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53-519: In July 2000, GFS became a nonprofit organization open to the public. Operation revenues come from visitors, art patrons, donations, and grants. GFS maintains an ever changing collection of sculptures, with works by Seward Johnson and other artists. In 1984, J. Seward Johnson, sculptor and philanthropist, envisioned a public sculpture garden and museum in Hamilton, NJ. His desire was to make contemporary sculpture accessible and offer people from all backgrounds

106-534: A kamikaze attack was occurring. On Tinian island, B-29 crews preparing for their next mission over Japan were told that it was cancelled, but that they could not celebrate because it might be rescheduled. A little after noon Japan Standard Time on August 15, 1945, Emperor Hirohito 's announcement of Japan's acceptance of the terms of the Potsdam Declaration was broadcast to the Japanese people over

159-505: A not-for-profit and public institution, Grounds For Sculpture relies on the support of visitors, art patrons, donations, grants and volunteers to continue to offer its programs and activities each year. GFS also runs programs supporting local charitable causes such as the winter coat drive held in 2016 for Jersey Cares. In 2013, UntappedCities.com described Grounds for Sculpture as an "Impressionist Oasis in New Jersey", and said it is: one of

212-1069: A number of galleries, including the Anita Shapolsky Gallery in New York City, the Columbus Gallery of Fine Art in Ohio, and the Davenport Municipal Art Gallery in Iowa. He authored How to Make Furniture Without Tools (1975) and The Modern Chair: Classic Designs by Thonet, Breuer, Le Corbusier, Eames and Others (1997). His work and career were catalogued in The Sculpture of Clement Meadmore (1994) by Eric Gibson. Meadmore died at age 76 in Manhattan from complications of Parkinson's disease . Victory over Japan Day Victory over Japan Day (also known as V-J Day , Victory in

265-564: Is awarded to the state that can boast the greatest rate of participation, based on a formula including: number of operators, number of contacts made, and radio frequency bands used. As the final official surrender of Japan was accepted aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945, the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China , which represented China on

318-576: Is known as the " memorial day for the end of the war " ( 終戦記念日 , Shūsen-kinenbi ) ; the official name for the day, however, is "the day for mourning of war dead and praying for peace" ( 戦没者を追悼し平和を祈念する日 , Senbotsusha o tsuitōshi heiwa o kinensuru hi ) . This official name was adopted in 1982 by an ordinance issued by the Japanese government . On August 6 and 9, 1945, the Allies dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki , respectively. On August 9,

371-438: Is located on the grounds, and was conceptually designed by Johnson with an Impressionist Claude Monet -styled atmosphere. The scenery surrounding the restaurant features Johnson's own impressionist-inspired sculptures, including a bridge over a lily pond which is an homage to Monet's painting Water Lilies and Japanese Bridge (1897-1899). The restaurant is named after the character "Ratty" from Kenneth Grahame 's The Wind in

424-594: Is observed on the second Monday of August. V-J Day was initially commemorated throughout the United States every year on September 2, beginning in 1948, but as the war faded from memory so has the holiday. According to WPRI-TV , the reason for abolishing V-J Day was economic, because workers got a paid day off. There was even a debate over whether or not even Rhode Island would abolish their own Victory Day celebrations. Some towns in various states still celebrate V-J day. Moosup, Connecticut holds an annual V-J day parade on

477-692: Is referred to as Liberation Day, and in South Korea it is referred to as Gwangbokjeol , (lit. "the day the light returned"). Victory over Japan Day is celebrated with duality in Mongolia . It also celebrates the victory of Soviet and Mongolian forces in the Battles of Khalkhin Gol . The anniversary of the battle was first celebrated in 1969, and was periodically celebrated on a massive scale every 5 years until its 50th anniversary in 1989, after which it dwindled in importance and

530-736: Is that of the Dancing Man in Elizabeth Street, Sydney , captured by a press photographer and a Movietone newsreel . The film and stills from it have taken on iconic status in Australian history and culture as a symbol of victory in the war. On August 15 and 16, some Japanese soldiers, devastated by the surrender, committed suicide . Well over 100 American prisoners of war were also murdered. In addition, many Australian and British prisoners of war were murdered in Borneo , at both Ranau and Sandakan , by

