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84-517: About 1737, Peter Grubb entered the iron business after discovering the vast and rich Cornwall Iron Mines (Cornwall Banks) in Lebanon County , about 21 miles north of Lancaster . Peter and the next five generations of his descendants operated and expanded the business until they owned or operated in close association with at least 18 iron production operations and several thousand acres of property in eastern Pennsylvania. Grubb's heirs sold most of

168-488: A feis is also held. The Highland Games are officially sanctioned by the Mid-Atlantic Scottish Athletics Association, and include standard events such as caber tossing and hammer throwing . In late fall and early winter, the mansion is host to several theatrical performances. From the end of October to mid-November, Poe Evermore , a storytelling event based on the works of Edgar Allan Poe

252-847: A 25-year period. Daisy Grubb sold some of her inherited industrial holdings and C. Ross Grubb, as President of the Cornwall Ore Bank Company, sold the Cornwall Iron Mines, both in 1902, to the Pennsylvania Steel Company (later acquired by Bethlehem Steel Company in February, 1916). E. Burd Grubb continued to operate the Lebanon Valley Furnace until about 1911. The dispositions of the other Grubb properties have not been determined, but may have also been acquired by Pennsylvania Steel. The final fifth-generation members of

336-529: A 32-room Victorian mansion where she entertained extensively. She retained the formal gardens established by her grandfather. Grubb was the last family member to live at Mount Hope, where she may have died in 1936. The estate is now privately owned and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Her will left a trust fund to the Hope Episcopal Church, which was built by her grandmother, and

420-590: A Captain of the Continental Army and a prisoner of war. Curtis acquiesced and decided to give his son his inheritance before the wedding, which subsequently required the courts to formally partition the family operations and allocate ownership shares among Curtis, Peter Jr., and Peter III. Peter Jr. retained a 2/3 interest in the Hopewell Forges but only a 1/3 interest in the rest of the holdings (Cornwall Furnace and Ore Banks, and Union Forge). Peter III received

504-409: A Grubb family tragedy and other unintended consequences. In 1783, Curtis' son Peter III had been given an interest in the family iron works by his father as an advance inheritance. The courts then had to determine how best to partition the overall assets. Peter III was given a 1/6 interest in the ore fields and a 1/3 interest in the forges, making him partners with his uncle Peter. Neither were happy with

588-523: A charcoal furnace at a place that he called "Mount Hope". Peter Jr. left the land to his two sons, who inherited a total of 2,307 acres (934 ha) that were to become known as the "Mount Hope Estate". His youngest son, Henry Bates Grubb , acquired his brother's share and built the mansion by 1805. The Grubbs were locally prominent by at least 1784, and from 1840 to 1870 were the leading iron manufacturers in Pennsylvania, with Mount Hope Estate serving as

672-609: A chateau in Normandy, a villa on the Riviera, and an estate at Manada where he died in 1928. Sixth-generation Parker Ross Grubb died at 45 while golfing in Switzerland in 1920. The Cornwall Iron Mines, that had been the source of the family's wealth, continued in production under Bethlehem Steel until operations were ended by a 1973 flood resulting from Hurricane Agnes ; it had been mined continuously for 234 years. Daisy Elizabeth Brooke Grubb

756-680: A large Greek Revival mansion that is now the Lancaster Museum of Art. About the same time Edward removed with his family to Burlington, NJ , where he became a prominent citizen of that area. Alfred was left to manage the Mount Hope Estate and Furnace, in partnership with Edward and his heirs, which he continued until at least 1873. After his death in 1885, the Mount Hope Estate was sold back to Clement for $ 300,000. Clement acquired several operations at other locations, including two newer-technology anthracite furnaces near Columbia, PA , along

840-419: A minority interest. Peter yielded to the business pressures he found himself under and took his own life at Hopewell in 1786. His sons Alan Burd Grubb and Henry Bates Grubb inherited the furnace, which became a core asset of the future Grubb iron business. The furnace produced 1,000 tons of pig iron in 1833. The furnace was upgraded to hot blast and apparently continued in operation until at least 1885, when it

924-503: A new one was built. The Cornwall ore banks continued to supply large quantities of ore to both the iron and newer steel industries. But the expansion of ironworks proved to be short-lived, as the transition to steel production was on the horizon. The charcoal- and anthracite-based iron manufacturing business rather quickly succumbed to newer technology and the transition to the steel industry that located further west. The ten Grubb family furnaces and mines listed above were shut down over just

