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24-455: Groot Piscadera is a neighbourhood of Willemstad , Curaçao , a Lesser Antilles island in the Dutch Caribbean . It is better known as Julianadorp , a villa ward built by Royal Dutch Shell for its employees. Julianadorp is officially part of Groot Piscadera. Groot Piscadera was a plantation from the late 17th century, and was owned by Dutch West Indies Company . In 1707, the plantation

48-624: A public company or a state-owned enterprise , while others have been completely privatized . The aviation industry has also been gradually deregulated and liberalized, permitting greater freedoms of the air particularly in the United States and in the European Union with the signing of the Open Skies agreement. One of the features of such agreements is the right of a country to designate multiple airlines to serve international routes with

72-697: A bronze medalist swimmer who represented the Netherlands in the Summer Olympics was born in Willemsted. She was also the first black athlete to win a swimming medal at the Olympics. In 1985, Willemstad hosted the Curaçao Grand Prix for Formula 3000 . The race was won by Danish racing driver John Nielsen . Pabao Little League has appeared in nine Little League World Series , winning in 2004 . They were crowned

96-447: Is also the now non-functioning Queen Wilhelmina drawbridge. See Curaçao page . Shared locally with other region/s and with Germany and Denmark National airline A flag carrier is a transport company, such as an airline or shipping company, that, being locally registered in a given sovereign state , enjoys preferential rights or privileges accorded by the government for international operations. Historically,

120-543: Is government-owned. Flag carriers may also be known as such due to laws requiring aircraft or ships to display the state flag of the country of their registry . For example, under the law of the United States, a U.S. flag air carrier is any airline that holds a certificate under Section 401 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (i.e., any U.S.-based airline operating internationally), and any ship registered in

144-544: Is influenced by Dutch styles. Archaeological research has also been developed there. The city is also home to several beaches like Baya Beach . Owing to its location near the Venezuelan oilfields, its political stability and its natural deep water harbour, Willemstad became the site of an important seaport and refinery. Willemstad's harbour is one of the largest oil handling ports in the Caribbean. The refinery, at one point

168-470: Is located in Willemstad. The Caribbean Medical University is also located in Willemstad, close to the city centre. Major League Baseball players Jair Jurrjens , Wladimir Balentien , Jurickson Profar , Andruw Jones , Ozzie Albies , Kenley Jansen , Jonathan Schoop and Andrelton Simmons are from Willemstad. Noted tennis doubles player Jean-Julien Rojer was born in Willemstad. Enith Brigitha ,

192-407: Is now leased to PDVSA , the state owned Venezuelan oil company. Schlumberger , the world's largest oil field services company is incorporated in Willemstad. Numerous financial institutions are incorporated in Willemstad due to Curaçao's favourable tax policies. The University of Curaçao is the national university of Curaçao and located in Willemstad. The Avalon University School of Medicine

216-480: Is served by Curaçao International Airport , located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of the city, which is annually used by about two million passengers. Punda and Otrobanda are connected by Queen Emma Bridge , a long pontoon bridge . Although it is still in use, these days most road traffic now uses the Queen Juliana Bridge built in 1967 (rebuilt 1974) which arches high over the bay further inland. Nearby

240-526: The "main national airline" and often a sign of their country's presence abroad. The heavily regulated aviation industry also meant aviation rights are often negotiated between governments, denying airlines access to an open market. These Bilateral Air Transport Agreements similar to the Bermuda I and Bermuda II agreements specify rights awardable only to locally registered airlines, forcing some governments to jump-start airlines to avoid being disadvantaged in

264-721: The International Champions in 2005 , 2019 , 2022 , and 2023 . In 2008, another Pabao Little League team won the Junior League World Series , after winning the Latin America Region, then defeating the Asia-Pacific Region and Mexico Region champions to become the International champion, and finally defeating the U.S. champion (West Region), Hilo American/National LL (Hilo, Hawaii), 5–2. Willemstad

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288-510: The United States is known as a U.S. flag vessel . The term "flag carrier" is a legacy of the early days of commercial aviation when governments often took the lead by establishing state-owned airlines because of the high capital costs of running them. However, not all such airlines were government-owned; Pan Am , TWA , Cathay Pacific , Union de Transports Aériens , Canadian Pacific Air Lines and Olympic Airlines were all privately owned, but were considered to be flag carriers as they were