583-462: The Altai Republic . In the breakaway Moldovan -republic of Transnistria , Victory over Japan Day is jointly celebrated with their Republic Day celebrations, which take place on the same day. Although September 2 is the designated "V-J Day" in the entire United States, the event is not an official federal or state holiday. Rhode Island celebrates the ending of WW2 as " Victory Day ", and it

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636-465: The Japanese Instrument of Surrender took place on board the battleship USS  Missouri in Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945, and at that time Truman declared September 2 to be the official V-J Day. Post war: On 15 August 1945 Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley announced on radio that Japan had unconditionally surrendered to allied forces. This day, which has become known as VP Day,

689-522: The Missouri , announced three-day holidays to celebrate V-J Day, starting September 3. Starting from 1946, September 3 was celebrated as "Victory of War of Resistance against Japan Day" ( Chinese : 抗日戰爭勝利紀念日 ; pinyin : Kàngrì Zhànzhēng Shènglì Jìniànrì ), which evolved into the Armed Forces Day ( Chinese : 軍人節 ) in 1955. September 3 is recognized as V-J Day in mainland China . Hong Kong

742-601: The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology . After graduating in 1949, Meadmore designed furniture for several years and, in the 1950s, created his first welded sculptures . He had several one-man exhibits of his sculptures in Melbourne and Sydney between 1954 and 1962. In 1963, Meadmore moved to New York City . Later, he became an American citizen. Meadmore used COR-TEN steel, aluminium , and occasionally bronze to create colossal outdoor sculptures which combine

795-677: The Soviet Union declared war on Japan . The Japanese government on August 10 communicated its intention to surrender under the terms of the Potsdam Declaration . The news of the Japanese offer began early celebrations around the world. Allied soldiers in London danced in a conga line on Regent Street . Americans and Frenchmen in Paris paraded on the Champs-Élysées singing " Don't Fence Me In ". American soldiers in occupied Berlin shouted "It's over in

848-541: The State Duma have proposed making it a national holiday. A military parade of the Eastern Military District is annually held in the cities of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk or Khabarovsk , being one of the only parades being held on this day. Parades have also been held on September 2 in the federal subjects of Russia that celebrate the anniversary of the Battles of Khalkhin Gol , such as Buryatia , Yakutia and

901-527: The surrender document was signed, officially ending World War II. 15 August is the official V-J Day for the United Kingdom , while the official US commemoration is 2 September. The name, V-J Day, had been selected by the Allies after they named V-E Day for the victory in Europe. On 2 September 1945, formal surrender occurred aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay . In Japan , 15 August usually

954-501: The "Victory Day of the Chinese people's war of resistance against Japanese aggression" in mainland China. The day is celebrated as a public holiday in both North and South Korea, and is the only public holiday shared by the two countries. The day has particular significance to Korea, as it is the day that it was liberated from its status as a colony of the Empire of Japan . In North Korea, it

1007-601: The 2nd Sunday in August, and holds the distinction of being the oldest continuous parade celebrating V-J day since the actual surrender of the Japanese in 1945. Arkansas was the only other state to make the holiday official statewide, but it abolished it in 1975, leaving Rhode Island as the only remaining state. It was suggested in the 1960s to declare September 2, the anniversary of the end of World War II, as an international holiday to be called World Peace Day . However, when this holiday came to be first celebrated beginning in 1981, it

1060-692: The Allies was not signed until 1952, and between Japan and the Soviet Union until 1956. In Australia , the name V-P Day (Victory in the Pacific) was used from the outset. The Canberra Times of August 14, 1945, refers to V-P Day celebrations, and a public holiday for V-P Day was gazetted by the government in that year according to the Australian War Memorial . After news of the Japanese acceptance and before Truman's announcement, civilians began celebrating "as if joy had been rationed and saved up for

1113-713: The Grounds For Sculpture for a 2014 retrospective exhibit honoring Johnson. The statue remained on display at the GFS until September 2015. Also as part of the retrospective exhibit, Johnson's 25' Unconditional Surrender sculpture, resembling the V-J Day in Times Square photograph taken during the V–J day celebration in Times Square was also on display at the GFS. Rat's Restaurant

