levels during the warm days but maintain a balance of acidity during the cool nights. The first varietal bottling of Grüner Veltliner in Australia

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1474-658: Is planted with Riesling. The grape is also found in the Donauland (now known as the Wagram region) and in the Wachau region of Lower Austria . Along the Danube river warm air currents come in from the Pannonian Basin to the east and blow westward, warming the vines. This area tends to produce more full bodied wines with peach flavor notes. The Weinviertel region in the northeast, along

1541-546: Is responsible for most of the production of wine in Australia. In recent years, the Tasmanian wine industry has emerged as a producer of high quality wines. In particular, the Tamar Valley has developed a reputation for its Chardonnay and Pinot noir, which are well suited to the cooler Tasmanian climate. Queensland is also developing a wine industry with over 100 vineyards registered in the state. Some notable wines are produced in

1608-542: Is the grape behind the historic Hansenwein produced in the village of Plochingen located outside Stuttgart in the Württemberg wine region. In France , the grape is not permitted in any Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) wine however there are a few hectares of Grüner Veltliner being cultivated on an experimental basis in the country. There is 1,439 hectares (3,560 acres) of Grüner Veltliner planted in Hungary where

1675-434: Is the lightest of the three grapes, producing a pale red juice with soft berry scents and a bit of spiciness. As a blending component, it contributes alcohol, warmth and fruitiness without added tannins . Shiraz can contribute full-bodied, fleshy flavours of black fruits and pepper. It adds colour, backbone and tannins and provides the sense of balance such blends require. Mourvèdre contributes elegance, structure and acidity to

1742-498: Is therefore referred to as St. Georgener-Rebe or "St. Georgen-vine". Grüner Veltliner has a reputation of being a particularly food-friendly wine and is a popular offering on restaurant wine lists . It is made into wines of many different styles - much is intended for drinking young in the Heuriger (bars serving new wine) of Vienna , a little is made into sparkling wine, but some is capable of long aging . The steep vineyards of

1809-547: Is very susceptible to the viticultural hazards of downy and powdery mildews as well as infestation from a species of rust mites that feed on grape leaves. While Grüner Veltliner can grow on a variety of vineyard soils , wine expert Oz Clarke notes that the grape tends to thrive on soils with high loess content. While newer vineyards have been experimenting with a variety of vine training systems , in Austria Grüner Veltliner has been historically trained in

1876-474: The Black Summer bushfires of 2019 to 2020, winemaking was adversely affected in production areas struck by fire or smoke, which affects flavour through smoke taint . The Adelaide Hills wine region was particularly badly hit, losing up to 30% of is vineyards. Some winemakers found innovative ways to get around the problem of tainted grapes. In 2020, China placed taxes of more than 200% on Australian wines at

1943-426: The Danube (Donau) west of Vienna produce very pure, mineral Grüner Veltliners intended for laying down. Down in the plains, citrus and peach flavors are more apparent, with spicy notes of pepper and sometimes tobacco. Grüner Veltliner has been believed to date back to Roman times , with its name being derived from Veltlin (Valtellina) in northern Italy , though ampelographers and wine historians have yet to find

2010-757: The Lake Michigan Shore AVA of Southwest Michigan. Gruner Veltliner is also planted in Australia , particularly in the Adelaide Hills wine region in South Australia , as well as the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada. Some ampelographers (such as Hermann Goethe in his 1887 handbook of ampelography ) have long assumed that Grüner Veltliner is not related to the other varieties with "Veltliner" in their name (such as Roter Veltliner ), or that it

2077-603: The Lehigh Valley AVA of Pennsylvania . American Grüner Veltliners tend to be medium bodied, lightly fruity with high acidity and spice notes. In California, one of the early plantings of Grüner Veltliner was in the Diamond Mountain District AVA of Napa Valley . In 2006, the 1/3 acre planting of the grape at Von Strasser Winery in Diamond Mountain was the only recorded planting of Grüner Veltliner in