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1008-973: A partial interest in the business and had been managing it for them. Coleman and his heirs operated Cornwall Furnace, with various improvements over the years, until it was closed down in 1883. It has been preserved in excellent condition and the property was deeded to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1932 by the Coleman heirs. Cornwall Furnace is now open to the public and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Lifespan = 1742–1883, 141 years; 1742–1802, 60 years in Grubb family Furnace type = Charcoal cold blast Ore source = Cornwall Iron Mines Production = 32 ton/wk (max 1,600 ton/year) Acreage = 80 acres in 1744 Transportation = Wagons, Union Canal & N. Lebanon Plank Road (c1820-1886), Cornwall RR (1855 -) The Hopewell Forges on Hammer Creek (not to be confused with

1092-409: A post office, a general store, a railroad station, a school and a church. The existing mansion and grounds remain from what was once a thriving industrial headquarters complex and small village. The mansion itself was originally constructed as a Federal-style home by the prominent family of iron masters; an 1895 remodeling transformed the structure with the addition of Victorian features. The mansion

1176-497: A tannery. His son Peter launched iron operations that eventually linked six generations of people, including: Cornwall, Pennsylvania, was the center of the early Grubb Family Iron Dynasty in the 18th century. It later served a similar role for the Coleman Family operations. The Grubb family enterprises began when Peter Grubb , a stonemason by training, discovered at Cornwall, Pennsylvania between 1734 and 1737, what proved to be

1260-419: Is believed to date to the early 19th century. East of the smokehouse, a 1 1 ⁄ 2 -story building with a three bay facade and a gabled roof was used as a post office in the late 19th century, and may have served as a schoolhouse originally. The manager's farmhouse stands 2 1 ⁄ 2 stories high and is L-shaped with a porch. The springhouse is also 2 1 ⁄ 2 stories. The overall plan of

1344-569: Is constructed of locally quarried red sandstone, as are the outbuildings, which at one time numbered nearly 30. The grounds is also notable for its pre-1840 American formal garden , of which there are very few surviving. The estate currently hosts the Mount Hope Estate and Winery, the Swashbuckler Brewing Company, the Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire , and other events held throughout the year ( see below ). The estate

1428-593: The Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site ), were part of the original Grubb iron works, built by Peter Grubb (the elder) in 1742 to turn pig iron from Cornwall Furnace into final iron products. After 1765, Peter's sons Curtis and Peter Jr. assumed joint ownership of their father's holdings, including the forges. Peter Jr., the minority partner, lived nearby and operated the forges until his death in 1786. See "Hopewell Forge Mansion & Historic Marker" . The forges, however, became central to

1512-632: The Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire . The property was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and in 1991 the boundaries were increased as part of the Iron and Steel Resources of Pennsylvania Multiple Property Submission ( MPS ). Two distinct architectural styles are visible in the Estate. Originally constructed in the Federal style for Henry Bates Grubb between 1800 and 1805, Mount Hope Estate

1596-626: The Susquehanna River . Edward and his sons were also active in the iron business during this period. E. Burd entered the business after his Civil War service, and C. Ross entered into a relationship with the Haldeman iron manufacturing family. Grubb family members owned and/or operated eleven iron manufacturing operations after the Civil War, when iron was in great demand to meet the needs of an expanding country. Old plants were acquired or upgraded and

1680-450: The 32-room mansion in the Victorian architectural style. After Daisy's death, the property was subdivided and passed through numerous owners until Charles Romito purchased the mansion and immediately surrounding land for $ 1 million in 1980 to open a winery . After planting the vineyards and vinting wines, Romito opened the Mount Hope Estate and Winery in 1980. To promote his new business

1764-467: The Best Chamber (Daisy Grubb's bedroom), was also extensively remodeled. A number of new rooms were added to the house as part of the 1895 work. A billiard room and ballroom were added in the rear of the house, and several ornate bathrooms were added on the second and third floors. At one time there were nearly 30 outbuildings on the estate, as well as a wall surrounding the estate, all constructed of

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1848-671: The Grubb Family Iron Dynasty generally went into well-funded retirements. Of Clement's heirs, Charles Brooke Grubb died a batchelor at his Lancaster home in 1911; Ella Jane (Grubb) Smith died in 1920; Daisy Grubb renovated the Mount Hope Estate and may have died there in 1936. Of Edward Burd Grubb's heirs, Gen. E. Burd Grubb ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1908, lost his fortune in a bad investment, and died in Newark in 1913; Henry Bates Grubb died in Burlington in 1919; C. Ross Grubb owned