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1166-517: The Imperial Japanese Army. At Batu Lintang camp , also in Borneo, death orders were found which proposed the murder of some 2,000 POWs and civilian internees on September 15, 1945, but the camp was liberated four days before these orders were due to be carried out. Japanese forces remained in combat with Soviet forces on several fronts for two weeks following V-J Day. The formal signing of

1219-606: The Indies remembrance center in Bronbeek in Arnhem . The Japanese occupation meant the twilight of Dutch colonial rule over Indonesia . Indonesia declared itself independent on August 17, 1945, just two days after the Japanese surrendered. The Indonesian War of Independence lasted until 1949, with the Netherlands recognizing Indonesian sovereignty in late December of that year. On the day of

1272-738: The Pacific Day , or V-P Day ) is the day on which Imperial Japan surrendered in World War II , in effect bringing the war to an end . The term has been applied to both of the days on which the initial announcement of Japan's surrender was made – 15 August 1945, in Japan, and because of time zone differences, 14 August 1945 (when it was announced in the United States and the rest of the Americas and Eastern Pacific Islands) – as well as to 2 September 1945, when

1325-500: The Pacific", and hoped that they would now not be transferred there to fight the Japanese. Germans stated that the Japanese were wise enough to—unlike themselves—give up in a hopeless situation, and were grateful that the atomic bomb was not ready in time to be used against them. Moscow newspapers briefly reported on the atomic bombings with no commentary of any kind. While "Russians and foreigners alike could hardly talk about anything else",

1378-661: The Princeton Photography Club teamed up to hold an exhibition celebrating GFS and documenting the evolution of the park in an exhibit called A Grounds For Sculpture History: The Land in Pictures and Words . The works in the exhibit tell the story of how the former site of the New Jersey State Fairgrounds became Grounds For Sculpture, beginning in 1984 when the Atlantic Foundation purchased 12 acres of

1431-546: The Soviet government refused to make any statements on the bombs' implication for politics or science. In Chongqing , Chinese fired firecrackers and "almost buried [Americans] in gratitude". In Manila , residents sang " God Bless America ". On Okinawa , six men were killed and dozens were wounded as American soldiers "took every weapon within reach and started firing into the sky" to celebrate; ships sounded general quarters and fired anti-aircraft guns as their crews believed that

1484-606: The Willows which is one of Seward Johnson's favorite books. 40°14′10″N 74°43′01″W  /  40.236°N 74.717°W  / 40.236; -74.717 Clement Meadmore Clement Meadmore (9 February 1929 – 19 April 2005) was an Australian-American furniture designer and sculptor known for massive outdoor steel sculptures. Born Clement Lyon Meadmore in Melbourne , Australia in 1929, Clement Meadmore studied aeronautical engineering and then industrial design at

1537-487: The best-known kisses that day appeared in V-J Day in Times Square , one of the most famous photographs ever published by Life . It was shot on August 14, 1945, shortly before the announcement by President Truman occurred and when people were beginning to gather in celebration. Alfred Eisenstaedt went to Times Square to take candid photographs and spotted a sailor who "grabbed something in white. And I stood there, and they kissed. And I snapped four times." The same moment

1590-521: The branches of the U.S. Armed Forces. In the Garment District , workers threw out cloth scraps and ticker tape, leaving a pile five inches deep on the streets. The news of the war's end sparked a "coast-to-coast frenzy of [servicemen] kissing . . . everyone in skirts that happened along," with Life publishing photographs of such kisses in Washington, Kansas City , Los Angeles , and Miami . One of

1643-461: The celebration was moved to the third Monday in August and renamed "Sino-Japanese War Victory Day", the Chinese name of which is literally "Victory of War of Resistance against Japan Day" as in the rest of China, but this day was removed from the list of public holidays in 1999. In 2014, the Chief Executive's Office announced that a commemoration ceremony would be held on September 3, in line with

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1696-486: The communication and that the formal event was scheduled for September 2. In his announcement of Japan's surrender on August 14, Truman said that "the proclamation of V-J Day must wait upon the formal signing of the surrender terms by Japan ". Since the European Axis powers had surrendered three months earlier ( V-E Day ), V-J Day was the effective end of World War II , although a peace treaty between Japan and most of