312-449: The booming oil and phosphate industry further stimulated growth, and resulted in the creation of new neighbourhoods. Between 1945 and 1955, Julianadorp and Emmastad were created by Royal Dutch Shell to house the new workers. In 1985, the oil refinery which employed 12,000 people was closed down by Shell. The Government of Curaçao decided to buy the refinery for ƒ 1.00 and take responsibility for all future pollution claims. In 1986, it

336-481: The city as traders. In the late 17th century, there were over 200 houses within the city walls. In 1675, it was decided to construct the town of Pietermaai outside of the enclosed city. It was to be separated from the city by an area of about 500 metres in which construction was not allowed so as not to obstruct the cannons in Fort Amsterdam . In 1707, the suburb of Otrobanda was founded. Otrobanda would become

360-488: The cultural centre of Willemstad. Its name originated from the Papiamentu otro banda , which means "the opposite side". The suburb of Scharloo followed, however Willemstad continued to experience growth. By 1818, the population of Willemstad had grown to 9,536 people. On 13 May 1861, a decision was made to demolish the city walls, and build residential houses in the gap separating Willemstad from Pietermaai. Around 1925,

384-506: The employees of Royal Dutch Shell. Julianadorp consisted of luxurious villas aligned along the trade winds for ventilation. It was a segregated and gated community where blacks and coloureds were only allowed entry with a special pass. In the 1960s, Shell started selling the houses, and by 1985, all houses had become private property. Julianadorp is no longer gated, and has been integrated in Groot Piscadera. Willemstad Punda

408-421: The face of foreign competition. Some countries also establish flag carriers such as Israel 's El Al or Lebanon 's Middle East Airlines for nationalist reasons or to aid the country's economy, particularly in the area of tourism. In many cases, governments would directly assist in the growth of their flag carriers typically through subsidies and other fiscal incentives. The establishment of competitors in

432-406: The form of other locally registered airlines may be prohibited or heavily regulated to avoid direct competition. Even where privately run airlines may be allowed to be established, the flag carriers may still be accorded priority, especially in the apportionment of aviation rights to local or international markets. Near the end of the 20th century, many of these airlines have been corporatized as

456-479: The largest in the world, was originally built and owned by Royal Dutch Shell in 1915. The four companies comprising the Royal Dutch Shell refining operation; the actual refinery, oil bunkering, the tugboat company (KTK) and the local distribution of refined products (CurOli/Gas) were each sold to the government of Curaçao in 1985 for the symbolic sum of one guilder per company, or a total of 1 guilder and

480-458: The term was used to refer to airlines owned by the government of their home country and associated with the national identity of that country. Such an airline may also be known as a national airline or a national carrier , although this can have different legal meanings in some countries. Today, it is any international airline with a strong connection to its home country or that represents its home country internationally, regardless of whether it

504-650: Was established in 1634, when the Dutch West India Company captured the island from Spain. The original name of Punda was de punt in Dutch . The city was constructed as a walled city. It soon developed into one of the major centres of the Atlantic slave trade which triggered a rapid population growth. In 1674, the Curaçao synagogue was built by Sephardic Portuguese Jews from Amsterdam and Recife, Brazil who had settled in

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528-618: Was leased to the Venezuelan PDVSA , and reopened on a limited scale. In 2017, the PDVSA was hit by punitive sanctions of the United States Government, and attempts have been made to seize the refinery. On 30 May 1969, the Curaçao uprising , a strike at a subcontractor of the oil refinery, turned into a riot. The riot resulted in two deaths, 300 arrests and a part of the historic centre being burnt down. The Netherlands Marine Corps

552-608: Was rented to planters. In 1928, Groot Piscadera and Klein Hofje were bought by Royal Dutch Shell and used as a water extraction area. The University of Curaçao was built in Groot Piscadera in the 1970s. Royal Dutch Shell started to bring large numbers of workers, teachers, civil servants and businessmen to Curaçao to work at their oil refinery or provide services for the employees. In October 1929, 40 houses were constructed in Groot Piscadera. Between 1945 until 1955, Julianadorp and Emmastad were constructed as residential neighbourhoods for

576-539: Was sent to Willemstad and the entire city centre was closed down. In 1997, the centre of Willemstad and its former suburbs were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . In the 21st century, a largescale program of renovation started. Jetair Caribbean, the national airline of Curaçao, has its corporate head office in Maduro Plaza. Tourism is a major industry and the city has several casinos. The city centre of Willemstad has an array of colonial architecture that

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