1932-427: The Grubb family"), the mansion, many stone outbuildings, and large formal gardens. After the death of Henry Bates Grubb, the estate was managed by his widow, Harriet Amelia Buckley Grubb, until her children reached adulthood. In 1848–49, at a cost of about $ 2,000, she had an Episcopal church, known today as "Hope Church", erected on the property, "for the moral and spiritual uplift of the tenants on her estate and

2016-410: The Grubb properties. While unclear, it probably remained a Curtis Grubb operation until his heirs sold to Robert Coleman in 1895. The "Union Forge Historic Marker" . has been placed at the site of the forge. Lifespan = 1782–1868, 86 years; 1782–1795, 13 years in Grubb family Pig iron source = Cornwall Furnace Production = Not determined Acreage = 1,000 The charcoal-fired Mount Hope Furnace

2100-402: The Hopewell Forges in 1802, from Henry Bates Grubb. The property was among those left by Coleman to his four sons upon his death in 1825. While it is unclear when Hopewell ceased operations, it produced 250 tons in 1833, but probably closed before 1854 when Coleman's Speedwell Forge , also on Hammer Creek, was shut down. There is little left of the forges today except a few remnants of the dams at

2184-413: The Hopewell Forges, plus 221 acres and their father's new furnace at Mount Hope. Henry, unlike his older brother Alan, was quite interested in the iron business and had several competent advisers whom the brothers had selected as guardians of their estate. He purchased his brother's share in 1798, to be paid over time, and began to rebuild the business, apparently with the cooperation of Robert Coleman. Henry

2268-522: The Mount Hope Estate events welcoming 250,000 guests annually. In 1980, Mount Hope Winery opened for business in an effort to attract visitors to the estate. The vineyards and production were located in Lake Erie County until 2015 when Mount Hope winery returned production of its wines to Lancaster County when it acquired the assets of another winery that closed. In late 2016, Mount Hope began repurposes an existing barn located approximately 300 feet from

2352-593: The Mount Hope Wine Shop at Miller's Smorgasbord (Ronks) and through distribution by Kirchner Beverage Distributor in Lancaster, PA. Lancaster County Cider began a 2016-2018 partner of the Reading Fightin Phils and supplies hard cider visitors to FirstEnergy Stadium through its Lancaster County Cider Stand located in the stadium's main grandstand. In 1980, a jousting tournament was held in the parking lot of

2436-518: The area up to 1850, and featured formal gardens that are still maintained. The enclave at its peak contained nearly 30 outbuildings (including the Hope Church, built in 1848-9), most constructed of locally quarried red sandstone and enclosed by a wall of the same material. Henry B. Grubb, who had inherited Mount Hope from his father at age 12, passed it on to his two older sons, Edward Burd Grubb and Clement Brooke Grubb, upon his death in 1823. The Estate

2520-468: The arrangement and in 1785 Peter III sold his share of the forges (and the ore fields) to Robert Coleman, who thus became Peter Jr.'s partner. Peter Jr. became even more concerned for his business situation, especially for the supply of pig iron from his brother's Cornwall Furnace, and decided to build his own furnace at Mount Hope. He went deeply into debt and the pressures of the situation led him to commit suicide at Hopewell in 1786. These events related to

2604-500: The business and sold his holdings (1/3 share of the Hopewell Forges and 1/6 share of the rest) to a family friend, Robert Coleman, on September 26, 1785, for 8,500 pounds of gold. All of this weighed heavily on Peter Jr., who had gone deeply into debt to build his furnace; the pressures of competing family operations, and his own poor health, led him to take his own life at Hopewell on January 17, 1786. After Curtis' subsequent passing in 1789, none of his heirs were willing or able to manage

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2688-621: The buying and selling of real estate and lived out his life. Peter's sons Curtis and Peter Jr. inherited the ironworks after his death in 1754. They took over operation around 1765, after the lease expired, and quickly expanded the business, later becoming significant providers of munitions to the Revolutionary War effort. Unfortunately, most of the Cornwall ironworks fell out of the Grubb family's hands by 1802. But later generations, starting with Peter Jr.'s son Henry Bates Grubb , built on