1749-526: The days that followed was a parade of the Red Army in Harbin . In 1945 and 1946, this day was a national holiday. In subsequent years, it became a working day and no celebrations were held on this occasion. In modern Russia , Victory over Japan Day ( Russian : День победы над Японией ) is considered a memorable date and is celebrated as one of many Days of Military Honour . In recent years such as in 2017, bills in

1802-580: The elements of abstract expressionism and minimalism . Earlier in his career he worked as a furniture designer, of which his DC601A chair is a well known example. He was an avid amateur drummer and jazz lover who held jam sessions in his home. His fondness for jazz is reflected in the names of several of his works, including "Riff" (1996), "Round Midnight" (1996), "Stormy Weather" (1997), "Night and Day" (1979) and "Perdido" (1978). Meadmore's sculptures are held by museums, corporate headquarters, and schools internationally. His work has been exhibited in

1855-623: The former's state visit to the Mongolian capital. The Netherlands has one national and several regional or local remembrance services on or around August 15. The national service is at the " Indisch monument " (Dutch for "Indies Monument") in The Hague , where the victims of the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies are remembered, usually in the presence of the head of state and the government. In total, there are about 20 services, also in

1908-531: The old fairgrounds property adjacent to the Seward Johnson Atelier. From this site emerged founder Seward Johnson’s dream of a park that would become an oasis and respite for all visitors. His goal of creating a place where contemporary sculpture would be accessible to everyone continues today. In July 2013 it was announced that Seward Johnson's Forever Marilyn sculpture would be moved from Palm Springs, California (where it had stood since June 2012) to

1961-715: The operating skills of participants. The contest runs for 24 hours, from 0800 UTC on the Saturday, preceded by a broadcast including a speech by a dignitary or notable Australian (such as the Prime Minister of Australia , Governor-General of Australia , or a military leader) and the reading of the names of amateur radio operators who are known to have died. It is organized by the Wireless Institute of Australia , with operators in each Australian state contacting operators in other states, New Zealand , and Papua New Guinea . A trophy

2014-588: The opportunity to become comfortable with contemporary art. Grounds For Sculpture was conceived as a place where audiences could experience sculpture in a familiar, accessible, and informal setting. Construction on the sculpture park began in 1989 on the site of the former New Jersey State Fairgrounds; Grounds For Sculpture opened to the general public in 1992. The park's exhibits include sculptures by distinguished artists Clement Meadmore , Anthony Caro , Beverly Pepper , Kiki Smith , Magdalena Abakanowicz , Boaz Vaadia , and New Jersey sculptor George Segal . Some of

2067-538: The publication The Sixth Year of War in Pictures published by The Sun News-Pictorial in 1946, the term "VJ Day" is used on pages 250 and 251. Also an Australian Government 50th Anniversary Medal issued in 1995 has "VJ-Day" stamped on it. Amateur radio operators in Australia hold the "Remembrance Day Contest" on the weekend nearest VP Day, August 15, remembering amateur radio operators who died during World War II and to encourage friendly participation and help improve

2120-632: The radio. Earlier the same day, the Japanese government had broadcast an announcement over Radio Tokyo that "acceptance of the Potsdam Proclamation [would be] coming soon", and had advised the Allies of the surrender by sending a cable to U.S. President Harry S Truman via the Swiss diplomatic mission in Washington, D.C. A nationwide broadcast by Truman was aired at seven o'clock p.m. ( daylight time in Washington, D.C. ) on Tuesday, August 14, announcing

2173-430: The sculptures exhibited in landscaped environments, there are also six indoor art galleries. The park's collection of sculptures has continued to change and grow since the park opened, with a list of current exhibits maintained on the park's website. Since 2000, Grounds For Sculpture has been a public not-for-profit corporation with a Board of Trustees overseeing the successful operation of the sculpture park and museum. As

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2226-492: The surrender of Japan, Hồ Chí Minh declared an independent Democratic Republic of Vietnam . Vietnam celebrated 19 August as V-J Day, because of the victory of August Revolution against the Japanese forces. In the Philippines, V-J Day is celebrated annually on September 3 and is called the "Surrender of General Tomoyuki Yamashita Day". The province of Ifugao has observed every September 2 as "Victory Day", commemorating