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2144-572: The Muscat family of grapes . In February 2011, the single surviving vine of St. Georgener-Rebe, thought to be over 500 years old, was vandalized and severely cut in several places by an unknown assailant. The vine survived with the Austrian government designating the vine as a protected natural monument. Ampelographers are currently propagating cuttings of the vine for vineyard plantings and commercial cultivation. Through its parent, Savagnin, Grüner Veltliner

2211-667: The New World wine regions of Australia , New Zealand , the United States and Canada . In New Zealand, the grape was first planted in the Gisborne region on the North Island where the first commercial bottle of the wine was released by Coopers Creek Vineyard in 2008. From here plantings of Grüner Veltliner spread to the South Island wine regions of Marlborough and Central Otago . It

2278-467: The penal colony of New South Wales by Governor Phillip on the First Fleet (1788). Wine produced from this was initially for household use. An attempt at wine making from these first vines failed, but with perseverance, other settlers managed to successfully cultivate vines for winemaking , and Australian made wine was available for sale domestically by the 1820s. In 1822 Gregory Blaxland became

2345-402: The provenance of the wine was revealed, on the grounds that wines of that quality must clearly be French." Australian wines continued to win high honours in French competitions. A Victorian Syrah (also called Shiraz) competing in the 1878 Paris Exhibition was likened to Château Margaux and "its taste completed its trinity of perfection." One Australian wine won a gold medal "first class" at

2412-528: The 1882 Bordeaux International Exhibition and another won a gold medal "against the world" at the 1889 Paris International Exhibition. That was all before the destructive effects on the industry of the phylloxera epidemic. Australia has rapidly become a world leader in both the quantity and quality of wines it produces. For example, Australian wine exports to the US rose from 578,000 cases in 1990 to 20,000,000 cases in 2004 and in 2000 it exported more wine than France to

2479-409: The 1950s to later become Austria's most planted variety. In recent years, Grüner Veltliner has seen an uptick in interest following the results of a 2002 wine tasting organized by Masters of Wine Jancis Robinson and Tim Atkin . Here Grüner Veltliner from Austria beat out several highly acclaimed white Grand cru wines from Burgundy . In 2007, DNA analysis confirmed that Grüner Veltliner

2546-736: The 1998 vintage 99 points out of a possible 100. Wine critic Hugh Johnson has called Grange the only First Growth of the Southern Hemisphere. The influential wine critic Robert Parker , who is well known for his love of Bordeaux wines, has written that Grange "has replaced Bordeaux's Pétrus as the world's most exotic and concentrated wine". Other red wines to garner international attention include Henschke Hill of Grace, Clarendon Hills Astralis, D'Arenberg Dead Arm, Torbreck Run Rig and other high-end Penfolds wines such as St Henri shiraz. Australia has almost 2000 wine producers, most of whom are small winery operations. The market

2613-467: The Lenz Moser style developed in the 1920s. Known as the "high culture" or Hochkultur method because of how relatively high (1.3 metres (4.3 ft)) the vine trunk is allowed to grow, the goal is to reduce vine density by spacing the vines in wide rows that are 3.5 meters (11.5 ft) apart. Grüner Veltliner is most closely associated with Austria where it is the most widely planted grape variety in

2680-494: The Neusiedlersee-Hügelland "hill country" on the west side. Here some sweet Auslese and botryized Trockenbeerenauslese styles of Grüner Veltliner can be produced. In Krems-Hollenburg , located just east of Krems an der Donau , one of the oldest vineyards in Austria still being used for commercial wine production is home to old vines of Grüner Veltliner that are more than 150 years old. Grüner Veltliner

2747-570: The Riverina, Murray Valley and Riverland wine regions, located in southern NSW, north western Victoria and South Australia. A 2019 report by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission examined grape production in these areas and the myriad competition and consumer issues facing growers. The information included on wine labels is strictly regulated. One aspect of this is that the label must not make any false or misleading statements about