2772-595: The buying and selling of real estate. Mount Hope Estate Mount Hope Estate is a National Register of Historic Places -listed property in Rapho and Penn Townships, Lancaster County , Pennsylvania . The original estate was the center of operations of the Grubb Family Iron Dynasty during the 19th century and included over 2,500 acres (1,000 ha), a charcoal iron furnace, a grist mill, housing for employees and tenants, plus supporting structures such as

2856-534: The center of their operations. During this period the estate played host to many leading Pennsylvanians including the Shippen family, Episcopalian ministers including Bishop William White and Bishop Alonzo Potter , and other leading ironmasters including Robert Coleman . At the Grubb family's height in the mid-to-late 19th century, the estate included a charcoal furnace, mill workers' houses, Mount Hope Episcopal Church (also called Hope Church, and "principally erected for

2940-478: The coal-based fuel mined elsewhere. Forges transformed the pig iron, produced by the furnaces, into final products. The Cornwall Iron Mines in Lebanon County , also known as the Cornwall Ore Banks, were the foundation of the Grubb Family Iron Dynasty. Discovered by Peter Grubb , who had acquired 1,000 acres by 1737, they proved to be the largest domestic iron ore deposit east of Lake Superior, and were once

3024-410: The creek, but Peter Grubb's mansion and historic marker can still be seen on present-day Route 322. Lifespan = 1742 – c. 1850, 108 years; 1742–1802, 60 years in Grubb family Pig iron source = Cornwall Furnace Production = 250 ton/year in 1833 Acreage = n/a Union Forge was constructed by Curtis Grubb about 1782, near present-day Jonestown, PA, about 12 miles north of Cornwall Furnace. Curtis built

3108-512: The current Wine Shop and parallel to the Swashbuckler Brewery into a new winery facilities. The barn was originally built in the 1800s and rebuilt in 1908 after a fire. The ground floor of the new winery provides 9200 square feet of workable space for new equipment consisting of an additional 20,000 gallons, bringing total capacity to 40,000 gallons. Two 5200 gallon tanks stand outside the new production facility used for bulk juice storage for

3192-519: The daughter of Jeremiah Bates and Mary Spicer, and the granddaughter of William Bates , a founder of Newton Colony in 1681. Peter and Martha Grubb had two sons, Curtis Grubb (circa 1733 - 1789) and Peter Grubb, Jr. (1740–1786). After Martha died, Peter remarried on 12th mo. 10, 1741 [10 Feb 1742] to Hannah, daughter of Benjamin Mendenhall and widow of Thomas Marshall. In 1745, Peter and Hannah Grubb retired to Wilmington, Delaware, where he engaged in

3276-421: The discovery. Peter Grubb's Hopewell Forge Mansion , completed around 1740 and later occupied by his son Peter Jr. , still stands about six miles (10 km) from Cornwall on present-day Route 322. In 1745 Peter decided to relinquish direct control of the ironworks, and he leased the operation to Cury and Company for 20 years at £250 a year. He moved with his wife to Wilmington, Delaware , where he engaged in

3360-584: The employees of the Mount Hope Furnace". In 1885, Clement Brooke Grubb, one of Henry's sons, purchased the mansion and surrounding land for $ 300,000 from the heirs of his younger brother, Alfred Bates Grubb. That October, Clement gave the church and churchyard to the Episcopal Diocese of Central Pennsylvania . Upon Clement's death, he left it to his daughter, the last descendant of the Grubb family to own it, Daisy Elizabeth Brooke Grubb, who renovated

3444-430: The exception of several balusters and newel posts on the spiral staircase, which were Victorian replacements. The major change to the entry hall was the construction of false walls, allowing the conversion of the original hinged doors into sliding doors . The second floor central hall and Washington Room (on the second floor, in the southeast corner) were also changed very little in the renovation. The dining room, on

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3528-708: The faire was named one of the top 100 motorcoach-accessible events in America by the American Bus Association. In addition to hosting the Renaissance fair, the grounds are opened to the public for a number of other events. Tours of the mansion and wine tastings are available throughout the year. Each June, the site is used for the Celtic Fling and Highland Games . The Fling features traditional and modern Celtic music, food, crafts, demonstrations and competitions, and