2279-517: The three years, eight months and seven days since Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941" (the day of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor ), Life magazine reported. In Washington, D.C. a crowd attempted to break into the White House grounds as they shouted "We want Harry!" In San Francisco two nude women jumped into a pond at the Civic Center to soldiers' cheers. More seriously, thousands of drunken people,

2332-508: The valor of Philippine war veterans and the informal surrender of General Yamashita to the joint Filipino-American troops led-by Cpt. Grisham in the municipality of Kiangan on September 2, 1945. It was introduced as a holiday by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union on September 3, 1945 (the day after the surrender of Japan). The only celebration that was held in

2385-513: The vast majority of them Navy enlistees who had not served in the war theatre, embarked in what the San Francisco Chronicle summarized in 2015 as "a three-night orgy of vandalism, looting, assault, robbery, rape and murder" and "the deadliest riots in the city's history", with more than 1,000 people injured, 13 killed, and at least six women raped. None of these acts resulted in serious criminal charges, and no civilian or military official

2438-486: The works were commissioned specifically for the GFS, such as Magdalena Abakanowicz ’s Space of Stone and New Jersey artist Isaac Witkin ’s Garden State . Work on the park and sculpture acquisitions were financed by public tax-exempt bonds and private foundations associated with founder J. Seward Johnson. GFS maintains a collection of over 270 contemporary sculptures, many of them large-scale, with works by Johnson and other American and international artists. In addition to

2491-644: The world’s most impressive sculpture gardens. While Grounds for Sculpture possesses a wide array of Modernist sculptures and manicured landscapes, they are far from what make it unique. As you’ll see below, Grounds for Sculpture is home to a bizarre set of sculptural recreations of Impressionist paintings. During the Pokémon Go craze of 2016, GFS hosted "Catch 'Em All Tours" specifically geared toward Pokémon players. The museum advertised having forty PokéStops and four Pokémon gyms on its property. In January, 2017 Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital at Hamilton and

2544-537: Was captured in a very similar photograph by Navy photographer Victor Jorgensen (right), published in the New York Times . Several people have since claimed to be the sailor or the female, who was long assumed to be a nurse. It has since been established that the woman in the Alfred Eisenstaedt photograph was actually a dental assistant named Greta Zimmer Friedman , who clarified in a later interview that "I

2597-408: Was grabbed by a sailor and it wasn't that much of a kiss, it was more of a jubilant act that he didn't have to go back, I found out later, he was so happy that he did not have to go back to the Pacific where they already had been through the war. And the reason he grabbed someone dressed like a nurse was that he just felt very grateful to nurses who took care of the wounded." Another famous photograph

2650-530: Was handed over by the Imperial Japanese Army to the Royal Navy on August 30, 1945, and resumed its pre-war status as a British dependency . Hong Kong celebrated the "Liberation Day" (Chinese: 重光紀念日 ; Jyutping: cung4 gwong1 gei2 nim3 jat6 ) on August 30 (later moved to the Saturday preceding the last Monday in August) annually, which was a public holiday before 1997. After the transfer of sovereignty in 1997,

2703-425: Was marked with jubilant celebrations across the nation as citizens looked towards a future free of conflict and fear of invasion. To manage celebrations authorities closed pubs, as they had on VE Day. However, this did not dissuade individuals from partying, with crowds gathering in streets and strangers dancing together in city squares. In Australia , many use the term "VP Day" in preference to "VJ Day", but in

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2756-600: Was reduced to the level of academic debates and lectures. It was only recently that the anniversary made a resurgence in Mongolian history. It is jointly celebrated by the Mongolian Armed Forces with the Russian Armed Forces . During the 70th, 75th and 80th anniversaries in 2009, 2014 and 2019 respectively, the President of Russia has taken part in the celebrations alongside the President of Mongolia as part of

2809-410: Was sanctioned, leading the Chronicle to conclude that "the city simply tried to pretend the riots never happened". The largest crowd in the history of New York City 's Times Square gathered to celebrate. The victory itself was announced by a headline on the "zipper" news ticker at One Times Square , which read "OFFICIAL *** TRUMAN ANNOUNCES JAPANESE SURRENDER ***"; the six asterisks represented

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