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2814-427: The UK for the first time in history. The industry has at times suffered from its own productivity. In the late 1980s, governments sponsored growers to pull out their vines when Australia was a net importer of wine. Low grape prices in 2005 and 2006 have led to calls for another sponsored vine pull. Cleanskin wines were introduced into Australia during the 1960s as a means to combat oversupply and poor sales. During

2881-461: The UK. 2007 statistics for the North American market show that Australian wine accounted for a 17% share of the total value of US imported wine, behind France with 31% and Italy with 28%. New marketing strategies developed for the key UK market encouraged customers to explore premium Australian brands while maintaining sales of the lower-margin high-volume brands, following research that indicated

2948-715: The blend, producing flavours of sweet plums, roasted game and hints of tobacco. Australia's most famous wine is Penfolds Grange . The great 1955 vintage was submitted to competitions beginning in 1962 and over the years has won more than 50 gold medals. The vintage of 1971 won first prize in Syrah/Shiraz at the Wine Olympics in Paris. The 1990 vintage was named 'Red Wine of the Year' by the Wine Spectator magazine in 1995, which later rated

3015-592: The border with Austria, virtually any grapevine with Veltliner in its name (particularly Veltliner bianco ) is likely to be Grüner Veltliner. At one point Frühroter Veltliner was planted in old vineyards of the Alto-Adige but most of those vines have been uprooted and replaced with other varieties. Grüner Veltliner is a permitted variety in the Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) wines of Valdadige DOC and Valle Isarco DOC . In Germany , Grüner Veltliner

3082-486: The border with the Czech Republic and Slovakia , is home to more than half of all Austrian Grüner Veltliner with 8,529 hectares (21,080 acres) reported in 2012. Here the grape can achieve very high yields (up to 100 hectoliters/hectare or 5.7 tonnes/acre) and can produce simple, quaffing wines with fresh acidity and crisp fruit as well as base wine for sparkling sekt . But in vineyards on favorable locations where

3149-475: The country, almost all of it being grown in the northeast of the country. Thus, it is the most-planted grape variety in Austria. Some is made into sparkling wine in the far northeast around Poysdorf . Along the Danube to the west of Vienna , in Wachau , Kremstal and Kamptal , it grows with Riesling in terraces on slopes so steep they can barely retain any soil. The result is a very pure, mineral wine capable of long aging, that stands comparison with some of

3216-482: The country, covering almost a third of all Austrian vineyards, with 17,034 hectares (42,092 acres) in cultivation in 2012. The grape is authorized in five Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC) regions—the Weinviertel where it is the only permitted grape variety; Leithaberg where it can be made as a varietal or blended with Pinot blanc , Chardonnay and Neuburger ; Traisental , Kremstal and Kamptal where it

3283-531: The crucial US market. Australian wine accounts for a very large imported wine market share in South Asian countries and is the second largest imported wine in India with a market share of 16%. Australia was China's largest supplier of imported wine, a standing achieved in part by free-trade agreements established between the two countries. However, in retaliation for the Australian government's support of an inquiry into

3350-490: The first person to export Australian wine, and was the first winemaker to win an overseas award. In 1830 vineyards were established in the Hunter Valley. In 1833 James Busby returned from France and Spain with a serious selection of grape varieties including most classic French grapes and a good selection of grapes for fortified wine production. Wine from the Adelaide Hills was sent to Queen Victoria in 1844, but there

3417-496: The grape is known as Zöld Veltlini . The majority of these plantings are found in the western wine regions around Lake Balaton , the northern vineyards in the foothills of the Mátra mountains and the southern wine regions of Tolna County and Kunság . Some plantings of Grüner Veltliner can also be found in Bulgaria . In recent years, plantings of Grüner Veltliner have been expanding in

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3484-433: The grape often shows white pepper , lentil and celery note with some examples showing citrus notes and more full bodied examples having what Clarke describes as a "honeyed weight" to them. Despite many believing that white pepper aromatics (Rotundone) is a signature feature of Gruner Veltliner, it has been regularly noted in articles by wine expert Jancis Robinson and other writers on Ms. Robinson's web pages, that this