3612-401: The first year, Romito hosted several events including an art show, a bluegrass concert, a fifties revival, a country-western weekend, a classical orchestra concert, and a one-day modern jousting tournament. The jousting tournament was so popular that Romito held a two-day renaissance festival the following year in the winery's parking lot, and gradually expanded this into a permanent attraction,

3696-405: The forge to process pig iron from Cornwall Furnace. Included were 1,000 acres of land, blacksmith and carpenter shops, a grist mill, and several houses. The forge continued in operation, under various owners, until 1868, when rolling mills had begun to displace forges as refiners of iron. Union Forge was initially held in common with the rest of the ironworks, and was included in the 1786 partition of

3780-418: The forges had another unintended consequence. As part of the sale to Coleman, Peter III reserved for himself and his heirs the perpetual right to remove sufficient ore from Cornwall Iron Mines to supply one furnace. This clause, particularly the definition of "one furnace," became an unsettled issue in the courts for nearly 100 years. See "Robesonia Iron Company" below. Coleman acquired the remaining interest in

3864-540: The gardens, based on English formal gardens , can be traced to the original 1800–05 construction. Although some flower beds, ornamental urns, and the round fountain in front of the mansion were installed at the time of the 1895 remodeling, the overall plan was not changed, leaving the garden as "a very rare and largely intact example of a documented American formal garden predating 1840." The Swashbuckler Brewing Company, founded by Mount Hope Estate & Winery's Managing Partner, Scott Bowser, began production in 2000 on

3948-709: The grounds of the Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire with an annual capacity of 1,200 barrels. Originally located in the Swashbuckler Brew Pub (now known as the Anchor & Mermaid Tavern), the production facility quickly outgrew this facility and, in 2015, beer production was moved to a new on-site facility just outside the Fairegrounds called SBC Brewsmiths. With a current annual capacity of 1500 barrels, Swashbuckler Brewing Company continues to produce beers for

4032-548: The headquarters of a new and much larger Grubb family iron business. Mount Hope Estate was the headquarters of the Grubb Family iron manufacturing operations during the 19th Century. Henry Bates Grubb , building on his father's legacy, founded the 19th-century Grubb family iron empire. Henry was the youngest of Peter Jr.'s two sons who inherited their father's estate in 1786, well before they came of age. The estate included 3,741 acres of iron-rich Cornwall land, 2/3 interest in

4116-414: The highly successful Cornwall Ironworks , named to recall his father's ancestral home. By 1783 the family's holdings covered 10,000 acres (4,000 ha). The property was split several times among heirs, and various lands passed between the Grubb and Coleman families in the late 18th century. In 1784, Peter Grubb's youngest son Peter Grubb, Jr. purchased an additional 212.5 acres (86.0 ha) and built

4200-512: The iron works after their father died in 1754, and took over operation in 1765. The ironmaster brothers were both Patriots of the American Revolution and Colonels of local militia; their iron works developed and supplied significant quantities of cannon and other munitions to the war effort. With the heavy demand for iron products and the accompanying inflation during the war, the brothers (and other ironmasters) realized handsome profits in

4284-531: The largest domestic iron ore deposit east of Lake Superior . Grubb purchased 1,000 acres of iron-rich property and began manufacturing activities at the Cornwall Iron Furnace and Hopewell Forges in 1742. The business thrived at Cornwall, operating until 1765 under lease by a group of businessmen named Cury & Company, while Grubb removed to Wilmington, Delaware , where he lived out his life. Peter's sons Curtis Grubb and Peter Grubb, Jr. inherited

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4368-573: The largest ironworks in Colonial Pennsylvania. The Cornwall Iron Mines are the largest U.S. iron mines ever discovered east of Lake Superior . The youngest of the seven sons of John Grubb and his wife Frances of Brandywine Hundred , Peter first learned the stonemasonry trade. In 1729, he built a water corn and boulting mill in Bradford, Pennsylvania. He constructed his first iron bloomery (a crude form of furnace) in 1737 at Furnace Creek, on

4452-405: The largest open pit iron mine in the world. The ore was primarily magnetite . While the majority interest in the mines were gradually acquired by Robert Coleman by 1803, the descendants of Peter Grubb, Jr. retained a 1/6 interest as tenants in common. The Cornwall Ore Bank Company was formed in 1864 to operate the mines for the benefit of the owners - by then numbering 96! The company operated

4536-489: The latest iron technology, apparently a worthwhile family investment in the future growth of the business. In 1833 Edward and Clement assumed control of the business under the name E. & C.B. Alfred's involvement probably began when he came of age in 1839. Clement apparently decided to strike out on his own, as he resigned from E. & C.B in 1845 and sold his half interest in the Mount Hope Estate to his younger brother Alfred for $ 25,000. He moved to Lancaster, where he built

4620-499: The majority partner, operated the furnace and Peter ran the Hopewell Forges. The brothers were enthusiastic Patriots and their iron works supplied cannon and other munitions to the Revolutionary War effort during their ownership, which ended with Curtis' death in 1789. Curtis Grubb's heirs found themselves unable or unwilling to operate the business and in 1795 they sold their interests to Robert Coleman, who had already acquired

4704-952: The mines until they were sold in 1902 to the Pennsylvania Steel Company, which was later acquired by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation ) in February, 1916. There was also an open pit mine sold to Bethlehem Steel by the Coleman heirs in 1919. The mines produced high quality iron ore and other valuable minerals for 234 years, growing to over a million tons per year, until they were flooded by Hurricane Agnes and then closed permanently in 1973. Lifespan = 1737–1973, 234 years; 1737–1902, 165 years full or partial ownership by Grubb family Production = 776,000 tons by 1848, 358,000 tons/year in 1940, 1.1 million tons/year later. Acreage = 1,000 acres in 1737. 10,261 acres in 1786 (6,520 owned by Curtis Grubb & Robert Coleman, 3,741 by Peter Grubb, Jr.'s heirs) The Cornwall Furnace in Lebanon County

4788-493: The modern border of Lancaster and Lebanon counties. Grubb constructed a regular iron furnace, known as Hopewell on Hammer Creek near his bloomery. As he started to operate Hopewell, Peter soon located three mountains of magnetic iron ore just west of the furnace. He decided to mine the ore and by 1739 had acquired over 1,000 acres (4.0 km ) that he called Cornwall Iron Mines, in honor of his father's birthplace. In 1742, he opened Cornwall Iron Furnace to take advantage of

4872-495: The newly opened winery, followed by a two-day Renaissance fair the following year. This gradually expanded to become the Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire, which is now held over 12 weekends and draws more than 250,000 patrons annually. Featuring a recreation of a 16th-century Tudor village, a replica of the Globe Theatre , Shakespearean plays, musical acts, and artisans fashioning period items such as pottery and potpourri. In 1998,

4956-404: The operations and there were complex family inheritance and legal issues still to be resolved by the courts. Robert Coleman had worked for the brothers and was in a position to step in as the family became increasingly unable to manage the business. As a result, in 1895 Curtis' remaining heirs sold their 3/6 interest to Coleman, and by 1803 he had acquired the Hopewell Forges and 5/6 of the rest of

5040-428: The operations until their sons began to come of age in 1830. Henry's three sons ( Edward Burd Grubb , Clement Brooke Grubb and Alfred Bates Grubb) took over the family business when they came of age beginning in 1830. They greatly expanded the family's operations to become Pennsylvania's leading iron producers from 1840 to 1870, with their headquarters at Mount Hope Estate . Edward was sent to Europe in 1830 to study

5124-718: The ore fields. Both families' operations bowed to the advances of iron and steel technology in the latter part of the 19th century and were gradually sold between 1883 and 1926. Many of the Grubb holdings and the Cornwall Iron Mines were sold in 1902 to the Pennsylvania Steel Company, which was acquired by Bethlehem Steel in 1916. The remaining Coleman holdings and the related Robesonia Iron Company were also sold to Bethlehem Steel, in 1919 and 1926 respectively. Bethlehem Steel continued to mine iron ore at Cornwall until 1973. In 1677, John Grubb came from Cornwall, U.K., and settled in Brandywine Hundred , Delaware, where he established

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5208-424: The original 1800–05 construction. The wooden porch running the length of the facade appears to be a reconstruction, as part of the 1895 remodeling, of a similar original porch. The entire west end of the house went through substantial changes in the 1895 remodelling. This included the construction of a striking three-story bay window rising to an octagonal turret with a patterned roof, and a two-story bay window near

5292-404: The original construction, the entire visible structure at this end was built in 1895. The interior of the mansion, like the exterior, is a mixture of original 1800–05 construction and decoration, blended rooms, and Victorian construction and decor. The entry hall is almost entirely original construction. Nearly all the woodwork and decoration in this area dates to the 1800–05 period, with