3551-534: The great wines of the world. In recent blind tastings organized by the Austrian Wine Marketing Board, Grüner Veltliners have beaten world-class Chardonnays from the likes of Mondavi and Maison Louis Latour . Outside of Austria, Grüner Veltliner is the second most widely grown white grape variety in the Czech Republic, encompassing approximately 2,120 hectares (5,200 acres) and resulting in approximately 11% of Czech wine production. In recent years

3618-479: The high-altitude Granite Belt region in the state's extreme south, production is centred on the towns of Stanthorpe and Ballandean . Some well-known wine-producing regions include: Greater Perth: South Western Australia: The Australian Wine export market was worth 2.8 billion Australian dollars (A$ ) a year in June 2007, having grown at 9%pa. Of this about A$ 2 billion is accounted for by North America and

3685-774: The late 18th and early 19th centuries. Some varieties have been bred by Australian viticulturists, for example Cienna and Tarrango . The most widely cultivated grape variety in Australia is Shiraz. About 130 different grape varieties are used by commercial winemakers in Australia. Over recent years many winemakers have been rediscovering so-called "alternative varieties" other than those listed above. Many varieties from France, Italy and Spain, for example Petit Verdot , Pinot grigio , Sangiovese , Tempranillo , Nebbiolo , Malbec , Barbera , Arneis , Fiano (grape) and Viognier are becoming more common. Wines from many other varieties are being produced. Australian winemaking results have been impressive and it has established benchmarks for

3752-504: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grüner&oldid=932857067 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Gr%C3%BCner Veltliner In 2008, Grüner Veltliner plantations in Austria stood at 17,151 hectares (42,380 acres), and it accounts for 32.6% of all vineyards in

3819-517: The off-season at home. They are an important resource in the globalisation of wine and wine critic Matt Kramer notes that "the most powerful influence in wine today" comes from Australia. GSM is a name commonly used for a red wine consisting of a blend of Grenache , Shiraz (Syrah), and Mourvèdre . Blends where Shiraz is the main component are sometimes referred to instead as SGM . This blend originated from those used in some Southern Rhône wines , including Châteauneuf-du-Pape , though it

3886-594: The origins of Covid-19, China imposed tariffs of over 200% on Australian wine in October 2020. These tariffs have been lifted as of April 2024 following an improvement in relations between the two countries. Canada is the fourth-largest export market for Australian wines with the major exporting provinces being British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec. With the restrictions on the sale of Australian wine being removed in British Columbia, Australian wine will be on more shelves in

3953-470: The particular Terroir such as: climatic differences, topography and soil types . The major varieties are predominantly Shiraz , Cabernet Sauvignon , Chardonnay , Merlot , Semillon , Pinot noir , Riesling , and Sauvignon blanc . Wines are often labelled with the name of their grape variety, which must constitute at least 85 percent of the wine. Vine cuttings from the Cape of Good Hope were brought to

4020-568: The second biggest per capita wine consumers in the world with 54 litres. Only 16.6% of wine sold domestically is imported. Wine is produced in every state, with more than 60 designated wine regions totalling approximately 160,000 hectares; however Australia's wine regions are mainly in the southern, cooler parts of the country, with vineyards located in South Australia , New South Wales , Victoria , Western Australia , Tasmania and Queensland . The wine regions in each of these states produce different wine varieties and styles that take advantage of

4087-500: The source of the grapes. Many names (called geographic indications ) are protected. These are divided into "South Eastern Australia", the state names , zones (shown in the map), regions, and subregions. The largest volume of wine is produced from grapes grown in the warm climate Murray-Darling Basin zones of Lower Murray , North Western Victoria and Big Rivers. In general, the higher-value premium wines are made from smaller and cooler-climate regions. The South Australian wine industry