5376-508: The original properties between 1786 and 1803 to Robert Coleman , who became Pennsylvania's first millionaire and whose operations were continued through the 19th century by his heirs. Beginning in 1800, the heirs of Curtis' brother Peter Grubb, Jr. rebuilt their business on the minority interest they retained, primarily in the Cornwall Iron Mines, and operated for nearly 100 years out of Mount Hope . The Grubb and Coleman families were competitors, but also partners due to their shared interests in

5460-454: The original properties. A successful ironmaster and businessman in his own right, Coleman took over the Cornwall operations, acquired other properties, and went on to become Pennsylvania's first millionaire. It was fortunate for Peter Jr.'s heirs that he decided to begin iron-making operations at Mount Hope. Since the Colemans were now operating out of Cornwall, Mount Hope was destined to become

5544-409: The other hand, saw extensive remodeling in 1895. The room size was increased by the construction of a bay window , parquet floor was installed, and the room was decorated in cherry woodwork, with a gilt and crystal chandelier and sconces . The only original item remaining left in the room was the fireplace mantel. The Pink Room, named for the pink damask which covered the walls in 1895, the library,

5628-450: The remaining 1/3 interest in the Hopewell Forges, plus a 1/6 interest in the rest. Peter Jr. feared for the future supply of raw pig iron to his Hopewell Forges that was to become his legacy to his sons, so he decided to build his own furnace at a place south of Cornwall he called Mount Hope , where he had purchased 212 acres. The brothers were now in competition and their relations became increasingly acrimonious. Peter III grew concerned for

5712-448: The remaining holdings with great success. From 1840 to 1870 the Grubbs were among the leading iron manufacturers in Pennsylvania, with Mount Hope Estate serving as their center of operations. On 2nd mo. 12, 1732 [12 Apr 1732] at Caln, PA Monthly Meeting of Friends, Peter Grubb married Martha Bates (or Bate), widow of James Wall. Martha Bates, a native of Newton Township, New Jersey , was

5796-535: The rest to descendants of her sisters. The following properties were owned and operated over time by members of the Grubb family, or were closely associated with their operations. Presented in the approximate order of their appearance in the family dynasty. The early furnaces were charcoal-fired, and so were located on or near large tracts of hardwood forests that supplied the charcoal. Later furnaces (after about 1845) were fired by anthracite coal and/or coke, and were located near waterways or railroads that could transport

5880-412: The same locally quarried red sandstone as the mansion, "of which there seems to be an inexhaustible supply on the estate". Some of the buildings, like Hope Church, are on property that was given away or subdivided over the years, and today, only four remain on the estate, all located to the north (rear) and northeast of the mansion. The smokehouse is a square two-story building with a hipped roof, and

5964-658: The service of their new country. Curtis added the Union Forge to the holdings about 1782. They continued to operate the iron works, producing several hundred tons annually, Curtis at the Cornwall Furnace and Peter at the Hopewell Forges, until they died, Peter Jr. in 1786 and Curtis in 1789. Their residential mansions at both locations still stand today. The Grubb brothers unfortunately had a serious falling out beginning in 1783, when Curtis' pending remarriage spawned inheritance anxieties by his oldest son Peter III, 26, who had been

6048-403: The southwest corner. The most significant additions made during the 1895 remodelling are located at the rear (north) of the house. These include a conservatory with a polygonal glass dome, a greenhouse just east of the conservatory, and an enlarged kitchen. The eastern end of the house was also remodeled in 1895, in locally cut red sandstone to match the facade. Aside from several gothic arches from

6132-518: The subsequent owners, but the mansion and some surrounding land was bought by Charles Romito for a winery in 1980 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Lifespan = c1805-1936, 131 years in Grubb family, mansion still in use Production = N/A Acreage = 2,500 (including furnace) in 1885 Peter Grubb (mason) Peter Grubb ( c. 1702—1754), the founder of the Grubb Family Iron Dynasty , discovered Cornwall Iron Mines and established Cornwall Iron Furnace , together one of

6216-437: The wine and cider production. A 2000 square foot refrigeration unit, easily accessible with a fork lift, provides an area for cold stabilizing of the winery products. At the start of 2016, Mount Hope introduced Lancaster County Cider to its beverage brands. Already popular with visitors to the Estate's events, Lancaster County Cider is now available in the Mount Hope Wine Shop (Manheim), The Mount Hope Wine Gallery (Bird-in-Hand),

6300-538: Was Clement Grubb's youngest child. Never married, she inherited holdings worth $ 6 million from her father in 1889 and became a wealthy Lancaster spinster and socialite who lived at Mount Hope Estate and at her father's mansion in downtown Lancaster; she also had a town home in Philadelphia. In 1902, she sold most of her inherited industrial holdings to Pennsylvania Steel Company. In 1895, she began renovating her 12-room Federal-style Mount Hope mansion, enlarging it into

6384-432: Was Clement's daughter Daisy Elizabeth Brooke Grubb, who inherited it from her father along with holdings worth six million dollars. In 1895 she began an extensive renovation and transformed the original 12-room structure into a 32-room Victorian mansion where she entertained many distinguished guests. Daisy lived at Mount Hope at least part of the time until she died in 1936. The property was subdivided and mostly sold off by

6468-496: Was barely seventeen when he began a series of transactions to rebuild the family iron business, acquiring several properties. The combined operations grew to become one of the largest iron producers in Pennsylvania during the 19th century. Henry's holdings grew to include at least three iron manufacturing operations, over 6,500 acres of land and a 1/6 interest in the Cornwall ore banks, all managed from Mount Hope. He died in 1823, leaving his widow Harriet Amelia Buckley Grubb to oversee

6552-414: Was built by Peter Grubb in 1742 to process ore from his nearby Cornwall Iron Mines and supply pig iron to his Hopewell Forges. A cold blast charcoal fired furnace, it had a reported output capacity of 32 tons per week and supplied pig iron to six local and Philadelphia forges. After Cury & Co.'s 20-year lease expired about 1765, the furnace was jointly owned by Peter's sons Curtis and Peter Jr. Curtis,

6636-464: Was built in 1785 by Peter Grubb, Jr., on 212 acres of land he purchased from Jacob Graybill in 1784, in Manheim Township about five miles north of Lancaster. There was already an operating gristmill on the property. Peter went deeply into debt to build the furnace because he feared for the future supply of pig iron for his Hopewell Forges from his brother's Cornwall Furnace, in which Peter had only

6720-484: Was managed by Henry's widow, Harriet Amelia Buckley Grubb, until the sons came of age. The brothers partnered to operate the business in 1833, under the name E. & C.B. In 1845 Clement sold his half interest to their younger brother Alfred Bates Grubb for $ 25,000. After Alfred's death in 1885, his heirs sold Mount Hope Estate back to Clement for $ 300,000, in the most expensive real estate transaction in Lancaster up to that time. The last family member to live at Mount Hope

6804-496: Was sold by Alfred Bates Grubb's estate, along with nearly 2,500 acres of land (the Mount Hope Estate), back to his brother Clement Brooke Grubb (who had sold his share to Alfred in 1845) for $ 300,000. Lifespan = 1785 – c. 1885, 100 years, all in Grubb family Furnace type = Charcoal cold blast Ore source = Cornwall Iron Mines Production = 1,000 ton/year in 1833 Acreage = 212 in 1785; 2,500 in 1885 The Mount Hope Estate

6888-411: Was the enclave near Manheim that was home and headquarters of the Grubb family iron enterprises after 1800. It grew from Peter Grubb Jr.'s original 212 acres in 1786, home to the Mount Hope Furnace and gristmill, to over 2,500 acres and many buildings by 1885. The original Federal style mansion was built by Peter's son, Henry Bates Grubb, between 1800 and 1805; it was the most formal ironmaster's mansion in

6972-518: Was the home and center of operations of the Grubb Family Iron Dynasty during the 19th century. The Mount Hope Grubbs were from an early American family whose founder, John Grubb , had come to America from Stoke Climsland , Cornwall , England and settled in Delaware . John's youngest son Peter Grubb came to the local area about 1734, when he discovered the vast iron deposits in Lebanon County and purchased 300 acres (120 ha). By 1742 he had founded

7056-497: Was the most formal ironmaster's mansion built in the area between 1750 and 1850. In 1895, Daisy Grubb oversaw significant changes, adding a Victorian ballroom, a billiard room, chandeliers, and parquet floors, and converting original hinged doors to sliding doors, while still maintaining much of the original construction, including the original facade and fireplace mantels . The south-facing two-story facade, made of locally cut red sandstone , remains substantially unchanged from

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