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4154-417: The state of California. In Australia , Grüner Veltliner has seen an increase of interest and plantings which has led wine expert James Halliday to speculate that the grape may be "the next big thing" in Australian wine. One of the earliest Grüner Veltliner plantings in the country was in the Adelaide Hills wine region in the state of South Australia in 2008 by Hahndorf Hill Winery . The grape planting

4221-1975: The years Grüner Veltliner, which colloquially is sometimes referred to as GrüVe, has been known under the following synonyms: Bielospicak, Cima Biancam, Dreimänner, Feherhegyü, Feldlinger, Grauer Veltliner (in Austria), Green Veltliner, Grün Muskateller, Grüne Manhardsrebe, Grüner, Grüner Muskateler (in Austria), Grüner Muskateller (in common usage until the 1930s), Grüner Velteliner, Grüner Weissgipfler, Grüner Weltliner, Grünmuskateller, Gruner Veltliner, Manhardsrebe, Manhardtraube, Manhartsrebe, Mauhardsrebe, Mouhardrebe, Mouhardsrebe, Muskatel, Muskatel Zeleny, Nemes Veltelini, Plinia Austriaca, Ranfol bianco, Ranfol Bijeli, Ranfol Weisser, Rdeci Veltinec, Reifler Weiss, Ryvola Bila, Tarant Bily, Valtelin blanc, Valtelina vert, Valteliner, Valteliner blanc, Valteliner vert, Velteliner Grüner, Velteliner vert, Velteliner Weisser, Veltelini Zöld, Veltlin Zeleny, Veltlinac Zeleni, Veltlinec, Veltliner (in Alto Adige), Veltliner blanc, Veltliner grau (in Austria), Veltliner Grun, Veltliner Gruner, Veltliner Grün, Veltliner verde, Veltlini, Veltlinske zelené (in Slovakia), Veltlínské zelené (in Czech Republic), Veltlinski Zelenii, Veltlinsky Vert, Veltlinsky Zeleny, Vetlinac, Vetlinac Zeleni, Weisser Raifler, Weisser Reifler, Weisser Valteliner, Weisser Velteliner, Weisser Veltliner, Weissgipfler (in Austria), Weissgipfler Grüner, Yesil Veltliner, Zeleni Vetlinac (in Slovenia), Zeleny Muskatel, Zleni Veltinac, Zöld Muskotally, Zöld Muskotalynak, Zöld Veltelini (in Hungary), Zöld Velteliny, Zöldveltelini and Zold Veltelini. Australia (wine) The Australian wine industry

4288-412: The yields are restricted, wine producers can make examples of full-bodied, dry Grüner Veltliner that has pepper, mineral and citrus notes that can develop Burgundian wine traits as they age. In the vineyard area around Lake Neusiedl along the border with Hungary there is 1,272 hectares (3,143 acres) of Grüner Veltliner planted along the east side of the lake and 882 hectares (2,179 acres) planted in

4355-481: Was a natural crossing of Savagnin (Traminer) and an obscure Austrian grapevine from the village of Sankt Georgen am Leithagebirge located outside Eisenstadt in the Burgenland region of eastern Austria. The vine was first found in 2000 in an overgrown part of a pasture in a location where there had not been any vineyard since the late 19th century, and is assumed to have been the last vine in this location for over

4422-428: Was once thought to be a distinct grape variety but DNA evidence in 1996 showed that it was a color mutation of Grüner Veltliner. Grüner Veltliner is a mid-ripening grape variety that usually does not have an issue achieving physiological ripeness in most of the northern European wine regions where it is grown. The vine can be very fruitful and high yielding producing small, yellowish-green berries. Grüner Veltliner

4489-480: Was released in 2009 by the Canberra winery Lark Hill followed by Hahndorf Hill in 2010. Grüner Veltliner can be produced in a variety of styles from simple jug wine meant to be consumed soon after the vintage to ageworthy wine that can continue to develop in the bottle. According to wine expert Oz Clarke, Grüner Veltliner is usually not very aromatic in its youth, developing more tertiary aromas with age. Instead

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